Reading 2005-2017

Angol nyelv — emelt szint Azonosító jel:
Task 1
Read this article about the beginnings of the modern Olympics. In the sentences that
follow the text there are some gaps. Your task is to fill the gaps with one or two words so
that the sentences correspond to what the text says. Write the words on the dotted lines.
An example has been given for you.
It’s the Olympic Spirit that Still Moves Them
The first recorded Olympic chant of the modern era, fittingly, was “Nike! Nike!,” which is the
Greek word for “victory”. The first man to hear it was James Connolly, an American hop-
step-and-jumper, who dropped out of Harvard to compete in the 1896 Games. Arriving in
Athens the night before the start of the Games (having, according to Olympic historian David
Wallechinsky, miscalculated the gap between the American and Greek calendars) Connolly
entered the triple jump on the first day and won, easily, with a jump of just under 45 feet. The
first-place medal that year was silver, not gold, but it came accompanied by a certificate and
an olive branch. Connolly, who went on to become a well-known war correspondent and
novelist, apparently never regretted choosing Olympic immortality over a degree from
Harvard.
There were only around 300 athletes altogether at that first modern Olympiad – drawn
from a world population of little more than a billion and a half. The competitors represented a
total of 13 countries, although most of them were, as it happened, Greek. In photographs, their
faces beam with Olympian idealism and spirit, and their handlebar moustaches bristle with
pride.
They trained as hard as they needed to win, but not many of them could afford to
spend their whole lives in the gym: after all, they were all amateurs. The very first marathon
winner, in 1896, was a Greek shepherd named Spiridou Louis, who promptly retired from
sports and went back to his village.
The Olympics has bequeathed to the world thrilling examples of courage (sprinter Gail
Davers battling an almost fatal thyroid condition; wrestler Jeff Blatnick overcoming
Hodgkin’s disease), of determination and astonishing physical grace. And should the Games
last another 100 years, there will always be heroes to cheer. Nike! Nike!
írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12 2005. május 12.

0513
0) The Greek word Nike means ……….…victory…….….…. in English.
1) The first modern Olympiad was held in Greece, but the very first event was won by
an …………………………….…. .
2) Unlike in present-day Olympics, winners received a …………..……………….….
medal then.
3) James Connolly never completed his ……………..…………….…. .
4) After his Olympic victory he became a journalist, and he also
……………..…………….… .
5) Only ……………..…………….…. different nationalities took part in the first
modern Olympics.
6) All the 300 participants were ……………..…………….…. .
6 pont

0513
Task 2
Read the following advice on how to behave on your first day at work. Parts of some
sentences are missing. Your task is to fill them in from the list below. Write the letters in
the appropriate white boxes as in the example. Remember that there are two extra
letters that you do not need.
THE DO’S AND DON’T’S
DO DON’T
à Turn up at the right time on the right day, à Say that the senior partner is your dad’s
and preferably at the right address – first (0) best friend and will (10)______ .
______ .
à Consider whether it (7) ______ to leave àStart surfing dodgy websites on the office
your nose stud and ear-piercings at home. computer (11) ______ for you to do.
à Be nice to everyone, including the man you à Tell the secretaries you’ll (12) ______
like least. He (8) ______ . within a year of graduating from Oxford.
à Ask questions (but not: “Why is it my (9) à Write an e-mail to a friend saying you are
______ ?”) surrounded by (13) ______ accidentally send
it to “all company users.”

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A be earning far more than them 0 C

B is expected to do the dirty work 7
C impressions can last a long time 8
D sack anyone who crosses you 9
E turn to make the tea again 10
F might be the chairman 11
G even if there isn’t much 12
H boring losers, and then 13
I be deeply disappointing
K might be best
7 pont

0513
Task 3
Read this article on the life and work of the writer Garcia Marquez, and then read the
statements following it. Your task is to decide if the statements correspond to the
information in the article. If a statement means exactly the same as the article, mark it
A. If it means something different, mark it B. If it says something that is not mentioned
in the article (so we don’t know if it is true or not), mark it C. Look at the examples first.
Garcia Marquez, Lion of Left, Takes Hollywood Dollar
The Nobel prize-winning author Gabriel Garcia Marquez, the lion of the Latin American
literary left who once celebrated his being banned from the United States with a fireworks
party, has signed up with his first Hollywood studio to earn a “family pension”.
Garcia Marquez, 76, who is fighting lymphatic cancer, overcame anti-American
scruples to let a Los Angeles company produce a big-budget version of Love in the Time of
Cholera, a surreal romance based on his parents’ troubled courtship. He will receive £1.7m.
Garcia Marquez, a confidant of the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, says he took “the
Yankee dollar” to secure a comfortable old age for his wife Mercedes, with whom he fell in
love half a century ago when she was just 13, and their sons Gonzalo and Rodrigo.
Since the publication of his 1967 novel One Hundred Years of Solitude, Garcia
Marquez has earned a fortune from writing and teaching in his native Colombia and in
Mexico City. But a heavy investment in Cambio, a radical Mexican political magazine, is said
to have drained his assets, and he has told friends he had to “rethink” his finances.
The master of the dream-like style known as magical realism lives in a luxurious
house in Mexico City. Yet he remains haunted by his impoverished past as a left-wing
journalist in Bogota, when he bought food with second-hand beer bottles.
Garcia Marquez channelled his colourful past into bestselling books that influenced
younger authors such as Salmon Rushdie. But he has not been prolific – when he won the
Nobel prize for literature in 1982 the writer John Updike said he had never known anyone
achieve so much with so little published.
Although he funded a film school in Havana that was visited by the director Steven
Spielberg, he spurned attempts to turn his books into Hollywood blockbusters.
Last week the Hollywood producer Scott Steindorff revealed that the secret of his
success in signing up the right to Love in the Time of Cholera was money and persistence.
The deal followed 18 months of daily phone calls, he said.
“I am going to make a lot of male cinema-goers unhappy because this is all about
romance. This guy works 50 years to court a woman,” said Steindorff.
While One Hundred Years of Solitude was based on the lives of his grandparents,
Love in the Time of Cholera was inspired by Garcia Marquez’s parents. Their love was
frustrated for years by his mother’s father, who regarded her suitor as a waste of time.

0513
0) Garcia Marquez has bought a Hollywood film studio. 0) B
0) The film based on Love in the Time of Cholera will cost almost £2m to 0) C
make.
14) Garcia Marquez has never been to the US. 14)
15) The writer wants his family to use the money he will be paid for the 15)
film rights
16) Garcia Marquez’s sons are not married. 16)
17) Garcia Marquez was born in Colombia. 17)
18) After publishing One Hundred Years of Solitude Garcia Marquez made 18)
money through investing in a left-wing magazine.
19) He lives in luxury now, so he has forgotten the time when he lived in 19)
poverty.
20) Much of his writing is autobiographical. 20)
21) Garcia Marquez has turned down several offers to film his books. Even 21)
now it was not easy to persuade him.
22) Despite his age, Garcia Marquez remains active even today and has 22)
organised several political campaigns recently.
9 pont

0513
Task 4
In this passage a famous Indian film director talks about his holidays. Your task is to
match the half sentences that follow the text. There is an extra letter you do not need.
Write the letters in the boxes as shown in the example.
My Holidays
I don’t understand the point of beach holidays and I’m just not interested in sunbathing. On
the contrary, there’s got to be a bit of physical activity – something that helps me engage with
my environment. Which is why I especially enjoy mountain-trekking, which allows you to
become part of the mountains, and sailing, where you become part of the sea.
I once sailed a 60ft schooner with two other guys from Gibraltar to Ibiza, then on to
Nice and back. It was physically demanding – not much time for sunbathing – but I really
enjoyed the teamwork.
The first time I went on a diving holiday, in the Philippines, I came face to face with a
shark. We were diving in quite shallow water, about 30ft deep, when the shark arrived. It just
circled around me a few times, working out whether it felt like a snack, and then left.
One of the recurring pleasures of the ocean is seeing dolphins. In Goa, I once swam
out too far. I could see a shape coming towards me. Having got off lightly before, I didn’t
want to risk another close encounter with a shark. So I panicked and started splashing
frantically back to shore. Then I realised this was just the thing you shouldn’t do, so I stopped
and waited for fate to take its course. As the shape got closer, I saw that it was a school of
dolphins. They just came up and swam around me – calm and curious.
I’ve known the mountains all my life. When I was a child, we lived in Delhi and every
year the whole family used to rent places in the Himalayas. Today, even remote parts of India
are part of the tourist trail, but back then it was a magical experience. As adults, we rapidly
forget how to live in the moment, always thinking about work or the mortgage – even when
we’re on holiday. As a child, it was different. We never thought beyond the present, which, up
there in the hills, seemed like it would last forever.
The other great thing about my childhood travels was that we had the luxury of
holidays lasting for three months at a time. That was to escape the worst of the monsoons in
Delhi, but I still don’t see much point in taking short breaks. I have such a busy life now that
it is even more important for me to spend at least a month in any place in order to have
enough time to ease out of the work mentality and really to become part of wherever I am.
Ironically, when I was young, I always dreamt of having a job where I would be
constantly travelling – New York one day, Mumbai the next, London the next. Now that this
has become the reality of my working life, I find myself just wanting to stay in one place. So
beware of your fantasies – they might just come true.

0513
0) One reason why he likes sailing and A) seemed really interested in 0) C

mountain trekking is that these him.
sports
B) attract large numbers of
tourists these days.
23) He enjoys a physically demanding 23)
holiday C) help him feel part of his
environment.
24) He had a near fatal adventure once, 24)
and D) that allowed him to travel.
25)
25) The dolphins he met one day E) the natural beauty made it
worth every second.
26) Even far-away places in India 26)
F) more than one with no
adventure.
27) When he was a child, his family 27)
G) means work for him.
28) He thinks the busier he is the more 28)
H) he behaved more cautiously
the next time.
29) As a young man he wanted a career 29)
I) he needs a proper holiday.
30) Travel now 30)
K) tried not to spend the rainy
season in Delhi.
8 pont

0513
Task 1
Read this article about an old Scottish castle. Parts of some sentences have been
removed. Your task is to fill in the gaps from the list below. Write the letters in the white
boxes. An example has been given. Remember that there is an extra letter you do not
need.
Dracula’s ruined castle to be revamped as flats
Standing above jagged rocks on the edge of a cliff and shrouded in

mist, the ruin that was the inspiration for Dracula’s castle is about to
rise from the dead.
Slains Castle in north-east Scotland was once (0) ______ with
tall towers and cold, narrow passages that played host to glittering 0) C
actors, musicians, authors and singers during the 19th century,
1)
including (1) _______ Bram Stoker, the author of Dracula.
Once home to the Earls of Errol, the 16th century castle fell into
2)
disrepair more than 70 years ago and is now (2) _______ .
Bram Stoker began visiting the area in the 1890s and was so
impressed by the castle that in 1895 he began writing Dracula while
3)
staying at nearby Cruden Bay, basing (3) _______ on the structure.
Stoker, who for several years either stayed at Cruden Bay or
4)
rented a cottage (4) _______ , is known to have written at least four
other supernatural stories (5) _______ of the area. Now the castle, one 5)
of Scotland’s most dramatic ruins, is to be (6) _______ . A group of
local businessmen have spent hundreds of thousands of pounds 6)
(7) _______ and they are planning to restore the castle, about 45
minutes from Aberdeen, and build 35 one-bedroom and two-bedroom 7)
luxury holiday apartments inside.
“It is a lovely area and we think that the castle should be
restored before it becomes just rubble (8) _______ ,” said Douglas
8)
Forrester, the architect behind the £5 million scheme.
8 pont

0512
A horror writer
B a roofless ruin
C an imposing Gothic building
D original documents
E at the nearby village of Whinnyfold
F the Transylvanian castle of the evil vampire
G inspired by the ghostly legends
H rescued from neglect
I on the cliffs
K buying the ruin

0512
Task 2
Read this article about Lord Nelson, the famous admiral. Your task is to match the half
sentences that follow the text. There is an extra letter you do not need. Write the letters
in the white boxes as shown in the example.
THE WORLD’S BIGGEST LIES
SIGNAL FAILURE: Admiral Lord 1801, this time fighting the Danes at the
Nelson, whose guts, gusto and thirst for Battle of Copenhagen. He was second in
glory would make even his closest command to the formidable Sir Hyde
historical rivals resemble shivering toe- Parker, who for many years had led
dippers, was also blessed with a operations in the West Indies and North
memorable way with words. “England American waters. So it was with some pluck
expects that every man will do his duty,” that Nelson, at the height of battle, chose to
read the rousing signal fluttering from his ignore Parker’s signal to cease fighting and
flagship, Victory, as the navy sailed into withdraw the ships. When his lieutenant
the momentous battle of Trafalgar in 1805, pointed out the signal, Nelson took up his
which saw the English fleet return telescope, placed it to his blind eye and
victorious over Napoleon, though our proclaimed that he could see no such signal,
cherished hero died. Nelson’s Column in reputedly adding the aside: “I have a right to
Trafalgar square honours his great deeds, be blind sometimes.” Nelson continued the
but there was one incident, more than four attack, defeated the Danes, won the day for
years earlier, that showed a talent for England and then replaced Parker as
pretending ignorance. Having lost an arm commander in chief of the Baltic fleet.
trying to capture Santa Cruz in the Canary While his audacious ruse made its mark on
Islands, and been blinded in one eye during history, it also made its imprint on our
a bloody battle off Corsica (though, language: the incident is seen as the
contrary to popular belief, he didn’t wear inspiration for the phrase “to turn a blind
an eye patch), Nelson was at sea again in eye”.

0512
0) Lord Nelson was a brave and

witty man A was already blind in one eye. 0) C
9) “England expects that every man B did not stop him. 9)
will do his duty,”
10) In the battle of Copenhagen C who fought well, and spoke
Nelson well. 10)
11) The fact that he had suffered two D refused to obey.

11)
terrible injuries in earlier battles
E he worked with Parker in the
12) When his commander gave West Indies. 12)
orders to retreat, Nelson
13) Instead of withdrawing his forces F became commander in chief.
13)
G to refuse to notice something.
14) After his victory against the
14)
Danes Nelson H was his message to the fleet
15) The phrase “to turn a blind eye” before the battle of Trafalgar.
15)
means
I he continued fighting.
7 pont

0512
Task 3
Read this article on why it is important for children to learn basic life skills. Some half-
sentences have been removed from the text. Your task is to match the half-sentences
below with the gaps in the text. Write the letters in the white boxes. An example has
been given. Remember that there is one more letter than you need.
Can your child tie his laces?
In the changing–room after a children’s swimming party last week, I

0) G
was confronted (0)_____ who couldn’t tie their own shoelaces. “Mum
always does it,” they mumbled. It is much quicker, of course, to keep
16)
(16) _____ – running their baths, cutting their sandwiches, tying their
shoelaces – than suffer the laborious and boring process of teaching
them to look after themselves. But it also traps them (17) _____ .
A psychologist once told me that failing (18) ____ should be 17)
classed as criminal negligence. Anyone who has witnessed the pride and
self-confidence of a child who has ridden his first few bicycle yards, or 18)
doggy-paddled across the shallow end of a swimming pool, (19)_____ .
Each new skill is a stride towards independence – practically and 19)
psychologically.
But apart from their ability to operate (20) _____ , today’s 10-
year-olds are surely the most unskilled bunch of children who ever
lived. How many – overprotected, driven door to door, passing their 20)
free time in organised play schemes and waited on hand and foot by
busy parents – (21) _____ ?
It’s far more than just being able to complete a few simple tasks. 21)
Children, unlike stroppy teenagers, love learning (22) _____ : it’s fun.
“The rewards are immediate,” says Kathleen Cox, a clinical 22)
psychologist in Sheffield. “They say ‘look, I’ve done it’ and bask in
praise. I remember that I learnt to change a plug (23)____ .”
In addition, says Cox, each skill mastered can boost a child’s
self-esteem, (24)_____ who is capable and takes life in their stride.
23)
“But instead, we are seeing a generation of 17-year-olds arriving
at university with no idea how to look after themselves,” she says. Not
24)
only are they unable to feed themselves or do their own washing, but
also their lives have been so protected and over-supervised that
(25) _____ .
“Faced with something they can’t do, they don’t have the habit 25)
of thinking ‘let’s look for a way to do it’ but instead they panic and
quickly get overwhelmed by life.”
Cox agrees that it is our modern obsession with safety and our
lack of time which are keeping our children so dependent.
10 pont

0512
A can produce a basic meal, read a bus timetable or sew on a button

B panic and quickly get overwhelmed by life
C to teach your child to swim or ride a bike
D housework may be done late at night
E they don’t know how to tackle problems
F in a state of perpetual babydom
G by two nearly 10-year-olds
H doing everything for your children
I building a confident, can-do adult
K the PlayStation or DVD player
L just to impress my father
M how to do things
N can only agree

0512
Task 4
Read this article about the history of fire. The first sentence of each paragraph has been
removed. Your task is to complete the text using sentences from the list below. Write the
letters in the white boxes as in the example.
The burning issue
0) ____________ Not only was it a technological achievement that 0) F

provided humans with a wider choice of food and an extended
geographical range, it was also a sign of intelligence. Keeping a fire
going showed that we could plan ahead, and its presence on dark
nights must have provided a unique focus of social interaction – the
caveman’s equivalent of a modern party.
26) __________ It provided heat and light and scared away 26)
dangerous predators at night. Fire also allowed humans to smoke and
dry fish and meat, offering an early and invaluable form of food
preservation. It also enabled them to experiment with a range of foods
that could not be easily eaten raw or uncooked: the discovery of fire
led to the invention of cooking.
27)
27) __________ Some studies suggest that fire might have been used
as long as 1.4 million years ago. This suggestion comes from the
discovery of lumps of baked clay found together with animal bones
and stone tools at a stone-age site in Kenya. However, some scientists
now believe that a burning tree stump, or even volcanic heating,
might be capable of creating the same effect.
28) __________ Scientists have made these finds at several sites in 28)
Europe, such as Vertesszollos in Hungary and Menez-Dregan in
northwest France.
29) __________ Archaeologists have found fragments of burnt flint 29)
and charred remnants from fruit trees at a site in Israel, where they
believe humans had learnt to control fire as early as 790,000 years
ago, much earlier than previously accepted.
30) __________ It required the realisation that fire consumed fuel,
which led to the logical conclusion that new fuel needed to be added 30)
to keep the fire from going out. Tending a fire also meant that these
primitive human ancestors had to have a concept of the future. They
must have realised that they had to collect firewood long before the
fire went out. It was a true test of intelligent forward planning.
5 pont

0512
A As Peter Gardenfors of Lund University points out in his book, How Homo Became
Sapiens, keeping a fire alive was an insightful art.
B The earliest and strongest evidence of the controlled use of fire using hearths dates to
about 250,000 years ago, with the discovery of charred fragments of bone that must
have been the result of being burnt at relatively high temperatures.
C Yet for all the importance attached to this critical point in human prehistory, there are
wide disparities on the estimates of when exactly the first fire was kindled.
D More recent research, however, has pushed back the date at which fire was definitely
controlled by more than half a million years.
E Fire’s importance cannot be overestimated.
F The discovery and control of fire by our early human ancestors is considered a
milestone in man’s evolution.

0512
Task 1
Read this passage on water traffic in Venice. In the statements that follow the text
some words have been left out. Your task is to fill in the gaps with maximum two
words according to the information in the text. Write the words on the dotted lines.
An example has been given for you.
Gondoliers cut up rough on regatta
Gondoliers have threatened to block Venice’s most popular pageant, the regatta parade
down the Grand Canal, in protest at powerful waves from motorised boats that they claim
the local authorities are doing nothing to stop.
The gondoliers complain that their frail vessels cannot stand the buffeting from an
increase in traffic ranging from the vaporetti water buses to taxis, tour boats and private
launches.
Roberto Luppi, president of the main gondoliers’ association, is canvassing his
colleagues on a plan to halt the regatta, which is held every year on the first Sunday in
September and is broadcast live on Italian television. It begins with a procession of richly
decorated historic boats and is followed by two-oar “gondolini” craft rowed by expert
oarsmen.
“All it would take is 300 or 400 gondolas and the whole regatta would be forced to a
stop. We have to make ourselves heard, not just as gondoliers but as Venetians who defend
their city,” Luppi said.
The debate has been going on for decades. The number of taxis has soared since the
1960s and more recently larger boats – in addition to the regular water buses – have been
allowed to carry up to 100 day-trippers from hotels and camp sites on the mainland into the
heart of Venice.
As they disgorge their passengers they have to keep their engines revving at higher
speeds than regulations permit or be pushed away from the landing stage, and this creates
more turbulence.
Some gondoliers have developed hernias straining to keep their craft upright or to
keep them from crashing into a quay. The gondolas, which used to last up to 25 years, now
have a lifespan nearer 15 years.
The gondoliers want traffic police drafted in to impose speed limits and to catch
boatmen ignoring one-way signs. But Paolo Costa, the mayor, argues that he is already
cracking down on reckless navigation by putting up new signs, deploying more speed traps
and impounding more boats.
írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12

0521
0) The regatta in Venice is in danger of being stopped
by…...…..gondoliers……..… .
1) The gondoliers think that the …………………………………. should do

1
more to protect them from motorised traffic.
2) Roberto Luppi claims their plan to stop the regatta would not just be for
2
themselves but also for …………………………………. .
3) There are many more …………………………….and large boats than

3
some forty or fifty years ago.
4) Larger boats must keep revving their engines while waiting at

4
……………………………. .
5) There is a danger of gondolas being knocked over by the 5
…………………………. caused by these boats. 6

6) The police should stop reckless driving and ensure that drivers follow the
………………………………….. .
6 pont

0521
Task 2
Read these passages from a daily paper and then read the statements following them.
Your task is to decide which passages the statements refer to. Write the appropriate
letters in the white boxes as in the example. Remember that some letters may be needed
twice.
Do you believe in alternative medicine?
A B
As a physicist I accept the For more than four years I have suffered from a
importance of finding out how chronic catarrh and sinus problem. My doctor
things work. As a patient, my prescribed several rounds of antibiotics, which
perspective is different. Some had no effect. I grew increasingly intolerant of
years ago, suffering from the after- foods containing dairy and wheat products. I
effects of shingles, I went back to then had two rounds of surgery, neither of
my GP for stronger painkillers; he which made the slightest difference.
offered me acupuncture and this In April I booked a session in a natural
improved my condition about 50 therapy spa, described my symptoms and had a
per cent. Further treatments diagnosis with a candida infection. I was put
completed the cure. on a strict anti-fungal diet, supported by
homeopathic treatments. In less than three
months my catarrh massively reduced and I
have been able to reintroduce wheat into my
C di
I am a fully qualified holistic
therapist and feel insulted by the
term “alternative medicine”. I D
consider alternative medicine to refer I read with interest the article by Professor
to Chinese herbs and other Raymond Tallis, in which he said that
concoctions. Complementary alternative therapies have no basis in science.
therapies – which include Does this mean that unless science,
reflexology, massage and meditation as we know it today, is unable to qualify the
– are becoming more accepted by the reasons for a turnaround in an individual’s
medical profession. These treatments symptoms then, scientifically, no
can now be found in hospices and improvement occurred? I would agree that
doctors’ surgeries. conventional medicine cannot be
disregarded. But I suffered from a serious
disease for 34 years, and it was alternative
medicine that caused it to regress. Now I
E
There is no such thing as alternative
medicine. There are alternative F
treatments, but these are not medicine,
which is based on empirical knowledge. I know many homeopaths, herbalists
Alternative medicines do not pass and acupuncturists who are minting
scrutiny, and it is therefore unhelpful money from this unregulated
even to use this term. Of course, it suits profession and causing unnecessary
the practitioner to be called alternative harm to the public. It is time the
consultants, because that gives them a Government regulated alternative
false legitimacy and equivalence with medicine.
medical practitioners.
0521
0) This letter was written by a scientist but gives a patient’s viewpoint. 0 A

7) This person objects to the term ‘alternative’ which has negative
7
connotations and suggests that another name should be used.
8) In this particular case the family doctor used an alternative therapy
when conventional therapy wasn’t effective enough. 8
9) This person respects conventional medicine but questions the view that
9
alternative medicine should be rejected on scientific grounds.
10) Physicians and surgeons were unable to cure this person. 10
11) Stricter laws would be needed to protect people from bogus
11
practitioners.
12) The writer of this letter says ‘alternative medicine’ doesn’t deserve
12
the name ‘medicine’.
13) Many alternative practitioners are interested only in financial gain. 13
14) Conventional medicine does not reject all forms of holistic medicine. 14
8 pont

0521
Task 3
Read this passage about a new type of charity work, and then read the statements
following it. Your task is to decide if the statements correspond to what the article says.
• If they say the same as the article, mark them A.
• If they say something different, mark them B.
• If what they say is not mentioned in the article, mark them C.
Write the letters in the white boxes. There is an example for you.
Executives volunteer their hard-nosed business skills
Entrepreneurs, top executives and City professionals are paying £1,000 a year for the
privilege of being a member of the Pilotlight Club, a charity that matches talented
businesspeople with small charities that need their particular skills and expertise.
The club, which has 100 members, was started on 16 June 2003 by Jane Tewson, one
of the co-founders of Comic Relief, to harness the business skills of volunteers to help 12
promising charities, both new and established.
The minimum effort required from members is just two hours’ voluntary work a
month, which appeals to busy executives who want to give more than money but cannot make
an open-ended commitment.
This was ideal for Garret Turley, a 36-year-old vet who bought his first surgery with a
friend in 1998. Now their Pet Doctors chain comprises 23 surgeries around the South East,
and turned over £9 million last year.
“I wanted to help people who hadn’t had the same good fortune as myself, but I didn’t
want to spend Saturday afternoons shaking a box collecting money outside Sainsbury’s,” he
says. “This is flexible, you can be upfront about what you can and can’t do, and it’s focused.
You’re going in, doing a job and getting out.“
Sam Berwick, 43, who is a managing director of Mizuho International, the investment
banking arm of Japan’s biggest bank, agrees: “Pilotlight gave me an opportunity to make
more than a financial difference.”
Pilotlight’s charities are as varied as the executives working for them. For example,
Headway helps young men with acquired brain injuries to readjust to family and working life,
while the TreeHouse Trust educates children with autism. Praxis works with refugees, asylum
seekers and migrants.
Pilotlight carefully matches its volunteers to the charity they can best assist after a
thorough assessment of the charity’s needs. Fiona Halton, the managing director of Pilotlight,
estimates that the volunteers have given more than £100,000 in professional advice over the
past year.

0521
0) In return for an annual fee, Pilotlight Club finds its members some
unpaid work. 0 A
15) Pilotlight wants members to work for two hours or more every
month. 15
16) Being a busy man, Garret Turley finds the terms of the club suit
him. 16
17) His friend and Pet Doctors partner is more interested in money
than he is. 17
18) Being a banker, Sam Berwick wants to help people by giving

them money. 18
19) Praxis helps people, often from developing countries, who want
to live and work in Britain. 19
20) Over the past year Pilotlight volunteers have donated a huge sum
20
of money (over £100,000) to various charities.
6 pont

0521
Task 4
In this passage on budget flights some words have been left out. Your task is to fill in the
gaps from the list below the text. Write the letters in the white boxes as in the example.
Remember that there are two extra letters that you do not need.
The end of the 99p come-on?
Ryanair has been warned that it could face court action if it persists in
misleading customers with promotions such as its current one, which claims
to have flights for 99p although the actual return fair, (0) ________ can be 0 G
as much as £63.85.
Last week, the Trading Standards Institute
(www.tradingstandards.gov.uk) pledged that, in future, it would (21)
________ all mandatory fees in the headline website prices. If any carrier 21
fails to do so, it could (22)________, face unlimited fines and be forced to 22
comply.
Usually, the TSI acts only on customer complaint but, in this case, it
intends to (23) ________ itself because it believes this is such a serious 23
national problem. It has said that no-frills carriers such as Ryanair and
24
EasyJet will (24) ________ . “This practice has got to stop. Customers want
transparency and they are not (25) ________. It is time they stopped 25
misleading the public,” said the TSI. It is also (26) ________ who feel they 26
have been duped on pricing to contact their local trading standards office.
Although it does not name Ryanair, the TSI cited as an example of
(27) ________ a recent offer of “one million seats from 99p”. It claims that,
in one instance, by the time compulsory charges were added, the fare ended 27
up costing £63.85.
28
Ryanair countered: “They are obviously (28) ________ our
promotion. There is no way prices were up to £63.85 – the maximum we
could find was £16.74. We don’t believe we are misleading anyone and are
not going to (29) ________ that puts us at a competitive disadvantage.” 29
What Ryanair fails to mention is that the 99p deals may only (30) ________
30
one way. To get back home might cost you considerably more.

0521
A be available
B be taken to court
C come under particular scrutiny
D do anything
E force airlines to include
F getting it from airlines
G including taxes and charges
H leaving passengers to
I misleading advertising
K monitor websites
L referring to
M say they would
N urging travellers
This is the end of this part of the exam. 10 pont

0521
Azonosító
Angol nyelv — emelt szint jel:
Task 1
Read this article about business managers. Some words have been removed from the
text. Your task is to fill in the gaps (1-7) from the list below. Write the letters into the
white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0). Remember that there are two
extra letters that you do not need.
Bullying in the workplace
We have all worked in companies where a manager’s behaviour and integrity leave much to
be desired. A recent survey of British employees reveals that (0) ____________________
“ruled by fear”, “were bullies”, “were opinionated and arrogant”, “were dishonest and
devious”, “would blame their staff” or “were scared ‘Yes men’ who wouldn’t rock the boat”.
In fact (1) ____________________ how these people ever got senior management roles in
the first place. According to a joint study by Fairplace, specialists in career and talent
management, and Cass Business School, (2) ____________________ can affect your boss’s
behaviour. As people move into senior positions they often find themselves outside their
comfort zone − they are confronted with unfamiliar issues
(3) ____________________ and a high degree of uncertainty, along with the pressure of
having to make big decisions that are very “visible” in the sense that
(4) ____________________ who carries the can. Therefore managers can feel even more
stressed and isolated if (5) ____________________ rather than harnessing their support and
talent.
In order to improve the negative behaviour of (6) ____________________ , Cindy
Mahoney from Fairplace suggests senior management should:
a) explain to bullying managers what types of behaviour are unacceptable;
b) show them that (7) ____________________ is not an effective strategy for success;
c) give them coaching to help them choose more suitable behaviour.
írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12 2008. október 27.

0819
Azonosító
0) G
A it is clear to all
B their management style 1)
C employees are often left wondering

2)
D they turn their team off
3)
E inefficient bosses criticised
F special to business schools

4)
G many feel their bosses

5)
H these kinds of managers
I a number of factors 6)
K above their level of expertise

7)
7 pont

0819
Azonosító
Task 2
Read this article about a liberal school in New York City and then read the sentences
following it.
• Mark a sentence A if it is true according to the article.
• Mark it B if it is false.
• Mark it C if there isn’t enough information in the text to say if it is true or not.
Write your answers in the white boxes next to the numbers (8-17) as in the example (0).
Students rule at this New York school
One recent day at the Brooklyn Free School, the ''schedule'' included the following: horror
movies, chess and making caves for Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Not that the students had
to go to any of these sessions. At this school, students don't get grades, don't have homework,
don't take tests, and don't even have to go to class unless they want to.
''You can do basically anything at any time, and it's just a lot more fun because
sometimes when you need a break at regular schools you can't get it,'' said Sophia Bennett
Holmes, 12, an aspiring singer-actress-fashion designer.
''Free schools,'' which had their flowering decades ago, operate on the belief that
children are naturally curious and learn best when they want to, not when they are forced to.
Today, the approach is getting another look from some parents and students tired of
standardized testing, excessive homework, and overly rigid curriculums in traditional
education.
At the Brooklyn Free School, much of the decision-making occurs in a compulsory
weekly gathering. Here, students can air grievances, pose challenges and propose rules. Even
the youngest kids have a vote equal to staffers. One agreed-upon rule? No sword-fighting
allowed inside.
Even among some champions of alternative education, free schools are considered a
bit too radical. ''You don't throw the baby out with the bath water,'' said Jeanne Allen,
president of the Center for Education Reform. ''You don't get rid of all structure and standards
if you want your child to be able to deal with all different settings.'' Others say free schools
could gain popularity if the emphasis on testing and regimented curriculums keeps up in
traditional schools.
But what about the basics? Long division, spelling, algebra? Is it enough to let a child
decide when to learn those things? That troubles a few parents who use outside tutors for their
children. Others disagree, noting most adults can barely remember, or rarely use, most of
what schools pounded into them.
Students at this school will eventually have to meet a set of graduation ''requirements,''
where they must present a portfolio showing proficiency in areas such as communication,
investigation and reflection.
But the definition of proficiency, like much of the school, is flexible.

0819
Azonosító
0) Students are allowed to watch films at the Brooklyn Free School. 0) A
8) Whichever it is, students have to choose one of the activities offered by 8)

the school.
9) Free schools started less than ten years ago. 9)
10) Some people are unhappy with the fact that students can't avoid 10)
studying certain subjects at traditional schools.
11) Students can miss the weekly meeting if they want to. 11)
12) Teachers don't have more power than students when it comes to making 12)
decisions at the school meeting.
13) School meetings are usually held on the first day of the week. 13)
14) Ms. Allen is a firm believer in traditional education. 14)
15) Some people believe that free schools could become more fashionable if
they set students demanding tests. 15)
16) Some of the parents at the Brooklyn school believe that people don't 16)
remember the things they learnt at school very well.
17) Students are not assessed in any way when they leave the Brooklyn Free 17)
School.
10 pont

0819
Azonosító
Task 3
Read this text about diamonds and then read the sentences (18-22) following it. Your
task is to decide which of the options A, B, C or D best completes each sentence so that it
corresponds to the information in the text. Write the letters in the white boxes next to
the numbers as in the example (0).
Blood diamond
Conflict diamonds, also known as blood diamonds, are diamonds that are used by rebel
groups to fuel conflict and civil wars. They have financed brutal conflicts in Africa that have
resulted in the death and displacement of millions of people. Diamonds have also been used
by terrorist groups such as al-Qaeda to fund their activities and for money-laundering
purposes.
Before the premier of the movie Blood Diamond, leading human rights organizations
Global Witness and Amnesty International, along with other experts, warned that blood
diamonds are still a problem and called on the public to urge governments, especially the U.S.
government, and the diamond industry to strengthen diamond-monitoring systems. They also
ask consumers to demand written guarantees from retailers that their jewellery contains no
conflict diamonds. “Right now there is no way of ensuring 100 percent that the diamond in
your engagement ring is conflict free,” said C. Gooch, Executive Director of Global Witness.
“But consumers can change this, by taking a firm stand.”
Dramatic undercover footage, released before the film’s premier by a UK company in
association with Insight News TV, showed New York diamond dealers eager and willing to
buy diamonds with no accompanying paperwork to confirm that they are not blood diamonds.
The film Blood Diamond is set against the backdrop of civil war and chaos in 1990’s
Sierra Leone, and is the story of Archer, a South African mercenary, and Solomon, a Mende
fisherman. Both men are African, but their histories are as different as can be, until their fates
become joined in a common search to recover a rare pink diamond that can transform their
lives. While in prison for smuggling, Archer learns that Solomon − who was taken from his
family to work in the diamond fields − has found and hidden the extraordinary rough stone.
With the help of Maddy, an American journalist, the two men set off on a journey through
rebel territory, a journey that could save Solomon’s family and give Archer a chance he
thought he would never have.
“A film can be an incredibly powerful means of inspiring people to take action,” said
Amy O’Meara of Amnesty International. “What Blood Diamond illustrates is that even a
small percentage of conflict stones can have tragic consequences.”
Global Witness and Amnesty International work to highlight the links between the
exploitation of natural resources, conflict and corruption. Global Witness was co-nominated
for the 2003 Nobel Peace Prize for its work in campaigning against conflict diamonds and for
setting up an international diamond certification scheme.

0819
Azonosító
0) Blood diamonds 0) C
A) are weapons used by African rebel groups.
B) have been used to buy petrol for tanks in Africa.
C) finance violent conflicts and terrorism.
D) are created by money-laundering.
18) Global Witness think ordinary people 18)

A) can do nothing to solve the problem of blood diamonds.
B) as well as politicians should take steps to curb the problem.
C) are in the hands of the diamond industry and trade.
D) rather than governments are the key to solving this problem.
19) Hidden cameras used in New York showed 19)

A) the dramatic life of diamond traders.
B) dealers refusing to complete documents.
C) traders buying what could be blood diamonds.
D) a UK agent eager to sell diamonds.
20) The film Blood Diamond 20)

A) is about the lives of two African men.
B) is set in a South African prison.
C) ends with Solomon being saved.
D) shows how the diamond is recovered.
21) Films 21)

A) are sometimes powerful motivators.
B) can have awful consequences.
C) give a distorted picture of reality.
D) try to capitalise on human tragedies.
22) Global Witness 22)

A) has won the Nobel Peace Prize.
B) is a branch of Amnesty International.
C) exploits natural resources.
D) works for stricter controls.
5 pont

0819
Azonosító
Task 4
Read this article on a golfing record. Some parts of sentences have been removed from
the text. Your task is to fill the gaps from the list (A-L). Write the appropriate letters in
the white boxes next to the numbers (23-30) as in the example (0). Remember that there
are two more letters than you need.
Cosmonaut prepares for golf stunt
A Russian cosmonaut is preparing to hit a golf ball during a spacewalk outside the
International Space Station (ISS)
Flight engineer Mikhail Tyurin will knock a lightweight ball off a tee, (0) ______ . A
Canadian golf club maker is paying the Russian space agency an undisclosed sum for Tyurin's
time. Nasa held up the stunt for months while safety experts checked possible flight paths to
make sure the ball would not head back towards the space station.
"I play ice hockey and my understanding is (23) ______ ," said Mr Tyurin, who has
been taking many practice swings to brush up his technique ahead of the shot, (24) ______ .
Responding to questions about the safety, the flight engineer replied: "There is no
question: it's safe." Nasa flight director Holly Ridings added: "Of course the crew is taking
this very, very seriously (25) ______ . There is absolutely no danger of re-contact with the
space station."
Federal law bars the US space agency from getting any money for its involvement.
Mr Tyurin, who has been aboard the station since September, isn't expected to hit the
ball hard, (26) ______ . The ball itself weighs just 4.5g (0.16 ounce) instead of the standard-
issue 45g (1.6 ounce) ball. The Russian has to make the shot one-handed (27) ______ .
Station commander Michael Lopez-Alegria, (28) ______ , will help set up a camera to
film the shot for an upcoming television commercial. Tyurin's drive is expected to be one for
the record books, (29) ______ . Nasa figures it will fall into Earth's atmosphere and be
incinerated within three days. The Toronto-based golf club maker, called Element 21 Golf,
(30) ______ , is betting on three years.
During the Apollo 14 moon mission in 1971, US astronaut Alan Shepard hit a golf ball
from the lunar surface and boasted that it travelled "miles and miles" in the low-gravity
atmosphere.

0819
Azonosító
0) C
A so they've been doing a lot of practice
B that I can do it like a professional 23)
C which will be placed above the ISS's Russian docking port
D which is paying for the orbital golf shot 24)
E who is accompanying Tyurin during the spacewalk

25)
F which will be carried out during a space walk on Wednesday
G who is going to follow the events from his home in Colorado
26)
H that it is very similar
I though not everyone agrees on how long the ball will fly 27)
K because his bulky spacesuit prevents him from bringing his hands
together 28)
L just tap it with the club

29)
30)
8 pont
This is the end of this part of the exam.

0819
Angol nyelv Azonosító
emelt szint jel:
Task 1
• In this article some parts of sentences have been left out.
• Your task is to reconstruct the text by filling in the gaps
(1-9) from the list (A-N) below as shown in the example (0).
• Remember that there are three extra phrases that you do not
need.
WHAT'S IN THE QUEEN'S HANDBAG?
The British monarch has an extraordinary collection of more than 150 bags, (0) ________ . She
does not carry money, credit cards, car keys or a passport, so what does she put in them? The
answers are in many cases quite surprising!
The first thing that the Queen tends to pull out at meals is an S-shaped meat hook. She places
it on the table's edge and hangs up the bag. It means that (1) ________ and the Queen can open
it without any fuss.
Queen Elizabeth has always been superstitious, and carries with her at all times an amazing
array of good luck charms, (2) ________ . They are mainly on an animal theme: horses,
miniature dogs and tiny brass saddles and whips. She also carries photographs of her family,
and (3) ________ ̶ a factor contributing to the size of the bags.
She is never without a small camera and has frequently astonished world statesmen by
(4) ________ and asking them to pose for the family album. Her Majesty hates wasting time or
being bored, so she carries two or three crosswords, (5) ________ by her staff, with her at all
times. Add in a mirror, diary and address book, sun glasses, reading glasses and, believe it or
not, a pen knife, and it can be seen that (6) ________ .
Why does the Queen carry her large handbag everywhere, even to the breakfast table? Dr
Dennis Friedman, a psychologist, thinks that despite being one of the most wealthy and best-
loved women in the world she still clings to her handbag for security and comfort. The only
time (7) ________ is at her Scottish Castle Balmoral, where she feels most secure, happy and
relaxed.
Another royal watcher believes the Queen's handbag serves a much more practical purpose.
At lunches and dinner parties the guests are told beforehand that when the Queen places her
bag on the table, (8) ________ . They are to ask no further questions and must prepare for her
to leave.
On walkabouts the Queen is determined never to give one person more than thirty seconds
of conversation. If she finds that (9) ________ , she drops her bag to the side in a certain way.
A lady in waiting will then appear and take up the conversation, so that the Queen can move
on. It is a very polite and civilised way of doing things, and it works.
(Royal Life)
1712 írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12 2017. május 11.

emelt szint jel:
0) C
A) no ordinary bag will do
B) watch out for these signals 1)
C) many of which are more than 50 years old

2)
D) one person is taking too much time

3)
E) using her bag to indicate her wishes
F) suddenly producing one from the bag 4)
G) it is at easily reached waist level 5)
H) normally cut out of top British newspapers

6)
I) given to her by her children and her grandchildren
7)
K) surrounded by memories of her happy childhood
L) doggie choc drops for her beloved pets 8)
M) she abandons her bag

9)
N) the event is at a close
9 pont

emelt szint jel:
Task 2
• Read this text about how newspaper articles are often
structured and then read the half sentences following it.
• Your task is to match the half sentences based on the
information in the text.
• Write the letters (A-K) in the white boxes next to the
numbers (10-15) as in the example (0).
• Remember there are three extra letters you do not need.
SECRETS OF THE PYRAMID
The inverted pyramid is a writing technique used in news stories. It's called a pyramid writing
style but it's easier to think of it as an upside down triangle with the point at the bottom and the
flat edge at the top.
With news or short non-fiction writing, the flat edge is your start and the point is your end.
With an inverted pyramid, you start with your entire news story in the first paragraph. If
someone only reads that, they must still get the whole story. For an example, look at any
newspaper and especially at breaking news stories. The first paragraph gives you all the
essential facts, and each successive paragraph is less and less important.
Pyramid writing was allegedly invented to solve a specific technological problem that faced
newspapers in their earliest days.
Writers would type their stories on paper and send them via the editor to the composing team.
Designers there would use scissors to trim the paper and then assemble all the stories on one
larger piece. This was genuine cutting and pasting and it is where we get that term from.
Every writer would have been given a length to write to and probably every writer exceeded
it. But even if they all wrote exactly to the length they were given, a late piece of news would
break that was more urgent and had to go on the front page.
Then the other stories would hang over the bottom of the page and there was no option: the
composing designers had to physically chop the end off. This always happened at the last
minute, it was always up against print deadlines, so there was never time to have great editorial
debates about where exactly to cut.
So we got the pyramid idea. If you write in this manner, then a designer can slap your copy
on the page and, without even reading it, know where to cut. The ideal is to keep the complete
story but they know they can simply chop off the last paragraph. And then the one before that.
And the one before that.
If they end up with just a headline and one single paragraph, the story still works. It was a
straight technical requirement but the result is the core style of every printed newspaper you've
ever read.
(UK Writing Magazine)

emelt szint jel:
0) C
0) In spite of the headline the article is A) a couple of years.
10) The structure of a news story can be B) capital letters. 10)

likened to
11) In news stories key information is C) not about pyramids. 11)
given in
12) The technique was invented to deal D) a newspaper. 12)
with
13) The computer term "cut and paste" E) the given length. 13)
goes back
14) Articles sent in rarely kept to F) some basic 14)
questions.
15) Scissors were often applied when G) an inverted triangle. 15)
putting together
H) a practical problem.
I) the first part.
K) a long time.
6 pont

emelt szint jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about a new invention and then read the
statements (16-22) following it.
• Your task is to decide whether the statements are true or false
according to the text.
• Mark it C if there is not enough information in the text to decide
if it is true or not.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the
example (0).
SELF-CLEAN COATING COULD SPELL THE END OF WASHDAYS
Cars that never need washing, clothes that repel stains and windows that clean themselves are
just three potential applications for a revolutionary new "paint" that never gets dirty, scientists
have said.
The self-cleaning coating can be applied to soft materials such as cloth and paper as well as
hard surfaces made of glass or steel. It keeps on repelling dirt even after being rubbed with
sandpaper or scratched with a knife.
Studies show that surfaces that have been coated with the titanium-dioxide paint become
super-repellent to water and oil, with liquid forming spheres that simply roll away, carrying
dust and dirt with them.
Clothing soaked in the water-repellent liquid effectively becomes waterproof and tests have
shown that inky stains can simply be shaken off the fabrics.
"Being waterproof allows materials to self-clean as water forms ball-shaped droplets that roll
over the surface, acting like miniature vacuum-cleaners picking up dirt, viruses and bacteria
along the way," said Yao Lu, a member of the research team at University College London.
Details of the self-cleaning coating were published last night in the journal Science by a team
led by Professor Ivan Parkin, head of chemistry at UCL. He has specialised in self-cleaning
technology based on surfaces that are super-hydrophobic ̶ highly repellent to water. "It makes
surfaces so super-hydrophobic that it causes water to form marble-shaped droplets that roll
away," Professor Parkin wrote.
The hydrophobic tendency of the titanium-dioxide paint is so strong that when the bottoms
of toy boats were coated with it they floated higher in the water. If the same coating could be
applied to the hulls of full-size ships they would need between 10 and 15 per cent less fuel,
Professor Parkin said.
(The Independent)

emelt szint jel:
0) The new "paint" is already widely used in the car industry. 0) B
16) The new coating can be applied to a range of materials. 16)
17) Rubbing or scraping the surface will remove the paint's special 17)
properties.
18) Water runs off these surfaces, leaving them clean. 18)
19) Yao Lu said tiny vacuum cleaners were used in the research. 19)
20) A large team at UCL has been involved in the research. 20)
21) Professor Parkin talked to journalists about titanium-dioxide at UCL. 21)
22) The professor listed a number of potential industrial uses for the paint. 22)
7 pont

emelt szint jel:
Task 4
 Read this article about an interesting English tradition and
then read the gapped sentences.
 Your task is to complete the sentences by filling the gaps
(23-28) with one word only giving relevant information from
the text.
 Write your answers on the lines.
 An example (0) has been given for you.
EGG THROWING CONTEST CLAIMS CENTURIES-OLD TRADITION
"Caution!!!!!! Flying Eggs!" warns a sign on a field in the English village of Swaton, host on
Sunday to the annual World Egg Throwing Championships.
Drawing hundreds of competitors and cheering spectators, it's a messy game claiming a
700-year history and a popularity that is illustrated by “egg-streme” puns.
Teams of two line up on the grass to try to throw and catch eggs without breaking the shell.
Starting at 10 meters (11 yards) apart, the "tosser" throws an egg to a teammate, the "catcher".
After each successful catch they spread further apart.
The winning team is the one that completes a catch over the furthest distance, with no breakage.
This year it was Richard Gutsell and Michael Speakman.
"It was tough ... We had a downward wind and that helped an awful lot, but it's mainly thanks
to him because if you can't throw it that far you can't catch it," Speakman said of thrower
Gutsell.
The World Egg Throwing Federation, set up in 2004, believes the game originated around 1322
when an abbot in the Lincolnshire village, the only person who had chickens, encouraged
church attendance by giving locals a reward of one egg.
When the river flooded and prevented parishioners from attending Mass, monks are said to have
thrown the eggs over to them, according to the Federation.
There are several disciplines at the contest, such as Egg Throwing, Russian Egg Roulette, Egg
Static Relay, Egg Catapult and Egg Target Throwing.
In Russian Egg Roulette, which is a great favourite with spectators, two players sit facing each
other, taking it in turn to pick from six eggs, one of which is raw, and smash them on their
foreheads. Whoever avoids the uncooked one is declared winner.
"At first people don't really know what to make of it ... but as they take part, listen in and see
people's reactions they really buy in," event compere John Deptford said.
(reuters.com)

emelt szint jel:
0) The World Egg Throwing Championships are held every year . 0)
23) A number of funny plays on ____________ are associated with this widely
23)
known contest.
24) As the competition progresses, the ____________ between the teammates 24)
increases.
25) Winning the championship depends on only ____________ basic criteria. 25)
26) One of this year’s winners conceded that it was the ____________ in the 26)
pair who was mainly responsible for their success.
27) It all started in the Middle Ages when people in the village received a(n) 27)
____________ in exchange for going to church.
28) In Russian Egg Roulette the loser is the person who picks 28)
the ____________ egg.
6 pont

Angol nyelv — emelt szint Azonosító
jel:
Task 1
• Read this text about the history of high heeled shoes and
then read the sentences that follow.
• For each number (1-5) choose the option (A-D) that best
summarises the given paragraph.
• Write the letters in the white boxes as in the example (0).
WHY DID MEN STOP WEARING HIGH HEELS?
Even their most ardent fans wouldn't claim high heels were practical. They are not good for
hiking or driving. They get stuck in things. And high heels don't tend to be very comfortable.
It is almost as though they weren't designed for walking in.
Originally, they weren't. The high heel was worn for centuries throughout the Near East as
a form of riding footwear. Good horsemanship was essential to the fighting styles of Persia –
the historical name for modern-day Iran. When a soldier stood up in his stirrups, the heels
helped him to secure his stance so that he could use his bow and arrow more effectively.
At the end of the 16th century, the Persian Shah was keen to forge links with rulers in
Europe. So he sent a diplomatic mission to the courts of Russia, Germany and Spain. A wave
of interest in all things Persian passed through Western Europe, and Persian-style shoes were
enthusiastically adopted by aristocrats.
In the muddy streets of 17th century Europe, these new shoes had no utility value
whatsoever – but that was the point. The upper classes have always used impractical,
uncomfortable and luxurious clothing to announce their privileged status. Louis XIV of
France, who stood 1.63m, supplemented his height by a further 10cm with heels.
The heels and soles were always red – the dye was expensive and carried a martial
overtone. The fashion soon spread overseas – Charles II of England's coronation portrait of
1661 features him wearing a pair of enormous red, French-style heels – although he was over
1.85m to begin with.
In the 18th century the Enlightenment brought with it a new respect for the rational and
useful, and men's fashion shifted towards more practical clothing. High heels came to be seen
as foolish and effeminate. By 1740 men had stopped wearing them altogether.
(bbc.com)

1512
jel:
0) A) You have to be a fan to say high heels are practical. 0) C

B) If well made, high heels can be quite comfortable.
C) The main point about high heels is not their practicality.
D) Well designed shoes with heels are suited to most occasions.
1) A) Horsemen in the Near East have worn high heels for centuries.
1)
B) High heels were originally worn by horsemen in the Near East.
C) The high heel was an essential fashion item in Persia.
D) Persian soldiers were the best horsemen of the time.
2) A) At one time, anything Persian was regarded as fashionable in Europe. 2)

B) In the 16th century people travelled widely between east and west.
C) The Persian Shah sent expensive shoes as presents to European monarchs.
D) In Europe it became fashionable for aristocrats to wear shoes made in Persia.
3) A) In the 17th century people preferred impractical but luxurious clothes. 3)

B) If you wore high heels, walking in muddy streets was less tiresome.
C) Those of a higher social status have always dressed to show off their rank.
D) Shorter people, like Louis XIV, liked high heels to add to their height.
4) A) The price of the red dye was too high even for aristocrats. 4)
B) High-ranking diplomats in European courts wore high heels.
C) The fashion of wearing high heels reached England quite quickly.
D) A very tall man, Charles II only wore high heels on special occasions.
5) A) In the 18th century only women with bad reputations wore high heels. 5)
B) In 1740 new laws were passed banning high heeled shoes altogether.
C) Despite its rationality, the Enlightenment had little effect on fashion.
D) The rational attitudes of the Enlightenment influenced the way people
dressed.
5 pont

1512
jel:
Task 2
• In this article about some toys lost at sea some phrases
are missing.
• Your task is to fill in the gaps (6-13) from the list (A-M)
below.
• Write the letters into the white boxes next to the
numbers as in the example (0).
• Remember that there are three extra letters that you do
not need.
MAPPED: THE BEACHES WHERE LEGO WASHES UP
The story of millions of Lego pieces washing up on beaches still attracts huge interest
and the list of places (0) __________ is still growing.
Beachcomber Tracey Williams has been picking up Lego along the southwest coastline of
England ever since a cargo ship accidentally dumped millions of the toy pieces into the sea in
1997. She set up a Facebook page as late as 2014 (6) __________ and dozens of people have
in fact got in touch about the drifting toy pieces from various Lego sets
(7) __________ .
Most pieces have been found around Cornwall, says Williams. "From what I've been
told, (8) __________ ." One example was a fisherman from a neighbouring town who often
brings up Lego. The items caught in his nets, (9) __________ , also include toy roof tiles,
door frames, seaweed and a lot of bricks. Brighton, (10) __________ , is the furthest
confirmed report from England's south-eastern coastline. But some of the sightings have come
from much further afield.
It all started (11) __________ from the Tokio Express container ship in a storm off the
southwest coast of England in 1997. Williams says that (12) __________ , for example, in
Kerry, Ireland, where an octopus matching those lost from the Tokio Express was found
around 2007. Also, someone took some Lego pieces to a beachcombers' fair in the United
States (13) __________ . In a recently published scientific report oceanographers admit that
the claim for this latest find may be true, but they add: "Although it matches the drift pattern,
it's hard to know for sure."
(bbc.co.uk)

1512
jel:
A) and claimed they had been found in the Netherlands
B) some 300 miles to the east 0) C
C) where the toys have been spotted 6)
D) which is confirmed by experts 7)
E) finds have been made abroad too 8)
F) and it may be affected by weather conditions 9)
G) when 4.8 million Lego toy parts fell overboard 10)
H) to raise the lost Lego container from the seabed 11)
I) to contact people with similar finds

12)
K) which are still coming up today

13)
L) this is a hotspot for pirate figures and octopuses
M) that they have spotted during beach walks in most cases
8 pont

1512
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about the worst ever typhoon in the

Philippines and then read the incomplete sentences
(14-22) following it.
• Your task is to find the right endings (A-N) for the
sentences based on relevant information in the text.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the
numbers as in the example (0).
• There are three extra letters that you do not need.
TYPHOON HAIYAN:
The man and the boy who saved each other
Flight Lieutenant Carangan of the Philippine Air Force knew that a storm was coming and got
his men up early to secure equipment at Tacloban airport. Soon the wind became too strong,
and they retreated indoors. But then the water started flooding the airport building ˗ and when
it surged quickly above waist height, they knew something was seriously wrong.
Carangan and his men punched a hole through the ceiling and climbed up on to the roof. "I
told my men to hold on to any piece of equipment that might help them float. And then
suddenly, the walls of the building gave way."
Carangan clung to a large triangular wooden beam that had supported the roof. He was
swept past familiar buildings and eventually bumped into a coconut tree. "When I looked up, I
saw a young boy clinging on the tree. I was afraid the rising water would soon reach him, so I
told him to climb down, hang on to the wood, hold on tight and never let it go."
The trick was balancing their makeshift raft. Hanging on to one side of the wood, Carangan
used his body weight to keep the seven-year-old above water. "The boy was lying face down
on one side of the triangle. I tried to push my side downwards so that the boy's side would be
popping out of the sea so that he could breathe."
The two of them spent the next six hours being tossed and turned by the force of the waves.
They did not know where they were, what direction they were travelling in, or how long they
were there for. As the boy started to develop signs of hypothermia, Carangan tried to keep
him awake by talking to him. He found out his name ˗ Miguel ˗ his age and a bit about his
family. But he spent most of his time thinking of his own three sons and praying. "I asked
God to look after my family if I'm gone."
And then Carangan saw the shape of a mountain. He told the boy they were near land. He
started swimming, holding tightly onto the wood until they reached the beach. Once on land,
he handed the boy over to a policeman, making sure he would get dry clothes, water and food,
and that the authorities would try and reunite him with his family.
Two weeks later the boy came to see him in Tacloban, together with his mother. When she
tried to thank him, he explained that he himself felt grateful to him. "I told her I should be the
one thanking Miguel, because I believe that if it were not for him, I might not have made it.
To help him to survive, I needed to be strong also. I believe he somehow gave me the energy
to hold on and to survive."
(www.bbc.com)

1512
jel:
0) C
0) Carangan, an air force A) gave his men life-saving

officer, instructions. 14)
14) The force of the wind B) managed to keep the
boy's head above water.
15) The swiftly rising water C) knew what had to be 15)
done before the storm.
16) When they climbed up on D) saw the material tossed
the roof, Carangan by the waves. 16)
17) Seeing the boy clinging on E) made it impossible to
a tree, Carangan work outside.
18) By pushing down his side F) thought of placing the 17)
of the beam, he boy in safe hands.
19) To stop Miguel losing G) owed his survival to
consciousness, he Miguel. 18)
20) During most of their ordeal H) kept asking him

Carangan questions.
21) After their escape I) got a lift to the airport 19)
Carangan first station.
22) He was convinced that, in K) thought of his own sons
a way, he and prayed. 20)
L) concentrated on the
airport building.
21)
M) alerted them to the
extent of the danger.
N) knew it was too risky for
him to stay there. 22)
9 pont

1512
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about a history book and then read the
statements (23-30) that follow.
• Your task is to decide whether the statements are true or not
• Mark it C if there is not enough information in the text to
decide if it is true or not.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers as in
the example (0).
THE WILL TO SURVIVE: A HISTORY OF HUNGARY
The Will to Survive, written by Bryan Cartledge, historian, diplomat and Oxford academic, is
the first comprehensive history of Hungary to be published in English by a non-Hungarian
since C.A. Macartney's Hungary: A Short History (Edinburgh, 1962). It is also the first
history of Hungary to be written by an author who had been British Ambassador to that
country, had witnessed the events which he records in the book's closing chapters, and had
known many of the Hungarians who took part in them. Sir Bryan Cartledge first came to
Hungary in the 1970s and served as British ambassador to Hungary in 1980-83. He holds
diplomas in the Hungarian language from the University of Westminster (UK) and University
of Debrecen (Hungary), and is thoroughly familiar with great works of Hungarian literature,
having read most in the original.
The book combines narrative with analysis and comment and covers the political,
economic, social and cultural history of Hungary from the westward migration of the Magyar
tribes and their occupation of the Carpathian Basin to the entry of a democratic Hungarian
state into the NATO Alliance and the European Union. No previous history written from the
perspective of a non-Hungarian has attempted such a comprehensive approach, which
balances accounts of the tragedies which have befallen this small nation with appreciation of
its cultural achievements. The Will to Survive should become the standard history of Hungary
in English, to be read both for general interest and for reference.
Described as "the best history of Hungary in the English language" by the eminent
Hungarian-American historian John Lukacs, The Will to Survive is deeply researched and
beautifully written. It traces Hungarian history through centuries of medieval greatness,
Turkish occupation, Hapsburg domination and unsuccessful struggles for independence. It
describes the massive loss of territory and population after the First World War, the fatal
alliance with Nazi Germany motivated by the hope of compensation for the Treaty of
Trianon, and forty years of Soviet-imposed Communism after the Second World War
interrupted by a heroic but brutally suppressed revolution in 1956.
The book was first published in 2006 on the 50th anniversary of the Revolution of 1956,
reprinted several times both in hardcover and paperback, and first published in Hungarian in
2008.
(www.goodreads.com)

1512
jel:
0) The Will to Survive is the first English-language history of Hungary since 0) B
1962.
23)
23) Cartledge looks at Hungarians with a more sympathetic eye than
Macartney.
24)
24) Cartledge wrote the book while serving as British ambassador to Hungary.
25) His command of the language has enabled him to appreciate literary works 25)
written in Hungarian.
26)
26) As a diplomat, he had access to archives that were closed to ordinary
historians.
27)
27) The Will to Survive is recommended both for its readability and for its
accuracy.
28)
28) In writing his book, Cartledge made use of a wide range of sources.
29) John Lukacs, whose opinion is cited, is an outstanding historian. 29)
30) Writing about the 1956 Revolution Cartledge pays special attention to the
30)
role of international diplomacy.

1512
jel:
Task 1
• Read this article about how to think differently and then read the sentences (1-8)
following it.
• Mark it C if there isn’t enough information in the text to decide if the sentence is
true or not.
• Write your answers in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
FLIP-THINKING − THE NEW BUZZ WORD SWEEPING THE US
A teacher is getting his pupils to do their homework during the day and watch his lectures on
YouTube at night − turning standard practices on their head can also benefit business.
In today’s classrooms many schoolchildren will see smartboards instead of chalkboards, and
they’ll turn in their assignments online rather than on paper. But the rhythm of their actual
days will be much the same as when their parents and grandparents sat in those same seats
back in the 20th century.
During class time, the teacher will stand at the front of the room and hold forth on the
day’s topic. Then, as the period ends, he or she will give students a clutch of work to do at
home.
But one American teacher is taking a different approach. Karl Fisch, a teacher of
algebra at a high school in Denver, Colorado, has flipped the sequence. He’s recorded his
lectures on video and uploaded them to YouTube for his students to watch at home. Then, in
class, he works with students as they solve problems and experiment with the concepts.
Lectures at home, “homework” in the classroom. Call it the Fisch Flip.
The Fisch Flip offers a lesson in innovation for organisations of every kind. Consider
the publishing industry. It is typical for publishers to launch a book by issuing a pricey
hardcover, and then, after a year or so, following it up with a less expensive paperback.
Flipping the sequence, i.e. putting out a cheap paperback or even an e-book first makes a lot
of sense. Readers are more likely to gamble on an unknown author if they can risk just a few
pounds. Then, if the book sells well, the publisher could produce a hardcover edition at a
much higher price.
Or imagine flipping the sequence in the movie business. Contrary to the current
strategy, studios could first issue a low-price DVD to build an audience. If the film proved
popular, the studio could then release it to the movie theatres.
Even the human resources department is a candidate for the Fisch Flip. For instance,
employees often get a going-away party on their final day with an organisation. But one
American software firm does the reverse: the company holds a welcome bash for new
employees at 9am on their first day of work.
(The Sunday Telegraph)

1319
jel:
0) Flip-thinking is becoming a fashionable concept in 0) A

the US.
1) Reversing accepted procedures can be useful outside 1)

schools as well.
2) Advanced technology in the classroom has changed 2)

students’ lives completely.
3) Schoolchildren have more homework to do than their 3)

parents and grandparents did.
4) In Karl Fisch’s algebra courses students don’t need to 4)

prepare for the lessons.
5) In the publishing industry flipping could mean 5)

bringing out a cheap edition first.
6) Publishers struggle as fewer and fewer people can 6)

afford to buy books.
7) Studios now issue a DVD before they release a new 7)

film to the movie theatres.
8) The software firm referred to in the article gives a 8)

party on Monday mornings.
8 pont

1319
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about some interesting new regulations and then read the half
sentences that follow the text.
• Your task is to match the half sentences based on the information in the article.
• Write the letters (A-K) in the white boxes next to the numbers (9-15) as in the
example (0).
• Remember that there are two extra letters that you will not need.
MINISKIRTS TO BE OUTLAWED IN ITALIAN RESORT
The mayor of Castellammare di Stabia, a southern Italian beach town, has ordered police
officers to fine women who wear short miniskirts as part of a battle to raise what he describes
as the level of public decorum. At a council meeting last night, Luigi Bobbio, the recently
elected mayor, won a vote to ban clothing considered "very short" from the town. Police will
have the power to hand out €300 fines to offenders.
Explaining what he meant by "very short", Bobbio said officers would target women
wearing miniskirts that did not fully cover their underwear. He said he had faith in officers to
make snap decisions. "They won't need to carry out checks up close," Bobbio told the
Corriere del Mezzogiorno. "One glance will be enough to decide."
The new rules, which were approved by the town council yesterday, drew outrage
from local opposition politicians, who mounted a sit-in outside the town hall. "The Bobbio
administration is male chauvinist," the organisers of the protest said in a statement. "This
town does need decorum, but not the decorum that is measured by a tape measure held against
women's clothing."
"By equating women's clothing with urban decorum, this measure implies women are
no more than benches or hedges," said councillor Angela Cortese. She said she was equally
angered by a local priest, Don Paolo Cecere, who praised the move and claimed it could cut
down on sexual harassment. "This turns the clock back years for women and undermines all
our victories," she said.
The Italian consumer group Aduc added: "Is Castellammare di Stabia in the province
of Naples? No, it's in the province of Teheran."
The miniskirt ban is one of 41 new decorum measures introduced by Bobbio.
Swearing in public, kicking footballs in the street, lying on benches, climbing trees and
walking a dog with a lead longer than two metres will also be targeted. Bobbio said people
would not be allowed to wander off the beach in their swimming costume. "This is not
Mallorca," he said.
(www.guardian.co.uk)

1319
jel:
0) It is not advisable to wear a A) for using foul language in the

very short skirt in street.
Castellammare di Stabia
9) The mayor has issued the B) for letting a dog run free in the
order park.
10) Mr. Bobbio is confident C) because you will have to pay a

fine.
0) C
11) Some people object to the D) unlike in other holiday resorts.
new regulations 9)
12) An angry council member E) because he needs extra revenues 10)

thinks for the municipal budget.
11)
13) The rule has received some F) that the police will be able to
praise make a quick judgment in each 12)
case.
13)
14) You may also be fined G) that the new rule degrades
women. 14)
15) Mr. Bobbio also said that H) because it may reduce the 15)
people will have to wear number of attacks on women.
proper clothes when they
leave the beach
I) because appropriacy is not a

question of size or length.
K) because he wants to improve

manners in his town.
7 pont

1319
jel:
Task 3
• In this article about a famous London museum some phrases are missing.
• Your task is to fill in the gaps (16-24) from the list (A-M) below.
• Write the letters into the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
• Remember that there are two extra letters that you do not need.
V&A MUSEUM PLEADS FOR CASH TO SAVE CHARLES DICKENS’S

MANUSCRIPTS
When Charles Dickens picked up his quill in 1859 to write the words, “It was the best of
times, it was the worst of times,” (0) _______________ , he was setting down some of the
most enduring opening lines in world literature. The novelist’s striking phrase helped to set
the scene (16) _______________ amid the turmoil of the French Revolution − but the paper
on which he wrote A Tale of Two Cities might not endure for much longer
(17)______________ .
This weekend the Victoria and Albert Museum is launching a campaign to raise funds
to conserve the original manuscripts of three of Dickens’s novels, including A Tale of Two
Cities. Rescued from the novelist’s home (18) _______________ , the manuscripts came to
the V&A in 1876 when Forster, a literary agent, bequeathed his library to the fledgling
museum. The V&A now hopes to restore the priceless originals − which are still legible
although blotched − (19) ______________ of the bicentenary of Dickens’s birth in 2012.
Written on low-grade blue writing paper, the manuscripts were never “wonderful
quality”, (20) ______________ , deputy keeper of word and image at the V&A. But they
remain a crucial part of Britain’s cultural heritage. “It is an immense privilege to have them
(21) ______________ ,” he said. “We have managed to conserve our other Dickens
manuscripts, some of which were (22) ______________ , but the money just ran out.”
Meriton suspects that if it hadn’t been for Dickens’s friend Forster, who edited
newspapers as well as penning a two-volume Life of Charles Dickens in 1872 and 1874, the
manuscripts would have been thrown (23) ______________ or burned on the fire. ‘I don’t
think Dickens would have kept them at all. He was not that interested.”
A Tale of Two Cities was published (24) ______________ in Dickens’s literary
periodical All the Year Round in 1839.

1319
jel:
0) C
16)
A) in the process of planning, writing and correcting 17)
B) in time for international celebrations
C) at the top of a clean sheet of paper 18)
D) for his celebrated story of love
E) in weekly instalments 19)
F) without urgent intervention
G) according to John Meriton 20)
H) by his close friend John Forster
I) with a future biography 21)
K) in a more stable condition
L) in the wastepaper bin

22)
M) in our collection
23)
24)
9 pont

1319
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about a young author’s first book and then read the sentences
• Your task is to choose the option (from A-D) that best completes each sentence
according to what the text says.
• Write the letters in the white boxes as the example shows.
TWENTY CHICKENS FOR A SADDLE

Robyn Scott’s memoirs of her African childhood
Robyn Scott was nearly seven when, in 1987, her parents upped sticks with her younger
brother and sister, leaving the gentle green of New Zealand to return to the place they were
raised − Selebi, 150km from the borders of South Africa and Zimbabwe on the eastern edge
of Botswana. It was a move that would lead to 13 eccentric, broadly idyllic years that Scott
describes in her book.
The Scotts converted a shaky cowshed next to the property of Robyn’s paternal
grandfather, improvising a new floor with varnished brown paper and trying to sidestep the
snakes in the laundry.
Robyn’s father, Keith, devoted his working day to remote bush clinics, where he might
see 100 patients in a day, returning by car or plane red-eyed, exhausted and full of curious
tales. Her mother, Linda, insisted on home schooling and wholewheat bread, and filled their
days with an array of adventures and botanical expeditions.
The three children sucked it up − growing sensible, upright and untroubled by
convention, continuously engaged and endlessly thrilled. Robyn’s first youthful commercial
exercise was to rescue 20 battery chickens from destruction, producing a free-range egg
business whose profits went part-way towards a new saddle for her wild pony. Both she and
her sister chose to be vegetarians. They nurtured a vivarium of snakes and cared for just about
any animal that presented itself, endlessly rescuing flailing insects from their back-yard pool.
But Keith dreamed of owning a freehold farm in Botswana and returning it to its original
beauty, so the family moved on from Selebi after five years to a 2,000-acre farm in south-
eastern Botswana. This was an intensely green, watery wonderland, with crocodiles, hippos
and antelope, and teamed with bird life.
Molope Farm was thrilling − a “ferocious but fragile” paradise. Tighter schedules, tests
and homework came as the children moved on to secondary schools across the borders in
Zimbabwe and South Africa. And as the children became increasingly independent, their
parents were ever more caught up with their own campaigns − Keith with Aids awareness and
alternative therapies; Linda with her nutritional studies and books.
Twenty Chickens for a Saddle is such a bravura performance that it is difficult to
believe it is Robyn Scott’s first book. It is a confident portrait of a rollicking family that
championed laughter and independence of thought and action at every turn.
(telegraph.co.uk)

1319
jel:
0) The book Twenty Chickens for a Saddle describes 0) C

A) Robyn Scott’s first seven years.
B) the parents’ nostalgia for New Zealand.
C) the life of Robyn’s family in Africa.
D) the hardships the family faced in Africa.
25) The family’s first home in Africa was 25)

A) only fit for cows.
B) less than luxurious.
C) too small for the family.
D) too terrifying for the children.
26) Keith, who was a doctor, 26)

A) suffered from a chronic eye infection.
B) went on long expeditions with his children.
C) was often too tired to talk to his family.
D) shared his experiences with his family.
27) In Selebi the children’s life was 27)

A) exhausting.
B) monotonous.
C) unstructured.
D) unconventional.
28) Young Robyn 28)

A) was given a new saddle for her pony.
B) kept various animals in the back-yard.
C) was concerned about animal welfare.
D) was especially fond of reptiles.
29) The family moved to Malope Farm in order to 29)

A) fulfill Keith’s dreams.
B) live a truly African life.
C) own a larger piece of land.
D) be closer to the children’s schools.
30) As the children became older, 30)

A) they gradually lost interest in Malope Farm.
B) the parents became more and more attached to the farm.
C) the different members of the family lived their own
lives and pursued their own interests.
D) Linda spent most of her time studying plants and writing books on nutrition.

1319
jel:
Task 1
• Read this story about an absent-minded lady and

then read the half sentences following it.
• There are two extra letters that you will not need.
WRONG TURN
Have you wondered whether sometimes your GPS tracker may not be as smart as you think it
is? Not sure? Then sit back and prepare to go on a 900-mile driving adventure that will
involve multiple language traffic signs and a gas bill that will leave you gasping.
To start out, all 67-year-old Sabine Moreau wanted to do was pick up a friend of hers
arriving at a local Brussels train station – a mere 38 miles from her home in Soire-sur-
Sambre. Nevertheless, things got a little hairy when Sabine took a wrong turn and somehow
found herself almost three days later, and after crossing 5 borders and seeing a full procession
of foreign traffic signs, on the other side of Europe. She still didn’t think her TomTom could
be leading her down the wrong path.
By the time she finally reached the town of Zagreb in Croatia, Sabine was beginning
to wonder if she had perhaps overshot her desired destination. When asked by local reporters
if she didn’t find the length of the journey – or the change in language – strange, Ms. Moreau
replied: ‘Maybe, but I was just distracted. I didn’t ask myself any questions.’
‘I stopped several times for petrol and paid with my credit card, so I didn’t realize how
hefty the bill was going to be. When I felt drowsy, I stopped for a nap in the car on a lay-by. I
was a bit absent-minded as I had a few things to think about, I suppose.’
By this stage, Ms. Moreau had caused her daughter considerable alarm, but fortunately
she managed to call home and inform her of her misadventure, just as she was contemplating
calling the police and launching a mass manhunt.
Ms. Moreau finally made it home 60 hours after embarking on her inadvertent
odyssey.
(www.msn.com)

1312
jel:
0) A satnav isn’t always A) to notice anything was 0) C

the cleverest gadget… wrong and kept driving.
1) Ms. Moreau set off B) to doubt she was approaching

1)
in her car… her destination.
2) Not even seeing a series C) to get you to your

2)
of signs in foreign destination.
languages caused her…
3) In Zagreb she realised that D) to stop at several petrol 3)

perhaps she had managed… stations.
4) She said she was so lost E) to get a search under way 4)

in thought that she failed… for her mother.
5) When she felt sleepy she F) to give somebody a lift. 5)

stopped…
6) When she finally phoned G) to have a snooze by the 6)

her daughter, she was about… roadside.
7) It took Ms. Moreau more H) to spend a lot of money

than two days on petrol. 7)
I) to pass her intended

destination.
K) to get to Zagreb and back.
7 pont

1312
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about youth unemployment and then
read the statements (8-14) that follow.
• Mark a statement A if it is true according to the
article.
• Mark it C if, on the basis of the article, it cannot be decided if it is true or false.
YOUNG, GIFTED AND SLACK
One of the biggest problems facing the world in 2013 is the prolonged − and seemingly
intractable − crisis of youth unemployment. Put simply, too many young people lack
employable skills in a world that has too few skilled workers. The result is that in parts of the
Middle East and North Africa youth unemployment remains stuck at around 25%; in Spain
and South Africa about half of young would-be-workers are unemployed; globally around
75m people aged 15 to 24 are jobless, and the International Labour Organisation expects this
dismaying unemployment rate of almost 13% to rise.
Clearly, this is a critical business issue. In a recent survey of more than 4,555 young
people, 2,700 employers and 900 education providers across America, Brazil, Britain,
Germany, India and Turkey, some 40% of employers reported that they struggle to fill entry-
level jobs because the candidates have inadequate skills. Almost 45% of young people said
that their current jobs were not related to their studies, and of these more than half view the
jobs as interim and are looking to leave. Without a remedy for this mismatch of demand and
supply, we forecast that by 2020 there will be a global shortfall of 85m high- and middle-skill
workers for the labour market.
So what should be done? The heart of the matter is helping the young learn relevant
skills more effectively, and that requires greater co-operation − and communication − between
companies, governments and education providers. Among several promising approaches, one
favoured by students is the “practicum”: a practical course involving either hands-on learning
in the classroom or training on the job. Sadly, less than a quarter of education-providers use
such methods − yet they should be the 21st-century equivalent of the 20th-century
apprenticeship, a way for people to learn and continuously update their skills. If such training
is underpinned by a certification system, employees (and employers) will know that skills are
transferable across companies and industries.
Such remedies are both necessary and available to solve a talent gap that will be the
biggest business challenge of the coming decade. It makes no sense that in the coming years
college graduates will still be taking menial, part-time jobs because they have inadequate
skills for their chosen career.
(The Economist)

1312
jel:
0) Youth unemployment is a long-standing problem worldwide. 0) A

8) The cause of the problem is that there are too few jobs for young, 8)
skilled job-seekers.
9) In certain countries almost every other young person is unemployed. 9)
10) The outlook for the future remains gloomy. 10)
11) The mismatch between the skills that candidates have and the skills they 11)
actually need is a major concern for all those involved, a new study
says.
12) The survey reveals that in most jobs young people are seriously underpaid. 12)
13) One way forward could be practical courses; the problem is that not
13)
enough are available at present.
14) The prediction that college graduates will still be put in menial jobs in the 14)
coming years is nonsense.
7 pont

1312
jel:
Task 3
• In this article about the film adaptation of The Tragedy of Man
some parts of sentences have been left out.
• Your task is to reconstruct the story by filling in the gaps from the
list.
• Write the letters (A-M) in the white boxes next to the numbers (15-
23) as in the example (0).
LIVING THROUGH ANIMATED MILLENNIUMS
In 1996 the Hungarian Film Festival of Los Angeles screened 18 minutes of early footage
from “The Tragedy of Man,” an animated work (0) _______ by the director Marcell
Jankovics. In the segment Lucifer and Adam visit a socialist community sometime in Earth’s
grim future, a time when poetry and rose cultivation are banned, and babies are (15) _______
rather than given names. Michelangelo is a frustrated factory worker; Plato spends his time
herding oxen.
As it turned out, that footage was just a small excerpt from a film that was finally
completed in 2011, (16) _______ that begins at the dawn of creation, ends with man’s last
gasp and includes stopovers in ancient Greece, 17th-century Prague, Dickensian London and
outer space, among others. At 160 minutes − about three hours, including the intermissions −
the film includes one visual spectacle after the next. Each of the 15 sections is animated
(17) _______ , with look-alikes of Lenin, Stalin, Hitler, Mickey Mouse and the Beatles.
The film is an adaptation of the poet Imre Madach’s play (18) _______ , which is
considered one of the great works of Hungarian literature. The action takes place over the
course of one very long dream, as Adam, Eve and a chatty Lucifer visit the world’s great
civilizations at the height of their power, (19) _______ as humanity’s noblest hopes and
dreams come to naught.
Marcell Jankovics is Hungary’s best-known living animator. In 1976 his film
“Sisyphus,” (20) _______ about the doomed, boulder-pushing king was among the nominees
for an Academy Award; the next year his “Kuzdok” (The Struggle) won the Palme D’Or for
short film in Cannes. By the time Mr. Jankovics first started working on “Tragedy” in 1983,
he had already directed (21) _______ “Janos Vitez,” Hungary’s first animated feature.
“I knew pretty well that I needed three years to make one movie,” Mr. Jankovics said.
“Since this is (22) _______ , it counts as two, so that’s six years. So I basically spent six years
making the movie.”
And the other two decades or so? “The rest of the time,” he said, “was spent raising
funds.” The last bit of money (23) _______ came in 2008, when Mr. Jankovics allowed
General Motors to use “Sisyphus” in an ad for the GMC Yukon Hybrid. The commercial was
broadcast during that year’s Super Bowl.
(The New York Times)

1312
jel:
0) C
A) such a long movie

15)
B) applying for small grants
C) in progress 16)
D) only to watch
17)
E) of the same title
F) changed substantially 18)
G) to complete the film

19)
H) issued numbers
I) fitting for an epic 20)
K) in a different style
21)
L) the full-length film
M) a short-form masterpiece 22)
23)
9 pont

1312
jel:
Task 4
• Read this text about the skill of listening and then read the
gapped summary that follows.
• Your task is to fill the gaps with one word only based on the
• Write the words on the dotted lines (24-30).
• There is an example for you (0).
THE SCIENCE AND ART OF LISTENING
If your home is like mine, you hear the humming sound of a printer, the low throbbing from
the nearby highway and the clatter of plastic followed by the muffled impact of paws landing
on linoleum − meaning that the cat has once again tried to open the catnip container atop the
fridge and succeeded only in knocking it to the kitchen floor.
What can you hear? The slight trick in the question is that, by asking you what you
were hearing, I prompted your brain to take control of the sensory experience − and made you
listen rather than just hear. The difference between the sense of hearing and the skill of
listening is attention.
There are different types of attention, and they use different parts of the brain. A
sudden loud noise that makes you jump activates the simplest type that converts the noise into
a defensive response in a mere tenth of a second. More complex attention is controlled by
pathways mostly in the right hemisphere − areas that process the raw, sensory input.
But when you actually pay attention to something you’re listening to, a separate
pathway comes into play. Here, the signals are conveyed through a pathway in a part of the
brain that does more computation, which lets you actively focus on what you’re hearing and
tune out everything that isn’t immediately important.
Hearing, in short, is easy. But listening, really listening, is hard. It is a skill that we’re
in danger of losing in a world of digital distraction and information overload. And yet we dare
not lose it. Because listening tunes our brain to patterns of our environment faster than any
other sense, and paying attention to the non-visual parts of our world feeds into everything
from our intellectual sharpness to our dance skills.
Luckily, we can train our listening, just as with any other skill. Listen to new music
when jogging rather than familiar tunes. Listen to your dog’s whines and barks: he’s trying to
tell you something isn’t right. Listen to your partner’s voice − not only to the words, but to the
sounds under them, the emotions carried in the harmonics. You may save yourself a couple of
fights.
“You never listen” is not just the complaint of a problematic relationship, it has also
become an epidemic in a world that is exchanging convenience for content, speed for
meaning. The richness of life doesn’t lie in the loudness and the beat, but in the timbres and
the variations that you can discern if you simply pay attention.

1312
jel:
Summary
Hearing is an automatic whereas (0) ________ is a conscious process. The key word to
describe how the two differ is (24) ________ . The brain processes a noise that might signify
(25) _______ in a fraction of a second. Different types of sound (26) ________ different
pathways in the brain. When you are actively listening to something, your (27) ________ can
block out irrelevant background noises. Listening is the (28) ________ way of gathering
essential information about our surroundings. It is also closely linked to various mental and
physical skills. The good news is that it improves with (29) _______ . Improved listening
skills mean that your (30) _________ improve, too, and that you will have a better chance of
living a richer, happier life.
0)
0) …………………… listening ………….…………
24)
24) ………………………………………………..……
25)
25) ………………………………………………..……
26) ………………………………………………..…… 26)
27) ………………………………………………..…… 27)
28) ………………………………………………..…… 28)
29) …………………………………………...………..…… 29)
30) ………………………………………..…………..…… . 30)

7 pont

1312
jel:
Task 1
• Read this article in which some phrases have been left out.
• Your task is to match the phrases (A-M) with the gaps (1-8).
THANKSGIVING TRAVELLERS BRACE FOR WINTER STORM
A US winter storm is threatening to bring travel misery to the East Coast

on the eve of the Thanksgiving holiday.
The system, which dumped heavy rain and snow over the region on Tuesday, has already
0)________. Forecasters say more than 1ft (30cm) of snow could fall in western
Pennsylvania, western New York and Vermont before Thursday. More than 43 million
Americans are 1) ________ .
The storm is also threatening to ground the giant balloons at the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade
in New York. These include balloons of beloved characters such as Mickey Mouse and the
Pillsbury Doughboy. City regulations bar the inflatables from being used when 2) ________ .
New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has issued a winter weather warning 3) ________ .
Meteorologists also predict the storm could bring 2-4in (5-10cm) of rain up the Atlantic coast
from Richmond, Virginia, to Portland, Maine. "It couldn't have come at a worse time," said
meteorologist Tim Morrin, of the National Weather Service. "Visibility will be 4) ________ ,
but by the fog."
Late on Tuesday, flight delays were reported in Pennsylvania, Tennessee and Maryland.
Daniel Baker, of flight-tracking service FlightAware, said that most airlines expect to
5) ________ , although further delays were likely.
Some travellers were getting on earlier flights to avoid 6) ________ . Lisa Jablon was
originally due to fly on Wednesday morning from New York City to Syracuse, New York
state, but she moved her flight to Tuesday night. "I'm flying up to spend the holiday with my
boyfriend's family and I didn't want to get stuck," she told the Associated Press news agency.
Thanksgiving Day celebrates the harvest and blessings of the past year. It has been
7) ________ , and is generally thought to commemorate a 1621 harvest feast the pilgrims
shared with Indians after settling at Plymouth, in what is now Massachusetts. The modern
festival sees millions of people 8)________ , eat turkey feasts, watch National Football
League matches and ̶ in recent years ̶ plan or even begin their assault on the holiday sales.
(bbc.co.uk)

1419
jel:
A) ending up stranded
0) C
B) expected to travel during the holiday
1)
C) caused some flight delays
2)
D) travel to be with family
3)
E) having to pay extra
4)
F) marked for hundreds of years
G) been losing precious time 5)
H) continue operating full schedules 6)
I) permission has been requested 7)
K) urging motorists to use extreme caution 8)
L) sustained winds exceed 23mph (37km/h)
M) restricted not only by the rain and wash from
the other cars
8 pont

1419
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about extreme weather conditions and
then read the statements (9-16) following it.
• Your task is to decide whether the statements are true
or not according to the text.
• Mark it C if there is not enough information in the text
to decide if it is true or not.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers
as in the example (0).
HOW TO SURVIVE EXTREME COLD
In January 2014 an Arctic freeze swept across North America, bringing temperatures as low
as -40°C with wind chill in some cities. What are the risks of extreme cold and how can you
avoid them?
Plummeting temperatures and icy winds present two main dangers: hypothermia, in which
your body shuts down after reaching an abnormally low temperature, and frostbite. This latter
is most common on limbs, but can also affect eyelashes.
Sitting out a cold snap indoors, with plentiful stocks of food, water and medicine, is one
possible solution. Taps can be kept open at a drip to stop pipes freezing. Pets can be brought
inside.
Many schools and offices in the worst affected areas are closed. But those still needing to
make essential trips are advised to wear several layers of loose-fitting clothing and a tightly
woven outer layer. Mittens are warmer than gloves. Hand or foot warmers can be placed
inside a glove or inside a boot, though these may not heat the tips of fingers or toes.
Goggles or glasses can help keep the temperature around the eyes stable, says John Stone of
Survival Systems in Halifax, Canada, though eyelashes are only likely to freeze together if
they're wet. Eyeballs, he says, are likely to be fine in these temperatures.
Earrings and facial jewellery should be removed, Mr. Stone added. "The temperature of the
metal is going to become very cold very quickly, much more quickly than the skin
temperature."
According to our Canadian expert, caffeine and alcohol cause your body to lose heat more
rapidly. It's best to seek shelter if you feel your body temperature dropping. Chicago, where
temperatures dropped to -27°C in 2014, extended the opening hours at warming centres across
the city.
Vehicles, like homes, should be well-stocked with emergency supplies. While petrol freezes
at about -60°C, diesel can clog at -10°C and needs to be "winter-weighted". Tyres can freeze
solid, which makes for a bumpy start to a journey but is unlikely to damage them, says John
Stone. "It's like driving a Fred Flintstone-mobile."
(bbc.co.uk)

1419
jel:
0) North America experienced some extremely cold weather 0) A

at the beginning of 2014.
9)
9) Hypothermia is another term for frostbite.
10)
10) In such weather the only really safe option is not to go outside.
11) You are advised to open taps only if you absolutely need to. 11)
12) Shops usually stay open even in very bad weather conditions. 12)
13) It is best not to wear tight clothes in cold weather. 13)
14) One useful tip is to drink some strong liquor when you are outside. 14)
15) You are better off with a petrol-driven car than diesel in cold weather. 15)
16) Extreme weather conditions will probably also ruin your tyres.
16)
8 pont

1419
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about people with no work and no homes

and then read the gapped summary.
• Your task is to complete the summary by filling the gaps
(17-25) with one word only giving relevant information
from the text.
• Write your answers on the dotted lines. An example (0) has
been given for you.
WHY JIM WOLF'S MAKEOVER VIDEO WENT VIRAL*
A time-lapse makeover of a homeless US man has been watched more than 13 million times
on YouTube in the past week.
In just two minutes, former soldier Jim Wolf is shown being transformed from tangled-haired
and scruffy to well-groomed and sharply-suited and, as a result, visibly more relaxed and self-
confident. Encouraged by the makeover, the 54-year-old – who has long struggled against
poverty, homelessness and alcoholism – has reportedly started to attend Alcoholics
Anonymous meetings.
Producer Rob Bliss made the video to raise awareness and funds for a US charity,
Degage Ministries, which has received $50,000 in donations as a result.
Mr Wolf's is not the first story of this kind to gain such popularity in social media
networks. In September, donations of more than $110,000 poured in for Glen James, a
homeless man in Boston, who returned a lost bag containing $26,000 in cash and travellers
cheques. Billy Ray Harris, another homeless man was able to buy himself a house with the
money given by strangers touched by his honesty after he returned a diamond ring
accidentally dropped into his change cup earlier this year.
The release of the Jim Wolf video – timed to coincide with Veterans Day – has focused
minds on the issue of homelessness. Even so, Mr Bliss, who makes viral videos for a living,
described the response as "pretty incredible" – far outperforming any other content he has
produced. "The number one thing that makes a video likely to go viral is the feeling it
creates," he told the BBC. "The stronger that feeling, the more successful it will be. This
video reminds the audience of the possibility of losing a job, a home, and a stable life. It helps
people see the real person behind that bearded needy person – there's a transformation into a
person with whom you'd be happy to have a chat," he says.
(bbc.co.uk)
* viral: passed on from one person to the next fast

1419
jel:
Summary
In a time-lapse film or 0) _________ things seem to be happening much faster than in real
life. A two-minute film using this technique shows Jim Wolf, a homeless US veteran with an
alcohol problem being turned into a respectable-looking businessman. The video first shows
him being given a 17) __________ and then also some smart 18) _________ . Motivated by
this experience, Jim Wolf is now said to be trying to get rid of his 19) _________ . The main
objective of the film, however, which was to help a 20) _________ , has also been achieved.
The article also mentions two cases of down-and-out people rewarded for their
21) _________ . In Boston a man returned a large sum of money and a homeless beggar was
reported to have given back some 22) _________ . Both instances resulted in very generous
23) _________ from the general public.
The extraordinary success of the Jim Wolf video on social media astonished even its
24) ________ . The secret of such films, in his opinion, is that they can make the
25) _________ associate with the people portrayed in them as real persons.
0) .................................................video.................................................
17)
17)............................................................................................................
18)
18)............................................................................................................
19)
19)............................................................................................................
20)
20)............................................................................................................
21)
21)............................................................................................................
22)
22)............................................................................................................
23)
23)............................................................................................................
24)
24)............................................................................................................
25)
25)............................................................................................................
9 pont

1419
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about designing book covers and then read the
sentences (26-30) that follow.
• Your task is to choose the option (A-D) that best corresponds to
what the article says.
• Write the appropriate letters next to the numbers in the white
boxes.
• An example (0) has been given for you.
COVER THE BASICS
Whether you're publishing in print or electronically, your cover must make the right
impression on readers.
One of the most commonly asked questions on writers' forums these days is: 'How do I create
my own book cover?' The simple answer is that if you have to ask that question, then maybe
you should consider getting a professional to do it. No matter how good your writing, a good
cover is essential to getting decent sales. It is the first thing your potential readers see and an
unprofessional job could send them looking for a different book. Often, though, finances are
tight.
Whether you are designing the cover yourself or hiring someone who knows what they're
doing, there are some essential points to consider in getting the best design for your book.
Show or tell?
What is the cover of your book there to do? On a print copy, of course, you could say that it's
there to protect the book as well as to sell it, but with ebooks, the sole reason for a 'cover' is to
grab the attention of the potential reader. At the same time, there is no need for overkill. Chip
Kidd, the New York book designer famed for the silhouette T-Rex on the cover of the book
Jurassic Park (which was later used as an icon for the movie), says, 'A book designer gives
form to content but also manages a careful balance between the two.' In essence, he says, the
cover is there to tell everyone 'what the story is like'. If your title tells the reader what the
book is about ̶ eg. Murder on Smith Street ̶ it is treating your potential audience with
contempt to then have a picture of a dead body next to a sign saying 'Smith Street'.
Don't try to tell the whole story
One common cover design error is particularly difficult for authors to overcome: they know
their own books too well.
As a result of this, many try to include as much as they can on the cover. This does not sell
books. Firstly, the reader is overwhelmed by the confusion and secondly, what may seem like
a really important part of your story to you, may mean nothing to a reader before they have
read the book. Choose one or two salient points from your story to include and keep it simple.
You need to create an emotion in the reader that makes them want to read the book, not tell
them what the book is all about.
Show your genre/tone
What images come to mind when you think 'thriller'? Obviously, a pretty vase of flowers is
not going to grab you if you're a thriller fan. Break the vase and maybe have a bullet lying in
amongst the bent flowers, with blood in place of spilled water, and you have a different cover
altogether. It's about giving the reader an idea.
(Writing Magazine)

1419
jel:
0) A) With electronically printed books the cover is of little interest. 0) B

B) The reader's reaction to a book cover is of great importance.
C) The cover for an ebook should look different from a print copy.
D) Ebooks and print copies need similar covers to impress the reader.
26) A) Writers are often uncertain about how to design a book cover. 26)
B) Even professionals sometimes make mistakes designing covers.
C) Sales are more influenced by the quality of the writing than the
cover.
D) Even if finances are tight, one shouldn't economise on the cover
of a book.
27) A) There aren't any rules to observe in designing book covers. 27)
B) Some book covers do not serve their original purpose at all.
C) Ebook and print book covers should look completely different.
D) The essential point about the cover is the same for ebooks and
print books.
28) A) Non-professional covers don't give enough protection to print 28)

books.
B) Chip Kidd (of Jurassic Park) thinks the cover should make the
content clear.
C) Catching the eye of the potential reader is the main purpose of a
book cover.
D) Covers are best if they follow the title of the book as closely as
possible.
29) A) Writers are often the best designers of the cover as they know 29)
their books best.
B) Writers usually know what things from the book interest readers
most.
C) Covers work best if they just emphasize a couple of important
points.
D) The more details about the story are given on the cover the better.
30) A) A crime story does not need to show blood on the front cover. 30)
B) The cover should be in harmony with the genre of the book.
C) Flowers are out of place if you want thriller fans to notice a book.
D) Spilled water can occasionally be as dramatic as spilled blood.

5 pont

1419
jel:
Task 1
• Read this text about horses in London and then read the
statements (1-8) that follow.
• Your task is to decide whether the statements are true or
not according to the text.
as in the example.
THE LOST HORSES OF LONDON
The city of the horse and carriage is gone. But some traces remain...
The days when horses and humans lived cheek by jowl in the capital are unarguably over.
Horses pulling heavy loads have disappeared, and most people would argue that the black cab
does a far better job than the hansom cab* ever did. But statues of kings atop their horses take
pride of place in squares and parks, and the more recent Animals in War memorial on Park
Lane is a reminder that our dependence on horses lasted until less than a century ago.
Not all of the reminders are visual, either. Streets called mews used to have rows of stables
in them, and in central London mews houses, i.e. converted stables, sell for several million
pounds each today. Not all London mews have changed, though. Bathurst Mews is one of the
last to still house horses; it is home to Hyde Park Stables. The prices for riding lessons are
fairly steep, but just think: as everyone else walks gloomily along Oxford Street, you could be
trotting purposefully around the park. The pace might be a bit leisurely for the experienced
rider, but in terms of location, you simply can't beat it.
If, on the other hand, you're keen to ride through rolling hills, then Richmond Park is just
the place. Stag Lodge Stables, for example, are based just off the A3, and as well as offering
lessons, in summer they also offer pub rides. A pony and a pint? Sounds like heaven!
If you're a polo enthusiast, London offers a quick fix for that as well; Ham Polo Club is just
a short journey from the centre of town, while Windsor (a 40-minute drive from London)
offers some of the best polo in the UK. So you see, London might not be the most obvious
place for horse-lovers to hang out, but if you look in the right places, the horses certainly do
exist.
(www.spectator.co.uk)
* hansom cab: two-wheeled carriage pulled by one horse

1511
jel:
0) A
0) Horses and humans used to live in close proximity in London.
1) People would much rather get around in a taxi than a horse-drawn 1)
carriage.
2) The Animals in War memorial was put up nearly a century ago. 2)
3) If you want a cheap place to live, streets called mews are a good place 3)
to look.
4)
4) Bathhurst Mews near Hyde Park is difficult to find.
5) It's the area that justifies the prices set by Hyde Park Stables. 5)
6) Horse riding is not allowed in Oxford Street. 6)
7) Stag Lodge Stables are the best riding club for complete beginners. 7)
8) The article mentions two very good polo clubs in London.

8)
8 pont

1511
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about how to help a depressed person and
then read the gapped sentences.
• Your task is to complete the sentences by filling the gaps (9-15)
with one word only giving relevant information from the text.
• Write your answers on the lines.
TALK LESS, LISTEN MORE TO BE THE FRIEND OF A PERSON WITH

DEPRESSION
Clinical depression is a disease and it often requires professional help. But loved ones are the
first, and often a last, line of defense.
What is the best way to help someone who is feeling low, struggling emotionally, or perhaps
even clinically depressed? This question occured to me recently, when I was scuba diving
with friends and noticed that one of them was in unusually low spirits. In a quiet moment
between dives, I asked him how he was. He replied, "Not well at all." He said he'd been
feeling depressed and isolated. I'm embarrassed to say I drew a blank about what to say next. I
asked a few more questions and listened, but failed to offer any genuine comfort.
Depression is intensely painful, confusing and frightening, experts say, both to the
depressed person and to those around that person. Some people avoid the depressed person
because they don't know what to do. Most of us try to help – and yet we often make the
person feel misunderstood, even judged. We minimize the problem ("You have so much to be
thankful for"). We offer platitudes ("Time heals all wounds") or advice ("You'll feel better if
you exercise").
Emotional support from friends and family can be an essential element in the healing
process, but it isn't easy to know what to say. Don't wait for your friend to reach out to you.
Start by asking the person how they are doing. Listen to what they have to say. A depressed
person wants most of all to be heard, respected and gently loved, and they want to be
reassured that the friend isn't going to leave. Offer to talk, but don't pressure. Think of
yourself as a 'distraction' – someone to have fun with. Be gently hopeful without claiming that
everything is going to be better overnight. Avoid saying things that minimise their pain. That
includes: "Stop feeling sorry for yourself." "There are people worse off," or "You need a
hobby." These are all proven losers that the depressed person will see as blaming or hostile.
Simple, clear messages work best. Say, "I'm sorry that you're in so much pain, and I want
you to know that I am here for you for as long as it takes." This can go a long way toward
helping your friend feel less isolated.
As for my dive buddy, the day after our conversation I wrote him a note to say I was sorry
he'd hit a rough patch and that I was a 'good ear'. I also offered to go diving with him.
His response? "Thanks, Elizabeth. That's really cool."
(wttp://online.wsj.com)

1511
jel:
0)
0) Those closest to a _ depressed _ person can often help them best.
9) Noticing a friend's low spirits made the ________________ think about the 9)
problem in general.
10) She is still ________________ about how she reacted to his words at the 10)
time.
11) You try to help with ‘wisdom’ and good ________________, but it might 11)
do more harm than good.
12) Talk to a depressed person with love and respect, and most importantly: 12)
________________.
13) Don't say things that suggest the person is exaggerating the problem or is 13)
even ________________ for it.
14) Depressed people often feel ________________, so let them know you 14)
stand by them.
15) The man's response to her note showed he was ________________ for it. 15)
7 pont

1511
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about a prize awarded for funny and
strange inventions and discoveries.
• In the sentences that follow the text there are some gaps.
Your task is to fill the gaps with one word so that the
sentences correspond to what the text says.
• In this task you must use the exact word you read in the
text.
• Write the words on the lines. An example (0) has been
given for you.
TWO OF THE TOP WINNERS OF THIS YEAR’S IG NOBEL PRIZES
The spoof awards that have become almost as famous as the real Nobels were handed out at
their annual ceremony at Harvard University, US. One of the prizes went to a Japanese team,
who measured the friction of banana skin in the lab, and showed why apple and orange peel
are not quite so hazardous.
The Kitasato University group received the physics Ig for their insights. Ridiculous as
this may seem, when you delve deeper, you will see a serious intention. The Japanese
scientists are interested in how friction and lubrication affect the movement of our limbs.
They have found that the molecular gels that give banana skins their slippery properties are
also there in our bodies, for example, knees, where our bones meet.
Another winner this year was the study that examined the brains of people who see the
face of Jesus and other figures on slices of toast. Kang Lee, from the University of Toronto,
Canada, and colleagues showed their subjects pictures of "noise" - the random marks you see
on a piece of toast - to see what patterns they would identify. The tendency to see order in
randomness - like a face in the charred areas of a piece of bread - is a well-established
psychological phenomenon.
Using MRI, Lee and his team saw how the same parts of the brain light up when we
see non-existent faces as when we see real ones.
"Interestingly, when you superimpose all the noise images where these people say
they see faces, and remove all the noise images in which they told us they couldn't see faces, a
face does actually show up," Prof Lee said. The Toronto scientist explained that this type of
pattern recognition was hard-wired, and even chimps experienced it.
"The face you are going to see is determined by your personal expectations or beliefs,"
he added. "So, for example, Buddhists will not see Jesus on toast, but rather Buddha."
(bbc.co.uk)

1511
jel:
0)
0) The _annual_ Ig Nobel ceremonies are held at Harvard University.
16) When its ________________ was scientifically tested, banana peel proved to 16)
be more hazardous than orange peel.
17) Perhaps it’s hard to realize at first, but there was a(n) ________________ 17)
motive for this research.
18) The substance that is responsible for the ________________ quality of banana 18)
peel is also present in the human body.
19) The ________________ of the second research were asked what image they 19)
saw on a piece of toast.
20) It has been shown that looking at imaginary and ________________ faces 20)
stimulates the same areas in the brain.
21) ________________ also see the kind of visual patterns that people do. 21)
6 pont

1511
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about a Budapest attraction and then

read the incomplete sentences (22-30) following it.
• Your task is to find the right endings (A-N) for the
sentences based on relevant information in the text.
as in the example (0).
CLAUSTROPHILIA: HOW A LIVE-ACTION GAME BECAME BUDAPEST'S TOP

TOURIST ACTIVITY
In the Hungarian capital, tourists are lining up to ... escape from a room. We look at a
growing trend
Viktor Oszvald got the idea for Budapest's top tourist activity while juggling dressed as a
clown. His daughter had just been born and that evening, while working at a horror-themed
show in a suburban factory, he dreamt of breaking free and had a brainwave.
Now Oszvald is founder of Claustrophilia, TripAdvisor's* top-ranked thing to do in
Budapest, and part of a tourist craze sweeping Europe: room escape games. Essentially live-
action puzzles, the games combine riddles and physical tasks, with the aim being to, well,
escape from a room.
Teams of up to five usually get an hour to make a successful exit, paying between £13 and
£30 depending on the game. Few succeed. Since late 2012 Claustrophilia has been "beaten"
by about a dozen teams unaided, of the many hundreds Oswald claims have played. He
sometimes takes pity on contenders and shouts out hints via a speaker.
Claustrophilia is one of over 30 escape games to have cropped up in the city since 2011.
Some, like the popular TRAP, use imagery from the likes of ancient Egypt and medieval
Europe. ParaPark's dank setting could have been lifted straight from Saw ̵̶ the horror movie
said to have partly spurred excape games' popularity. Other influences include TV shows like
Survivor, but most claim the format emerged from point-and-click PC games of the early
1990s.
Claustrophilia's backstory is the enigmatic will of an old eccentric to explain the cramped
assortment of props and furniture ̵ ranging from gas masks to 19th century maps. It's spooky
but never scary, and held in an apartment within a disused building (the precise location is
shared only upon booking).
Like the famous ruin pubs, escape games have flourished in Budapest, thanks to the many
pretty-but-dilapidated apartment blocks that owe much to a violent, tragic past, wedged
between fascism and communism.
Buoyed by their success, many games companies are now branching out, eyeing several
destinations in western Europe. Meanwhile, the games' popularity at home continues to soar.
Most people come to Budapest for the architecture or the nightlife. But now, many are
coming simply to escape.
(www.theguardian.com)
* TripAdvisor: a travel website

1511
jel:
0) Claustrophilia is a live-action A) history. 0) C

22) Viktor Oszwald first thought of the game B) licences.
22)
while working as a(n)
23) The main inspiration was his own wish to C) room escape game. 23)
get away from a(n)
24) In Budapest and elsewhere room escape D) horror show. 24)
games are gaining
25) Lots of players would not be able to E) assistance. 25)
escape without
26) With some games, the backstory is F) popularity. 26)

inspired by
27) Early PC games might have influenced G) problem. 27)

the
28) Only after you have booked a ticket will H) address.

28)
you be told the
29) Budapest's beautiful but shabby old I) clown. 29)

buildings provide a perfect
30) Room escape games might spread to K) locations. 30)
many new
L) setting.
M) escaping.
N) design.

9 pont

1511
jel:
Task 1
 Read these two articles from a British daily and then read the statements (1-8) that
follow. Your task is to decide if the statements are true or not according to the article.
 Mark a statement A if it is true according to the article.
 Mark it B if it is false.
 Mark it C if, on the basis of the article, it cannot be decided if it is true or false.
 Write the letters in the white boxes as in the example (0).
THE NEW STYLE MARY POPPINS REALLY PACKS A PUNCH
A knowledge of self defence, the ability to drive at high speed and the ability to get rid of
potential kidnappers are accomplishments that should figure on any self-respecting
bodyguard's CV – but they are also among the new skills being taught to trainee nannies.
Once it was enough for a nanny to be able to push a pram and settle the kids with a bedtime
story, but students at the famous Norland College, Bath, are finding they need a new skill-set
to prepare them for the 21st-century childcare environment. The £36,000, three-year BA
Honours degree course features Tae Kwon Do lessons as well as driving instruction on a skid
pan so the nannies will be able to safely escape pursuing photographers.
Famous for the brown uniform, felt hat and white gloves worn by graduates, Norland
College has been training since 1892. Many go on to work for celebrities and other high profile
families.
Lecturer Claire Burgess believes founder Emily Ward would approve. She says: 'When
Emily set up Norland, it was forward-thinking, and I think she'd love the idea we're now
moving it even more forward.' And so would Mary Poppins.
SLUMDOG MAKES TOP 50
In any list of great films, it is the ones left out that cause excitement. So when film critic Barry
Norman last month published his top 49 British films and left it to Radio Times readers to pick
the 50th, more than 3,000 piled in with over 500 suggestions.
And one stood out as clear favourite ̶ Slumdog Millionaire ̶ which Mr Norman claims he
took off his original list. The film, which won eight Oscars and seven Baftas, is the story of a
Mumbai teenager winning the Indian version of Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?
Mr Norman said: "When I was asked to do the list, Slumdog Millionaire was on there.
I excluded it partly out of curiosity to see what kind of reaction it might get. Slumdog doesn't
have a phoney feel-good ending, but there is a sense of hope which runs throughout the film,
which is great. "
(Daily Mail)

1519
jel:
0) The first headline refers to a character in a children’s story and ends with a 0) A
play on words.
1) Some skills nannies need these days are not different from those necessary for 1)
bodyguards.
2) Norland College has dropped some traditional skills from its programme to make 2)
way for new ones.
3) The College has had to invest in a skid pan for the new-style driving lessons. 3)
4) It is common for nannies graduating from the College to be employed by well- 4)
known personalities.
5) Emily Ward supported the idea of modernising courses to meet 21st-century 5)
challenges.
6)
6) Film critic Barry Norman received 500 nominations for the 50 best British films.
7) Slumdog Millionaire is popular with both critics and ordinary cinemagoers. 7)
8) Barry Norman struck Slumdog Millionaire off his list because he didn't like the 8)
ending.
8 pont

1519
jel:
Task 2
 Read this article about a learning difficulty and then

read the half sentences following it.
 Your task is to match the half sentences based on what
the article says.
 Write the letters (A-M) in the white boxes next to the
numbers (9-16) as in the example.
 There are three extra letters that you will not need.
HOW ROBERT REDFORD'S FAMILY ARE CHANGING OUR THINKING ON

DYSLEXIA
On the face of it, Dylan Redford has everything going for him − he is a handsome, intelligent
and artistic 22-year-old who happens to be the grandson of Robert Redford, world-famous actor
and director. But he is also severely dyslexic and, at the age of 10, could barely read or write.
At school in Marin County, California, he found it impossible to use the lockers. The
combination of remembering a sequence of numbers and then twisting the padlock dial in the
right direction proved difficult to master. "I had to ask my friends to do it for me," says Dylan.
Dylan's experiences with dyslexia are depicted in a new documentary, The Big Picture,
directed by Dylan's father, James. After watching his "intellectually curious son" struggle with
dyslexia throughout much of his childhood, James Redford, the eldest surviving child of Robert,
says his ambition was simple. He wanted "to make the movie I wish my family could have
seen".
The Big Picture, which is to be released in the UK later this month after getting excellent
reviews in the US, follows the stories of several dyslexics of different ages, including Dylan,
and examines how people with the condition cope from a young age right through adulthood.
Among the interviewees are prominent lawyers, bankers and chief executives. Richard
Branson, the founder of Virgin Group, talks candidly on camera about his own dyslexia,
admitting that someone once had to explain to him the difference between "gross" and "net"
profit after a board meeting.
Dyslexia is a persistent condition consisting of a combination of abilities and difficulties.
According to the Dyslexia Research Trust it it the most common cause of childhood loss of
confidence, sometimes leading to frustration and depression. Yet the condition is still shrouded
in mystery. When Dylan was a child, most people still assumed it was a "made-up" illness that
children could grow out of.
The Big Picture explores some recent scientific research around dyslexia which has used brain
imaging to demonstrate that shrinkage in the part of brain that processes word sounds and
language could be one of the condition's contributory factors.
(The Observer)

1519
jel:
0) 22-year-old Dylan is bright, A) is linked to more than just 0) C

good-looking and one cause.
9) Young Dylan's problems were B) intelligent. 9)

not limited to
10) Dylan had to rely on his friends' C) dyslexic.

10)
help in
11) Not all of Robert Redford's D) a common cause. 11)

children are
12) Wanting to help those affected, E) runs in the Redford family.

12)
James
13) The Big Picture proves that F) routine activities. 13)

dyslexia
14) Even now the condition G) ask other students for help. 14)
15) Researchers assume that H) need not prevent people from

15)
dyslexia succeeding in life.
16) The article does not say if I) is not well understood. 16)
dyslexia
K) alive.
L) the classroom.
M) made a documentary.
8 pont

1519
jel:
Task 3
 Read how the writer of this article remembers a rather
unusual teaching job and then read the sentences (17-21)
following the article.
 Your task is to choose the option (A-D) that best
corresponds to what the article says.
 Write the appropriate letters against the numbers in the
white boxes.
 There is and example (0) for you.
NO MORE OF THIS
After 14 years teaching in prison, Alan Smith explains why he has given it up
"You OK? " said Casey.

"Yeah, fine. I'm all right," I said, but I wasn't. I knew that I had lost the stomach for the whole
damned business. In 14 years, I had never excluded anyone, no matter how difficult they were.
But now, my confidence had gone and I wanted to get under the duvet and stay there. Casey
gave me a hug: "Retire, man. You don't need all this."
I suppose it had all been creeping up on me for a while. What I had to face up to was that I
was becoming increasingly indifferent. I had always tried to avoid this. Failure begins with
indifference. There were moments now, more and more of them, when I didn't care about the
things that happened, who they happened to.
And so it was time to go. I couldn't just walk away. I offered the men a deal. I would stay
as long as they did. Sue, the education manager, finally agreed to let the class run down, no
more new faces.
By that time there were only four members in the group and, out of the blue, there was a run
of golden, other-worldly mornings when we read Chaucer. Chaucer. They couldn't get enough
of the Canterbury Tales, that lovely run of characters. The men's enthusiasm reassured me that
I hadn't wasted my time. What, after all, does education offer to people if not a greater sense of
being human? When we don't know about history and art and society we are adrift, lost. Many
of the men I taught were ignorant of just about everything, and as grown men they felt this
keenly. Education was a relief, a route to self-respect.
Then three of the men were released and it was just me and Casey. We decided to do
quantum physics, and for a few months we followed a course of lectures on CD. I found it hard
going, but in fact his maths turned out to be better than mine and he helped me to understand
things. I know that I tried his patience, making him go over things three or four times, but he
was a good teacher.
One afternoon, Sue rang me up. "Casey was released yesterday." And I was finished.
(The Guardian)

1519
jel:
0)
A) When Casey asked him, Alan said he was exhausted. 0) D
B) Alan didn't really know what was wrong with him.
C) Casey told Alan not to worry about things.
D) Casey said Alan should quit teaching.
17) 17)
A) Alan's problems had started quite suddenly.
B) People soon noticed Alan was caring less and less.
C) Alan felt he was gradually losing interest in his work.
D) Alan thought he had failed too many times to try again.
18) 18)
A) Alan was told he couldn't just stop teaching and walk away.
B) Sue didn't want any new inmates to join Alan's classes.
C) Alan promised his students that he'd carry on until they left prison.
D) With only four members left the group was not easy to teach.
19) 19)
A) Alan read out Canterbury Tales as they didn't have enough copies.
B) Chaucer's language was a source of great attraction to the men.
C) Blue skies and golden sunshine always put Alan in a good mood.
D) The men's attitude proved that Alan's efforts had not been wasted.
20) 20)
A) The study of history and art is irrelevant for most people.
B) The men thought Alan's classes were a waste of time.
C) The men were unaware of how ignorant they were.
D) The men welcomed their chance for education.
21) 21)
A) Alan had a CD on quantum physics so he and Casey decided to
listen to it.
B) In the new quantum physics course Casey did more teaching than
Alan.
C) Alan and Casey soon realised they didn't have the patience for physics.
D) Both Sue and Alan were sorry when Casey finally left.
5 pont

1519
jel:
Task 4
• In this article about travelling on escalators some parts of
sentences have been left out.
• Your task is to reconstruct the text by filling in the gaps from
the list.
• Write the letters (A-M) in the white boxes next to the numbers
(22-30) as in the example (0).
ESCALATOR ETIQUETTE: THE DOS AND DON'TS
Michael Bloomberg, Mayor of New York, has said that (0) __________ . Good exercise, yes,
but some cities discourage it. And there's one thing obstructing walkers – people who stand.
But Bloomberg is still in a minority of escalator users around the world. In London,
about 25% of people on the Tube walk on the escalators and in Shanghai only about 3%,
according to a study. And in some countries, (22) __________ . On the Toronto subway system,
signs that encouraged people to walk on the left were removed at the recommendation of safety
experts.
Most escalators across the world that (23) __________ follow the "walk on the left"
custom, to speed up the flow. One of the exceptions is Australia, where
(24) __________ . One thing, though, unites all the cities that do have a system - there's conflict
when people obstruct the walking lane.
"Able-bodied people standing on the downward escalator are in effect
(25) __________ ," says Hamilton Nolan, who writes for The New Yorker and regularly uses
the subway. "It's not open war," he adds, "it's a war waged in the privacy of the enraged minds
of walkers who are forced to stand impatiently behind as (26) __________ ."
But people who stand defend themselves by (27) __________ , because the escalator is
doing the work for them. There are plenty of examples online of frustrated commuters venting
their anger about what they regard as anti-social behaviour. Common complaints include people
standing on the wrong side, not leaving enough space between standers,
(28) __________ and blocking the way with luggage.
In Toronto, that tension has been defused since the signs telling people to walk on the
left were removed, says commuter Tom Robertson. "You can tell some people get a little
annoyed when they are (29) __________ but I've never seen anyone say anything about it.
I think many people have forgotten about the signs."
In fact, accidents and fatalities on escalators are rare. In Beijing, one person died and
dozens were injured in 2011 when (30) __________ and threw them off balance. Other cases
have involved people being entrapped by clothes, but deaths are very rare.
Anyway, if you really want to avoid escalators, you should move to Wyoming.
The US state has only two escalators, both in a bank.
(bbc.co.uk)

1519
jel:
0) C
22)
A robbing the people behind them of time
B standing behind someone on the left

23)
C he always walks on escalators

24)
D hurried down the steps
E telling walkers not to be so impatient

25)
F reached the top of the escalator
G do have a standing/walking system 26)
H walking on escalators is discouraged

27)
I an escalator suddenly changed direction
K people walk on the right 28)
L the escalator slowly descends

29)
M stopping at the top
30)
9 pont

1519
jel:
Task 1
• In this article about a bed and breakfast hotel some parts of sentences have been
left out.
• Your task is to reconstruct the text by filling in the gaps from the list.
• Write the letters (A-N) in the white boxes next to the numbers (1-10) as in the
example (0).
THE BARN
Within easy reach of London, Richard and Sandra Barnett have been running their small
vegan B&B, the Barn in the New Forest for seven years. It’s the perfect spot (0) __________
for your getaway − and in fact, half the guests (1) __________ . Much of this is encouraged
by Richard, who is keen to see his guests reduce their carbon footprint, even meeting them at
the station by bicycle taxi (2)__________ and offering them a discount on the price of their
stay if they abandon the car at home. There are plenty of walks in the New Forest from the
house and bikes may be hired from the pub opposite, so (3) __________ for a car-based break
at all.
The Barn is a member of the Green Leaf Tourism Scheme − New Forest establishments
with eco-credentials that work together (4) __________ − so there is very much an
environmental focus here, with solar panels on the roof (5) __________ , organic cotton
towels and bed-linen, and vegan toiletries.
There are two bright guest rooms, a double and a twin, both en suite, and also a lounge for
visitors and a sitting-out area (6) __________ . The food, of course, is what attracts many
guests (7) __________ the 50 per cent repeat business that the Barn enjoys. In the morning,
Sandra will delight you with her ‘Barnstormer’ fully cooked breakfast (8) __________
scrambled tofu as well as mushrooms, tomatoes, beans and veggie sausages, and the evening
meal is similarly imaginative and tasty.
Guests may easily venture further afield − to Lymington and the Isle of Wight − but walks
in the Forest or a cycle ride (9) __________ to spend your time here. A dedicated cycle track
runs from outside The Barn, where you may go on rides for half an hour or the whole day.
Secure storage is provided for bikes (10) __________ .
(Vegetarian Living)

1311
jel:
0) C
A) that produce more electricity than they use
1)
B) there is hardly a better way for you to relax
C) if you want to use public transport 2)
D) to pick up their luggage

3)
E) there’s really no excuse
4)
F) and might explain
G) that includes 5)
H) and could show 6)
I) if the weather is fine

7)
K) do arrive without a car
8)
L) are probably the best way
M) if you want to bring your own 9)
N) to reduce the impact of tourism

10)
10 pont

1311
jel:
Task 2
• Read this text about rescuing a yachtsman and then look at the half sentences that
follow.
• Your task is to match the two sentence halves (numbers 11-17 to letters A-K) based
on the information in the text. There are two extra letters that you do not need.
• Write the letters in the white boxes.
PASSENGER JET HELPS TO RESCUE MISSING SAILOR
An Air Canada plane decreased altitude to 4,000ft to assist rescuers in the search for the solo
yachtsman who had activated his emergency beacon. His remote location was out of
helicopter range, so rescuers asked the plane's pilot to get involved as they were flying over
the yacht's GPS position.
The pilot, Captain Andrew Robertson, said once he had determined he had enough
kerosene to land the plane safely in Sydney after diverting to search for the yacht, he swooped
down to 5,000ft and reduced speed while the crew peered out. "As we got to about two to
three miles from this yacht, the first officer said 'there it is, I see it', pointing at a reflection
from a mirror shining upwards. I was amazed." Captain Robertson circled around once more
at 3,700ft for a closer look to see if anyone was on board. It was then that they saw the
yachtsman. Captain Robertson said the search was the first of his aviation career.
"A lot of passengers said it was very exciting to be involved in a search like this," he said.
According to Sydney's Daily Telegraph, one passenger wrote on Facebook: "15-hour flight
ends up being 17 hours as we descended to 4,000ft to locate an overturned yacht for search
and rescue."
Air Canada spokesman Peter Fitzpatrick said the crew and a number of passengers on
board spotted the boat and informed authorities about its location at once. "After we informed
the customers on board that we would assist as we were the only aircraft in the immediate
vicinity, all on board became involved in the search efforts." The crew borrowed binoculars
from customers and also engaged them to help look.
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) said the 44-year-old sailor had now
been picked up; he is in good spirits and uninjured after drifting for 16 hours.
Speaking about the involvement of the passenger jet, a spokesperson from AMSA said:
"It's not a regular occurrence, but that's because incidents are usually much closer to shore.
AMSA thanks the captain and crew of the Air Canada aircraft for their assistance in the
search and rescue operation, and their passengers for their patience."
(http://uk.news.yahoo.com)

1311
jel:
A) were immediately told exactly where 0) C

0) The yachtsman
the boat was.
11) Helicopters B) used a mirror to get the rescuers' 11)

attention.
12) The pilot 12)
C) was alone when the incident
happened.
13) The sailor 13)
D) were asked to use optical instruments.
14) The event 14)
E) haven’t been taken to the port yet.
15) Safety Authorities 15)

F) checked how much fuel the plane had
before joining the rescue operation.
16)
16) The passengers
G) are not often requested to take part in
rescue operations. 17)
17) Passenger jets
H) is often overturned in storms.
I) was mentioned in a message on a

community web site.
K) could not be used for the rescue

operation.
7 pont

1311
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about job interviews and then read the statements (18-24)
following it.
• Mark a statement A if it is true according to the article.
DINOSAUR INTERVIEW THAT CAN MAKE CAREERS EXTINCT

Could you cope?
So you’re fully prepped for the interview, wearing a new suit and your CV is beyond
reproach. But to win that dream job you must work out what sort of dinosaur you are.
Prospective employers are increasingly using ‘extreme interviewing’ techniques which
include questions such as: ‘If you were a dinosaur, what would you be?’
Although they say the way the candidate handles the question is more important than the
actual answer, chances are that if you said you were a Tyrannosaurus rex, you won’t be
getting the job. Apparently, the hapless candidate is told: ‘Aha, so you are a cannibalistic
predator preying on the weak, are you?’
The dinosaur tactic, a favourite of City employers, is part of a craze for throwing bizarre
questions at candidates to see how they react. Some other genuine questions asked of
potential employees include: ‘If you were a biscuit, what sort would you be?’ ‘Name me three
Lady Gaga songs.’ And ‘With a four-minute hourglass, and a seven-minute hourglass, how
can you measure exactly nine minutes − without taking longer than nine minutes?’
The technique − designed to distinguish the capable candidate from the exceptional at a
time when a quarter of recent graduates are unemployed − originated in California’s Silicon
Valley. Google, which is based there, is renowned for its intense interview process, with 50-
page dossiers sometimes being prepared for a potential employee. One recent question was:
‘You are stranded on a desert island. You have 60 seconds to choose people of ten professions
to come with you. Who do you choose? Go!’
Computer manufacturer Hewlett-Packard prefers questions such as: ‘If Germans were the
tallest people in the world, how would you prove it?’ − a reference to the first line of their
national anthem, Deutschland Deutschland über alles.
The idea of extreme interviewing is to see how quickly job-seekers think on their feet and
one of its pioneers was the late Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple. Dealing with a candidate he
considered dull, Jobs started flapping his arms and clucking like a chicken to judge his
reaction.
David Moyle, a headhunter with the Eximius Group in London, admits he has used the
dinosaur question to recruit. He said: ‘We are trying to give the candidates an opportunity to
show their personality, rather than just showing how they perform in an interview.’
(Daily Mail)

1311
jel:
0) There’s more to a job interview than being properly 0) A

dressed and having a perfect CV.
18) Employers claim that your reaction to some of the questions 18)
might matter more than the content of your answers.
19) City employers are reluctant to ask candidates about dinosaurs 19)
or other bizarre topics.
20) With such a high number of candidates for each job opening, 20)
employers will go to great lengths to find the most outstanding ones.
21)
21) A large section of a Google interview is conducted in writing.
22) All Hewlett-Packard employees speak German as a first or 22)

second language.
23) The article describes how Steve Jobs asked a candidate if 23)
he could imitate a chicken.
24) Some headhunters believe that extreme interviewing techniques 24)

might make candidates reveal more of themselves.
7 pont

1311
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about 21st century slaves and then read the sentences (25-30)
following it.
• Choose the option (A-D) that best corresponds to what the article says.
• Write the appropriate letters against the numbers in the white boxes.
• There is an example (0) for you.
RISE IN ‘SLAVERY’ TRAFFICKING OF HOMELESS BY GANGS
Reported cases of “modern-day slavery” are becoming increasingly common, according to the
police and homeless charities.
Thames Reach, which works with homeless people in London, said that so far this year, it
was aware of at least 37 incidents involving people who had been forced to work for little or
no pay and even made to break the law, compared with 22 last year.
Thames Reach manager Megan Stewart said the recent court case in which four men from
a caravan site in Bedfordshire were convicted of controlling and exploiting homeless people
had brought about a shift in how society viewed the problem. “People are getting better at
spotting the signs,” Stewart said, “and the police are taking it more seriously when our guys
report it.”
The exploitation involves trafficking people into the UK but also targeting homeless
people on the streets.
The Passage Day Centre in London’s Victoria, which helps homeless people, said its
clients were regularly targeted both at the centre and at soup runs. “A couple of weeks ago,
some people approached our clients with the offer of work in Belgium,” said Mick Clarke,
who runs the centre. “They said they’d provide them with accommodation and money and
when we challenged them, they sped off.”
Clarke said traffickers benefited from the economic downturn, which meant people were
ripe for exploitation. “It’s linked to the economy − people are more and more desperate,”
Clarke said. “And there is real diversity in the backgrounds of those who are doing this −
there are builders, people in suits, people from all ethnicities.”
Police say in many cases those who were exploited had been told that they or their
families back home would face violence if they reported what had happened to them. A man
who was referred to Thames Reach by St Thomas’s hospital had been trafficked into the
country by a gang. When he complained about not being paid, he was beaten up and left on
the streets with brain damage. Other cases involved two Hungarian men who were held by
criminals in Birmingham and forced to work on driveways, and a Czech man who was beaten
by the owners of a car wash in north London before escaping.
The Department for Communities and Local Government has worked with the Passage
Centre to fund a campaign to highlight the issue, and embassies in eastern Europe are also
helping to raise awareness of the risk involved in working in the UK.
(The Observer)

1311
jel:
0) Thames Reach reveals that in the slave trade… 0) A

A) an increasing number of cases get reported.
B) incidents are becoming more and more violent.
C) those forcing people to work for no pay break the law.
D) London has proved Britain’s worst afflicted area so far.
25) Megan Stewart says… 25)

A) charities have long urged the police to take tougher action in such
cases.
B) people living near the Bedfordshire caravan site are getting worried.
C) people are too afraid to interfere when they spot signs of exploitation.
D) the police appear more willing to act in these cases than they used to be.
26) Mick Clarke, who runs a centre in Victoria, gives details of… 26)
A) various incidents when their clients were targeted by criminals.
B) one incident when their clients were targeted by criminals.
C) a case when their clients were tricked by Belgian criminals.
D) a case when their clients were given money and promised work in
Belgium.
27) Clarke says traffickers… 27)

A) are more and more desperate.
B) are easy to recognise by their looks.
C) typically belong to one ethnic group.
D) are aided by the economic situation.
28) In a number of cases traffickers tried to silence their victims by… 28)
A) threats to them and their families.
B) giving them small rewards.
C) threatening to report them.
D) promises of extra pay.
29) Of the four victims mentioned in the last but one paragraph… 29)
A) one was sent to St Thomas’s from the Passage Centre.
B) two are described as having been subjected to physical violence.
C) two Hungarians were tourists travelling in the north of England.
D) the Czech man managed to escape with the help of the police.
30) To tackle the problem…

30)
A) local governments and homeless charities in Britain fund joint
campaigns.
B) foreign embassies in London are asked to do more to help their citizens.
C) steps have been taken to make people more aware of the dangers.
D) job-seekers in eastern Europe are warned against working in Britain.

1311
jel:
Task 1
• Read this article about a new piece of technology and then read the gapped
summary that follows.
• Your task is to fill the gaps (1-7) with one word only according to what the article
says.
• Write your answers on the dotted lines. There is an example (0) for you.
DON’T THROW YOUR BOOKS AWAY JUST YET

Electronic reading devices have the potential to reinvent a fine old technology, but they
have some way to go
The book is already a highly evolved piece of technology, many claim. It is portable,
shareable, easily navigable and relatively cheap. How could it be improved by making it
electronic?
I love books, but I have no difficulty imagining how they could be improved. Indeed, I
have been waiting for e-readers to arrive ever since I first read about them over a decade ago.
Think of something like a larger, slimmer iPod Touch that could store thousands of books and
dictionaries; you could download any book ever published (they would never be out of print),
flick through them effortlessly and search them for that passage you can’t quite remember.
Unfortunately, in the real world you are stuck with the iRex Iliad. For a start, it’s a
monster. It weighs in at 425g − that’s roughly the same as a 700-page paperback. Writing as
someone who does most of his reading on London’s Tube, I must admit that fact alone would
make it a non-starter. Earlier this year, I bought the Bookeen Cybook almost entirely because
of its weight − a slimline 170g.
The legibility of the Iliad is excellent, it must be said. Like all the current generation of e-
readers it uses a brilliant technology called eInk. This is black on white and is not backlit,
which means that − like a book but unlike a laptop − you can read it in sunlight, though not in
the dark. And it doesn’t strain your eyes.
Unfortunately, the user’s manual is a classic written-by-geeks document. For example,
there is a facility on the Iliad for reading newspapers; great − how do you get them? The
manual is silent. You can clearly do a lot more on the Iliad than simply read books, but you’d
have to be a technical whiz to work out what.
At the moment the Iliad feels like a prototype that needs a lot more development.
Whether it gets it depends on how popular e-readers become in the future − and currently the
signs are not hopeful.
(The Daily Telegraph, June 7, 2008.)

1012
jel:
Electronic reading devices need to develop further to realize their full (0) ______
The author of the article has known about e-readers for more than (1) ______ years. He says a
great advantage is that, theoretically, they can make any (2) ______ text available. He finds
that one big problem with the present version of the iRex Iliad is the (3) ______ . For this
reason alone he would not even consider (4) ______ one for himself. A good feature, though,
is the use of (5) ______ , which makes the Iliad easy to read. Some of the Iliad’s additional
facilities are great, but the average user would need more (6) ______ to be able to make full
use of them. All in all, current trends make the author sceptical about the (7) ______ of e-
readers.
(0) ................. potential ………………
(1) ……………………………………… 1)
(2) ……………………………………… 2)
(3) ……………………………………… 3)
(4) ……………………………………… 4)
(5) ……………………………………… 5)
(6) ……………………………………… 6)
(7) ………………………………………
7)
7 pont

1012
jel:
Task 2
• In this article about illegal trade on the internet some phrases have been left out.
• Your task is to match the sentences (A-M) with the gaps (8-16). Remember that
there are two extra phrases that you will not need.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
TIGERS AND GORILLAS − FOR SALE ON THE INTERNET
Investigators say internet trade in endangered animals is (0) _______ and could wipe out
entire species
Thousands of endangered animals supposedly (8) ________ are being traded openly on the
internet and sold as “exotic pets”, say wildlife crime investigators working with an
international animal charity.
An investigation of nearly 100 websites (9) ________ found a “shocking” selection of rare
and endangered animals for sale. They included a hand-reared Siberian tiger (£40,000), an
adolescent gorilla (£4,500) (10) ________, and other rare primates, falcons, seahorses, and
whole shells of turtles.
The gorilla for sale in London may not have actually existed, said an IFAW∗ spokeswoman
yesterday. “Possibly it was advertised by (11)________ which would capture an animal to
order.”
Guaranteed to be real, however, were the turtle-shells, shawls made from the Tibetan
antelope and a stuffed tiger, (12) ________ but looking suspiciously fresh.
The internet has revolutionised shopping for books, DVDs and airline tickets, but it has
also opened up great opportunities to deal in illegal wildlife, which, according to the UN, is
worth billions of pounds a year and now rivals (13) ________ in scale.
“This trade has devastating implications for both wildlife conservation and animal welfare.
Entire populations of certain species risk (14) ________ by overexploitation. Millions of
animals suffer immensely during hunting or in transit and captivity. Many die and this results
in more (15) ________ from the wild”, the IFAW spokeswoman said.
Trade on the internet is easy, cheap and anonymous. It is clear that unscrupulous traders
and criminal gangs are taking advantage of (16) ________. The result is a cyber black market
where the future of the world’s rarest animals is being traded away.
(The Guardian, August 16, 2005)
∗IFAW: International Fund for Animal Welfare

1012
jel:
0) C
A advertised as being in London
B the opportunities offered 8)
C worth billions 9)
D being taken
10)
E used in cosmetics
F claimed to be over a hundred years old 11)
G the arms and drug trades

12)
H a Congo-based operation
13)
I being wiped out
K protected by law 14)
L business deals
15)
M based around the world
16)
9 pont

1012
jel:
Task 3
• In this text about a recent geological discovery the first sentence of each paragraph
has been removed.
• Your task is to put the sentences back into the text.
• Mark your answers by writing the appropriate letter (A-K) into the white boxes
against the numbers (17-23) as in the example (0).
• Remember that there are two extra sentences that you will not need.
RARE GLIMPSE OF THE CRYSTAL CAVE
(0) ____________________________ The underground chamber contains some of the

largest natural crystals ever found − some of the selenite structures have grown to more
than 10m long. Professor Iain Stewart got a rare glimpse of the subterranean spectacle
while filming for the new BBC series How the Earth Made Us. Here he talks about the
experience.
(17) ___________________________ It’s about 50°C in there, but it’s the virtually
100% humidity added on top that makes it a potential killer. That combination means that
when you breathe air into your body, the surface of your lungs is actually the coolest surface
the air encounters. That means the fluid starts to condense inside your lungs − and that’s
really not good news.
(18) __________________________ Miners working in the Naica silver mine broke
through the walls of the cavern and were astounded to discover these enormous crystals − the
biggest anywhere on earth. But when the first people went in to explore, they were almost
overcome by the conditions − and there’s some pretty hairy video footage of them coming out
of the cave on the verge of losing consciousness. So we knew the dangers were real.
(19) ___________________________ Then there’s a breathing system which feeds
cool, dry air into your mask. It’s OK to take the mask off for a short while, but do without it
for more than about 10 minutes, and it’s likely that you’re going to start keeling over.
(20) ___________________________ I was lucky of course. All I had to do was stand
there and talk, but the cameraman and all the others were having to work in these conditions,
wearing these cumbersome suits, and they really struggled. For them the biggest danger was
falling over; rescuing someone inside would have been very tricky.
(21) ___________________________ It’s such a glorious place, it’s like being in a
modern art exhibit. I kept reminding myself: "You’re in the Naica Cave", because there’re
only a handful of geologists that have ever been in there.
(22) ___________________________ They don’t make any money out of it and
sooner or later, when the economics of the mine change, it will close. The pumps will be
taken out, the mine and the cave will flood, and the crystals will once more be out of our
reach.
(23) ___________________________ The Earth’s crust must be riddled with wonders
like this. As we learn more about the crust, we can be sure that there will be discoveries even
more spectacular than Naica.
(http://news. bbc.co.uk)

1012
jel:
A) We had a doctor outside the cave to monitor our vital

signs, and we were coming out of the cavern with our
heart rates up at 180.
B) Perhaps we should console ourselves with the thought that 0) C

there are certainly lots more crystal caves waiting to be
discovered.
C) Mexico’s Cave of Crystals stunned geologists when it was 17)

first discovered in 2000.
D) We kept being told how difficult it was going to be to film 18)

in the Naica Cave, but nothing really prepares you for the
extremes of that cavern.
E) For starters, the geology of the area suggests that there 19)
could be more crystal caves in the area.
F) Yet for the people who own the Naica mine, the crystal- 20)
cave is a side-show.
G) Despite all the dangers, however, my overwhelming 21)

memory is the sheer beauty of the place.
H) It is an epic story of how geology, geography and climate 22)

have influenced mankind.
I) The cave was first discovered by accident.

23)
K) You wear protective clothing, including a special cooling

suit filled with ice cubes.
7 pont

1012
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about popular web addresses and then
read the sentences (24-30) following it.
• Mark a sentence B if it is false according to the article.
• Mark it C if, on the basis of the article, it cannot be decided if it is
true or false.
• Write the letters in the white boxes. An example (0) has been
given for you.
MONTENEGRO'S DOMAIN NAME GAIN
When it comes to top level domain names, some countries are luckier than others. Take the
Pacific Ocean island of Tuvalu, for instance, which offers the attractive .tv for the broadcast
media. Or Tonga, whose .to domain has given birth to sites such as go.to and how.to. Perhaps
most fortunate of all in the name game is Montenegro.
After separating from Serbia in 2006, the country gained .me – the perfect domain for
the social media generation. "From the beginning it was clear that .me would have its share in
the market," said Predrag Lesic, executive director of the .me registry in Montenegro.
That share is now huge. Since .me went live in 2008, more than 320,000 names have
been registered, making it the fastest selling debut top level domain ever. It is short, personal
and popular - with names like youand.me and whatabout.me. It is being used more than
anything else as a call-to-action domain, for example notify.me. The domain's popularity is
partly down to its versatility across different languages.
Even before the domain's launch, Montenegro's registrars were flooded with requests
for names. "There have been three development phases," said Mr Lesic. "In the first period we
were receiving applications for the trademark names only. International companies like
Microsoft and Samsung rushed to register their .me name. The second phase allowed local
people to register an interest in a domain, while the third, go-live phase – which started on 17
July 2008 - opened up the registry to customers worldwide. On the first day of the go-live
period, we had 50,000 registrations."
One buyer of the .me domain was Matt Mansell, who purchased willshemarry.me. As
it turns out she did marry him – and the site was used as a way of informing guests how to get
to the wedding. But, aside from his new wife, the domain name may prove to be Mr Mansell's
greatest gain from his wedding. "I've had an awful lot of people who want to buy the idea; I've
had people who want to buy the domain. A lot of the .me names are actually selling at online
auctions for figures like $10,000-$15,000."
Although it is a very lucrative market, technology commentator Bill Thompson is not
convinced with the value attached to a memorable domain name. "I'm a domain name cynic.
More and more people just go to their favourite search engine, type in what they're looking
for and don't actually look for where it's going. So I just don't think domain names are as
important as they were. And I don't think they should be."
(http://news.bbc.co.uk)

1012
jel:
0) The domain name of Tuvalu appeals to television stations. 0) A
24) After 2006 Montenegro managed to hold on to its original domain 24)
name.
25) Montenegro domain names can function as a simple request. 25)
26) The .me domain is less popular in other languages than English. 26)
27) Before 17 July 2008 only local domain registrations were accepted. 27)
28) Many of the people registering in Montenegro intended to 28)

go and live there.
29) Mr Mansell says that .me domains can be bought for $10,000 to 29)
$15,000 at the Montenegro registry office.
30) Mr Thompson is not enthusiastic about the domain business even 30)
though it is highly profitable.
7 pont

1012
jel:
Task 1
• Read this article about school sports and then read the sentences (1-9) following it.
MAKE PE AT SCHOOL EXCITING − AND FUN
Scarred by the trauma of gym classes as a girl, Becky Pugh welcomes a broader curriculum
The news that schools are now offering yoga, Pilates* and “street dancing” in addition to
team games such as rugby, football and cricket is sure to have traditionalists up in arms.
What will become of children never exposed to the character-building horrors of rugby
practice in the rain? What kind of adults will they become without the elegance and discipline
instilled by gymnastics? Can you really call yourself a man without a keen eye for an offside
trap?
Well, I think Ofsted’s* discoveries are heartening. The education watchdog’s report on the
state of physical education in schools today hits the nail on the head: “The rich variety of
extra-curricular programmes enabled most students to discover something they liked and
wanted to carry on with into adulthood.”
I, for one, am still scarred by the trauma of PE at school. I remain allergic to any form of
exercise. I’ve tried the gym, swimming, yoga, running in the park, and have even attempted a
British Military Fitness session. But I can’t elicit the smallest amount of pleasure from any of
them.
I’m convinced that I’d have been happier at school, and fitter now, if our games lessons
had felt more like fun. Indeed, one of the paradoxes of my school days was that I was
regularly reprimanded for attending lessons in tracksuit bottoms and a cotton shirt, but loathed
every minute of physical activity.
In fact, the only time I ever enjoyed exercise at school was when they began to offer
improbably progressive-sounding “jazz dancing” classes to the sixth form. To the strains of
pop music, we laboured over moves that we believed might come in useful at the nightclubs
we were just starting to enjoy. It wasn’t painful, it wasn’t scary and it wasn’t embarrassing.
Happily, the result of introducing these newfangled alternatives to the curriculum is a boost
in pupils’ enthusiasm for exercise. In a world with ever-fewer playing fields, where physical
activity is threatened by the allure of the internet, the TV and computer games, we should be
delighted if a child can be bothered to perfect their karate kicks, not outraged that they’ll
never know how to play cricket.
(The Daily Telegraph)
*Pilates: a physical fitness system

*Ofsted: Office for Standards in Education

1011
jel:
0) Traditional PE lessons and team sports are being replaced by alternative 0) B

classes in schools.
1) Some of these new-style lessons cannot be held in an ordinary gym hall. 1)
2) Traditionalists believe it is good for young people to endure some 2)

hardships in PE lessons.
3) The Ofsted report outlines possible future benefits once the reforms have 3)
been introduced.
4) The article emphasizes the importance of motivation in PE. 4)
5) The author was so traumatised by her PE lessons that she never did any
5)
sports once she had left school.
6) Her doctor suggested that she should take up some form of exercise to 6)
improve her health.
7) Paradoxically, even though the author hated PE at school, she often wore 7)
sports gear.
8) Her school was exceptional in that it allowed sixth formers to visit 8)
nightclubs.
9) It is physical activity that children need, not any particular type of sport. 9)
9 pont

1011
jel:
Task 2
• In this article about a supermarket some sentences have been left out.
• Your task is to match the sentences (A-I) with the gaps (10-15).
SHELF LIFE
Simon Parke was a priest in the Church of England for 20 years − then he gave it up to work
in a supermarket, where he stacked shelves and worked on the tills. (0) _________
My cousin, Bob, tells me that a supermarket is the place where you always meet the
person you least want to meet in the world − and he has a lot to choose from. He claims he’s
forever ducking in and out of the aisles, like a soldier in a war zone, seeking cover where he
can find it. (10) _________ .
And as he says, ‘You particularly don’t want to meet that former teacher, because either
they’ll struggle to remember you, which is embarrassing, or they will remember you, which is
again embarrassing, or they’ll ask you how things are going now, which is embarrassing in a
new way. (11) _________ .’
I hadn’t fully appreciated the angst created by ex-teachers in supermarkets. It’s hardly
their fault, of course. They imagine they’re just nipping in to grab a cheesecake or some
grapes. Little do they know that, all around them, former pupils are cowering by the
cauliflowers. (12) _________ .
My main problem as a priest, though, was recognising people − but not knowing why. So
when I meet somebody, I’d be wondering: have I buried their mum? Baptised their daughter?
Or heard their confession of adultery? This can make for a tricky opening few seconds of
conversation. (13) _________ .
There are those worse off than Bob, however. After all, if he walks into the store and
discovers the person he least wants to meet in the world − well, he can always walk out. But
what of the poor so-and-so who has that person as a colleague? (14) _________ .
Where ultimate power now lies, is hard to tell. Garry is still the manager, but Pauline is a
rival − and really getting on our nerves. (15) _________ .
(Daily Mail Weekend)

1011
jel:
0) C
A) Or they won’t recognise you at all.
B) If ex-teachers were our only worry, we’d be happy indeed amid these
10)
aisles.
C) Here, he opens his diary…
D) ‘So, how are things?’ I’d say, scanning their faces for clues of
11)
mourning, happiness or slight embarrassment.
E) ‘This is not shouting! I know what shouting is and this isn’t it.’
F) If it’s not the old girlfriend by the sandwiches, or an ex-band-member 12)
by the fish, it’s a former teacher taking ages to choose a dessert.
G) ‘What on earth is going on here?’
H) Bob thinks there should be specially designated supermarkets for 13)
former teachers, leaving ‘safety zones’ where people like him can shop
freely.
14)
I) That’s how it is with Garry, my boss at the supermarket, and our new
‘co-ordinator’ Pauline from the head office.
15)
6 pont

1011
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about a new production of a Shakespeare comedy and then read
the split sentences (16-25) that follow.
• Your task is to match the sentence halves so that they best correspond to what the
article says.
• Write the letters (A-N) in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
THE MERRY WIVES OF SITCOM
Jasper Rees meets the director who is introducing Shakespeare to Fawlty Towers∗
Exactly how funny is The Merry Wives of Windsor in the 21st century? With Christopher
Luscombe as director, this month’s new production at Shakespeare’s Globe is likely to be
very funny indeed. Two summers ago Luscombe had a popular hit at the same theatre with a
Comedy of Errors production inspired by the Carry On films. For this fresh attempt to make
the more difficult parts of Shakespearean comedy accessible to a modern audience, his
reference point is sitcom.
“The Merry Wives of Windsor feels very conversational, very relaxed,” he says. “It seems
to me to be written absolutely as people spoke. But I was scared of using the sitcom tag until I
read this very authoritative academic article comparing Merry Wives with Fawlty Towers.
There are so many connections. John Cleese∗ must have been familiar with it.”
It is often claimed that The Merry Wives of Windsor came about as a result of a royal
request. The queen, having enjoyed Falstaff’s visits to the Boar’s Head tavern in Henry IV
part one, wanted to be further entertained by the fat knight, and Shakespeare dutifully bashed
out his only play set in contemporary England.
The first question for Luscombe to answer was which version of the play to stage. A
Quarto edition was cobbled together by actors in 1604, the more reliable Folio published in
1623. The traditional approach is to work from the Folio, but Luscombe has chosen to marry
the two. “There is no version that Shakespeare saw through to publication. You have to do
what you feel he would approve of. I feel he’d say ‘whatever works’, particularly in a play
like this. It’s no great poetry. All I’m trying to do is make 400-year-old material really funny.”
(Daily Telegraph Review)
∗Fawlty Towers: a humorous TV series

∗John Cleese: the actor playing Mr Fawlty

1011
jel:
0) C
0) The Globe theatre A) aims to help modern audiences
enjoy Shakespeare’s
comedies. 16)
16) Comedy of Errors B) in Luscombe’s Merry Wives is

a mixture of the two
17)
different sources.
17) Luscombe C) is to stage a new production of
The Merry Wives of
18)
Windsor.
18) Fawlty Towers D) has probably read the essay the
director is referring to. 19)
19) John Cleese E) was directed by the same
person in a similar vein.
20) The Merry Wives of F) has written an article 20)
Windsor comparing the two plays.

21) None of Shakespeare’s G) may have been written to
21)
plays please the queen.
22) The Quarto H) paid regular visits to the
Boar’s Head tavern. 22)
23) The Folio I) is used by most of the directors
of Shakespeare’s plays.
24) Shakespeare K) bears a number of similarities 23)
to The Merry Wives.

25) The text L) was not directly involved in
the printing of the play. 24)
M) is the earlier, less reliable

edition.
25)
N) , with just one exception, are
set in his own lifetime.
10 pont

1011
jel:
Task 4
• Read this review of a popular science book and then read the sentences (26-30) that
follow.
• Your task is to choose the option (A-D) that best corresponds to what the review
says.
SHUT UP AND CALCULATE!
YOU ARE HERE: A Portable History of the Universe by Christopher Potter
For the past 20 years or so, popular-science books have attempted to explain to an incredulous
public the latest theories put forward by scientists to explain mystifying stuff such as quarks,
various types of subatomic particles, black holes, and so on. Reading these books you
occasionally note a tone of slight impatience from the author when the really tricky stuff
comes along. “Look, you dummies, it just is, ok?”
Or, as Christopher Potter repeatedly puts it in this elegant and thoughtfully constructed
contribution to the genre: “Shut up and calculate!” Even Feynman, a brilliant Nobel prize-
winning scientist, who tried to get the message across a generation ago in Six Easy Pieces,
struggled; not all of those pieces are that easy, to be honest.
Potter’s book works because he is not (quite) a physicist, but nor is he merely a layman. He
is a publisher with a fairly modest (he suggests) academic background in mathematics and the
history of science. And this is the root of the book’s brilliance: Potter becomes a link between
the bizarre world of the quantum physicists and our own rather more limited imaginations.
He makes complicated numbers comprehensible by taking us from the world we know and
recognise − everything around us for ten metres, for example, from the size of a giraffe to the
size of a human being − in stages down to things so small that size has no real meaning, and
upwards to distances that, without his guidance, would seem so great as to be meaningless.
The distances and the scale become comprehensible.
Potter takes us beyond the realms of the solar system, past our nearest neighbouring star
(four light years away), beyond the outer boundaries of our galaxy, the Milky Way, until, near
the end, we hit a solid supercluster of galaxies one billion light years away. And then, a little
later, we are dragged through ever-diminishing stages back down to the quarks, which are at
the very boundary of what we might call both “size” and “reality”.
This is the most thoughtful pop science book of the last few years, and, along with The
Oxford Book of Modern Science Writing, the most useful to the layman.
(The Sunday Times)

1011
jel:
0)
A) In the past 20 years or so incredible scientific discoveries have been made. 0) D
B) Modern scientific theory should be explained in more straightforward
language.
C) Readers of popular science books are made impatient by complicated new
theories.
D) Science book writers have found it hard to explain new theories in simple
terms.
26)
A) Potter is an elegant and thoughtful man. 26)
B) Potter’s Portable History is a popular science book.
C) Feynman won the Nobel-prize for his Six Easy Pieces.
D) Even Feynman had difficulty understanding some new theories.
27)
A) Potter succeeds in making scientific theory accessible to the general public. 27)
B) He has written various books on mathematics and the history of science.
C) He has carried our research and taught quantum physics at an academy.
D) His Portable History has been influenced by his teaching experience.
28)
A) Potter has a way of making numbers meaningful to the non-specialist reader. 28)
B) The best parts of Potter’s book describe things that readers are familiar with.
C) Potter makes some scientific claims that appear completely meaningless.
D) It is hard to understand what Potter is trying to say about great distances.
29)
A) Potter starts out on his imaginary journey from our nearest neighbouring star. 29)
B) Potter gives a description of the Milky Way towards the end of the book.
C) Potter takes the reader to the very edge of the universe.
D) Potter suggests that quarks have neither size nor reality.
30)
A) The reviewer believes Potter’s Portable History is an outstanding book. 30)
B) The reviewer says no comparable books have been published recently.
C) Potter has contributed to the Oxford collection of modern science writing.
D) Potter’s book is even more useful to the layman than the Oxford publication.

1011
Azonosító
Task 1
Read these short articles from a daily paper. Some parts of sentences have been removed
from the texts. Your task is to fill the gaps from the list (A-N). Write the appropriate
letters in the white boxes next to the numbers (1-10) as in the example (0). Remember
that there are two more letters than you need.
Mum, where do chips come from?
The British Heart Foundation is warning against certain foods in a new advertising campaign
(0) ________ showing widespread ignorance among children about the content of foods.
Its survey shows, for example, that one third of British children do not know what
chips are made of, (1) ________ they are made from flour, eggs or even apples.
The survey of the British Heart Foundation kicks off Food4Thought, a campaign to
encourage children, particularly 11 and 12 year olds, (2) ________ .
With a quarter of all British children predicted to be obese by 2020, the BHF says that
poor nutrition among children is (3) ________ . As well as talking to children, the campaign
is also urging the Government, food industry, local authorities, schools and parents
(4) ________ . Billboard posters will educate children about (5) _________ in cheeseburgers,
hot dogs and chicken nuggets.
London to Brighton rally brings out car veterans
Hundreds of drivers of veteran cars braved high winds and heavy rain yesterday on the annual
London to Brighton car run. Organisers said that 443 cars − all more than 100 years old − had
set off from central London. Roger Etcell, (6) ________ , said the rally had had its
“traditional” share of breakdowns along the route, but that 367 had crossed the finish line.
Mechanical help (7) ________ to drivers along the route, with a special repair centre
set up in Crawley, West Sussex. Before the start more than 100 cars were driven along Regent
Street. First held in 1896, the rally is the longest-running motoring event in the world.
Top of the hops

New CD features animals on the route to extinction
Vanishing Wildlife is a collection of some of Britain’s most elusive and rare species, some of
which (8) ________ before they became extinct. Some 31 species are featured on the British
Library-produced CD, including the last known recording of a group of pool frogs. Also
(9) ________ is a greater horseshoe bat – one of the country’s rarest mammals.
The CD draws on the library’s archive of more than 150,000 recordings of 10,000 species. It
is (10) _________ a ‘plea for help’ from some of Britain’s most endangered creatures.

0623
Azonosító
0) C
1)
A was available 2)
B making itself heard

3)
C based on research
D were recorded
4)
E described as
F caused by their experiences 5)
G with many believing
H to pay out millions of pounds 6)
I to make healthier choices

7)
K to play their part
L the event director
8)
M the common ingredients
N a critical issue 9)
10)
10 pont

0623
Azonosító
Task 2
Read this article on flying. For each statement choose the option that is nearest in
meaning to what the article says. Write the appropriate letters in the white boxes next to
the numbers (11-15) as in the example (0).
Happy landing in Hong Kong … virtually
The skies are safe. Cath Urquhart, Times travel editor, tries to fly a jumbo but never leaves
Gatwick
The airport runway lights blinked up at me out of the darkness. Below me were the inky
waters of Victoria Harbour, and beyond, the skyscrapers of Hong Kong island, twinkling in
the night. I had been intending to land on the runway, but alarmingly, it was crossing my
screen from left to right instead of top to bottom. At this rate it looked as if I would shoot
across it and end up in the harbour.
“Ease her nose up,” instructed flight engineer Ray Maidment, admirably keeping the
panic out of his voice. I pulled the control column towards me, and turned it to the right to set
our course for the runway of Kai Tak airport, one of the trickiest approaches in the world. The
lights seemed terribly close, the runway terribly short. Would we land safely − or would our
Boeing 7-47-200 plough into the murky harbour waters?
Climbing from the flight simulator’s cockpit ten minutes later, I felt pleased if a bit
dizzy. We had landed so softly that no one in Virgin Atlantic’s upper class would have spilled
a single drop of champagne. “For a first-timer, that was exceptional,” Ray said kindly.
Ray has landed at Kai Tak more times than most, if you count actual and virtual
landings. After 42 years as a flight engineer with BOAC, then British Airways and Virgin, he
has semi-retired and now instructs enthusiasts and would-be pilots in a flight simulator used
by Virtual Aviation.
The company was set up last year by James Stevenson, a 24-year-old entrepreneur and
aviation enthusiast. “We get people from all walks of life trying the simulator,” James said.
“One person bought 15 hours to give to business colleagues, some are celebrating birthdays.
Others can fly light aircraft and want to see what it is like to fly a jumbo. The more
experience they have of flying the more they can do in their session − for example fly into
turbulence.”

0623
Azonosító
0) The title and the subtitle of the article inform the reader that 0) C
Cath Urquhart
A) is the Times travel editor in Hong Kong.
B) has landed safely in Hong Kong.
C) has taken part in a virtual flight.
D) has not been able to fly out of Gatwick.
11) The first paragraph describes how Cath Urquhart 11)

A) piloted her jumbo jet towards Victoria Harbour.
B) worried about missing the runway.
C) was blinded by the lights of Hong Kong.
D) became involved in a shooting incident.
12) She followed Ray Maidment’s instructions and

12)
A) managed to change course.
B) turned right to avoid Kai Tak.
C) fortunately didn’t panic.
D) ended up in the harbour.
13) Ten minutes later 13)

A) first class passengers were served champagne.
B) Cath felt too dizzy to continue the flight.
C) the instructor congratulated her.
D) they started their descent.
14) Ray, the instructor 14)

A) has flown to Kai Tak a record number of times.
B) has worked for BOAC for 42 years.
C) is enthusiastic about flying.
D) is very experienced.
15) James Stevenson, the owner of Virtual Aviation says 15)

A) most of their customers are very rich.
B) people book sessions for a variety of reasons.
C) jumbo jet pilots come to receive further training.
D) the company will not accept complete beginners.
5 pont

0623
Azonosító
Task 3
Read this article on water shortages in Australia. Your task is to fill in the gaps in the
sentences (16-22) according to the information in the text. Write one word only on the
dotted lines. An example (0) has been given for you.
Water shortages, undrinkable tap water, showers rationed: welcome to Australia
Once it was Australia’s best grazing land. Now, after four years of drought, the rolling hills
around the agricultural city of Goulburn are bleached and lifeless.
Farmers are unable to keep livestock (sheep or cows), and water rationing has been
imposed. The water that dribbles from the tap, dredged from the bottom of an empty
reservoir, is considered unfit for human consumption.
Goulburn, with a population of 22,000, is close to running out of water. Unless there is
significant rainfall over the next few weeks, the city’s Pejar Dam, which normally contains
nine billion litres of water, will be drained of its last drop. While small Australian
communities of a few hundred that have run dry have survived by trucking in water,
Goulburn’s thirst for one million gallons a week is too large.
And as anxious Goulburn residents look to the skies and pray for rain, those living in
Sydney, Australia’s largest city, only 125 miles away, are preparing themselves for severe
water rationing. Sydney’s main reservoir is already 40 per cent below capacity.
Australia, the world’s driest continent, is accustomed to emergency measures to
prevent the taps from running dry. But even for a nation used to drought, the lack of rain
across much of the eastern seaboard is raising serious concerns. For the first time in memory,
large urban communities face having no water to drink.
In Goulburn, a city that owed its prosperity to the livestock trade, the best-known
landmark is a statue of a giant Merino sheep. But the agricultural-based economy has been hit
hard, with key employers recently ordered to reduce water consumption by 30 per cent.
Homes are being allowed to use only 40 gallons (180 litres) of water per resident a day, the
equivalent of a ten-minute shower.
Adding to Goulburn’s concerns are signs of a developing El Nino weather pattern,
caused by fluctuations in ocean temperatures, which is believed to worsen drought conditions
in Australia.

0623
Azonosító
0) Goulburn’s main source of income has traditionally been ...agriculture.. .
16) There is very little water left in the city's ………….............……….….….. . 16)
17) If the drought continues, the Pejar Dam will become completely
17)
………..…..………….….….………….. .
18) If Goulburn was …………..……………....…….. , they could use vans and 18)
lorries to cart in water.
19) If the dry weather continues, the city of

19)
…………..………..…………..……….. will experience similar
shortages and cuts.
20) The long dry spell has mainly affected the

20)
….………..…….……..…….…….. part of Australia.
21) Goulburn’s most famous sight is a huge ……………………..……………… . 21)
22) Prospects are worrying because of signs of a dangerous weather

22)
……….……...…….. .
7 pont

0623
Azonosító
Task 4
Read this article on new management principles. Your task is to match the half
sentences that follow so that they correspond to what the article says. Write the
appropriate letters in the white boxes next to the numbers (23-30) as in the example (0).
Remember that there are two extra letters that you will not need.
Teaming with bright ideas

Better ways of working together
Companies are eager these days to emphasise that they are organised around teams. A recent
series of advertisements for Microsoft featured teams of employees from the giant software
company getting excited about the various projects on which they were working together.
Headhunters are increasingly being asked to assemble teams of top executives, not
merely to find a single high-performing CEO (Chief Executive Officer). And the bosses
themselves are expected to be good at putting together teams.
The speed and efficiency with which effective teams can be brought together to
resolve problems is crucial to success in the modern organisation. A recent Harvard Business
Review article explains how teamwork within Linux, the software company, managed to build
a barrage to protect the system against a virus that had breached a vulnerable spot: “Despite
the need for the highest security, a group of some 20 people, scarcely any of whom had ever
met, employed by a dozen different companies, living in as many time zones and straying far
from their job descriptions, accomplished in about 29 hours what might have taken colleagues
under the same roof weeks or months.”
The authors of the article argue that Linux was more successful at resolving the
problem than its more conventionally structured rival Microsoft would have been. They
describe the Linux people as “virtuoso practitioners of new work principles that produce
energised teams and lower costs.”
But it is not only geeks in the software industry who have learnt to work in this way.
The article says that the management methods of Toyota, the company that invented “lean
manufacturing” (the remorseless elimination of waste) resemble the methods employed by the
Linux community. One stroke of genius at Toyota was to apply the principles of lean
manufacturing to inventory. What could be more wasteful than having shelves piled high with
supplies that were not going to be used for weeks or months?
This gave rise to the “just-in-time” method of stock control. Toyota realised that the
best way to make this system work was to allow the workers on the factory floor to control
the flow of supplies because they had the information that would keep stocks at their lowest.
This forced Toyota to decentralise decision-making and, unlike most Japanese companies,
empower its shop-floor workers.

0623
Azonosító
0) Companies A) recently analysed the work of some

successful teams around the 0) C
world.
23) Headhunters B) is a more traditionally organised 23)

company than its
competitor.
24) Teams C) need good teams rather than just 24)

brilliant individuals these
days.
25) Individuals D) have recently been given a say in 25)

important decisions.
26) A Harvard Business E) are often asked to do more than 26)

Review article just look for a suitable
individual.
27) Linux F) is eager to use resources as 27)

economically as possible.
28) Microsoft G) are a good example because of 28)

their communication skills.
29) Toyota H) has been able to solve a difficult 29)

problem in a very short
time.
30) Workers at Toyota I) are often better at problem-solving. 30)
K) have praised this method in their

latest annual report.
L) can work faster and more

creatively if they are not
just cooperating with
immediate colleagues.

0623
Azonosító
Task 1
In this passage you can read about a school which banned girls wearing skirts. Your
task is to match the half sentences that follow the text. There is an extra letter you do not
need. Use each letter once only. Write the letters in the boxes as shown in the example.
School bans girls wearing skirts
Concerns that playground cartwheels and energetic drama lessons are making it impossible
for girls to "maintain their modesty" has prompted a school to ban them from wearing skirts.
From next year all pupils at the Broadstone Middle School in Poole, Dorset, will have
to wear long trousers.
The school, which takes pupils aged nine to 13, argues that the rule means girls will be
able to play a full role in breaktime activities and in lessons such as drama when they wear
uniform rather than sports clothes.
Some parents have expressed anger. One mother, Zoe Rawlings, said: "I think this rule
is taking away the girls' dignity. They should be allowed to wear skirts. That is what girls do."
The change of policy was announced by the school in a newsletter.
Headteacher Marilyn Warden said: "In order to give girls the same opportunities as
boys for a safe, active and healthy lifestyle, while maintaining their modesty, it has been
considered by our school governors that trousers for all pupils is a practical and appropriate
dress requirement."
The rule is due to be phased in from September and will be compulsory by next year.
A spokeswoman for the local education authority - who was wearing a skirt - said it
was the school's prerogative to make such a rule. The rule would be relaxed in a heat wave
and "appropriate" clothes could then be worn.
It is not the first time that a school has banned skirts. Kesgrave High School in
Ipswich did so last year to stop girls from wearing short skirts.
"We no longer have teachers spending their time trying to stop girls wearing skirts
halfway up their back," headteacher George Thomas said yesterday.
The rule at Kesgrave has had a second benefit, encouraging more girls to cycle to
school.

0522
Azonosító
0) Girls at Broadstone will not be A) to wear trousers. 0) C

allowed
B) to do all the things that boys
do.
1) Skirts are making it difficult for girls 1)
C) to wear skirts from next
year.
2) One parent thinks that it’s simply not 2)
right for girls D) to wear skirts should the
weather turn very hot.
3)
3) Chief officials at Broadstone feel that E) to allow girls to wear skirts.
the new rule gives girls the chance
4) The rule will take about four months 4)

F) to warn pupils about their
immodest behaviour.
5) An exception to the new rule will be 5)
made to allow girls G) to become obligatory for all.
6) The rule at Kesgrave has done away 6)

with the problem of teachers having H) to take part in some of their
lessons.
6 pont

0522
Azonosító
Task 2
Read the following article on the psychology of voting. Parts of some sentences are
missing. Your task is to fill them in from the list below. Write the letters in the
appropriate white boxes as in the example. Remember that there are two extra letters
that you do not need.
Voters give thumbs-down to baby-faced politicians
People who look “competent” are far more likely to win US elections than more “baby-faced”
politicians, (0) __________.
Researchers at Princeton University in New Jersey, US, (7) __________ in
determining election success. Pairs of photographs of similar-looking candidates who had
competed against each other in elections for the US Senate or House of Representatives were
shown to more than 800 people.
(8) __________ the participants were asked to judge them according to various
criteria, including intelligence, likeability, age, competence, trustworthiness, charisma,
attractiveness and familiarity. (9) __________ the judgement for that pair was discounted.
The researchers found a strong correlation between those candidates judged
“competent” and election wins. (10) __________ participants correctly predicted the winners
in about 70% of the congressional races.
Floating voters
“It’s possible that undecided voters may cast their votes on the basis of who looks the most
competent by their face, or even that party leaders are promoted up the ranks according to
their ‘competent’ faces,” says Alexander Todorov, (11) __________.
“Although the study doesn’t tell us exactly what competence is, its traits include
(12) __________ and baby-faced people are perceived as lacking in all these qualities,
regardless of sex and ethnicity. We often conclude that baby-faced adults are naive,
submissive and weak,” says Leslie Zebrowitz from Brandeis University, who wrote a review
on the findings of the research.
Her own studies suggest (13) __________. “Baby-faced people are more intelligent,
better educated and more assertive” than their mature-looking counterparts, she says. This
may be because they overcompensate for society’s expectations, she suggests.
“Selecting against baby-facedness could be a contributing factor in (14) __________
since women are naturally more baby-faced than men. But the gap narrows when a mature-
faced woman competes against a baby-faced man for a job requiring competence,” she told
New Scientist.

0522
Azonosító
A If a participant recognized any

of the candidates’ faces, 0 I
B who led the research 7

8
C physical strength, social
dominance and intellectual 9
shrewdness, 10
D When the candidate has come to 11

a decision 12
E that in reality the opposite is true 13
14
F After seeing each face for less
than a second,
G how women see the problem
H why there have been no female

presidents,
I according to a new study
K Judging on competence alone,
L carried out studies to determine

the importance of candidates’
facial appearance
8 pont

0522
Azonosító
Task 3
Read this article about tipping in the United States. In the sentences that follow the text
there are some gaps. Your task is to fill the gaps with one word so that the sentences
correspond to what the text says. Contractions (e.g. don’t) count as one word. Write the
words on the lines. An example has been given for you.
Tipping in the US
Australians "employed in a service-related industry" are likely to think it is a bonus to get an

American customer. Americans "employed in a service-related industry" are likely to groan
inwardly as soon as they hear their customer has an Australian accent. All because tipping
plays a lesser part in Australia's service environment. In Australia, you are more likely to
leave something at the "tip" (garbage dump), than to leave a tip. "Did he give you a good tip?"
is more likely to refer to information that aids in placing a bet on the horses or dogs than to
payment for service.
The tipping issue can be a difficult one for both sides. Americans might be surprised to
learn that Australians can feel self-conscious about leaving a tip. It took several years before I
felt comfortable doing so, despite all the discussion about the low wages (sometimes less than
$3 per hour). I just couldn't help feeling that leaving a couple of dollars on the table was the
equivalent of saying "you look poor enough to be grateful for this pittance I am prepared to
throw your way".
I was surprised to get here and see how precisely a tip is calculated. It is not a casual
throwing down of change. For example you might have $1.80 in change in your pocket, but if
the 15% tip comes out at $1.45, then that's all that many people will leave. I have even seen
people request change, rather than leave a tip that is 50c more than the calculation. Here's a
tip on calculation - I have found it easiest to calculate the 15% by first calculating 10% by
moving the decimal point (for example $27 gives you $2.70), and then adding half of the 10%
($2.70/2 = $1.35. $2.70 + $1.35 = $4.05. In this case I would think a round $4 is quite
adequate).
I had also thought the tips would go up and down to reflect how you feel about the
quality of the service. However, most people stick to the 15% or 20%. I have heard mutterings
about how a tip is not deserved, but I have yet to see anyone act upon this.
In Australia, I was used to handing money directly to someone. So it was unusual at
first to see people leave the tip on the table and walk away from it. Nicking off with a tip is
obviously such a strong taboo, you can even leave it on the table when the next round of
customers is preparing to sit down.
There is also an informal rule of etiquette that if one party is paying for the meal for
everyone, then the other party will pay the tip.

0522
Azonosító
0) An Australian waiter will probably be happy to have an
__American__ customer.
15) __________ is not very common in Australian restaurants.
16) When you give somebody a good tip in Australia, you are actually
15
giving them some __________.
16
17) It took the writer of this article __________ to accept the custom of
17
leaving a tip.
18
18) The writer of the article felt that giving a tip was the same as saying,
19
“You are __________.”
20
19) Tips are calculated very __________ in America.
21
20) Instead of giving the waiter a larger tip, Americans will ask for the
22
__________.
23
21) In America the amount of money you leave as a tip doesn’t depend on
what you think of the __________.
22) In Australia people __________ leave the tip on the table.
23) If your American friend invites you for dinner and pays for the meal,
__________ should pay the tip.
9 pont

0522
Azonosító
Task 4
Read this article on urban games, and then read the statements following it. Your task is
to decide if the statements correspond to the information in the article. If a statement
means exactly what the article says, mark it A. If it means something different, mark it
B. If it says something that is not mentioned in the article, mark it C. Look at the
examples first.
Gamers turn cities into a battleground
Matt has been abandoned on Tower Bridge, London, with nothing except his clothes and a
mobile phone. A woman dressed in black walks past, and Matt receives a text message to
follow her. He doesn't know who she is, or where she is going. All he knows is that he must
follow her if he is to find Uncle Roy.
Matt is playing Uncle Roy All Around You, where for one day he is the main character
in an elaborate experimental fantasy game played out across the streets of London. He also
happens to be a pioneer of a new social phenomenon, urban gaming. If you thought the
computer games of the 21st century are only ever played by couch potatoes addicted to the
new generation of Xbox, Nintendo or PlayStation consoles, you'd be mistaken. For urban
gamers are harnessing the power of global positioning systems (GPS), high-resolution screens
and cameras and the latest mobile phones to play games across our towns and cities, where
they become spies, celebrities and even Pac-Man.
"The limitations of physical space makes playing the game exciting," says Michele
Chang, a technology ethnographer with Intel. “There is also a social element,” says Chang.
Last year, as a social experiment to see how people behave with real-world games, she created
Digital Street Game, which ran for six months in New York. The aim was to acquire territory
by performing stunts dictated by the game at public locations around the city, such as playing
hopscotch at a crossroads while holding a hot-dog. "People are more reserved than you would
imagine," says Chang. Some players took to performing their stunt on rooftops to avoid being
seen, she says, while others relished being ostentatious - like players of Pac-Manhattan, in
which New Yorkers dress up as the video game icon Pac-Man and flee other gamers dressed
up as ghosts.
Soon you may even be able to play games using phones without GPS hardware. One
being played by 30,000 people in Sweden, Russia, Ireland, Finland and now China is called
BotFighters, a role-playing game in which players explore an arena - in this case a city.
Stumble into another player's territory, and you have to fight them by exchanging virtual
blows boosted by acquired superpowers. Each blow is sent via a text message. The game
exploits the location-based services provided by cellphone companies, where the position of
each phone is tracked by its network. As location-based services become ever more
sophisticated and accurate, so will the games.

0522
Azonosító
0) Matt carries several electronic gadgets while trying to find Uncle Roy. 0) B
0) The woman in black is going to tell him how the game continues. 0) C
24) A very large number of people in Britain have already tried games like 24)
Uncle Roy All Around You.
25) People who like spending a lot of time in front of the TV are no longer 25)
the only ones who play computer games.
26) Players in urban games can even take the part of famous people. 26)
27) Many urban games like Digital Street Game are produced by Intel. 27)
28) In Digital Street Game all players are happy to do their acts in the 28)
middle of the street.
29) BotFighters will be available in Hungary from next year. 29)
30) Thanks to mobile technology urban games are now as highly developed 30)
as they will ever be.
7 pont

0522
Azonosító
Angol nyelv — emelt szint
jel:
Task 1
Read this article about strange objects in the world’s seas and then read the statements
following it.
• Mark a statement A if is true according to the article.
• Mark it B if it is false,
• Mark it C if, on the basis of the article, it cannot be decided if it is true or not.
Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers. There is an example (0) for you.
Furry surfers ride the ocean currents
Hundreds of toy animals were washed ashore on the South Coast of England last week. The
cuddly toys came from containers swept overboard by rough seas during a gale in the English
Channel.
Annoying as this loss is for toyshop owners, such accidents can be a goldmine for
scientists tracking ocean currents.
In the autumn of 1992 thousands of plastic ducks washed ashore in southern Alaska.
The duck flotilla had been launched several months previously when a container ship from
Hong Kong hit a storm in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and shed its cargo. Some ducks
made it into the Arctic Ocean where they were frozen in ice, while others turned south and
circled the entire North Pacific in just three years.
Oceanographers plotted the voyages of the plastic ducks by collecting reports from
beachcombers and used the data to show how currents and winds carried the flotsam vast
distances much faster than anyone had anticipated.
This was merely the tip of mountains of rubbish drifting through the world’s seas.
Some 10,000 containers are lost overboard from ships each year, along with millions of
plastic bags, fishing nets, metal drums and other debris. Sadly, most of the debris is
indestructible, poisoning the oceans and killing sea creatures.

0621
Azonosító
jel:
0) Several people were rescued when their boat overturned in the English 0) C
Channel last week.
1) The toy animals found on the South Coast were from containers a ship 1)
had lost in a storm.
2) Toyshop owners were delighted at the event. 2)
3) The ducks discovered in Alaska in the early 1990s had originally come 3)
from Asia.
4) Unfortunately, many of these ducks were frozen to death in the Arctic 4)
Ocean.
5) The data scientists collected about the speed of currents and winds didn’t 5)
surprise anybody.
6) By picking up debris from beaches, beachcombers do a valuable job in 6)
protecting the environment.
7) There is growing concern over the amount of rubbish in the world’s seas. 7)
7 pont

0621
Azonosító
jel:
Task 2
Read this article on the nature of happiness. Some parts of sentences have been
removed. Your task is to fill the gaps from the list. Write the appropriate letters in the
white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0). Remember that there are two
You can learn how to be happy

Depressed? Positive psychology may help you look on the bright
side of life
If being unhappy and dissatisfied is your normal state of mind, you

may be tempted to laugh at the claim. But (0) _____________ we 0) C
can teach ourselves to think in a more positive way. By following
key rules and using mind games, say scientists, (8) _____________ .
8)
The theory is currently being put to the test in Britain in a
unique project in which volunteers with varying levels of depression
are taking part in a series of experiments. It is hoped the study, the
biggest of its kind ever undertaken, will help psychologists
(9) _____________ and how it can be combated. 9)
Positive psychology − also known as the science of
happiness − was developed by Martin Seligman, of the University of
Pennsylvania, and (10) _____________ rather than on how they 10)
become depressed.
Researchers found that inherited character traits and
childhood experiences accounted for just 50 per cent of someone’s
happiness potential. The rest was (11) _____________ . They 11)
discovered that those who class themselves as ‘very happy’ are no
more sociable, beautiful or successful than the average person.
Where they differed was in having found out (12) _____________ 12)
and including more of it in their lives.
One key to happiness is to cultivate ‘flow’ activities −
hobbies or activities in which we become so immersed that time is
forgotten. Another is to surround ourselves with close friends or
loved ones.
Married couples were found to live longer
(13) _____________ , but single people can achieve the same by 13)
cultivating a ‘para-family’ of friends and colleagues. Psychologists
say (14) _____________ and include a great deal of self-disclosure 14)
to result in higher levels of happiness.
A central finding is that we can promote our happiness by
learning to control, and (15) _____________ , negative thoughts. 15)
One technique is ‘fast forward thinking’ in which we screen a ‘film’
of a negative event in the mind then fast forward it until it becomes
a blur.
Psychologists have also found that negative thoughts such as
fear, boredom or embarrassment (16) _____________ and can be 16)
controlled. They claim a person can train themselves to think
happier by understanding that these thoughts are often biased.

0621
Azonosító
jel:
A) everyone can eventually lead a fulfilling and contented life
B) controlled by the individual
C) experts in a new field of psychology say
D) focuses on how people flourish
E) who care about others
F) to learn more about depression
G) relationships need to be intimate
H) has spent time with the study team
I) and enjoy good physical health
K) what makes them happy
L) are often over-reactions
M) eventually avoid
9 pont

0621
Azonosító
jel:
Task 3
Read this article on illegal art trade and then read the gapped sentences following it.
Your task is to fill the gaps with one or two words according to the information in the
text. Write the words on the dotted lines. An example has been given for you (0).
Europe tries to halt tide of art smuggled to America
Court cases aim to break the billion-pound global trade in stolen antiquities that end up with
wealthy US collectors and museums.
A series of legal actions has been launched by European governments to regain
priceless works of art which they claim have been illegally smuggled to America to be sold
off to wealthy collectors and museums.
One of the highest profile cases is in France, where the so-called ‘Affair of the Hebrew
Manuscripts’ is reaching its climax. The case centres on Michel Garel, a specialist in ancient
documents at the National Library in Paris, who is alleged to have systematically stolen
medieval texts to satisfy a demand from America. One manuscript, a 600-year old French
Hebrew version of biblical books such as the Lessons of the Prophets, has been traced to a
New York collector who bought it for £200,000 at Christie’s, the London and New York
based auction house. Garel, who maintains his innocence, is to appear before a French court
on theft charges.
Agnes Saal, the library’s director, said: ‘The National Library is determined to recover
this manuscript so that it can once more take its place as part of the national heritage.’
‘We are dealing with crimes that touch on the history of France,’ said Colonel Roger
Lembert, head of France’s 30-strong police unit dedicated to cracking art smuggling.
The affair coincides with a similar case in Italy, where authorities have started an
aggressive campaign to regain lost treasures. On trial are Marion True, a former Getty
Museum antiquities curator and Robert Hecht, an American art dealer based in Paris. As a
representative of the world’s richest art institution, True is accused of illegally obtaining 42
items during the 1980s and 1990s, including a 2,000-year statue of Apollo unearthed in Italy.
The charges carry a 10-year sentence. She denies the charge − as does Hecht −and the Getty
Museum says she is innocent.
Rocco Buttiglione, the Italian minister for culture, said Italy is paving the way for
other countries to retrieve looted heritage. ‘The age of trafficking in art pieces is over,’ he
warned.

0621
Azonosító
jel:
0) The global trade in stolen art treasures is worth … billions… of pounds.
17) Rich ….………………..…… art collectors and museums play an important 17)
role in illicit art trade.
18) One case in France concerns an old ….……..……………. . 18)
19) The person thought to be responsible for having stolen and sold it is called 19)
….……………..……… .
20) According to Agnes Saal it should be returned to the ….……….…………… . 20)
21) The aim of Colonel Roger Lembert and his ….…………..………… is to stop 21)
art smuggling.
22) If found guilty of art trafficking, Marion True will probably be sent to 22)
….…………..………… .
23) The Italian Minister for Culture believes Italian efforts to get their art 23)
treasures back will make it easier for ….………..…………… to do so, too.
7 pont

0621
Azonosító
jel:
Task 4
In this story of a dramatic rescue operation at sea some paragraphs have been jumbled
up. Your task is to put them back in order. Write the letters in the white boxes next to
the numbers. Remember that there is an extra letter that you do not need. An example
has been given for you (0).
Navy helicopter lifts lifeboat crew to safety in island yacht-

rescue drama
A lifeboat crew was saved by a Royal Navy helicopter yesterday when the
would-be rescuers became victims of the sea themselves in an early
morning air-sea rescue drama.
0) __________________________________________ 0) C
Buffeted by rising winds and high seas, the pilot of the military
helicopter managed to hover close enough to the reef to allow the three
men to clamber aboard.
24) __________________________________________ 24)
Later yesterday, the man in charge of the Royal National Lifeboat

Institution (RNLI) paid tribute to the helicopter crew for their crucial role
in averting what could have been a disaster.
25) __________________________________________ 25)
The drama began at 12:45am yesterday morning when a frantic

call from a mobile phone alerted the Clyde Coastguard operations centre.
Minutes before, the 50ft motor yacht, Enterprise, crewed by two
men, had run aground on a reef off the coast of Jura. As the vessel sank,
one man managed to reach the relative security of the reef itself. His
companion plunged into the sea and swam to a tiny island nearby.
26) __________________________________________ 26)
27) __________________________________________
27)
Wearing night-vision goggles, the helicopter’s crew of five were
able to pick out the stranded men because of the lifeboat men’s survival
gear that shone like beacons.
Capt Hills said: “We couldn’t actually touch down because of the
contour of the land and the bushes, but we held steady long enough to get
everyone on board.
28) __________________________________________ 28)

0621
Azonosító
jel:
A Michael Vlasto, the operations director of the RNLI, said: “We are very grateful to the
Royal Navy for airlifting our two volunteer crewmen back on board the lifeboat, and
getting the two yachtsmen safely to dry land.”
B When the lifeboat reached the scene, the captain realised he could not get his lifeboat
close enough to the scene and launched the lifeboat’s inflatable vessel which filled
with water and trapped the two lifeboat men along with the yachtsman on the reef.
However, the Royal Navy Sea King helicopter was en route to the scene.
C The two-man lifeboat crew became trapped on a sliver of reef along with a stranded
yachtsman they had been attempting to rescue.
D The hospital spokesman said: “They were feeling fine and have been discharged.”
E Once on land, he used his mobile phone to summon the rescue services.
F It was a good operation; we got the other guy, too. Thankfully, all is well that ends
well.”
G The pilot, Captain Ian Hills, then gingerly moved his Sea King helicopter toward a
tiny island off the coast of Jura, in the Inner Hebrides, where he was able to pick up a
second stranded yachtsman.

0621
Azonosító
Task 1
Read this article about a new kind of addiction: to technology. In the sentences that
follow the text there are some gaps. Your task is to fill the gaps with one or two words so
that the sentences correspond to what the text says. Contractions (e.g. don’t) count as
one word. Write the words on the lines. An example has been given for you.
Texting teenager referred to addiction centre
A 19-year-old from Paisley is receiving counselling to cure an addiction to sending text

messages and emails.
In one of the first cases of its kind, the teenager was referred to an addiction centre
after he ran up a bill of £4,500 in one year texting about 100 times a day. He also lost his job
after sending up to 500 emails a day from his office computer, many to his former girlfriend.
The couple separated because she could no longer cope with the barrage of digital
communication.
"He was suffering from severe anxiety when he wasn't getting any reply, which was
causing him to text and email even more," said Phillip Irvine, project leader of Renfrew
Council on Alcohol trust, where the unnamed man is being treated. "This patient has all the
hallmarks of any classic addict where mental health problems such as depression, low self-
esteem and relationship difficulties occur as a result of the addiction."
The teenager described the buzz he got from his texting saying: "When you look at
your mobile and you've got a message you wonder who it could be. It's kind of comforting
when you get one." Mr Irvine said the teenager was trying to cut his mobile phone spending
down to £10 a week from £60.
"This addiction problem is probably suffered by many more people but it is not being
diagnosed," he said. "Young people and those with an extroverted personality are particularly
susceptible."
David Nott, the manager of the addictions treatment programme, said it was the first
time he had heard of an addiction to communication technology not allied to alcoholism or
drug use, where it is sometimes a secondary problem. "If people aren't replying to your texts,
there is anger and sadness ... A ping on your phone can give you a buzz," he said.
Inappropriate use of a phone was an addiction that was likely to increase, he said, and he
urged people to raise the matter with friends they thought were texting or emailing too often.
The average number of texts sent has more than doubled since 2001 and 28 billion texts were
sent in 2004 alone.

0801
Azonosító
0) The 19-year-old young man’s problem is that he cannot ____stop____
himself sending messages.

1)
1) The young man lost his ____________ , and later his job too.
2)
2) He tried to control his nerves by writing ____________ .
3)
3) One of the symptoms of this addiction is that the young man has a poor
opinion of ____________ .
4) Outgoing people have a ____________ chance of ending up with a 4)
similar health problem.
5) So far Mr Nott has only seen an addiction to sending messages among 5)
drug addicts and ____________ .
6) If you see that a ____________ is becoming an addict, you should try 6)
talking to him.
6 pont

0801
Azonosító
Task 2
Read this passage on virtual pets and the sentences that follow it. Your task is to choose
the option that is nearest in meaning to what the article says. Write the letters in the
white boxes next to the numbers. An example has been given for you.
iPods and PlayStations are replacing pets
PLAYSTATIONS and television are replacing pets in the modern home as families discover
the hectic pace of their lives leaves no room for animals, according to new research.
The percentage of British homes with a pet has fallen from almost 55 per cent in 1999 to 48
per cent today.
In some cases, children are even turning to virtual pets instead of the real thing.
However, while fewer people own pets, those who do are spending more money than ever on
their care, with the market for food, pet accessories and pet insurance now worth an estimated
£3.6 billion.
Animal charities even believe the fall in pet ownership could be a good sign, showing that
people are becoming more responsible and not taking on a pet they know they could not care
for properly.
A study published yesterday identified longer working hours, the increase of overseas
holidays and the trend towards living in flats and smaller homes as playing a part in the
decrease of pet ownership.
"The falling number of children has contributed to this decline. What is more, even in those
families with children, the demand for pets may not be as strong as it once was, since many
children now prefer to immerse themselves in the world of computer games and TV
programmes," the study concluded.
As an indication of this, computer-generated virtual pets have seen their popularity soar in
recent years. Neopets.com, a website themed around the ownership of pets, created and cared
for by the site's members, now boasts more than 25 million members worldwide and has just
struck a film deal with Warner Bros.

0801
Azonosító
0) More and more modern families 0) A

A) are too busy to keep animals at home.
B) are giving up pets, because there is not enough space for the
animals.
C) are giving up pets, because they need more space for their new
TVs.
D) need pets to help them relax after a busy day at work.
7) Today more money is spent on pet care 7)

A) since the number of pet owners is on the decline.
B) since the number of pet owners is on the increase.
C) by people who still own pets.
D) by people who want to invest in this profitable business area.
8) According to animal charities it is better to have fewer pet owners 8)

A) because they are the only responsible people.
B) who really want to look after their animals.
C) as the rest of the people do not like animals in their homes.
D) because pets have become very expensive to keep.
9) According to the study people without pets 9)

A) deny spending more time at work.
B) prefer to go on boat trips for their holidays.
C) have more free time.
D) are not likely to have very spacious homes.
10) The same study claims that 10)

A) there are fewer children who prefer TV and computers.
B) there are fewer children who enjoy having pets.
C) in the past children wanted pets just as much as now.
D) in the past children did not demand to have pets as much as
now.
11) In the last few years the number of virtual pets 11)
A) has fallen.
B) has been stable.
C) has risen sharply.
D) has risen slightly.
5 pont

0801
Azonosító
Task 3
Read this article on graffiti, and then read the statements following it. Your task is to
decide if the statements correspond to the information in the article.
• If a statement means exactly what the article says, mark it A.
• If it means something different, mark it B.
• If it cannot be decided on the basis of the article, mark it C.
Look at the examples first.
GRAFFITI
Graffiti can be viewed several different ways. Some view it as art and a way to express
personal feelings. Others see it as a crime that only causes problems in society. The latter is
also the conclusion that I have come to after much research on the subject.
I cannot agree with the argument that graffiti is a legitimate form of expression. I
agree that it may be art because almost anything can be considered art. However, it is not
respectful of others and it defaces property. The difference between graffiti and acceptable art
is permission obtained by the artist. When people draw graffiti on the property of others it
becomes a violation of property rights. It lowers property value and is very expensive to clean
up. Do you want your tax dollars being spent to clean up other people's personal expressions
on city buildings and walls? Would you want someone expressing their feelings on your very
own private property? I believe that our right to freedom of speech should be protected;
however, it should not be done at the expense of other citizens’ rights.
The fact that gangs use graffiti to "express themselves" is another reason why I do not
agree that graffiti should be an accepted art form. Graffiti written by gangs is often used to
intimidate others, recruit new members, advertise the sale of drugs, and mark gang
boundaries. When we try to justify graffiti we are only encouraging further criminal gang
related activity.
I am a true art lover. This is why I have to disagree when defenders of graffiti argue
that graffiti should be considered beautiful art that should be accepted. The buildings and
other structures that graffiti artists write on are also art and were not meant by the designer to
have personal expressions painted all over them. If graffiti artists would like to display their
works then they should display them in museums or on legal graffiti walls. These have been
set up by the government to try to deter rampant and illegal graffiti throughout our cities. If
the public would like to see their art then they will go see it in places where it will not be
destructive to others. Much of the graffiti today is vulgar and offensive, and not appropriate
for children to view. However, it is difficult not to be exposed to it when it is available all
over cities.
When personal expression begins to violate other people's rights it should no longer be
tolerated.

0801
Azonosító
0) There is disagreement about what graffiti is. 0) A
0) Among other things graffiti is a way to carry out artistic experiments. 0) C
12) The author shares a negative attitude to graffiti. 12)
13) One of the problems with graffiti is that it does not take the rights of the 13)
owners of buildings into account.
14) There is a law which obliges graffiti artists to ask for permission before 14)
they start working.
15) If graffiti is created on public buildings, it is cleaned up at everybody’s 15)

expense.
16)
16) Freedom of speech is a basic human right, which should be protected
under all circumstances.
17)
17) Although graffiti has its negative aspects, it never aims to frighten
people.
18)
18) Defending graffiti is a way of supporting crime.
19)
19) Designers have protested about graffiti artists painting over houses.
20)
20) There is too much illegal graffiti around, and the government has taken
action against it.
21)
21) Children do not like graffiti, because it is not a genuine art form.
10 pont

0801
Azonosító
Task 4
Read the following article about the lucky escape of a couple of divers. Parts of some
sentences are missing. Your task is to fill them in from the list below. Write the letters in
the appropriate white boxes as in the example. Remember that there are two extra
letters that you do not need.
Divers survive six hours on shark-infested reef
Australian police are to launch an investigation (0) ____________ in shark-infested waters off
the Great Barrier Reef when they were dragged more than five nautical miles from their boat
by treacherous currents.
Coastguards described how the novice divers, Louise Woodger, 29, and Gordon
Pratley, 31, had been "freakishly lucky" (22) ____________ in an area known "for having
some very large sharks".
They had been shocked to discover upon surfacing (23) ____________ . They inflated
their buoyancy vests and clung together, battling with rough seas. As they tried to conserve
their energy, the pair spotted a shark as it circled below them and "decided not to look down
any more". They held on to two orange "safety sausages" (24) ____________ .
Coastguard captain Jon Colless said: "They were freakishly lucky that the search was
called early in the day, that the weather was going down (25) ____________ . Wheeler Reef
is known for having some very large sharks working its seaboard side and the risks increase at
night because (26) ____________ ."
Another coastguard official, Richard Boulton, said: "They reacted very intelligently
and responsibly (27) ____________ ... The weather was on their side. As the day progressed
the winds and waves improved and it was easier to see them."
Ms Woodger's mother, Jane, said she was surprised (28) ____________ .
"I don't know if the current was something the crew should have known about ... There
wasn't anyone with them. They had only done around 10 to 12 dives before," she said. "They
saw a shark down below them and (29) ____________ . They learned later that there are lots
of large sharks there that come and have little nips at you and then when you begin to
struggle, that can be it."
Ms Woodger, a nurse, and Mr Pratley, an information technology manager, have been
working and travelling in Australia for 15 months (30) ____________ .

0801
Azonosító
A and the captain of the dive boat was right on the ball
B which helped the boat captain to spot them from a distance

0) G
C that’s when a lot of predators are out
22)
D that their dive boat was nowhere to be seen
23)
E and they conserved their energy
24)
F to have survived their ordeal
25)
G after two British divers endured six hours floating
26)
H that the pair were allowed to dive in such strong currents
27)
I which almost cost them their life
28)
K after being given cups of hot tea
29)
L after that they decided not to look down any more
30)
M and had planned to return to the UK next year to get married
9 pont

0801
Azonosító
jel:
Task 1
• In this passage you can read about a study on some helpful babies.
• Your task is to match the half sentences that follow the text.
• Write the letters in the boxes as shown in the example. Use each letter once only.
• There is an extra letter you do not need.
STUDY SHOWS BABIES TRY TO HELP
It was a simple experiment to illustrate fairly sophisticated brain development: toddlers

watched as psychology researcher Felix Warneken did ordinary tasks, such as using
clothespins to hang some towels.
Oops, he dropped a clothespin. Video shows one baby in overalls glancing between
Warneken's face and the dropped pin before quickly crawling over, grabbing the object,
pushing up to his feet and eagerly handing back the pin.
Warneken never asked for the help and didn't even say "thank you," so as not to spoil
the research by training youngsters to expect praise if they helped. After all, altruism means
helping with no expectation of anything in return.
Over and over, whether Warneken dropped clothespins or knocked over a stack of
books or lost a marker he was going to write with, each of 24 toddlers repeatedly helped
within seconds – but only if it looked like Warneken needed it.
That was the key: the toddlers offered no help when he deliberately pulled a book off
the stack or threw a marker on the floor, Warneken, of Germany's Max Planck Institute of
Evolutionary Anthropology, reports in Thursday's edition of the journal Science.
To be altruistic, babies must have the cognitive ability to understand other people's
goals plus possess what Warneken calls "pro-social motivation" – a desire to socialize.
"When those two things come together – they obviously do so at 18 months of age and
maybe earlier – they are able to help," Warneken explained.
No other animal is as altruistic as humans are. We donate to charity, recycle for the
environment, give up a subway seat to the elderly – tasks that seldom bring a return beyond a
sense of gratification. However, many feel that we still have a long way to go.

0802
Azonosító
jel:
0) Mr Warneken devised the A) to keep his experiment

experiment reliable. 0) C
B) to realise what the other

person wants to do.
1)
1) The baby in the overalls was keen
C) to show the complexity of
how the brain develops.
2) Mr Warneken said nothing to the
2)
helpful baby D) to help even when there is
no reward.
3) The babies did not offer E) to offer people a helping 3)

hand.
4) In order to be helpful, babies have F) to give the man the

clothespin. 4)
5) Unlike animals, people are willing G) to help when it did not seem
to be necessary.
5)
5 pont

0802
Azonosító
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about a novel way to meet new people.
• In the sentences that follow the text there are some gaps. Your task is to fill the
gaps with one or two words so that the sentences correspond to what the text
says. Contractions (e.g. don’t) count as one word.
• Write the words on the lines. An example has been given for you.
BELGIAN LIBRARIANS USE LOVE TO GET READERS
It could be a Valentine's setting at any restaurant or bar: Young couples drink red wine and
chat eagerly at intimate tables aglow in candlelight and adorned with flowers.
But this romantic venue also features books. Hundreds of them. Singles who like to
read are descending upon libraries across Belgium as part of an experiment in what two
librarians have called "lib-dating."
"Basically it's speed-dating, but in a new setting – with books," Wim Van der Straeten
said, referring to the popular dating method where singles are paired for a few minutes of chat
before switching partners.
Co-creator Danny Theuwis experimented with the dating idea three years ago,
combining 14 single bookworms – most between 18 and 35 years old – with novels.
"I got some flowers for the tables, got some candles and gave those who came a glass
of red wine," Theuwis said.
The informal setting and two people huddling to discuss their favorite books was all
that was needed to break the ice and let relationships blossom, he said. Participants are given
10 minutes to introduce themselves to others in the group, which Van der Straeten said should
not exceed 20 people to ensure intimacy. Upon arriving, participants pick a small piece of
paper from a glass with a question on it, such as “What was your favorite book as a child and
why?” They are instructed to go around the room with the question and mingle.
For the second round, readers take the three favorite books or passages they were
asked to bring, and share their thoughts one-on-one with others for a few minutes before
switching to a new partner and new books.
At the end of the session, participants are instructed to put their books down and write
a note to be placed in the book of the person they would like to meet again.
"Libraries are turning into cultural hubs. They have a social role and are the only
meeting place in some communities," said Frederika Van Wing, manager of the Flanders
public library network's campaign to boost visits.
Librarians seemed hesitant to embrace the idea at first but said they are warming up to
it.
It is yet to be seen whether the idea will catch on and spread to other countries of
Europe and the world.

0802
Azonosító
jel:
0) Belgian ___libraries___ often look like a restaurant on Valentine’s Day.
6) The difference between ____________ and speed-dating is that they are
held in different places. 6)
7) In speed-dating lots of ____________ men and women get a chance to

7)
talk face-to-face to some other people who are in the same situation.
8) In Danny Theuwis’s experiment three years ago people were asked to

8)
take their favourite ____________ with them to the date.
9) People taking part first have to walk around with a(n) ____________ in
9)
their hands.
10) Then, participants talk in pairs about the books that they ____________
with them. 10)
11) At the beginning, librarians were not very ____________ about this new
idea. 11)
6 pont

0802
Azonosító
jel:
Task 3
• Read the following article about an interesting competition.

• Parts of some sentences are missing. Your task is to fill them in from the list (A-
M) after the text.
• Write the letters in the appropriate white boxes as in the example.
MAN SOLVES RUBIK'S CUBE IN 11.13 SECONDS
Leyan Lo is part of Caltech's Rubik's Cube Club, (0) ____________ that hosted the
competition at the Exploratorium museum in San Francisco. Lo's record-setting time came
early in the day, among his first five tries in the preliminary rounds.
The record-setting solve caught competitors (12) ____________ .
"It's kind of scary now that I set it, because I have two more attempts to go," Lo said
humbly afterward. His time of 11.13 seconds broke the previous record of 11.75 seconds,
(13) ____________ .
Still, the world record alone wouldn't gain Lo the overall champion's title at the event,
(14) ____________ . For that title, Lo went up against the teenager widely considered the
fastest Rubik's Cube solver on the planet – Shotaro "Macky" Makisumi, a 15-year-old high
school sophomore from Pasadena.
Makisumi prevailed, clocking in with an average time of 14.91 seconds in the final
round.
Besides blindingly fast fingers (15) ____________ , what is Makisumi's secret?
"I don't know. Faster first two layers," he surmised, referring to solving the first two
layers of the cube's colored tiles (16) ____________ . For his victory, Makisumi won a
Rubik's Snake puzzle, one of several variations on the basic cube model which has sold more
than 100 million worldwide, according to the manufacturer.
Contestants brought their own cubes to the competition, and a computer program was
used to scramble the cubes in the same fashion for each round (17) ____________ .
One of the crowd favorites was Casey Pernsteiner, 14, who traveled to the event from
her hometown of Gonzales, Texas, with her mother. Pernsteiner logged a 21.59-second
average in the preliminary round (18) ____________ .
The crowd erupted with applause as she threw the cube down time after time,
(19) ____________ and consistently clocking times well under 30 seconds.
"My previous best time in competition was 25 seconds and I beat that, like, all ten
solves, (20) ____________ ," Pernsteiner said. She finished among the top 16 finalists.
The organizers had sent a special invitation to Hungary, the home country of Mr.
Rubik, inventor of the cube, but unfortunately nobody wished to take part.

0802
Azonosító
jel:
0) C
A) before moving on to the last
B) set by Frenchman Jean Pons at the Dutch Open competition last year 12)
C) a brainy clutch of students

13)
D) slapping an electronic timing mat
E) which is determined by averaging three of five solution times in the
14)
final round
F) to move on to the finals 15)
G) and a head for memorizing algorithms used by most top competitors
H) so I was really happy with that 16)
I) so I was totally depressed

17)
K) to give the contestants equal footing
L) to give weaker contestants a little extra help
18)
M) and Lo himself by surprise
19)
20)
9 pont

0802
Azonosító
jel:
Task 4
Read this article about how Austria celebrated Mozart this year and then read the
statements following it.
• Mark a statement A if is true according to the article.
• Mark it B if it is false,
• Mark it C if, on the basis of the article, it cannot be decided if it is true or not.
Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers. There is an example (0) for you.
AUSTRIA CELEBRATES MOZART WITH CHOCOLATE
It's a symphony of sweets, a cantata of chocolates, a fugue of fantastic desserts on display at

Vienna's ornate Hofburg Palace.
The confectioners’ creations of Mozart motifs are part of the yearlong 250th birthday
celebrations for Austria's musical son.
But this chocoholic's dream comes with a catch – you can look, but you can't taste.
The mouthwatering spectacle, the city's fourth annual ''Austrian Chocolate Master''
competition, focused on the boy-wonder turned immortal this year – a given considering the
thousands of events revolving around Amadeus.
The concept was simple even if the outcome wasn't. Each team could use up to 88
pounds of Belgian chocolate to come up with a creation linked to the composer. To spice
things up, they had to work in a cake made with Grand Marnier liqueur. Non-chocolate props
and artificial ingredients were banned.
Attracted by the aroma of truffles and other delicacies into an exhibition hall set up in
the one-time city residence of Austria's Habsburg dynasty, tourists and locals alike marveled
at the edible artifacts – oversized violins, larger-than-life Mozart portraits, pianos, and themes
from different operas.
''They're superb and each one tells a story,'' said Adele Fernandes of Vienna, getting
out her glasses to get a better look.
The contestants, professional confectioners from Austria or Germany, created
masterpieces that the maestro, known for a sweet tooth, would have appreciated.
The first-prize winner, Leopold Forsthofer of Vienna, said it took him three weeks to
finish his opus, which among other things featured a graceful milk chocolate figurine dressed
in orange flower petals on top of the silhouette of a violin.
''I didn't want to be boring and pick a Mozart head like everyone else,'' the three-time
winner said.

0802
Azonosító
jel:
0) A
0) The venue of the chocolate exhibition celebrating Mozart was the
Hofburg Palace.
0) The exhibition will later be moved to the famous Rathaus of Vienna. 0) C
21) The chocolate statues will be on display all year. 21)
22) The confectioners’ competition was specially organized to honor

Mozart. 22)
23) The rules for the competition were just as simple as the actual exhibits
23)
produced by the competitors.
24) Visitors were attracted to the Hofburg by the smell of the various 24)
sweets on display.
25) The exhibits could be eaten, and visitors were invited to try whatever 25)
they liked.
26) As background music, visitors could listen to excerpts from some of 26)
Mozart’s most popular operas.
27)
27) There were no amateurs among the participants of the competition.
28) Mozart would have enjoyed tasting the exhibits. 28)
29) Leopold Forsthofer’s wife, a violinist, persuaded her husband to enter

29)
the competition.
30) According to Herr Forsthofer, creating an image of Mozart would have 30)
been a rather dull choice.

0802
jel:
Task 1
• Read this review of a children’s book and then read the statements (1-7) following it.
• Mark a statement A if it is true according to the article.
BOOKCLUB
Christopher Middleton on a children’s novel not to be ignored
First invent your villain. That’s the golden rule of all story-telling, as suggested by
unconventional Andy Stanton, author of Mr Gum and the Power Crystals, the fourth book in
a series which begins with You’re A Bad Man, Mr Gum! “I thought that if I took as my
starting point a truly horrible person, then the stories would flow,” declares Stanton. “And
they did!”
He hasn’t shied away from horribleness, either. As well as having ugly bloodshot eyes,
Mr Gum has a personality that’s less than winning. “He was a complete horror who hated
children and fun,” writes Stanton. “What he liked was snoozing in bed all day long, being
lonely and scowling at things.”
Together with his henchman Billy William the Third (England’s Most Horrible
Butcher), Mr Gum spends most of his time thinking up foul and anti-social schemes; in this
book, for example, he sets out to reactivate a 450-year-old curse that will bring fire and
destruction to his home town of Lamonic Bibber.
All he needs to achieve his dark ends is a pair of magical stones (also known as power
crystals). And the only person standing in his way is a brave little nine-year-old girl called
Polly.
“I think Polly is probably the only character in my books who isn’t completely
stupid,” says Stanton proudly, and a look down his cast list pretty much confirms this point of
view. That said, Polly’s friends and neighbours do combine kindness with daftness, especially
the eccentric Friday O’Leary and Old Granny, whose special talent is to shake her head and
say: “The past has a way of repeating itself” again and again.
Stanton’s writing method is to throw parts of a conventional novel up in the air and
then see where they come down. And it’s this extra element of norm-bending that makes the
book enjoyable for all ages, although from the outside you would think it was aimed at under-
eights.

0911
jel:
0) Andy Stanton originally thought that an evil character was difficult to 0) B

write about.
1)
1) It was his intention to make Mr Gum as nasty as possible.
2)
2) Billy William lives in a town called Lamonic Bibber.
3)
3) Mr Gum’s evil plans are directed against Lamonic Bibber.
4)
4) The magical stones belong to Polly.
5)
5) Polly is a lonely child.
6)
6) Old Granny is an intelligent and talented lady.
7) Mr Gum and the Power Crystals is an unconventional book that appeals 7)
to both children and adults.
7 pont

0911
jel:
Task 2
• Read this account of a piano tuner’s work, and then read the summary.
• Your task is to fill the gaps (8-13) in the summary with one word only.
• Write your answers on the dotted lines.
• An example marked (0) has been given for you.
THE PIANO TUNER

A little bit of patience and a lot of skill is the key to perfect tuning
Has it ever occurred to you that when you hear a piano played at a concert or on a recording,
you hear the tuner’s work as much as that of the pianist? Usually we are only remembered if
something goes wrong, and then there are no bouquets or subsequent royalties on CD sales!
The tuner has to make sure not only that the instrument is in tune but also that it’s
performing correctly. It has to be ‘regulated’ and ‘voiced’ as the artist requires, which is not
always easy to do.
What tuners need most of all is quiet, which at some concert halls can only be
achieved in the middle of the night. You would be amazed at how little understanding there
can be from both amateur and professional venues. At some places it is thought obligatory to
put out the audience chairs while the piano tuner is working!
When you arrive you often find that the rehearsal is overrunning and the conductor
needs ‘just 15 more minutes’, thereby reducing your working time − sometimes you have to
beg them to finish as you see the time quickly ticking away. No sooner have you started work
than inevitably various members of the orchestra return early and sometimes even start
practising while you’re trying to tune! The audience also often enters too early and takes no
account of the poor tuner, to the point where you can barely hear.
Among many members of the public, the image of the piano tuner is not good − an
old man with case and stick. However, today’s tuners are dynamic people who travel
worldwide to offer their skills to top concert halls and pianists.

0911
jel:
SUMMARY
Pianists are not the only people responsible for the success of a concert, but the contribution
of the (0) _____ is often overlooked. Their job is to ensure that the (8) _____ sounds exactly
as it should. Ideally, they would need absolute (9) _____ for their work. At some venues,
however, this is rather (10) _____ to get. People working in the concert hall, the public, or
even (11) _____ can make a lot of noise. Another thing that is necessary for doing the job
properly is (12) _____ , but often there is too little of this, too, between the (13) _____ and the
concert. Contrary to popular belief, piano tuners have a rather dynamic lifestyle.
8)
0) ............... tuner .....................
8) ………………………………….. 9)
9) …………………………………..
10)
10) …………………………………..
11) ………………………………….. 11)
12) …………………………………..
12)
13) …………………………………..
13)
6 pont

0911
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article on a famous sports event and then read the split sentences (14-21)
that follow.
• Your task is to match the half sentences according to the article.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers. An example (0) has been
given for you.
• Remember there are two extra letters that you will not need.
IRON MAIDENS
Two determined Londoners have set their sights on victory at one of the world’s toughest
sporting challenges, the Ironman
Ironman: even the name suggests something beyond normal human strength. Envisage
muscle-bound superheroes covered in Lycra doing incredible deeds and you wouldn’t be far
wrong. The world-famous triathlon is a gruelling test of endurance attracting 30,000 athletes
each year.
Whatever the scenery, whatever the weather this formidable event is the same: a 3.8-
km swim, a 180-km cycle ride and finally a 42-km marathon, to be completed consecutively
and within a 17-hour limit. Although ridiculously difficult, this test of physical courage has
not disheartened first-time competitors Nicole Mathison and Karen Berry. “Before we started
training, living and working in London meant we spent more nights in the pub than on the
race track,” says Nicole, an information manager. “Now, as well as the physical
improvements, I actually feel more alive; the mental and physical changes are amazing.”
“I know completing is not a matter of luck, it’s all in the preparation,” says Karen. So,
after eighteen months of training, how confident do they feel? “We’ve always believed that
Ironman success is achievable, but for us the main thing is completion, the actual endurance is
the challenge, not the time,” says Nicole.
It’s every man (and every woman) for themselves with this race. “I’ve had to acquire
new skills, like fixing punctures,” says Karen. “If you break down during the cycling section,
there’s no big strong man out there that is going to stop and help you refit your inner tube.”
Ironman is definitely for the fit, but not necessarily the young. Sister Madonna Buder,
an American nun, completed the 2006 course in Hawaii aged 76, finishing with just over one
hour to spare, double the world record of seven hours 50 minutes set in Germany in 1997.

0911
jel:
0) The Iron Maidens come from A coming first.

0) C
14) To succeed, participants need B enter a triathlon. 14)
15) The Ironman competition C London. 15)
takes
16) The regulations take no D strength and stamina. 16)
account of
17) The two women have been E completing the course. 17)
training for
18) Nicole finds training has F longer than other events. 18)
resulted in
19) Completing the course is more G mental and physical progress. 19)
important than
20) One thing participants might H less than a day. 20)
need to do is
21) Older people are capable of I over a year. 21)
K mend their bikes.
L varying physical conditions.
8 pont

0911
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about a tragic 19th century event. Some words have been removed
from the text.
• Your task is to fill the gaps (22-30) with the correct items from the list.
• Put the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
• Remember that there are two more letters than you need.
DEATH IN THE VIENNA WOODS
It was a scandal that shook an empire. At 7am on January 30th, 1889, the Archduke Rudolf,
heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was found dead together with his mistress,
Baroness Marie Vetsera in the Imperial hunting lodge at Mayerling in the Vienna Woods,
fifteen miles southwest of the capital. Was it suicide as (0) ________ or was it murder? The
police closed their investigations with surprising haste, and the dossier on the investigations
(22) ________ in the state archives as it should normally have been. Members of the Imperial
household were sworn to secrecy. Yet, despite these attempts to cover up, almost at once
(23) ________ in Vienna of a politically motivated assassination.
The death of the Crown Prince had grave consequences for the history of Europe.
Undoubtedly, it (24) ________ in the developments that led to the assassination of the
Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serb nationalist at Sarajevo in June 1914 and the subsequent
drift into the First World War.
Unlike his conservative father, the Emperor Franz Joseph, Rudolf was reform-minded
and liberal. His education (25) ________ by one of his tutors, Father Jacint Rónay, who
taught the young Rudolf about philosophy, the ethics of power and the history of the Austro-
Hungarian monarchy. Rónay (26) ________ in the Hungarian Democratic Revolution of 1848
to 1849; he had narrowly escaped capture and lived in England as an exile for almost two
decades. With his writings and lectures during this period, he (27) ________ as a radical
philosopher.
Rónay was much impressed by the maturity of the young Rudolf and, as well as
shaping his thinking in a liberal mould, instilled in him a deep sense of his historical
responsibility. Using various pen names, Rudolf began to write newspaper articles and
pamphlets (28) ________ pan-German Austrian policies and spelling out his own radical
ideas about internal reforms and foreign policies. By the end of 1888, Rudolf (29) ________
the German Kaiser Wilhelm and the Emperor Franz Joseph, as well as powerful pan-German
members of the Vienna establishment.
So were the rumours true? If so, who exactly were the paymasters who hired the hit-
men for that January night in 1889? We may never know. What we do know is that Rudolf
(30) ________ : Wilhelm did try to create a Greater German Reich by force of arms and, in
the process, totally destabilized the whole of Europe for the next half century.

0911
jel:
A openly criticising 0) C
B foresaw the future 22)
C the official explanation claimed
23)
D established an international reputation
E wild rumours began to circulate 24)
F had been hugely influenced

25)
G on opposite sides
26)
H had been involved
I was a serious challenge 27)
K had seriously upset
28)
L was not deposited
M was a key event 29)
30)
9 pont

0911
jel:
Task 1
• Read this article about some beautiful tourist spots and then read the questions (1-8)
that follow.
• Your task is to give short answers consisting of maximum two words based on the
information in the article.
• Write your answers on the dotted lines after the questions.
ISLAND HOPPING
Some of the best places to visit in the world are much closer than you might think
If you live in Britain, you don’t have to go far to find places listed in the book Unforgettable
Islands To Escape To Before You Die. It only takes a couple of hours to scoot away and
explore everything from snowy Arctic wastes to balmy Mediterranean paradises. Here are
some must-sees...
The Southern Dalmatian islands of Croatia are some of the most untouched parts of the
Mediterranean. Until recently, many of them were closed by the military. But this doesn’t
mean they lack charm. You can walk the cobbled streets of the fortified town of Korcula,
(alleged birthplace of Marco Polo), eat fresh fish in the hidden harbour of Lastovo or visit the
Blue Cave − so called because of the effect of sunlight shining through an underwater
entrance.
The best way to see the islands is by boat. Sail Croatia offers good prices on skippered
yachts. At night you can moor in a quiet spot and eat on board or drop anchor closer to shore
and hang out in a restaurant. During the day, explore the islands or sail to a deserted cove to
swim in bright turquoise water.
The Svalbard Archipelago, comprising over a thousand islands, almost all of them
uninhabited, is officially part of Norway but is well within the Arctic Circle. In the winter, the
sun never shines but in the short summer there is permanent daylight. The archipelago is
home to the fierce polar bear. They wander freely across the pack ice, hunting for seals. If you
walk outside the tiny settlement of Longyearbyen on the island of Spitsbergen, you are
advised to have an armed guard to keep you safe.
The remote east of Svalbard is stunningly beautiful, with mountains, glaciers and
kilometres of floating pack ice. The Explorer, owned by Gap Adventures, cruises these waters
looking out for polar bears, walruses and reindeer.
Closer to home, don’t miss the Isles of Scilly. Just off the coast of Cornwall, each of these
islands has its own character. Bryher is sometimes hit by gale force winds that sweep in from
the Atlantic, but the islands generally enjoy a balmy sub-tropical climate. On Tresco you can
walk through forests of giant tree ferns from New Zealand and appreciate cacti from all over
the world. There are kilometres of unspoilt beaches, as well as the highest concentration of
archaeological sites in the country. There are burial chambers, menhirs (standing stones) and
the remains of Stone Age villages.

0912
jel:
0) Where does the information contained in the article come from? 0)
................... A book .................... .

1) Who used to be the only people allowed on some islands in southern
1)
Croatia?
.......................................................... .
2) Where does the article suggest you can eat if you don’t feel like going to a 2)
restaurant?
.......................................................... .
3) Apart from Korcula, how many more sights in Dalmatia are recommended 3)
by the writer?
.......................................................... .
4) Which Norwegian island can be dangerous unless you have adequate 4)
protection?
.......................................................... .
5) What is the name of the ship that will take you to the eastern part of 5)
Svalbard?
.......................................................... .
6) What makes the climate of Bryher different from the other islands’? 6)
.......................................................... .
7) What makes it possible for tree ferns and cacti to grow on Tresco? 7)
.......................................................... .
8) In addition to their natural beauty, what else are the Scilly Isles 8)
exceptionally rich in?
.......................................................... .
8 pont

0912
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article on British immigrants in Bulgaria and then read the sentences
(9-13) following the text.
• Your task is to decide which of the options A, B, C or D best completes each
sentence according to the information in the text.
INFLUX OF ’SPONGERS’ ... FROM UK
Immigrants are being accused of drug dealing, tax-dodging, sponging off the state and taking
advantage of free healthcare. The immigrants are Britons − and their accusers are Bulgarians.
After all the complaints at home about migrants from eastern Europe, Britons are on the
receiving end as they take advantage of Bulgaria’s low cost of living, cheap property and mild
climate.
Martin Rogers, 66, who moved to Bulgaria after retiring, said locals were just jealous
because British people were buying up the best properties and had more money. But Peter
Kandilarov, regional director for Varna in eastern Bulgaria, said he was fed up with dealing
with British troublemakers who cause problems with drugs, run unlicensed bars and dodge
taxes. He said: “We are getting flooded with requests from British people who want free
dental care ─ but do any of them pay health insurance? No.”
Cheap flights and Bulgaria’s entry into the European Union have made the country an
attractive destination for Britons. At first they were welcomed but now many complain about
their behaviour and alleged disregard for local laws.
Property firm Asta Bridge estimates 29 per cent of all real estate in Bulgaria is owned by
foreigners − 67 per cent of them British and Irish.

0912
jel:
0) The article says that

A) more and more Eastern Europeans are moving to Britain.
0) D
B) most Eastern Europeans in the UK are involved in crime.
C) Bulgarians are happy about the growing number of Britons in
Bulgaria.
D) Bulgarians are worried about the growing number of Britons in
Bulgaria.
9) One of the reasons for the tension between immigrants and locals is that 9)
A) locals think Britons shouldn’t be allowed to buy land in Bulgaria.
B) locals think Britons make unfair use of the opportunities in
Bulgaria.
C) retired people complain that prices are going up too fast.
D) rich Britons tend to look down on local people.
10) An official in Varna finds it unacceptable that many Britons 10)

A) come to Varna after they retire.
B) spend time in unlicensed bars.
C) refuse to pay taxes for their cars.
D) show no respect for the law.
11) Britons find Bulgaria a pleasant country to live in because of 11)

A) the welcome they get from local people.
B) the good investment opportunities that it offers.
C) a combination of various factors.
D) the chance to avoid paying taxes.
12) Bulgarian attitudes to British immigrants 12)

A) have changed over the years.
B) are often extremely unfriendly.
C) give cause for complaint.
D) worry the British authorities.
13) Statistics show that 13)

A) almost one third of property in Bulgaria now belongs to
foreigners.
B) Britons have bought up almost two thirds of all real estate.
C) joint British-Irish investments are on the increase.
D) Asta Bridge is the most successful real estate firm in the region.
5 pont

0912
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article on the Queen of England’s finances. Some words have been left out
from the text.
• Your task is to fill the gaps (14-23) with expressions from the list (A-N).
• Remember that there are two extra phrases that you will not need.
QUEEN ASKS FOR EXTRA £1M TO REPAIR DECREPIT PALACES

Pieces falling off historic buildings
The Queen is seeking an extra £1 million of (0 )________ to save her crumbling palaces.
Matters came to a head this year when a lump of stone (14) ________ fell from a
Buckingham Palace façade and narrowly missed the Princess Royal’s parked car. Another
piece fell off as guests arrived for a Palace reception for the scientific community.
At Windsor Castle an area of lead roof the size of the Wimbledon Centre Court
and Court No.1 (15) ________ is in pressing need of renewal; at Buckingham Palace two
thirds of the roof is at least 120 years old, and cannot go on indefinitely with make-do
patching.
Sir Alan Reid, the accountant (16) ________ of the Queen’s money, said the annual
government grant for the maintenance of the royal palaces had been frozen at £15 million in
1991 and had since declined (17) ________ by more than two thirds in real terms.
“We are seriously behind schedule (18) ________, and if our historic buildings are to
remain safe it is essential that the grant is increased by £1 million a year,” Sir Alan said.
Royal officials fear that unless they can keep up a rolling programme of repairs and
replacement, (19) ________ will eventually become hideously expensive. They also fear that
the enormous amount of construction work involved in building London’s Olympic facilities
will lead to hugely (20) ________ for other customers seeking skilled tradesmen.
A Palace property manager, standing in the Quadrangle and gesturing at the crumbling
east façade and the three other sides in dire need of cleaning, said: “There are bound to be a
lot of receptions here during the Olympics; it would be nice if visitors from around the world
found such a famous building (21) ________ .”
Overall, this year the monarchy cost the taxpayer £37.3 million, marginally less than last
year. Sir Alan described it as less than the cost of two (22) ________ for every man, woman
and child in the country.
The figure infuriates anti-monarchists, who point out that it ignores the huge
(23) ________ , estimated to be at least £100 million a year but never disclosed in official
figures.

0912
jel:
0) C
A) in maintenance projects 14)

B) the size of a shoebox
15)
C) taxpayers’ money
D) lack of attention 16)
E) 1st-class stamps 17)

F) essential work
18)
G) in good repair
H) security bill 19)
I) combined
20)
K) in pursuit
21)
L) increased costs
M) in charge 22)
N) in value
23)
10 pont

0912
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about an art exhibition in London and then read the gapped
sentences (24-30) that follow the text.
• Your task is to fill the gaps with maximum three words based on the information in
the text.
• Write your answers on the dotted lines.
BARBARIANS AT THE GATE
It’s easy to create a work of art these days, isn’t it? The doors of the gallery have been flung
wide open. No need for years of training, life classes, copying old masters. It’s all been
democratised, and anyone can do it. Right?
Well, that’s what some of us at the Daily Telegraph arts desk were hoping when we came
up with the idea of trying to get into the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition.
It’s the granddady of all open access shows, the country’s greatest opportunity − no, the
world’s greatest opportunity − for painters to get their works on the walls of a prestigious
gallery.
We knew the odds were stacked against us − there were, after all, almost 9,000 entries
this year, and only 1,000 of them were successful. But working on the arts desk would give us
a head start, surely. We look at art all the time, write about it, commission articles on it, go to
art galleries.
So, with the crazy carelessness of amateur climbers trying to scale Everest in their
afternoon off, we set out to make art. There were the bureaucratic hoops to jump through −
registration forms, entry forms, barcodes, sticky labels. But that wasn’t the big problem. The
big problem was that we are journalists.
It took Michelangelo four years to paint the Sistine Chapel, but give a journalist a
deadline and he won’t think about starting until the night before. Suddenly the date for
delivery was almost upon us and there were nervous questions about how long paint took to
dry. One of us managed to create a sculpture without leaving the office, and on delivery day
another could be seen waiting nervously on Buckingham Palace Road for a courier with an
emergency framing job.
The results, though, amazed us. Even allowing for compulsory politeness to friends and
colleagues, what we had produced didn’t seem too bad at all. Some had revealed unsuspected
skill, others great imagination and others, well, a certain low cunning.
Did any of us get in? No. But we’d taken part in a remarkable British institution, we’d felt
a sense of fellowship with the extraordinary community of have-a-go artists, and we had
reawakened faculties which in some of us had lain dormant since childhood.
And we consoled ourselves with the thought cherished by rejected artists through the ages
− the world isn’t ready for us yet.

0912
jel:
0) These days the art world appears to be ....... much more democratic ...... than it 0)
used to be.
24) Every summer the Royal Academy in London has ......................................... 24)
.................... exhibition. This means anyone can enter their paintings.
25)
25) The writer of this article and his colleagues work for
............................................................. .
26)
26) They knew it was going to be difficult to get into the show as there were
about .................................................................... art works than places.
27) Because of their background they thought that their chances were 27)
....................................................................... ordinary people’s.
28) As journalists usually do, they didn’t start work until 28)
......................................................................... .
29) However, the quality of the finished products made them feel 29)
........................................................................ .
30) The fact that they hadn’t .............................................................. didn’t 30)
disappoint them at all; they felt that taking part had been a worthwhile
experience.
7 pont

0912
jel:
Task 1
• Read this article about school sports and then read the sentences (1-9) following it.
MAKE PE AT SCHOOL EXCITING − AND FUN
Scarred by the trauma of gym classes as a girl, Becky Pugh welcomes a broader curriculum
The news that schools are now offering yoga, Pilates* and “street dancing” in addition to
team games such as rugby, football and cricket is sure to have traditionalists up in arms.
What will become of children never exposed to the character-building horrors of rugby
practice in the rain? What kind of adults will they become without the elegance and discipline
instilled by gymnastics? Can you really call yourself a man without a keen eye for an offside
trap?
Well, I think Ofsted’s* discoveries are heartening. The education watchdog’s report on the
state of physical education in schools today hits the nail on the head: “The rich variety of
extra-curricular programmes enabled most students to discover something they liked and
wanted to carry on with into adulthood.”
I, for one, am still scarred by the trauma of PE at school. I remain allergic to any form of
exercise. I’ve tried the gym, swimming, yoga, running in the park, and have even attempted a
British Military Fitness session. But I can’t elicit the smallest amount of pleasure from any of
them.
I’m convinced that I’d have been happier at school, and fitter now, if our games lessons
had felt more like fun. Indeed, one of the paradoxes of my school days was that I was
regularly reprimanded for attending lessons in tracksuit bottoms and a cotton shirt, but loathed
every minute of physical activity.
In fact, the only time I ever enjoyed exercise at school was when they began to offer
improbably progressive-sounding “jazz dancing” classes to the sixth form. To the strains of
pop music, we laboured over moves that we believed might come in useful at the nightclubs
we were just starting to enjoy. It wasn’t painful, it wasn’t scary and it wasn’t embarrassing.
Happily, the result of introducing these newfangled alternatives to the curriculum is a boost
in pupils’ enthusiasm for exercise. In a world with ever-fewer playing fields, where physical
activity is threatened by the allure of the internet, the TV and computer games, we should be
delighted if a child can be bothered to perfect their karate kicks, not outraged that they’ll
never know how to play cricket.
(The Daily Telegraph)
*Pilates: a physical fitness system

*Ofsted: Office for Standards in Education

1011
jel:
0) Traditional PE lessons and team sports are being replaced by alternative 0) B

classes in schools.
1) Some of these new-style lessons cannot be held in an ordinary gym hall. 1)
2) Traditionalists believe it is good for young people to endure some 2)

hardships in PE lessons.
3) The Ofsted report outlines possible future benefits once the reforms have 3)
been introduced.
4) The article emphasizes the importance of motivation in PE. 4)
5) The author was so traumatised by her PE lessons that she never did any
5)
sports once she had left school.
6) Her doctor suggested that she should take up some form of exercise to 6)
improve her health.
7) Paradoxically, even though the author hated PE at school, she often wore 7)
sports gear.
8) Her school was exceptional in that it allowed sixth formers to visit 8)
nightclubs.
9) It is physical activity that children need, not any particular type of sport. 9)
9 pont

1011
jel:
Task 2
• In this article about a supermarket some sentences have been left out.
• Your task is to match the sentences (A-I) with the gaps (10-15).
SHELF LIFE
Simon Parke was a priest in the Church of England for 20 years − then he gave it up to work
in a supermarket, where he stacked shelves and worked on the tills. (0) _________
My cousin, Bob, tells me that a supermarket is the place where you always meet the
person you least want to meet in the world − and he has a lot to choose from. He claims he’s
forever ducking in and out of the aisles, like a soldier in a war zone, seeking cover where he
can find it. (10) _________ .
And as he says, ‘You particularly don’t want to meet that former teacher, because either
they’ll struggle to remember you, which is embarrassing, or they will remember you, which is
again embarrassing, or they’ll ask you how things are going now, which is embarrassing in a
new way. (11) _________ .’
I hadn’t fully appreciated the angst created by ex-teachers in supermarkets. It’s hardly
their fault, of course. They imagine they’re just nipping in to grab a cheesecake or some
grapes. Little do they know that, all around them, former pupils are cowering by the
cauliflowers. (12) _________ .
My main problem as a priest, though, was recognising people − but not knowing why. So
when I meet somebody, I’d be wondering: have I buried their mum? Baptised their daughter?
Or heard their confession of adultery? This can make for a tricky opening few seconds of
conversation. (13) _________ .
There are those worse off than Bob, however. After all, if he walks into the store and
discovers the person he least wants to meet in the world − well, he can always walk out. But
what of the poor so-and-so who has that person as a colleague? (14) _________ .
Where ultimate power now lies, is hard to tell. Garry is still the manager, but Pauline is a
rival − and really getting on our nerves. (15) _________ .
(Daily Mail Weekend)

1011
jel:
0) C
A) Or they won’t recognise you at all.
B) If ex-teachers were our only worry, we’d be happy indeed amid these
10)
aisles.
C) Here, he opens his diary…
D) ‘So, how are things?’ I’d say, scanning their faces for clues of
11)
mourning, happiness or slight embarrassment.
E) ‘This is not shouting! I know what shouting is and this isn’t it.’
F) If it’s not the old girlfriend by the sandwiches, or an ex-band-member 12)
by the fish, it’s a former teacher taking ages to choose a dessert.
G) ‘What on earth is going on here?’
H) Bob thinks there should be specially designated supermarkets for 13)
former teachers, leaving ‘safety zones’ where people like him can shop
freely.
14)
I) That’s how it is with Garry, my boss at the supermarket, and our new
‘co-ordinator’ Pauline from the head office.
15)
6 pont

1011
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about a new production of a Shakespeare comedy and then read
the split sentences (16-25) that follow.
• Your task is to match the sentence halves so that they best correspond to what the
article says.
• Write the letters (A-N) in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
THE MERRY WIVES OF SITCOM
Jasper Rees meets the director who is introducing Shakespeare to Fawlty Towers∗
Exactly how funny is The Merry Wives of Windsor in the 21st century? With Christopher
Luscombe as director, this month’s new production at Shakespeare’s Globe is likely to be
very funny indeed. Two summers ago Luscombe had a popular hit at the same theatre with a
Comedy of Errors production inspired by the Carry On films. For this fresh attempt to make
the more difficult parts of Shakespearean comedy accessible to a modern audience, his
reference point is sitcom.
“The Merry Wives of Windsor feels very conversational, very relaxed,” he says. “It seems
to me to be written absolutely as people spoke. But I was scared of using the sitcom tag until I
read this very authoritative academic article comparing Merry Wives with Fawlty Towers.
There are so many connections. John Cleese∗ must have been familiar with it.”
It is often claimed that The Merry Wives of Windsor came about as a result of a royal
request. The queen, having enjoyed Falstaff’s visits to the Boar’s Head tavern in Henry IV
part one, wanted to be further entertained by the fat knight, and Shakespeare dutifully bashed
out his only play set in contemporary England.
The first question for Luscombe to answer was which version of the play to stage. A
Quarto edition was cobbled together by actors in 1604, the more reliable Folio published in
1623. The traditional approach is to work from the Folio, but Luscombe has chosen to marry
the two. “There is no version that Shakespeare saw through to publication. You have to do
what you feel he would approve of. I feel he’d say ‘whatever works’, particularly in a play
like this. It’s no great poetry. All I’m trying to do is make 400-year-old material really funny.”
(Daily Telegraph Review)
∗Fawlty Towers: a humorous TV series

∗John Cleese: the actor playing Mr Fawlty

1011
jel:
0) C
0) The Globe theatre A) aims to help modern audiences
enjoy Shakespeare’s
comedies. 16)
16) Comedy of Errors B) in Luscombe’s Merry Wives is

a mixture of the two
17)
different sources.
17) Luscombe C) is to stage a new production of
The Merry Wives of
18)
Windsor.
18) Fawlty Towers D) has probably read the essay the
director is referring to. 19)
19) John Cleese E) was directed by the same
person in a similar vein.
20) The Merry Wives of F) has written an article 20)
Windsor comparing the two plays.

21) None of Shakespeare’s G) may have been written to
21)
plays please the queen.
22) The Quarto H) paid regular visits to the
Boar’s Head tavern. 22)
23) The Folio I) is used by most of the directors
of Shakespeare’s plays.
24) Shakespeare K) bears a number of similarities 23)
to The Merry Wives.

25) The text L) was not directly involved in
the printing of the play. 24)
M) is the earlier, less reliable

edition.
25)
N) , with just one exception, are
set in his own lifetime.
10 pont

1011
jel:
Task 4
• Read this review of a popular science book and then read the sentences (26-30) that
follow.
• Your task is to choose the option (A-D) that best corresponds to what the review
says.
SHUT UP AND CALCULATE!
YOU ARE HERE: A Portable History of the Universe by Christopher Potter
For the past 20 years or so, popular-science books have attempted to explain to an incredulous
public the latest theories put forward by scientists to explain mystifying stuff such as quarks,
various types of subatomic particles, black holes, and so on. Reading these books you
occasionally note a tone of slight impatience from the author when the really tricky stuff
comes along. “Look, you dummies, it just is, ok?”
Or, as Christopher Potter repeatedly puts it in this elegant and thoughtfully constructed
contribution to the genre: “Shut up and calculate!” Even Feynman, a brilliant Nobel prize-
winning scientist, who tried to get the message across a generation ago in Six Easy Pieces,
struggled; not all of those pieces are that easy, to be honest.
Potter’s book works because he is not (quite) a physicist, but nor is he merely a layman. He
is a publisher with a fairly modest (he suggests) academic background in mathematics and the
history of science. And this is the root of the book’s brilliance: Potter becomes a link between
the bizarre world of the quantum physicists and our own rather more limited imaginations.
He makes complicated numbers comprehensible by taking us from the world we know and
recognise − everything around us for ten metres, for example, from the size of a giraffe to the
size of a human being − in stages down to things so small that size has no real meaning, and
upwards to distances that, without his guidance, would seem so great as to be meaningless.
The distances and the scale become comprehensible.
Potter takes us beyond the realms of the solar system, past our nearest neighbouring star
(four light years away), beyond the outer boundaries of our galaxy, the Milky Way, until, near
the end, we hit a solid supercluster of galaxies one billion light years away. And then, a little
later, we are dragged through ever-diminishing stages back down to the quarks, which are at
the very boundary of what we might call both “size” and “reality”.
This is the most thoughtful pop science book of the last few years, and, along with The
Oxford Book of Modern Science Writing, the most useful to the layman.
(The Sunday Times)

1011
jel:
0)
A) In the past 20 years or so incredible scientific discoveries have been made. 0) D
B) Modern scientific theory should be explained in more straightforward
language.
C) Readers of popular science books are made impatient by complicated new
theories.
D) Science book writers have found it hard to explain new theories in simple
terms.
26)
A) Potter is an elegant and thoughtful man. 26)
B) Potter’s Portable History is a popular science book.
C) Feynman won the Nobel-prize for his Six Easy Pieces.
D) Even Feynman had difficulty understanding some new theories.
27)
A) Potter succeeds in making scientific theory accessible to the general public. 27)
B) He has written various books on mathematics and the history of science.
C) He has carried our research and taught quantum physics at an academy.
D) His Portable History has been influenced by his teaching experience.
28)
A) Potter has a way of making numbers meaningful to the non-specialist reader. 28)
B) The best parts of Potter’s book describe things that readers are familiar with.
C) Potter makes some scientific claims that appear completely meaningless.
D) It is hard to understand what Potter is trying to say about great distances.
29)
A) Potter starts out on his imaginary journey from our nearest neighbouring star. 29)
B) Potter gives a description of the Milky Way towards the end of the book.
C) Potter takes the reader to the very edge of the universe.
D) Potter suggests that quarks have neither size nor reality.
30)
A) The reviewer believes Potter’s Portable History is an outstanding book. 30)
B) The reviewer says no comparable books have been published recently.
C) Potter has contributed to the Oxford collection of modern science writing.
D) Potter’s book is even more useful to the layman than the Oxford publication.

1011
Azonosító
Task 1
• Read these quotes from interviews with primary and secondary teachers.
• Each quote has been cut into two. Your task is to match the two parts of the quotes.
• Write the letters (A-K) in the white boxes next to the numbers (1-7). An example (0)
has been given for you.
• Remember there are two extra letters that you do not need.
BACK TO SCHOOL
THINGS YOUR CHILD’S TEACHER WON’T TELL YOU
0) Teaching is a calling.
1) I have parents who are CEOs* of their own companies coming in and telling me how to
run my classroom.
2) We can tell the difference between a parent helping their child with homework and
doing it for them.
3) Encourage your child to keep reading even if you yourself have no time for it.
4) Teaching is not as joyful as it once was for many of us.
5) Parents give their kids the pricey gadgets and clothes, but that’s not what kids need.
6) Nobody says “the dog ate my homework” any more, but we hear a lot of “I left it on the
kitchen table.”
7) We wish parents would make their kids take responsibility for their actions.
(Readers Digest, October 2009)

*CEO: Chief Executive Officer

1111
Azonosító
A) That’s the key to success in the classroom at any age.

0) C
B) Instead, some will try to pressure us to bend the rules.
C) There’s not a teacher alive who will say she went into 1)
this for the money.
D) This will help you deal with conflicts in the coming 2)

school year.
E) I would never think of going and telling them how to do

3)
their jobs.
F) Disrespectful students and belligerent parents can be

4)
very frustrating.
G) What they really crave is for you to talk to them. They

5)
want to know you are interested in their lives.
H) However, parents and teachers are really on the same

6)
side.
I) And then Mom will send in a note to back up the excuse.

7)
K) Especially when they are clueless in class the next day.
7 pont

1111
Azonosító
Task 2
• Read this article about an unusual way of publishing poems and then read the
sentences (8-14) following it.
• Mark it C if there isn’t enough information in the text to decide if the sentence is
true or not.
POET HIJACKS ATLANTA STREETS WITH HAIKU* ADVERTISING CAMPAIGN
Artist satirises roadside adverts by nailing his poetry to traffic lights and streetlamps across
the city
Artist John Morse has been peppering Atlanta’s road intersections with haikus, nailing his
poetry to traffic lights and streetlamps in an attempt to provide commuters with “poetic
snapshots of the urban condition”.
Mimicking the usual advertisements for weight loss and health insurance, Morse’s poems
began appearing throughout the city last month. From the advice: “Lose ugly weight fast!!/
Feel Happier! Healthier!/ Dump your bigotry” to: “Meet local singles!!/ Easy: stand near
others/ Hang up your cell phone” and: “Free debt counselling/ Take the important first step/
Beware signs like these”, the artist has written 10 different haikus, printed 50 copies of each
and placed them at 500 locations across Atlanta.
“People read these bandit signs. They’ll read them if it’s about an electrician or they’ll
read them if it’s about anything”, explained Morse. “So if they read it and they like it, great,
if they read it and they don’t like it, great. But the fact is they’ll read it, they’re going to read
my poetry and that’s my goal.
“There’s a great deal of bad in the world, and one of the few things that helps endure the
cruelties of the world is art,” he said. “A little bit of art can do a great deal of good. And I
want to spend my life doing something good … Will it be good? I don’t know. But I’m going
to try.”
Backed by artist support group Flux Projects, which says the signs offer “compact
observations and commentary on modern life”, the Roadside Haiku initiative is scheduled to
run until the end of October. The haikus haven’t been welcomed by everyone, however:
Peggy Denby of Keep Atlanta Beautiful described them as “litter on a stick” and told local
news site wsbtv.com there would be fines if they weren’t taken down.
(http:/www.guardian.co.uk, September 2010)
*haiku: short poem

1111
Azonosító
0) John Morse’s poems can be read at crossroads in Atlanta. 0) A
8) The haikus are mostly about beauty spots around the city. 8)
9) The poet makes his haikus resemble typical advertisements. 9)
10) The idea for this campaign came to Morse years ago. 10)
11) The same haikus appear at various places in the city. 11)
12) Morse is not sure people will read his poems. 12)
13) It is Morse’s belief that art has a social impact. 13)
14) Flux Projects has backed similar initiatives in the city. 14)
7 pont

1111
Azonosító
Task 3
• In this article, which compares British and French attitudes to health, some phrases
are missing.
• Your task is to fill in the gaps (15-25) from the list (A-O) below.
• Write the letters into the white boxes next to the numbers as in the example (0).
A CURIOUSLY FRENCH COMPLAINT
When I was a student, living in Avignon in the south of France, I remember waking up one
morning shortly before Christmas, feeling shivery and as if someone had spent the night
(0) ___________ .
After a couple of days of wheezing and coughing, I took myself to the doctor and explained
that I was feeling a bit ropey. One hour later I had been diagnosed with (15) ___________ , mild
asthma and had in my hand a prescription for six different types of medicine, an appointment at
the local hospital’s radiology department and an emergency referral to (16) ___________ .
The next day I flew home to the UK for the Christmas holidays where my worried parents
persuaded me to visit their local GP (17) ___________ . After five minutes in his consulting
room, I emerged empty-handed but (18) ___________ . I had a cold.
I am not suggesting that the French are a nation of hypochondriacs but they do
(19) ___________ very seriously. Now they are ‘Anglicising’ the system, turning away from the
indulgent “There, there” approach and moving towards a much more ‘Get along with you now’
(20) ___________ . It is not going down well: patients are deeply disappointed if they do not get a
prescription after a visit to the doctor.
French malady
There is one disease that only the Gallic (21) ___________ , and in fact it is one of the illnesses
French people complain about most. Correct me if I am wrong, but have you ever heard a British
person complain they are suffering from ‘heavy legs’? Fascinated by a malady to which British
people appear immune, I went to my local pharmacy in Paris and asked the smiling young chemist
if she could advise me on (22) ___________ . “Oh, bad luck,” she said indicating two entire
shelves of pills and potions. “Do you get heavy legs in the winter too? I only suffer from them in
the summer.”
Emergency treatment
A couple of years back, while skiing in the Alps after a tiring stint in Afghanistan
(23) ___________ , I noticed my legs were covered in small red spots and I was feeling lethargic.
Could I finally have contracted the elusive heavy leg syndrome? “No!” said the alarmed French
doctor, “you have a tropical illness and you need to go straight to hospital.” Laughing to myself at
the typical Gallic solicitousness, I popped a Paracetamol and headed straight (24) ___________ .
Two days later, delirious with fever and covered in enormous black lumps, I was lying in
the isolation unit of a London hospital, (25) ___________ what my test results would reveal.
Alarmed by my cries, a masked nurse popped her head around the door. “Oh for goodness
sake,” she said brusquely. “Anyone would think you were dying. You’ve only got suspected
leprosy.”
(BBC NEWS, 13/12/2008)

1111
Azonosító
A) a specialist in pulmonary disease
B) howling in pain and terrified of 0) C
C) sandpapering my throat 15)
D) appear to be affected by 16)
E) remedies for heavy legs 17)
F) a severe lung infection 18)
G) stiff upper lip attitude 19)
H) with a new diagnosis 20)
I) reporting for the BBC 21)
K) for a second opinion 22)
L) get signed off work 23)
M) back to the slopes 24)
N) reassure patients 25)
O) take their health
11 pont

1111
Azonosító
Task 4
• Read this article about the winner of a TV quiz and then read the sentences (26-30)
following it.
• Your task is to decide which of the options A, B, C or D best completes each sentence
based on what the text says.
THE QUIZ QUEEN WHO MADE THEM TREMBLE
The quiz master called it an “intellectual blitzkrieg” after Gail Trimble of Corpus Christi
College, Oxford led her team to victory in the grand final of the University Challenge
competition. Hailed as the brainiest woman on British television, the postgraduate classics
student became a cult figure last week, with commentators divided over whether she was to
be praised for her brilliance or denounced as “horribly smug”.
Laughing excitedly, Trimble, 26, repeatedly slammed her buzzer to address questions
ranging from literature to science. Possibly the contest’s most successful ever contestant, she
scored more right answers than any other participant − getting right over two thirds of all the
questions. (“Which of Shakespeare’s plays is the only one to be set in Vienna and concerns
the city’s Duke adopting a disguise?” “Measure for Measure.” “Which German bacteriologist
gave his name to a shallow glass or plastic cylindrical dish that biologists use to culture
cells?” “Petri.” “The name of the kingdom that according to Aristophanes was built by
birds?” “Cloud Cuckoo Land.” etc.)
Tiny Corpus Christi College triumphed over Manchester University but it was the
beating the team gave to Exeter University in the quarter final − described by the stunned
question master as “less a quiz, more a cull” − that first brought the Trimble phenomenon to
public attention.
Not all reaction has been pleasant, though. There have been some nasty comments, and
she has been ridiculed on social networking sites for being too intellectual. Miss Trimble −
bespectacled with long brown hair and a beaming smile − said she had been taken aback by
the hostility after experiencing no such problems at school or university. Asked if she thought
there was an element of sexism in it she said: “I’m sure this wouldn’t happen if I wasn’t a
woman.”
Trimble, whose mother was a magistrate and father a BT manager, gained four A-levels
at A grade and was always a brainbox. “I seemed to find school a lot easier than other people
− I realised I was a bit different because my classmates were always asking for help with their
homework.”
But there’s a lighter side too. She likes cooking, gin and tonic and The Simpsons∗ − and
has a boyfriend of five years, Tom West, a trainee solicitor. Nonetheless, it’s not always easy
having a massive brain. “I’ve had lots of issues about my self image − I try really hard not to
come across as too clever.”
(The Sunday Times 01.03.2009)
∗ The Simpsons: humorous television cartoon programme

1111
Azonosító
0) The phrase “intellectual blitzkrieg” here means 0) B

A) an intellectual disaster.
B) an intellectual triumph.
C) University Challenge.
D) the winner of the quiz.
26) Media reactions to Gail Trimble’s achievement were 26)

A) mixed.
B) unanimous.
C) mostly positive.
D) mostly negative.
27) What put Trimble above other quizzers was her 27)
A) background as a classical scholar.
B) vast knowledge and fast recall.
C) speed in slamming the buzzer.
D) exceptional brain for a girl.
28) From the quarter final on Trimble received a lot of publicity 28)
A) and she enjoyed it tremendously.
B) and she was surprised by some of it.
C) but she shrugged off nasty comments.
D) but she took no interest in what people said.
29) Trimble, who comes from a family of professionals, 29)

A) was a high achiever at school.
B) looked down on less fortunate kids.
C) was considered different by her mates.
D) had problems at school despite her brain.
30) It seems that 30)

A) Trimble and her boyfriend share many interests.
B) her boyfriend, Tom West, is as brilliant as she is.
C) Trimble doesn’t want others to find her too brainy.
D) she is good at simple things such as cooking, too.

5 pont

1111
jel:
Task 1
• In this text about an outdoor music festival some parts of sentences
are missing.
• Your task is to reconstruct the text by filling in the gaps from the
list.
• Write the letters (A-L) in the white boxes next to the numbers
(1-8) as in the example (0).
SUN, SAND AND SYMPHONIES
Towards the end of Wagner’s Tannhäuser Overture, the heavens open. Those audience
members in the know (0) ____________ , others go scurrying for shelter. But the orchestra
and its instruments are under cover, and (1) ____________ at an outdoor music festival?
Well, this is no polite British drizzle, it’s a tropical downpour − (2) ____________ when
holding a classical music festival in the Seychelles. However, the deluge only lasts a couple
of minutes, and the audience drifts back to hear Tchaikovsky’s Violin Concerto. It’s all part
of the charm of (3) ____________ in the tropics, four degrees south of the Equator.
But, I hear you ask, since when has this remote archipelago in the middle of the Indian
Ocean had a dedicated classical music festival? The answer is, for the past 10 years. This
biennial event (4) ____________ in May and June and involves everything from choral works
to chamber-music recitals and children’s concerts. It’s all (5) ____________ of Marc Sabadin,
a retired Seychelles-born teacher. Sabadin proudly tells me his festival is the biggest
international classical music event outside Europe and America. It’s (6) ____________ but it
hasn’t been easy.
The logistics of transporting an entire symphony orchestra to an island 1000 miles east
of Kenya is mind-boggling. The adventure (7) ____________ where the Air Seychelles flight
to Mahé, the main Seychelles island, is packed with choristers, musicians and their
instruments.
Most of the Festival’s concerts (8) ____________ around Mahé but, for the first time
in 2006, the Festival held a chamber concert on the small island of La Digue, a little Garden
of Eden where life is laid back and residents get around by bicycle or ox-drawn cart. Ten or
so musicians pack into the pastel-coloured Catholic church in the centre of the island and
perform a selection of Haydn, Mozart and Ravel. The atmosphere is magical.
(Classic FM)

1211
jel:
0) C
A) lying on this beautiful beach
B) take place in various venues 1)
C) have brought umbrellas

2)
D) starts at London Heathrow
3)
E) quite an achievement
F) resident in England
4)
G) what’s a bit of rain

5)
H) attending a festival
I) a risk you run 6)
K) runs for two weeks

7)
L) down to the tireless efforts
8)
8 pont

1211
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about a world-famous photographer and
then read the half sentences that follow it.
RARE ROBERT CAPA PRINT IN AUCTION

A rare photograph by celebrated Hungarian war photographer Robert Capa is to be sold at
auction as part of one of the greatest collections of historic news images − owned by the
veteran Life magazine photo editor John G. Morris.
The Capa photograph of a Gypsy wedding in Slovakia in 1947 could be the rarest
surviving image by the Magnum agency photographer, who was killed covering the conflict
in Indochina in 1954. The photo survives only as a single print, with the negative thought to
have been lost in the 1950s, and is expected to fetch up to £9,000 in Paris on 20 April.
The collection of photographs from the 1930s to the 1970s was amassed over 70 years by
the veteran magazine photo editor John G. Morris, a colleague and close friend of many of the
20th century’s greatest newspaper and magazine photographers. Morris, now aged 94, was the
London picture editor of Life magazine during the Second World War. At its peak, Life
regularly sold millions of copies a week.
Capa had already been hailed as the world’s greatest war photographer for his Spanish
civil war images, including the famous “falling soldier” shot, when Morris worked with him
on the story that led to the most famous series of photographs of all time − the surviving
“magnificent 11” shots of US troops landing on Omaha Beach in Normandy on D-Day.
Also included in the auction, entitled The Photo Diary of John G. Morris, are hitherto
unseen photographs taken by Morris in France soon after D-Day, while he was working with
his staff photographers on the frontline. Of great interest to photo-historians is a rare shot of
Capa at work, photographing German prisoners being rounded up in Normandy. No other
shot of Capa at work in a war zone is known to exist.
“As far as I know, this is the first photojournalism collection to come on to the art
market,” said Morris. “My personal favourite is the Capa shot of the Gypsies. That picture
seems to touch people. Capa’s humanity was special; he had a feeling for people, an instant
rapport with almost anybody.”
(The Observer)

1211
jel:
0) A rare Capa photograph A) was taken in Spain. 0) C
9) Robert Capa B) spent decades building 9)
this collection.
10) Gipsy wedding C) belonging to Morris will 10)
be auctioned.
11) John G. Morris D) used to be immensely popular 11)
at one time.
12) Life magazine E) is evident in his photos. 12)
13) The "falling soldier" photo F) has publication marks on it. 13)
14) One photo by Morris G) was killed in Indochina. 14)
15) Capa’s humanity H) will be made into a film. 15)
I) is probably Capa’s rarest

photo.
K) shows Capa himself.
7 pont

1211
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article about a new website and then read the
statements (16-25) following it.
• Your task is to decide whether the statements are true
or not according to the text.
POTTERMORE WEBSITE LAUNCHED BY JK ROWLING
JK Rowling shocked and thrilled her fans in equal measure today, with the revelation that her
new venture Pottermore was set to feature a wealth of new and previously unpublished
material about the world of Harry Potter.
Although the author made it clear that she had “no plans to write another novel”, the
fresh Potter material − to be launched later this year – already stretches to 18,000 words about
the novel’s characters, places and objects at Hogwarts School of Wizardry, with more to
come. From Professor McGonagall’s love for a Muggle (a non-wizard) as a young woman, to
how the Dursleys (Harry’s horrible uncle and aunt) met; from new information about
Slytherin, Ravenclaw and Hufflepuff, three of the four houses at Hogwarts, to details about
magic wands, Rowling’s writing will be just one part of the richly interactive, free
Pottermore.com website. Pottermore.com is intended to bring the Harry Potter storylines to
interactive life for readers. “Just as I have contributed to the website, everyone else will be
able to join in by submitting their own comments, drawings and other content in a safe and
friendly environment,” Rowling said.
Starting with the first novel in the series, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone,
Pottermore will allow its users to navigate their way through the story with interactive
‘moments’. Users start out by choosing a magical username, and as they move through the
chapters of the book they will be sorted into houses − Rowling herself has written a ‘vast
pool’ of questions to direct users to their correct home − and experience life at the school, just
like Harry. Points can be won for houses by casting spells and mixing potions − and Rowling
herself will be dropping in ‘as an ordinary visitor’ now and then.
“If you are not sorted into Harry’s house, Gryffindor, if you go into one of the other
three houses, you will effectively get an extra quarter of a chapter. You will go off into your
own common room, meet your own prefect, and find out what the true nature of the house is.
In the main novel you only see the houses through the eyes of the heroes. So it’s not a terrible
thing to be in Slytherin,” said the author.
For the moment, Pottermore will be restricted to the first book, but all seven books
will be added in due course with new material from Rowling − including, she promised, a
more detailed explanation of Quidditch, the wizarding sport played at Hogwarts.

1211
jel:
0) JK Rowling has revealed to fans that she has the resources to start 0) C
a new website without outside financial support.
16) The website called Pottermore will see the publication of her new 16)
novel.
17) The author also plans to write some 18,000 words of background 17)
material to the Harry Potter novels.
18) Pottermore will feature new information about some of the characters’ 18)
younger years.
19) In Professor McGonagall’s love story some autobiographical elements 19)

are to be found.
20) Although the site will be free for anyone to contribute, JK Rowling 20)
says it will be safe as well as friendly.
21) JK Rowling has sought the advice of top internet safety experts to 21)
make the website secure for visitors.
22) Once visitors have a magical user name, they will be sorted into 22)
different houses on the basis of their answers to a variety of questions.
23) How things develop will depend entirely on users − the author does 23)
not plan to appear on Pottermore.
24) Experiencing life at Hogwarts may bring surprises as users will not 24)
necessarily see things from the same angle as in the Harry Potter novels.
25) There is still some doubt whether all seven Harry Potter books will 25)
appear on the new website.
10 pont

1211
jel:
Task 4
• Read this article about a new university course, and then read
the sentences following it.
• Your task is to choose the letter (A-D) that best completes
each half sentence (26-30) according to what the article says.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the number as in
the example (0).
VIRTUAL AND ARTIFICIAL BUT 58,000 WANT COURSE
A free online course at Stanford University on artificial intelligence, to be taught this fall by
two leading experts from Silicon Valley, has attracted more than 58,000 students around the
globe − a class nearly four times the size of Stanford’s entire student body.
The online students will not get Stanford grades or credit, but they will be ranked in
comparison to the work of other online students and will receive a “statement of
accomplishment.”
For the artificial intelligence course, students may need some higher math, like linear
algebra and probability theory, but there are no restrictions to online participation. So far, the
age range is from high school to retirees, and the course has attracted interest from more than
175 countries.
The instructors are Sebastian Thrun and Peter Norvig, two of the world’s best-known
artificial intelligence experts. In 2005 Dr. Thrun led a team of Stanford students and
professors in building a robotic car that won a Pentagon-sponsored competition by driving
132 miles over unpaved roads in a California desert. More recently, he has led a secret
Google project to develop autonomous vehicles that have driven more than 100,000 miles on
public roads in California. Dr. Norvig is a former NASA scientist who is now Google’s
director of research and the author of a textbook on artificial intelligence.
The two scientists said they had been inspired by the recent work of Salman Khan, an
M.I.T.–educated electrical engineer, who in 2006 established a nonprofit organization to
provide video tutorials to students around the world on a variety of subjects via YouTube. His
vision is to change the world by bringing education to places that can’t be reached today. The
Khan Academy focuses on high school and middle school.
How will the artificial intelligence instructors assess 58,000 students? The scientists said
they would make extensive use of technology. In place of office hours, they will use the
Google moderator service, software that will allow students to vote on the best questions for
the professors to respond to in an online chat. They are considering personalizing the exams
to minimize cheating. Part of the instructional software was developed by Know Labs, a
company Dr. Thrun helped start.

1211
jel:
0) Stanford University 0) A
A) will start a new online course this autumn.

B) would like to make the new course popular.
C) will not pay the two Silicon Valley experts.
D) will not allow Stanford students to enroll.
26) Online students will 26)
A) be assessed against Stanford students.

B) not be told how well they are doing.
C) not get a standard Stanford degree.
D) have to work hard to gain credits.
27) There are no special requirements for the course 27)
A) apart from applicants having finished secondary school.

B) but of course some previous knowledge of mathematics will
be helpful.
C) although from certain countries it might be more difficult
to join.
D) but older people might find the course quite difficult to follow.
28) The article says 28)
A) Dr Thrun and his team designed and produced a self-driven

vehicle.
B) Dr Thrun’s research work was sponsored by a Californian car
factory.
C) Dr.Thrun and Dr. Norvig worked on a secret Google project.
D) Dr. Norvig is writing textbooks on artificial intelligence.
29) Salman Khan’s work 29)
A) is targeted at younger people than the Stanford project.

B) has proved more influential than was originally thought.
C) forms the basis of a commercial educational venture.
D) has changed educational practices worldwide.
30) The new A.I. course 30)
A) will test students via the internet using multiple choice

questions.
B) has developed new types of personalized tests to stop cheating.
C) may do away with online tests altogether.
D) will make use of Know Labs software.
5 pont

1211
jel:
Task 1
• In this story about a road accident some parts of sentences

have been left out.
• Your task is to reconstruct the story by filling in the gaps
from the list.
GOOD SAMARITAN SENT BILL AFTER HELPING AT ROAD CRASH
A good Samaritan who stopped to help at a road accident four years ago has been sent a
£1,000 bill (0) _____________ . Along with the bill, Bill Hughes, 35, got a summons to
appear at Falkirk Sheriff Court later this month (1) _____________ .
Mr Hughes was driving past Falkirk Stadium on July 12, 2007, when he
(2) _____________ and stopped to help. He said: “There was a Porsche on its side and it
(3) _____________ . I knew the driver and, amazingly, he was okay, although there was
damage to the car and the road sign. The police (4) _____________ and I never thought any
more about it.”
But Mr Hughes, who manages his father’s firm, returned from a holiday in Italy to
find the bill and the summons, and had to make frantic phone calls to both the council and
Central Scotland Police to (5) _____________ .
Mr Hughes said: “I couldn’t believe that they’re only now trying to get the money
back, but my lawyer said they (6) _____________ to recover the costs.”
A spokeswoman for Falkirk council said: “The council has written to Mr Hughes to
explain how the situation arose, to confirm that (7) _____________ and to offer apologies.
A spokeswoman for Central Scotland Police said: “This problem was rectified when it came
to our attention and we have apologised to Mr Hughes.”
(Scottish Daily Express)

1212
jel:
0) C
A) no further action will be taken 1)
B) prove he was not the driver
C) for damage to a road sign 2)
D) came across an accident
E) talked to a policeman
3)
F) had up to five years
G) if he doesn’t pay up
4)
H) if they catch him
I) took details
5)
K) looked nasty
6)
7)
7 pont

1212
jel:
Task 2
• Read this article about a new book and then read the statements
• Your task is to decide whether the statements are true or not
• Mark it C if there is not enough information in the text to decide
if it is true or not.
• Write the letters in the white boxes next to the numbers as in the
example (0).
STEVEN PINKER: THE OPTIMISTIC VOICE OF SCIENCE

In his landmark new book, the Harvard professor argues we are much less violent than our
ancestors.
Steven Pinker has dedicated much of his academic life to the study of human nature and,
perhaps surprisingly, his latest book is full of good news. In The Better Angels of Our Nature:
The Decline of Violence in History and Its Causes, the celebrated evolutionary psychologist
and bestselling author argues that we − the human race − are becoming progressively less
violent. To the consumer of 24-hour news, steeped in images of conflict and war, that may
sound plain wrong. But Pinker supports his case with a wealth of data.
Drawing on the work of a fellow Harvard archaeologist, Pinker recently concluded that
the chances of our ancient hunter-gatherer ancestors meeting a bloody end were somewhere
between 15% and 60%. In the 20th century, which included two world wars and the mass
killers Stalin and Hitler, the likelihood of a European or American dying a violent death was
less than 1%.
Pinker shows that, with notable exceptions, the long-term trend for murder and violence
has been going down since humans first developed agriculture 10,000 years ago. And it has
dropped steeply since the Middle Ages. Oxford in the 1300s, Pinker tells us, was 110 times
more murderous than it is today. He calls this movement away from killing the “civilising
process”.
Nowadays, the notion that life is measurably improving is about as unfashionable as the
conviction that western culture is in any sense civilising. Pinker is likely to stand accused of
Panglossian∗ naivety. Indeed, he says that when he told colleagues what he was writing, they
said he reminded them of the man who jumped off the top of a tall building and halfway down
observed: “It looks good so far.”
In an earlier book Pinker wrote: “The strongest argument against totalitarianism may be a
recognition of a universal human nature; that all humans have innate desires for life, liberty
and the pursuit of happiness.” It’s this vision of our common humanity, what Abraham
Lincoln called “the better angels of our nature”, that animates Pinker’s latest book.
∗ Pangloss: Candide’s tutor in Voltaire’s satire Candide or The Optimist

1212
jel:
0) The good news in Steven Pinker’s new book is that humans on 0) A

the whole are not as violent as in earlier times.
8) The media present a very different picture of the world from 8)

Professor Pinker’s.
9) Pinker collaborated with several historians and archaeologists to 9)

establish approximate figures for violent deaths in ancient and
medieval times.
10) With two world wars, and mass murderers Hitler and Stalin, the 10)
20th century was the most violent time in human history.
11) Pinker questions whether the human race has gone through a 11)
“civilising process”.
12) There is archaeological evidence that in ancient times females were 12)
not as murderous as males.
13) Contemporary thinking on the whole tends to be less positive about 13)
humanity than Pinker.
14) Pinker’s colleagues told him a joke suggesting his optimism was 14)
unjustified.
15) Professor Pinker is a great admirer of Abraham Lincoln.

15)
8 pont

1212
jel:
Task 3
• Read this article on eco-friendly energy use and then read the half
sentences following it.
• Your task is to match the half sentences based on the information in
the text.
• Write the letters (A-K) in the white boxes next to the numbers (16-
HOW TO BE GREEN AND STAY SANE
Energy-efficient libraries
We’ve all heard of libraries lending books, music and videos. But Barrie Mould’s library is
different. Fitting into a tool kit bag, his library consists of 35 energy-efficient light bulbs −
both fluorescent and LED −, which he lends to the citizens of Ashtead, Surrey. The bulbs
come in all shapes, sizes and strengths.
The library, which started up this summer, lends the light bulbs for a week at a time
and allows Ashtead residents to experiment for free to find out which light bulbs suit their
homes and fittings best, before investing in them wholesale.
“Energy-efficient light bulbs, particularly the LED ones, are still very expensive
compared to tungsten ones and people are reluctant to spend £10 to £15 a bulb if they think it
will make their home either too dim or too harshly lit,” says Barrie, a member of the group
Transition Ashtead, which aims to help members reduce their energy consumption.
“This lets people experiment before they buy. Response has been good, with
borrowers telling me the light-up speed and colour quality are much better than they feared
and, as a result, they will go ahead and replace their tungsten bulbs.”
Simon Kenton, of Oxfordshire Community Action Groups, which oversees the
county’s 25 community groups, says very often groups of local people are quick to catch on
to what is useful, in terms of reducing energy and waste, but are unable or unwilling to spend
large amounts of money on eco gadgets.
“Other groups lend out items like can crushers, newspaper log-makers and home
energy meters as well as light bulbs. In many cases, such as energy meters, people don’t need
these things forever − just using them for a week will let people know where they are wasting
energy and they can cost up to £100 to buy in the shops,” he says.
“We are at the moment investing in a thermal imaging camera to add to the libraries so
people can see at a glance where the heat is escaping from their home. Again, a thermal
camera can cost upwards of £3,000 and you only use it once or twice. It is so much better to
do it this way,” says Simon Kenton.
(The Sunday Telegraph)

1212
jel:
0) Barrie Mould’s library is A) satisfied with customers’

0) C
reactions.
16) All Barrie’s light bulbs are 16)
B) extending their range of
17) Ashtead citizens can try out gadgets.
17)
bulbs
C) the size of a tool kit bag.
18) There is no charge for 18)
D) fitted to their homes.
19) People will not buy the bulbs 19)
unless they are E) only needed for a short time.
20) Barrie sounds F) energy efficient. 20)
21) Some expensive eco gadgets G) borrowing a bulb.

are 21)
H) in their own homes.
22) Oxfordshire Community 22)
Action Groups are I) eco-friendly consumption.
K) convinced of their suitability.
7 pont

1212
jel:
Task 4
• In this article about the National Trust∗ some sentences have been
left out.
• Your task is to reconstruct the text by filling in the gaps from the
list.
• Write the letters (A-L) in the white boxes next to the numbers (23-
HOW WONDERFUL WAS THE NATIONAL TRUST OF OLD
Since A Noble Thing is about the National Trust, published “in association with” the National
Trust, and written by a former employee of the National Trust, one might expect a book full
of self-praise, worth having only for its pretty pictures. (0) _________ . This is a touching
book, about a subject which is difficult to write about well − generosity.
(23) _________ . Whatever they gave – their houses, their land, their gardens, their
time, their expertise or, in one case, a fishing boat – they were moved by some great love.
A most charming photograph from 1946 shows the handover ceremony of the House
of the Binns, near Edinburgh, to the trust. Lt Col Gordon Dalyell stands in front of an ancient
wall. (24) ________ . In the charter of gift, the Dalyells declared their desire that “The Binns
with its history and legend shall be preserved for all time coming for the benefit and
enjoyment of the nation”. (25) __________ . It was something worth doing for their country.
The generosity was often prompted by sadness. (26) _________ . So did war. The
bachelor Robert Ketton-Cremer made over his Norfolk house after his brother died of wounds
on a Cretan airfield in the Second World War. Waterson says that his conversations with
many donors “suggested that their military service shaped their thinking about other forms of
service”. He quotes Sickert the painter: “The thing is to give, give, give. (27) ___________ .”
What is so striking about all the stories told in this book is the individuality of those
involved. (28) ___________ . “Wouldn’t work here,” one agent wrote on every memo from
London. Most of the donors were equally remote from the world of committees, “best
practice” and all that.
The National Trust now faces the paradox that its vast success – 3.5 million members,
37,000 buildings, more than 600,000 acres – is bound to turn it into a bureaucracy that
threatens to kill the thing it loves. Marketing starts to matter too much. (29) ____________ .
People go to a house and sometimes it’s just like going to Tesco.
An organisation which cares for heritage must employ people who do so in their heart
of hearts. The mentality of campaigning is incompatible with that of stewardship. It attracts a
different type of person. (30) ___________ . The heroes of Waterson’s book minded about
their subject matter to the point of lunacy. They were much too engaged in the love of actual
buildings and places to want to spend time organizing campaigns or lobbying.
(The Telegraph)
∗ National Trust: an organisation that owns and takes care of places of historic interest or
natural beauty in the UK

1212
jel:
0) C
A) You always get back more than you give.
B) Don’t stop building; build well, which is what Britain once did. 23)
C) Not so.
D) His wife Eleanor proudly passes over a handful of stone and soil to the 24)
trust’s chairman in Scotland.
E) Childlessness encouraged people with great possessions to give them

away. 25)
F) For them, it was not a loss to give up ownership.
G) The best employees of the trust seem to have been those least willing 26)
to listen to head office.
H) So does the cash register.

27)
I) Charities today are filled with executives who know a great deal about
management and finances but are not deeply interested in the subject
matter of their organisation.
28)
K) The trust knows better than anyone else.
L) The writer, Merlin Waterson, tells the story of the people who gave to
the National Trust. 29)
30)

8 pont

1212
Task 1
Read this article about ways to avoid stress. In the sentences that follow the text there
are some gaps. Your task is to fill the gaps with one word so that the sentences
correspond to what the text says. Contractions (e.g. don’t) count as one word. Write the
words on the lines. An example has been given for you.
Stress-busters in your home
Dust off those old records; a new study has revealed that your classical collection could be
beneficial to your health. Apparently sedate music can induce a state of calm by slowing your
breathing and heart rate. But what other stress-busters are there in your home?
It's good to talk

Good friends are just a phone call away. Talking with friends is a great stress relief, for as the
old saying goes, 'a problem shared is a problem halved.' Talking to people who are positive
rather than critical and judgmental will help to lift your mood. Several studies show that
laughter produces endorphins, natural chemicals that ease pain and produce a feeling of
euphoria, helping us cope with physical stress and chronic pain.
Puppy love
Researchers in the United States have found that spending time with pets is very effective at
reducing stress. The scientists from the University of New York at Buffalo studied 240
married couples, half of whom had a dog or cat. They found that people with pets had lower
resting heart rates and blood pressure than those without a cat or dog. They also found that pet
owners reacted less to the difficult tasks they were set and their heart rates and blood pressure
returned to normal levels more quickly.
Bathtime
Warm water relaxes the muscles and helps ease the aches and pains of the day. Raising the
temperature of our bodies stimulates the production of white blood cells, which strengthens
the immune system - one of the first systems to suffer when we are stressed. Hot water also
encourages sweating which helps to remove toxins from the body.
Mood lighting
A home should be lit to create a sense of comfort and intimacy. Side lights and dimmers can
make a much warmer and calmer environment than harsh overhead lighting. And why not
indulge yourself in the most beautiful light of all? Candlelight. There's nothing more tranquil.
Sweet dreams
Sleep is essential for nourishing the mind and body so you are ready to spring into the next
day anew. Make sure you get a good night's sleep and enjoy tomorrow.

0611
0) According to a new study listening to classical music may actually do
your health a lot of ___good___ .
1) You will see that ____________ of your problem has disappeared after 1)
speaking to a friend about it.
2) If you have a problem it is not good to talk to somebody who will 2)
____________ you.
3) Half of the people who took part in a research project at the University 3)
of New York had a(n) ____________ .
4) Pet owners remained ____________ when they were asked to perform 4)
some difficult tasks.

5)
5) Among other things, warm water is beneficial, because in reaction to
heat our bodies will produce ____________ white blood cells.

6)
6) If lights in your home come from the ____________ , it will be easier to
relax.
7) If you want to be ready for tomorrow both ____________ and 7)
physically, you must get enough sleep.
7 pont

0611
Task 2
Read this article on fare dodging, and then read the statements following it. Your task is
to decide if the statements correspond to the information in the article.
• If a statement means exactly what the article says, mark it A.
• If it means something different, mark it B.
• If it cannot be decided on the basis of the article, mark it C.
Look at the examples first.
Metro Tries Card Scheme To Battle Fare Dodging
The Moscow metro is updating its fare system once again. On Sunday, state-of-the-art smart
cards will go on sale. The magnetic cards, which eventually will be issued to pensioners and
all others entitled to ride free, will make it possible to count these passengers and help crack
down on the large number of people who abuse the system. Passengers will only have to flash
the cards within a few centimetres of the reading device, the yellow spot with a Moscow
metro symbol already located on the turnstiles that accept tickets.
Moscow metro employees have been testing 35,000 cards since September of last
year. “They are very good. Often there is no need to get them out of your pocket if you are
wearing a coat -- just move the pocket up closer to the yellow circle,” said Galina Ibatulina,
the chief of the Dynamo metro station. “Women can place the cards in an outside pocket of
their handbags,” she said. However, the reading device is quite powerful, so it is probably not
recommended to flash a purse with the card in front of the reading device if there are other
magnetic cards in it.
Customers will be required to pay a small, so far unspecified deposit for the card itself.
Once the card has expired, the deposit will be returned in exchange for the used card.
By next year, the new cards will replace all existing documents which allow certain
categories of people to ride for free. Under the current system, these people show their passes
to metro employees and bypass the turnstiles to enter the stations.
Out of the 9 million people who use the metro daily a whopping 30 percent are
estimated to ride for free or at cut rates. Many buy fake identification cards. It is yet to be seen
whether the smart cards will really work as a deterrent against fare dodging.

0611
0) A
0) The Moscow metro is going to have a more modern fare system.
0) People will be able to buy the smart cards from Monday. 0) B
8) Under the new system all passengers are going to use the cards. 8)
9) People will have to insert their cards into the reading device before 9)
entering the station.
10) Employees have been testing the cards at all the stations of the metro 10)
network.
11) If your card is in your bag, it will definitely not work. 11)
12) Passengers must be careful or the reading device may damage their 12)
credit cards.
13) It is not yet known how much the cards will cost. 13)
14) By next year metro employees will not have to check the documents of 14)
people who travel free of charge.
15) Every day about one third of metro users travel free, but some of them 15)
do so illegally.
8 pont

0611
Task 3
Read this passage on intelligent shoes and the sentences that follow it. Your task is to
choose the option that is nearest in meaning to what the article says. Write the letters in
the white boxes next to the numbers. An example has been given for you.
Smart shoes decide on television time
Sports shoes that calculate whether their owner has done enough exercise to allow time in
front of the television have been devised in the UK.
The shoes - dubbed Square Eyes - contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer
chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the
information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening
viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day's efforts.
The design was inspired by a desire to combat the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British
teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at
Brunel University in London, UK. "We took a thorough look at current issues and childhood
obesity really stood out. I wanted to tackle that with my design."
Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television
automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through
more steps.
Daily amounts
Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended
daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child should take 12,000 steps each day
and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square
Eyes shoes equates to precisely one minute of TV time.
The first prototype has two sensors in the sole - one that records steps and another, in the heel,
that can be used to send data to the receiver with a firm stamp.
"It's a good idea for integrating sensors into clothing," says Cliff Randall, at Bristol
University, UK, who believes computers will routinely be built into garments in the future.
But Randall says it will be more challenging to build a TV control unit that cannot easily be
tricked. "It's got to be easy to install and difficult to bypass," he adds.
Existing step counters normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps
by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps
through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to dupe. "It is
possible, but it would take a lot of effort," she says. "That was one of my main design
considerations."

0611
0) These new design sports shoes can tell if 0) B

A) you have studied enough.
B) you have done enough sport.
C) you want to watch TV.
D) there are any British programmes on.
16) The electronic sensor in Square Eyes

A) determines how much TV you are allowed to watch.
16)
B) registers each step you take.
C) must be plugged into the TV set every evening.
D) sends data to the TV set.
17) Gillian Swan created Square Eyes

A) without doing previous research.
17)
B) because she wanted to study design at university.
C) because she thought obesity was a neglected problem.
D) to help overweight teenagers.
18) The TV automatically switches off

A) and then you can only watch it again after doing some exercise.
B) and then you can only watch it if you pay for it. 18)
C) after the period the parents allowed.
D) after you have used it once that day.
19) During the design process Swan

A) needed to make some calculations as well as translations.
B) decided that a child should not watch more than two hours of 19)
TV every day.
C) set the shoes to record 100 steps every minute.
D) took scientists’ recommendations into account.
20) According to Cliff Randall

A) Square Eyes are a good example of similar future inventions.
B) Square Eyes have a built-in computer. 20)
C) TV control units are relatively easy to install.
D) TV control units are easier to trick than Square Eyes shoes.
21) Square Eyes shoes

A) count steps by recording rapid movements.
B) will count steps if you shake them. 21)
C) can only be tricked through considerable effort.
D) do not work with lazy teenagers.
6 pont

0611
Task 4
Read the following article about some treasure found on a remote Pacific island. Parts of
some sentences are missing. Your task is to fill them in from the list below. Write the
letters in the appropriate white boxes as in the example. Remember that there are two
600 barrels of loot found on Crusoe island
The archipelago (0) ___________ , but perhaps it should have been called Treasure Island.
A long quest for treasure from the Spanish colonial era appears to be culminating in
Chile (22) ____________ that they have found an estimated 600 barrels of gold coins and
Incan jewels on the remote Pacific island.
"The biggest treasure in history has been located," said Fernando Uribe,
(23) ____________ , the Chilean company leading the search. He estimated the value of the
buried treasure at US$10bn (£5.6bn).
The announcement also prompted speculation (24) ____________ what is considered
to be one of the great lost treasures from the Spanish looting of South America. Chilean
newspapers were filled with reports (25) ___________ 10 papal rings and original gold
statues from the Incan empire.
The hoard is supposedly buried 15 metres (50ft) deep on Robinson Crusoe island, also
known as the Juan Fernández island, (26) ____________ , the adventurer immortalised by
Daniel Defoe as Robinson Crusoe. Selkirk was dumped on the island and lived alone for four
years (27) ____________ . His exploits brought worldwide attention to the islands.
For centuries treasure hunters have scoured the island in search of valuables which
were reportedly buried there in 1715 by a Spanish sailor. Using everything from old Spanish
ship logs (28) ____________ , foreigners have made so many claims of discovering the lost
treasure that islanders are usually sceptical of the announcements.
This most recent announcement, however, (29) ____________ because of the
equipment used by the treasure hunters: a mini robot that can scan 50 metres deep into the
earth. The robot, (30) ___________ , was invented by Chileans and over the past year has
grabbed headlines by solving some of the country's biggest criminal mysteries. It is yet to be
seen whether it works just as well as a treasure hunter.

0611
A about the contents of
B that it includes 0) C
C is named after Robinson Crusoe 22)
D to announce the discovery 23)
E before being rescued

24)
F a lawyer for Wagner

25)
G to teams of islanders with shovels and picks

26)
H where Selkirk was born
27)
I with the announcement by a group of adventurers
28)
K deserves greater credit
29)
L home to Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirk
30)
M called "Arturito"

0611
Task 1
Read this comparison of British and American milk products and then read the gapped
summary following it. Your task is to fill in the gaps with one or two words only
according to the information in the article. Write your answers on the dotted lines as in
the example.
God Save the Cream
As an American who lives most of the year in Britain, I may be especially alive to the charms
of everyday British life. Yet, the many Britons who are, as I am, holidaying in the US this
summer might also be coming to appreciate that there’s no place like home. I’m not talking
about rush-hour London or polluted beaches, of course. I’m talking about dairy products.
The British tend not to take their dairy industry seriously. I do. I adore British dairy
products. British milk is simply pasteurised, whereas American agri-business takes milk apart,
heats it to temperatures common to the planet Mercury, and then puts Humpty-Dumpty
together again, a project famously unsuccessful. So dreary is even the full-fat version in the
US that on cereal I actually prefer rice milk. As British superstores drive milk’s price to rock
bottom and the country’s dairy farmers out of business, here I am wishing to pay more for this
rare product. You have wonderful milk. Nurture it. American milk is rubbish.
Moreover, exiled from Britain for two months now, I am developing double-cream
withdrawal symptoms. Those little plastic tubs with the pull-tops – you take them for granted,
don’t you? Well, even in New York City it is flat-out impossible to find cream that isn’t
“ultra-pasteurised”. The first thing I do on return to London is go buy 250ml of double cream.
I can’t use it all. It spoils. I throw it away. I glory in its spoilage. Because American cream
never spoils. It has the shelf-life of toxic waste. The theory seems to run that you market a
product that never goes off by ensuring that it tastes awful to begin with.
Summary
The author, an American living in Britain, is (0) ______ in the US. He misses Britain and
believes that (1) ______ holidaying in the US might have similar feelings. He can do without
(2) ______ traffic, of course, but not without British (3) ______ products which, in his
opinion, are of a very (4) ______ standard. He describes milk produced by American
(5) ______ as rubbish. He suggests British producers should be protected from (6) ______
whose very low prices are forcing them out of (7) ______ . The technology used in America
makes foodstuffs last (8) ______ at the price of giving them an absolutely awful (9) ______ .
The author says he prefers food that (10) ______ to stuff that doesn’t taste like food in the
first place.
írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12 2006. február 23.

0613
0) ………………… on holiday …………………..
1) ………………………………………………….. 1)
2) ………………………………………………….. 2)
3) ………………………………………………….. 3)
4) ………………………………………………….. 4)
5) ………………………………………………….. 5)
6) ………………………………………………….. 6)
7) ………………………………………………….. 7)
8) ………………………………………………….. 8)
9) ………………………………………………….. 9)
10) ………………………………………………….. 10)
10 pont

0613
Task 2
Read this article about a new gadget and then read the sentences following it. Your task
is to choose the answers that best correspond to what the article says. Write the letters in
the white boxes as in the example.
Give a Warm Welcome to the Gnome

It may become a new best friend
In the early days of the medium, television was dismissed as merely “radio with pictures”.
How on earth, then, to describe the latest consumer device from BSkyB that offers TV
without any pictures at all?
The Skygnome, launched last summer, has caused a splash in the radio industry.
At first glance, the Gnome looks like the most bizarre product ever to have come out
from BSkyB headquarters. The triangular receiver simply relays the audio from your TV set-
top box to anywhere within a 100ft radius.
What's special about that? Nothing, at first sight … but take another look. It may very
well be that the Gnome plays a vital part in what will be the next phase of the digital radio
revolution. It is true that commentators on the Gnome have so far been unimpressed, but they
have ignored two crucial factors. First, the huge listenership to digital radio via TV. Most of
the publicity that digital radio generates focuses on the success of so-called kitchen radio,
with sales of more than 1.4m sets to date. Yet, according to research from audience data
provider Rajar, 29% of adults have listened to digital radio services via a TV platform. A
device such as the Gnome that allows you to listen to your choice of more than 80 stations
while you’re in the garden or the bath can only encourage this trend and boost listenership.
The second factor relates to how people listen, not just where they do it. Digital radio
isn’t simply analogue radio broadcast differently. New services are increasingly available
through broadband internet, digital TV and, soon, mobile phones, all of which are devices that
offer a return path and are capable of transforming radio into a much more sophisticated and
interactive medium.
Already 60% of consumers choose what music to buy while listening to the radio; how
logical, then, that future radios will allow those consumers the opportunity, for instance, to
buy the music they are listening to.
So let’s not look down on the Gnome. New devices such as this don’t simply provide a
better version of what we have now in analogue radio. They represent a new beginning for the
industry.

0613
0) In the early days of television

0) A
A) its significance was not fully understood.
B) you could receive sound without pictures on your radio.
C) everybody wanted to have TV-sets in their homes.
D) it was welcomed as a great innovation.
11) Skygnome is 11)

A) the full name of the Gnome device.
B) the name of an old version of Gnome.
C) the name of a new version of Gnome.
D) the name of one special type of Gnome.
12) The novelty of the Gnome lies in the fact that it

12)
A) looks bizarre but modern.
B) has a simple triangular shape.
C) allows you to watch TV from a distance.
D) allows you to listen to TV from a distance.
13) So far commentators have generally 13)

A) greeted the Gnome as an important innovation.
B) regarded it as a must for every home.
C) overlooked the real importance of Gnome.
D) overestimated its importance.
14) The author believes that the true significance of the Gnome is that it 14)
A) can be stored in a simple TV-set top box.
B) is a sophisticated yet simple device to operate.
C) offers a cheap solution to the kitchen radio.
D) belongs to a new age in radio listening.
15) In the future of the radio 15)

A) most of the listeners will be adults.
B) listening will be more interactive.
C) young people will listen to music most of the time.
D) people’s tastes in music will be more sophisticated.
5 pont

0613
Task 3
Read this short essay by 20th century writer JB Priestley (published in the Sunday
Express newspaper) and then look at the sentences following it. Your task is to choose
the sentences that best summarize the idea(s) expressed in each paragraph. Write the
letters in the white boxes next to the numbers. An example has been given for you.
JB Priestley’s Delights
0) Priestley’s timeless, uplifting essays on the nature of delight have proved a huge hit
with Sunday Express readers. Please keep your own delights coming – we will publish
our third collection of your contributions soon.
Women and Clothes
16) Women who say they are indifferent to clothes, like men who say they do not mind
what they eat, should be distrusted: there is something wrong. And men who sneer
at a woman’s passionate concern about dress should be banished to the woods.
17) For my part I delight in women when they go into a conference – and huddle
over new clothes. They seem to me then most themselves, and the furthest
removed from my sex. They are at such times completely in their own world. They
are half children, half witches. Note their attitude during these clothes conferences.
18) For example, their absolute clear sighted realism about themselves. We chaps
always peer at ourselves through a haze of goodwill. We never believe we are as
fat or as thin as other people say we are. The ladies are free of all such illusions.
(Note the direct level glances they give each other on these occasions.)
19) So in their clothes conference, unlike all masculine conferences, there is no
clash of illusions. All of them meet on the firm ground of fact. What is known is
immediately taken into account: Kate’s left shoulder is higher than her right; Meg
is very broad across the hips; Phyllis has very short legs.
20) The conference line – and very sensible too – is that we are all imperfect
creatures, so how do we make the best of ourselves? (If politicians and their senior
officials tried the same line at international conferences, they could change the
world in a week.) Yet the whole clothes-huddle is not simply so much grim
realism.
21) There is one grand illusion that they all share and never dream of challenging.
It is the belief that out of these clothes, with necessary swaps and alterations,
beauty and witchery can emerge, that somewhere here is the beginning of an
enchanted life. And I for one find this altogether delightful.

0613
0) A) Readers are asked to send in writings inspired by JB Priestley. 0) A

B) JB Priestley’s essays on the delights of nature are uplifting.
C) Sunday Express readers are unfamiliar with JB Priestley’s writings.
D) A collection of essays by JB Priestley is about to be published.
16) A) People talking about food or clothes are not to be trusted.

B) Men often sneer at women for their passion about clothes. 16)
C) Women are as passionate about clothes as men are about food.
D) There is something wrong with men who keep talking about food.
17) A) The author delights in watching women discussing clothes.

B) The author finds women’s attitude to clothes quite childish. 17)
C) Men had better not disturb women talking about clothes.
D) While discussing clothes, women take no interest in the other sex.
18) A) Men are less severe critics of each others’ looks than women.
B) Ladies are more realistic about men than men are about themselves. 18)
C) Men feel good when they are complimented on their appearance.
D) Ladies have a clearer picture of what they look like than men.
19) A) Women are openly critical of each others’ figure.

B) They cling to their illusions about their appearance. 19)
C) They do not want to shatter each others’ illusions.
D) They sound matter-of-fact when discussing their looks.
20) A) Clothes should serve to make us look better.

B) Politicians should try and improve their looks.
20)
C) Women have a sense of what is in fashion and what is not.
D) Clothes huddles are not as grim as political conferences.
21) A) Alterations are always necessary to make clothes look beautiful.

B) For all their realism, women are very romantic about clothes. 21)
C) For a woman, finding the right clothes is a real challenge.
D) Women share several illusions about clothes and beauty.
6 pont

0613
Task 4
Read this text about improving young people’s chances of getting good jobs and then
read the statements following it. Your task is to decide if the statements correspond to
what the article says or not.
• If a statement means the same as what the article says, mark it A.
• If it says something different, mark it B.
• If it says something that is not discussed in the article (so, on the basis of the text,
it is impossible to judge the truth of the statement), mark it C.
Work experience
Alongside the more familiar parental anxieties – such as placing children in good schools and
universities – there is now a new cause for concern. Finding the right work experience, say
teachers and employment experts, has become a key step to future career success.
The number of graduates with good grades is rocketing and employers, unable to
distinguish between candidates on academic grounds, are looking for something extra on the
CV. Thus, with more and more people getting into higher education, the importance of work
experience is set to rise further. Those who can develop early the office skills that employers
like – such as teamwork and personal communication – will prosper at the expense of the rest.
Why employers now look beyond academic qualifications is illustrated by the
experience of Allen & Overy, a City law practice. It is so inundated with applications that a
spokesman said: “Due to the excessive numbers of applications we receive, we only consider
people with very good degrees. Beyond that we look to see if applicants have interesting work
experience. It is something that can set candidates apart.”
The irony is that – despite the government’s drive for equality in education – it is still
who you know that counts. “You’ve really got to use your grapevine, people you know who
are in interesting jobs, people you’ve studied with – do they have any friends or parents in
jobs that you’d like to do?” Dr Peter Hawkins, a graduate employment expert at Liverpool
University said.
The problem is partly that there are not enough openings to go round. The expansion
of higher education has not led to an increase in the demand for ‘knowledge workers’. Up to
40% of graduates are in non-graduate work.
Even work experience opportunities that sound exciting can prove to be deeply
disappointing. There is, of course, a fine line between work experience and ‘slave labour’.
One 23-year-old graduate, who wished to remain anonymous, said last week that a three-
month stint with a television production company had put him off a broadcasting career.
“It taught me that in television there is an attitude that work experience people are free
labour,” he said. “We were expected to do the dirty work for nothing."
However, even that sort of experience can be valuable. Dr Martin Stephen, headmaster
of St Paul’s boys’ school, suggested that working in a supermarket should not be sniffed at.
“The work experience that I would personally support would be stacking shelves – I
think it’s a wonderful experience,” he said. “It’s the real world. And I think it’s not a bad
thing to make a child live off what they earn for five or six weeks. That’s real learning.”

0613
0) It is common for parents to worry about their children’s 0) A

education.
22) These days they also worry about whether their children can 22)
find the right kind of work experience.
23) Children from good schools are usually successful in finding 23)
good holiday jobs.
24) It is difficult for employers to find candidates with good 24)

academic results.
25) Employers want people who can work with others. 25)
26) The idea that equality in education is a basic human right has 26)
become an election issue.
27) Allen & Overy say they don’t care if a candidate’s grades 27)
are good or not.
28) There are great regional differences in the availability of 28)

good jobs round the country.
29) Glamorous-sounding jobs can sometimes prove 29)

unsatisfactory.
30) Dr Martin Stephen believes young people should not be 30)

allowed to work in supermarkets.

0613

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Angol nyelv — emelt szint Azonosító jel:

It’s the Olympic Spirit that Still Moves Them

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12 2005. május 12.

0) The Greek word Nike means ……….…victory…….….…. in English.

2) Unlike in present-day Olympics, winners received a …………..……………….….

3) James Connolly never completed his ……………..…………….…. .

4) After his Olympic victory he became a journalist, and he also

5) Only ……………..…………….…. different nationalities took part in the first

6) All the 300 participants were ……………..…………….…. .

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 5 / 12 2005. május 12.

THE DO’S AND DON’T’S

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 6 / 12 2005. május 12.

A be earning far more than them 0 C

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 7 / 12 2005. május 12.

Garcia Marquez, Lion of Left, Takes Hollywood Dollar

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 8 / 12 2005. május 12.

0) Garcia Marquez has bought a Hollywood film studio. 0) B

14) Garcia Marquez has never been to the US. 14)

17) Garcia Marquez was born in Colombia. 17)

20) Much of his writing is autobiographical. 20)

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 9 / 12 2005. május 12.

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 10 / 12 2005. május 12.

0) One reason why he likes sailing and A) seemed really interested in 0) C

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 11 / 12 2005. május 12.

Dracula’s ruined castle to be revamped as flats

Standing above jagged rocks on the edge of a cliff and shrouded in

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12 2005. május 30.

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 5 / 12 2005. május 30.

THE WORLD’S BIGGEST LIES

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 6 / 12 2005. május 30.

0) Lord Nelson was a brave and

11) The fact that he had suffered two D refused to obey.

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 7 / 12 2005. május 30.

Can your child tie his laces?

In the changing–room after a children’s swimming party last week, I

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 8 / 12 2005. május 30.

A can produce a basic meal, read a bus timetable or sew on a button

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 9 / 12 2005. május 30.

The burning issue

0) ____________ Not only was it a technological achievement that 0) F

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 10 / 12 2005. május 30.

E Fire’s importance cannot be overestimated.

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 11 / 12 2005. május 30.

Gondoliers cut up rough on regatta

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 4 / 12

0) The regatta in Venice is in danger of being stopped

1) The gondoliers think that the …………………………………. should do

3) There are many more …………………………….and large boats than

4) Larger boats must keep revving their engines while waiting at

5) There is a danger of gondolas being knocked over by the 5

…………………………. caused by these boats. 6

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 5 / 12

Do you believe in alternative medicine?

0) This letter was written by a scientist but gives a patient’s viewpoint. 0 A

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 7 / 12

Executives volunteer their hard-nosed business skills

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 8 / 12

18) Being a banker, Sam Berwick wants to help people by giving

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 9 / 12

The end of the 99p come-on?

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 10 / 12

This is the end of this part of the exam. 10 pont

írásbeli vizsga, I. vizsgarész 11 / 12