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Which of the following is design and which is analysis? o
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A. Given that the customer wishes to fasten together two steel w
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plates, select appropriate sizes for the bolt, nut and washer.
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B. Given the cross-section geometry of a new airplane wing c
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we determine the lift it produces by conducting wind tunnel i
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experiments. n
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Design Analysis
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MAKING DECISIONS? USE THE DESIGN PROCESS MAKING DECISIONS? USE THE DESIGN PROCESS
Redesign
iteration
iteration
Analyzing Analyzing
Alternatives Alternatives
feasible alternatives feasible alternatives
Evaluating Evaluating
Alternatives Alternatives
2
MAKING DECISIONS? USE THE DESIGN PROCESS MAKING DECISIONS? USE THE DESIGN PROCESS
Establish functional requirements ANALYZING ALTERNATIVES Establish functional requirements EVALUATING ALTERNATIVES
Formulating Determine constraints Formulating Determine constraints
Problem Set performance targets Problem Set performance targets
Design specifications Design specifications
Redesign
iteration
iteration
all alternatives all alternatives
Analyzing Analyzing
Alternatives Alternatives
feasible alternatives feasible alternatives
Evaluating Evaluating
Alternatives Alternatives
Are there “phases” of design? Example design problem - Stop a spinning shaft
“FORMULATION” PHASE
3
Decisions relating to concept? Decisions relating to concept?
Product configuration:
r2 2
disk/caliper, or drum, or band brake r1
location on shaft (right. left, middle) 1
4
Values for Parameters? Values for Parameters?
ITEM NO. QTY. PART NO. MATERIAL Z ONE REV. DESCRIPTION DATE APPROVED
1 1 guide SS 303
D
2
3
4
5
1 rod
1 PLATE
2 M8-1.25 x 30
2 4mmcapscrew
SS 303
SS 303
ALUMINUM
ALUMINUM
D Decide upon the remaining manufacturing specifications
?
C
4
C
• machined rotor tolerances
? 5
• pad bonding resin
B
?
B
• assembly/testing procedure
<COMPANY NAME>
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED: DATE NAME
5
Design versus the Product Realization Process? Phases in the life of a product
establish function
Realized Design
determine form
Product
fabricate
Manufacture assemble
distribute
Product realization begins the Product Life Cycle How do we, as engineers, fit into the PRP?
Sales
Time
Investment
Product
Development
Government (Federal, State & Local) 179 12 Research & Industrial Designer Establishes essential product
Development appearance, human factors
Self-employed 43 3
Design Engineer Decides part or product form
including: shape, size,
Other 110 8 configuration, materials, and
manufacturing processes
Total 1465 100 Materials Engineer Investigates and develops improved
materials
Test Engineer Designs and conducts performance
(U.S. Department of Labor, 2000).
and safety tests
6
Engineering Roles in Design & Mfg “Functional” organization chart
Stockholders
Manufacturing Industrial Engineer Designs fabrication,
assembly and warehousing
systems Board of Directors
Manufacturing Develops manufacturing
Engineer tools and fixtures
President
Quality Control Establishes and maintains
Engineer raw materials and finished
goods quality controls
Purchasing Manufacturing Research &Development Sales &Marketing Finance
Processing / Plant Engineer Designs and maintains
Operations processing plant facilities Purchasing ProductionOperations DesignEngineering Sales Accounting
Project Engineer Coordinates project work Estimating Quality Control Industrial Design Customer Service Budgeting
tasks, budgets and Expediting Industrial Engineering Prototyping Marketing Planning
Manufacturing Engineering Testing Advertising
schedules ProductionPlanning Materials Research
Tooling
Summary Bibliography