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D - Internet - Myiemorgmy - Intranet - Assets - Doc - Alldoc - Document - 4184 - Day 1 - 1415 - PDA Workshop (RYu) PDF
D - Internet - Myiemorgmy - Intranet - Assets - Doc - Alldoc - Document - 4184 - Day 1 - 1415 - PDA Workshop (RYu) PDF
Stresses,
Integrity, Energy
and
Capacity
Ir Richard C L Yu
IEM 2 Sep 2013
Dynamic Pile Monitoring
For each blow determine
– Pile driving stresses
– Pile integrity
– Hammer performance
– Capacity
at time of testing
Outline
• Stresses
– Compression, Tension, Bottom
• Pile Integrity
– Beta
– Examples
• Hammer Performance and Energy
Measurements
• Capacity Methods
• - RSP, RMX, RSU
Dynamic pile-top
measurements provide
information throughout
pile length and
resistance effect
CSI is the
individual high
gages reading Strain transducer
BN595; yielding
Downward Wave
L
Upward Wave
CTN, TSN
Maximum Computed Tension force
in first period 2L/c after impact
toe top
2L/c
CFB = Rtoe
= Ft2 + Ft1 - Rshaft F
CSB = CFB / A
F
To avoid overstressing at bottom
when driving to hard bearing layer
CF
B
Max CFB is with a time
delay due to toe quake
• Steel piles
90% of yield strength for steel
• Concrete piles
Compression: (85% of c.strength) - prestress
Tension : prestress + (50% of t.strength)
Impedance Reduction
Approximate Solution –
no Skin Friction
Z1
β = Z2 / Z1
Fd,1 Fu,1 β = (Fd,1 + Fu,1)/(Fd,1 - Fu,1)
t3
Fu,1 = ½(Ft3-Zvt3)
= -650
BTA interpretation
• Integrity - BTA method for uniform piles
– Looks for local decrease in wave-up
– β < 80 major damage
– β < 60 complete break
–
toe
Damaged pile
Energy
Why is it important?
• Contractor productivity
• To install pile to design depth (capacity)
• Quality control tool (blow count criteria)
PE = WH
KE = ½ m vi2
m = W/g
vi = √(2gH)
(ideal case, no losses)
vi = √(2gH) e
e = efficiency, <1
?
From this morning
Energy
• EMX = maximum of E ( t )
• ETR = EMX / (max hammer rated E)
• STK = ½*g*( T/2 )2 - 0.1(m) ;
– STK is open end Diesel hammer stroke;
– T is time between blows
• ETH = EMX ⁄ (Wr x STK) diesels only
Energy from
F+ Rebound pile to hammer
F+
V+
V-
Energy from
hammer to pile
EMX
DMX E (t) = F v dt
Outline
• Stresses
– Compression, Tension, Bottom
• Pile Integrity
– Beta
– Examples
• Energy Measurements
• Capacity Methods
• - RSP, RMX, RSU
From this morning
•Total Resistance
•Sum of downward wave at impact
and upward wave at toe reflection
•Case Method
•Case damping factor applied to
toe velocity
•Rs = (1-Jc)Fd,1 + (1+Jc)Fu,2
0.0 m/s
t1
t2
Selects the
maximum Rstatic
for JC= i 2L/c
t1 t2
RSU, RUI
Case Method Capacity Corrected for Early
Unloading
END