UNIVERSITY OF SUNDERLAND

MODULE TITLE

COURSE

PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

STUDENT NAME AND NUMBER

SUPERVISOR NAME
HAND IN DATE

Word count:XXXXwords

I declare that this submission is wholly my own work

 CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION....................... .....................................................................................3
2 LITRETURE REVIEW.....................................................................................................4
3 METHODOLOGY............................................................................................................5
4 RESULT AND ANALYSIS……………………………………………………….……6
4.1 MARKETING MANAGER...........................................................................................6
4.2 MANUFACTURING MANAGER...............................................................................11
4.3 FINANCE MANAGER.................................................................................................16
4.4 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER.............................................................................24
4.5 MAINTENANCE MANAGER.....................................................................................31
4.6 ELECTRICAL MANAGER..........................................................................................36
4.7 MECHANICAL MANAGER…………………………………………………………39

5 DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................. 44
6 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 46
7 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 47

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 1. INTRODUCTION

Engineering management is very useful in business, entrepreneurs are using is vastly now a
days. It is basically the study to technological problem solving ability of mangers and it is the
combination of management, administration and engineers.
Engineering management is very important for engineers for the stream line work,
operational activates, meet deliverable on time and to achieve organization goals. Those
engineers who are good in management are the prime priority of the organization.
ChipsЯus are a well-known producer of frozen chips and are the market leader in the UK. In
their UK plant the revenue from the sale of frozen chips has generated an annual sales
turnover of £60million. Market intelligence suggests that the demand for crisps in the UK and
Europe is expected to grow significantly over the next five years. The CEO wants the review
of all the mangers on this scenario to find that is this project is feasible or not.
This report is about the checking the feasibility of the project that is this project is viable for
the organization or we can make it feasible with some changes. Some basic points are
described below for understanding the scenario of the project.
1. Marketing research show that, there is a need of variety in size of the product packing.
Peanut butter flavour is most liked by the customers.
2. Manufacturing manager found some problems about production process and in
dealing outside contractor and the safety of their workers.
3. Finance manager shows the viability of the project and the interest in the project
increases after the finding of finance manager.
4. Hr manger findings are use full for long term working of the project as some of the
statuary polices are really important to comply with
5. Maintenance manager suggests that the expected life of the project is sufficient and
we can get payback in time with the suggestion that major maintenance will be
required for some basic equipment.
6. Electrical manager shows some important improvements in the wiring and lightening
system of the storage and work with suppliers.
7. Mechanical manger finds that the maintenance of equipment is decided on proper
schedule and project life cycle has been measured by using PMBOK guide.

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2. Literature review

Chances of capturing the market are in positive side as our product got
good response in the new market and also being liked previously. Variety is necessary to
achieve of goal in both senses price and size.
Constant market research is required to find new ways of production and we should hire
professional in their field to get better results and government policies are being studied and
need to be meet in productions.
It is better to invest in peanut flavoured crisp because it has positive NPV, ability to repay is
faster compare to hot and spicy and return on investment is greater than the hot and spicy,
from all aspect it is better to invest in peanut flavoured of crisp because only two flavoured is
appraised by the customer. Invest in peanut flavoured as it is liked by the customer and it is
financially viable and also helps to increase the profit of the company.
Worker should be well skilled and trained all manners like their own safety and should be
professional so that they take care of the equipment and machinery. Collaboration of worker
and mangers should be encouraged. Government policies should be meet.
The maintenance of substations and services must be done every six monthly and 12 monthly
bases. The equipment being used in the production line must be inspected, repaired and
cleaned on daily bases after the end of every shift. The maintenance must be done according
to the proposed scheduling procedure and work permits. The weekly inspection of equipment
according to the PUWER and COSHH standards and regulation must be done to ensure the
safety of every personnel.

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 3. METHODOLOGY

PROJECT
START

HYPOTHESIS PLANNING
WE ARE
CHECKING THE
FEASIBILITY OF
OUR NEW
[Link] EXECUTION
IN MIND WE WILL
PLAN
ACCORDING TO
THE REPORTS OF
DIFFERENT
CLOSURE
MANAGERS.
AFTER A
SUCCESSFUL
POLICY MAKING,
EVERY
MANAGER MUST
IMPLEMENT
THESE POLICIES
IN THEIR
RESPECTIVE
DEPARTMENTS.
[Link] SUITABLE
STRATEGIES TO
CAPTURE THE MARKET,
MAINTAIN THE NEW AFTER A SUCCESFUL
[Link] POLICIES IMPLEMENTATION OF
FOR NEW EMPLOYEES POLICIES. MUST
AND GATHER FINANCE ANALYZE PROJECT
FOR UNIT, PAYBACK AND TEAM RESULTS.
PERIOD AND RETURN ON
INVESTMENT.

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4. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Marketing Manager

1.1 Definition of marketing

“Marketing management is a process through which we give customer concept of our product
and services.” There are some basic steps that needed to be taken to introduce your product in
well manner and capture the targeted market place.
1.2 Needs of Customers
Find that what the basics needs of customers are. There are some physiological factors that
affect the mental level of customers we have to find this thing and satisfy our customers.
Some of the important things are as follows,
1.2.1 Empathy: Its mean that understanding from the people assisting them.
1.2.2 Fairness: Price, terms and condition, services these things should be fair if customer
find any error in these you will never be able to get that customer back.
1.2.3 Transparency: Make sure that all conditions should be clearly written, all ingredients
should be written on the packet.
1.2.4 Control: Customer want that he/she should not be controlled by the company so do not
write appealing conditions on the pack.
1.2.5 Information: customers like to know about the product details; ingredients etc so make
sure to print all the details and information about product.

1.3 Target market

“Term target market refers to the place/people that we are targeting to sell our product.” Our
product “Chips” is need of almost all people but mostly children and youngsters are using it.
So we have to study the following aspects to sell our product more efficiently.
1. First we will analyze our offerings, what are the issues customers facing and our
product is available to solve these issues, and in return to whom our product appeals.
2. Conduct market research.
3. Create customer profile and market segments to asses which parts to be targeted.
4. Another important thing is competitors. Find what our competitor are giving to the
customers, any specific services, discounts etc keep these thing in mind when you are
introducing the product.

There are some important features that should be kept in mind which are
1. Income level and
2. Aspects of life or Environment

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 They are really important because our product is not a essential part of life it is near to
luxury product so we have to study the market areas where people can afford our product
easily. Educated people should be targeted which have sufficient monthly income and these
people should be approached personally.

1.4 Income level: It is important to know that, what is the income of people we are targeting,
because if the prices is high even the quality is premium, customer will not buy our product
because it’s not in his league.

1.5 Aspects of life: There should be complete research about customer’s aspects of life
because it is necessary to know that whether our product is in regular use of the customers
we are targeting or not because if not then there would not a regular sale.

1.6 Competitors
Our competitor is a great hurdle in our way because he already made his place in the market
so it is very important to analyze the competitor polices. There are some import pints that
should be analyze which are as follows
1. Firstly we saw that how many competitors we are facing.
2. Make the competitor product summary.
3. We have to do SWOT analysis.
4. We should study the competitor inspirations/strengths.
5. Meet the competitors personally.
6. The market outlook.

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We will use market research technique to find our marketing options. We are going to use
4P’s technique to determine our options and find the place to capture the market.
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion

1.7.1 Product
There are many things to kept in mind for developing a premium quality product, there are
some important features that should be kept in mind. Some important points are described
below.
Quality of the product is one of the most essential part of a product if our product is best in
quality then we will get less competition and more customers.
Variety is very important of targeting a large market because it will capture more customers
due to large variety, if we lemmatize of product variety then demand of product will also be
limited.
Design of the product should be attractive like in case of chips there should be variety of
designs like cartoons shape for children etc.
Packing is very important because when we saw toward a attractive we want to buy it or at
least try it, if get success in convincing the customers to try our product then we are 50%
successful.

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Features of the product should be on the packet so that customers can find that what are
ingredients of the product they are using or how much calories they are getting by eating our
product.
1.7.2 Price
Price is very essential for customers because if same thing is in market is in less price then we
cannot capture the market so there are some basic things to kept in mind before deciding
price both for customers and our suppliers.
Prices lists should be made for the ease of customers and should be send in well manner
along with broachers of product to new customers.
Discount should be given to new customers (in a minor amount) to attract the new customers
(whole seller) there should be discount amount shown on the packing (amount should be
decided carefully so that it would not cause loss).
1.7.3 Place
Place refers to that how will the product will be provide to the customer. Distribution is the
key element in placement procedure. Following steps should be taken to get better results.
Advertising is like a back bone in marketing, people will not buy our product until they were
told through various channels about the product. It’s human nature that when we saw a
product multiple times on well known plat form they thinks that its reliable product and they
will try it eventually.
Selling personally is another trick to show customers that they are important to us, we should
introduce our product through those people how’s communication skill are best and know
how to deal with persons because every person have their own psyche e.g some people will
ask about price, some will ask about quality etc.
Sales Promotion has to conduct to increase the demand. Sales promotions use both media
and non- media marketing communication for pre-determined, limited time to increase
consumer demand, stimulate market demand or improve product availability.
Public Relations are an excellent tool because it gives you exposure; you do not have to pay
for it directly. The term “directly” is chosen carefully here. It is essential that company have
good PR to capture the market.
1.7.4 Promotions
In marketing promotion refers to any type of marketing communication used to inform
targeted audience of the relative merits of products, service, brand or issue. The aim of the
promotion is to increases awareness, create interest, generate sale or create brand loyalty.
Some basic steps are as follows
Coverage is a method for evaluating the various segments of the marketplace and deciding
which segments to cover in the marketing of a particular product.
Location strategy is a plan to get the best possible location for a company by identifies
company needs and purpose, and penetrating for locations with offerings that are well
matched e.g school, colleges etc.
Findings: After using the 4P’s method we find that our product should be in large variety in
sense of price and flavour so that we can capture the greater market, we find that there are
some people that are not willing to pay due to high price are they do not want large pack and
vice versa, moms wants family pack so that they do not have to carry multiple bags etc.

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Recommendations: In my view following table should be considered.

Flavour Segregation Price segregation

Small Medium Large Family
Flavour
Pack Pack Pack Pack
Ready Salted 0.09 1 1.5 3
Hot and Spicy 0.1 1.5 2 4
Peanut 0.1 1.5 2 4
Beefy 0.11 1.6 2.2 4.5
Salt and Vinegar
0.1 1.5 2 4

After viewing SWOT analysis we find that our target markets are Schools, Colleges, Big
malls and Grocery Store these are the places which can be captured because our competitor is
not focusing on schools and colleges and in malls and grocery store there is no proper
advertising. So we have to put attractive sign board for our product and there should be a sale
man on our stall which will entertain the customer in a pleasant way so that customers find it
useful, healthy and they should felt someone own them.
Online marketing should be considered more seriously.

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4.2 Manufacturing Manager

“Manufacturing manager coordinates with workers and machines in the production process.
Dividing his time between the office and the production area of the company, the
manufacturing manager ensures that all workers and department meets the required
production and efficiency level of the organization.”
This is often used to determine the five areas of production,

Technical
Economic
Legal
Operational
Scheduling.

Technical process: Technical feasibility refers to the required technical capabilities of the
organization that is the proposed technology practical? And if yes do we currently possess the
necessary technology? If the technology is available in house, does it have the capacity to
handle the production level and if the technology is not available than how can we acquire it?
This show how readily available the technology is upon the understanding of the production
process. In the course of breakdown, is it possible to have the technicians to maintain them
locally? What about infrastructures needed for the project? If these questions can be
answered in the affirmative, then the project is technically feasible (Thompson,
2003).Wickham (2004) on the other hand states that what necessarily should be involved in
technical feasibility includes the hardware and software network capability. While writing a
technical report the following points are taken in consideration:
i. A brief description of the business to assess more possible factors which could affect the
production.
ii. The parts of the business that should be taken in consideration for examining.
iii. The human and economic factor.
iv. What are the possible solutions to the hazards?

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 Washing
station
CrispsЯus
Roller
/scraper

Collection Rotary Scrubber

bin (removal of skins)

Steamer

Rotary
slicer
(crisps)

Deposit flavour
Vibratory conveyor

Fryer
Oil

Packaging
CrispsЯus

FGWH Racking

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Economic factor: Economic report assessment is to determine the positive effects on
economic factor of the organization that the proposed system will provide. It highlights the
quantification and identification of all the benefits expected. It typically involves a
cost/benefits analysis.

Legal/Regulatory factor: We have to keep in mind that the proposed system is accordingly
to the legal requirement of the present government rule and regulation because it is most
necessary to meet the statuary polices of the law e.g. a data processing system must comply
with the local data protection regulations.

Operational structure: Operational research is to measure that how well a proposed system
solves the problems, and takes advantage of the opportunities identified during research.
ensure success, desired operational outcomes must be imparted during design and
development. These include such design-dependent parameters such as reliability,
maintainability, supportability, us ability, disposability, sustainability, affordability and
others. A system may serve its intended purpose most effectively when its technical and
operating characteristics are engineered into the design. Therefore, operational feasibility is a
critical aspect of systems engineering that needs to be an integral part of the early design
phases. O’Brien; is of the view that an organizational feasibility should contain how well the
proposed system supports the business priorities of the organization (Mohammed, 2014).
According to Michele (2008), other feasibility factors include.

Scheduling: It is necessary to kept in mind whether the process of production can be

completed on desired time period are not. This means that estimating how long the system
will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time period using some methods
like payback period. Scheduling is to measure that how reasonable the venture timetable is.
By using our technical expertise, are the ventures deadlines correct/reasonable? Some
processes are initiated with specific deadlines. It is important to determine whether the
deadlines are mandatory or desirable.

Resource planning: It includes questioning such as how much time is available to build the
new system, what is the required time to built it, whether it collapse with normal business
operations. The resources we want to acquire are easily available, cheap, life of the
machinery etc. what amount of resources to be required, dependencies, and developmental
procedures of company relies with revenue prospectus of company.

Market and economic report: According to market research it is found that testing of
geographic locations for a real estate development project, and usually involves parcels of
real estate land. We have found conduct market studies to determine the best location within
a jurisdiction and to test alternative land uses for given parcels. Jurisdictions sometimes
require completing feasibility studies before they will approve a permit application for retail,

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commercial, industrial, manufacturing, housing, office or mixed-use project. Market
Feasibility takes into account the importance of the business in the selected area.

There are some important factors highlighted in our research that should be checked keenly
and improvement can be made in this process.
1. Examine the existing workflow and check that what the pain points in the process are
because if we know our problems then we can solve them otherwise it would not be
possible to improve the manufacturing process in new facility or in existing facility.
2. Updating the business process is necessary factor because now a day’s up-to-date
technology is key factor in earning profit.
3. There is another factor that is mostly neglected which is employee education, it is
necessary to invest in employee education to get stream line production.
4. Have realistic expectations never gave wrong expectation to peers which can elevate
your position for the time being but in the end it will show loss.
5. It is found that our competitors are using smarter making tools so if we want to
complete in this challenging environment then we have to install smarter making tools
also.
6. Regular and planned maintenance of machinery is very important in a stream line
working of production process because if machinery is not proper maintained then it
could cause unusual breakdown of production.
7. If we want to stay up-to-date then we have to encourage collaboration. All managers
should meet on a proper schedule to discuss their problems and to find the solutions.

There are some basic responsibilities of me as manufacturing manager so we have to focus on

some of them which are describes below,
1.1 Supervision Of Workers
We have to monitors all aspects of the production process. we ensures that all personnel and
resources have been properly allocated. We interact daily with a wide range of employees
such as laborers, trades people, engineers, truck drivers and office staff. On a typical day, he
may meet with factory workers to explain necessary shift changes, discuss equipment
upgrades with engineers and go over expenditures with accountants. Some mangers oversee
entire plants, while others will manage just one area, such as quality control or plant
maintenance.

1.2 Quality Control

As manufacturing manger implements quality control programs that ensures the finished
product meets a certain standards. We keeps up-to-date with latest management techniques
and programs: ISO 9000, Total quality Management (TQM), Six sigma. Once he identifies a
problem, the manufacturing manger decides on an appropriate course of action. A manager
might implement a new training program, reorganize the manufacturing process or order
higher quality parts and material from the supplier.

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1.3 Process Improvement

We will study and analyze the production process of the company and other within the
industry. We will implements any changes that could improve the efficiency and/or
productivity of the organization and might rearrange workers schedules, move machines and
raw material closer to the production line or find alternate delivery methods.
1.4 Administration

We have to understand the output capabilities of the company and keep up-to-date with the
cost of labor, equipment and raw material. We should have well developed communication
skills and works efficiency with other mangers in the organization. We will work with
financial department to establish production goals and budgets and provides the human
resources department with input regarding additional hiring, layoffs and training programs.
We meet regularly with the sales manager to discuss client needs and concerns and
coordinate the production schedule with that of the logistics department to ensure efficient
delivery of goods.
Based on the result of this study, i recommend the followings;

1. Government should assist entrepreneurs in documenting reliable market information and

ensure easy accessibility of fund, this can increasing their interest in feasibility study.

2. In order to identify the changing trends and update their feasibility report as supposed,
firm’s managers should engage in constant environmental surveillance.

3. Services of professionals should be engaged to draw up a detailed plan for the entrepreneur
due to their vast experience in this field rather than doing it themselves.

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4.3 Finance Manager

Financial Implication to the business:

When the business is profitable everyone wants to expand the business, as in this case
ChipsЯusv wants to grow their business as they have a major opportunity in the market
before they expand the business they have to take into account different considerations that
relate to both practical as well as financial, for expansion there must be some plan that why
expansion?, in which business you expand?, their cost and benefit analysis impact of
expansion in their current business?, what are the risk involved in the expansion either these
risk is mitigated or not?. ChipsЯus constantly look to ‘grow the businesses and have
identified a major opportunity in the ‘Crisp’ market. Market intelligence suggests that the
demand for crisps in the UK and Europe is expected to grow significantly over the next five
years. With this in mind, the Marketing department and ‘new product development team’
have created and tested several new crisp varieties but according to customer feedback two
flavours, ‘hot and spicy’ and ‘peanut flavoured crisps proved very popular with the ‘target
market’. So company will invest either in hot and spicy or peanut flavoured crisps for that
they have to analyze the investment with latest techniques like net present value, payback
method, cash flow or discounted cash flow using the specific discount rate provided 10%.
ROI return on investment for that we have to produce the individual product forecasting and
then we have to analyze with the latest techniques discussed above.
Marketing team test the all flavoured but according to customer feedback two flavour is very
popular with the target market. Target market is the market the seller want to capture that
exhibit similar characteristics, so according to that situation there is mainly two options that’s
company thinks to take for investment, then ChipsЯus need to analyze the financial viability
of HOT AND SPICY AND PEANUT FLAVOURED.

PROFIT OR LOSS PROJECTION

For Estimation of project viability one of the major part is to do forecasting that’s consider
the first step to start the process. Profit/Loss is the sales less any expenses.
YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5
SALES

READY SALTED CRISPS 3,564,000 2,232,000 3,640,000 3,960,000 3,960,000

HOT AND SPICY CRISPS 2,400,000 2,400,000 3,120,000 3,120,000 3,120,000

PEANUT FLAVOURED
CRISPS 2,400,000 2,760,000 3,120,000 3,120,000 3,120,000

BEFFY CRISPS 4,620,000 3,520,000 4,400,000 4,620,000 4,620,000

SALT AND VINEGAR 3,000,000 2,030,000 2,800,000 3,000,000 3,000,000

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TOTAL SALES 15,984,000 12,942,000 17,080,000 17,820,000 17,820,000

TOTAL
MANUFACTURING
COST
DIRECT MATERIAL
COST 6,942,600 5,224,350 6,629,400 6,942,600 6,942,600

DIRECT LABOUR COST 375,000 375,000 375,000 375,000 375,000

TOTAL COST 7,317,600 5,599,350 7,004,400 7,317,600 7,317,600

CASH FLOW 8,666,400 7,342,650 10,075,600 10,502,400 10,502,400

FIXED/ PERIOD
EXPENSES 3,328,800 3,328,800 3,328,800 3,328,800 3,328,800

NET PROFIT 5,337,600 4,013,850 6,746,800 7,173,600 7,173,600

CASH FLOW PROJECTION OF INDIVIDUAL PRODUCT:

Cash flow included all the cash inflows and cash outflows that directly attributable to them
and that will occur in the future following acceptance of the investment, depreciation is not
included in the cash flow as the depreciation is non-cash item. Cash flow included all the
incremental cost, opportunity cost etc. According to situation we have to produce the cash
flow projection of 2 product that is produced popular according to customer response that is
hot and spicy and peanut flavored crisp that is as follows:

HOT AND SPICY CASH FLOWS:

HOT AND
SPICY CRISP
MANUFACTURING LABOUR
SALES COST COST Cash Flow
YEAR 0

YEAR 1 2,400,000 1,044,000 375,000 981,000

YEAR 2 2,400,000 870,000 375,000 1,155,000

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YEAR 3 3,120,000 1,044,000 375,000 1,701,000

YEAR 4 3,120,000 1,044,000 375,000 1,701,000

YEAR 5 3,120,000 1,044,000 375,000 1,701,000

PEANUT FLAVOURED CRISP:

PEANUT
FLAVOURED
CHIPS

MANUFACTURING LABOUR
SALES COST COST Cash Flow
YEAR 0

YEAR 1 2,400,000 1,044,000 375,000 981,000

YEAR 2 2,760,000 1,000,500 375,000 1,384,500

YEAR 3 3,120,000 1,044,000 375,000 1,701,000

YEAR 4 3,120,000 1,044,000 375,000 1,701,000

YEAR 5 3,120,000 1,044,000 375,000 1,701,000

Is the investment if financially viable or not for that we have to do following analysis that
will help to understand the financial viability of the project, here are the following methods:
1. Net Present Value (NPV)
2. Pay Back Method
3. Accounting rate of return ( Return on Investment, ROI) etc

NET PRESENT VALUE:

Starting with the one of most used method and one of the reliable method for analysis of
investment that is Net Present Value or Discounted Cash Flow method. That is used to
analyze the profitability of projected investment and investment planning
Net Present Value is the difference between the present value of cash outflow and present
value of cash inflow, Positive NPV means that the project is financially viable and company
have to invest in that project and if NPV is negative project is not financial viable company
don’t have to invest in that project. At year 0 there is an initial outlay that is the cost need to
be invest in the project that’s consist of the three parts which are as follows:
Civil works needed 2,500,000
Electrical works needed 1,000,000

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Mechanical works needed 2,000,000
Total initial outlay 5,500,000
Discount Cash flow calculations - uses a 10% Discount rate

NPV of the hot and spicy:

CASH DISCOUNT RATE PRESENT
FLOW (10%) VALUE
- -
YEAR 0 5,500,000 1 5,500,000

YEAR 1 981,000 0.909090909 891,818

YEAR 2 1,155,000 0.826446281 954,545

YEAR 3 1,701,000 0.751314801 1,277,986

YEAR 4 1,701,000 0.683013455 1,161,806

YEAR 5 1,701,000 0.620921323 1,056,187

-
NPV 157,657

As the NPV is negative so that the investing in hot and spicy is financially not viable, so they
don’t have to invest in that project. That technique is one of the most used techniques for the
purpose of financial viability of the project and that project take into account the time value
of money.

NPV of the Peanut Flavored crisp:

CASH DISCOUNT RATE PRESENT
FLOW (10%) VALUE
- -
YEAR 0 5,500,000 1 5,500,000

YEAR 1 981,000 0.909090909 891,818

YEAR 2 1,384,500 0.826446281 1,144,215

YEAR 3 1,701,000 0.751314801 1,277,986

YEAR 4 1,701,000 0.683013455 1,161,806

YEAR 5 0.620921323

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 1,701,000 1,056,187

NPV 32,013

As the NPV is positive so that the investing in hot and spicy is financially viable, so they
have to invest in that project.

PAYBACK METHOD:
The payback one of most easy and frequent method used techniques for investment
appraisals. It is defined as the length of time that is required for a stream of cash proceeds
from an investment to recover the original cash outlay required by the investment. Through
this method we are in-able to understand that either this project is able to repay the basic
amount of investment that is to be invested in the project or not and what is the time period
for that. One of the disadvantages of the payback period is that it doesn’t take into account
the time value of money. Payback is used when liquidity present a major concern, as if
company have limited fund it will able to invest in one project not more than one project.

PAYBACK OF HOT AND SPICY:

CUMULATIVE
CASH FLOW CASH FLOW
YEAR 0 - 5,500,000 -5500000
-
YEAR 1 981,000 4,519,000
-
YEAR 2 1,155,000 3,364,000
-
YEAR 3 1,701,000 1,663,000

YEAR 4 1,701,000 38,000

YEAR 5 1,701,000 1,739,000

PAYBACK
PERIOD
3+(1,663,000/1701,000)

3.97 YEARS

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PAYBACK OF PEANUT FLAVOURED CRISP:
CASH CUMULATIVE
FLOW CASH FLOW
-
YEAR 0 5,500,000 -5500000
-
YEAR 1 981,000 4,519,000
-
YEAR 2 1,384,500 3,134,500
-
YEAR 3 1,701,000 1,433,500

YEAR 4 1,701,000 267,500

YEAR 5 1,701,000 1,968,500

PAYBACK
PERIOD
3+(1,433,500/1,701,000)

3.84
YEARS

Hence 3.84 years is required to repay the investment.

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RETURN ON INVESTEMENT:
The Accounting rate of return (also known as the return on investment and return on capital
employed) is calculated by dividing the average annual profits from a project into average
investment cost, profit is equal to cash flow less depreciation.
ROI = Average profit/Average investment
Average profit = (Sum of cash flows- investment project cost)/ project’s life
ROI OF HOT AND SPICY:
Average annual profit= 347,800
average annual profit
-
5,500,000

981,000

1,155,000

1,701,000

1,701,000

1,701,000

347,800
ROI= 347,800/5500000*100= 6.3%
ROI OF HOT AND SPICY:
average
annual
profit
-
5,500,000

981,000

1,384,500

1,701,000

1,701,000

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1,701,000

393,700
ROI= 393,700/5500000*100 = 7.2%

CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATIONS:
PAYBACK
NPV METHOD ROI
HOT AND -
SPICY 157,657 3.97 6%
PEANUT
FLAVOURED 32,013 3.84 7%

From all of the technique used to evaluate the investment we conclude that it is better to
invest in peanut flavoured crisp because it has positive NPV, ability to repay is faster
compare to hot and spicy and return on investment is greater than the hot and spicy, from all
aspect it is better to invest in peanut flavoured of crisp because only two flavoured is
appraised by the customer.
RECOMMENDATION:
1. Invest in peanut flavoured as it is liked by the customer and it is financially viable and
also helps to increase the profit of the company.
2. As hot and spicy is not that much viable but by reducing the cost of investment up to
2,00,000 it will also become viable project.
3. Better to understand the customer trend and to do customer analysis is to be done for
properly understanding of popular crisps.

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4.4 HR MANAGER

A HR Manager is a person who is responsible for managing employees for all levels of
organization to achieve organization goals.
WHAT IS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT?
The process of acquiring, training, appraising and
compensating employees and of attending to their labor relations, health and safety, and
fairness concerns.
HUMANISTIC VALUES OF HRM?
1. Need to respect and value individuality
2. People are basically good and try to do their best (McGregors theory Y)
3. Every individual has a set of potential that can be realized
4. Individuals has the capacity to strive for growth, dignity and self determination

WHY IS HRM IMPORTANT?

Followings are the basic duties of a HRM
1. Provide staff with career development opportunities.
2. Enable staff to have influence over their own area of work.
3. Ensure jobs are challenging, interesting and rewarding.
4. Provide timely and appropriate training.
5. Appraise staff regularly on their individual performance.
6. Involve employees in decision making.
7. Facilitate a good life/work balance.
8. Employ line staff that are ‘good leaders’ and respects their staff.

BENEFITS OF HRM?
1. The organization is keep up to date with legal issues.
2. There is a coordinated approach to strategy, policy and practice.
3. The organization as a whole has a fair and consistent way of training its staff.
4. Salaries are fair and consistent.
5. Good policies and practices are in place.

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 6. Job descriptions are up to date.
7. Staff and line managers expectations are clear performance measured successfully.
8. Recruitment Procedures are through, so the best people are recruited.
9. Staff breifings and induction are planned and organized.
10. Staff feel valued and encouraged to stay with the organization.

Most of the HR Managers focuses on the Employee life cycle because this can easily
describes What kind of employees a Organization need? What are the goals of Organization?
What are the opportunities and rewards for employees?
EMPLOYEE LIFE CYCLE?
The employee life cycle encompasses various stages in the career of an employee, beginning
with recruitment and concluding with resignation, termination or retirement. The typical
employee life cycle breaks down into five or six stages. Here are the most common one:
1. Recruit
2. Onboard
3. Develop
4. Retain
5. Offboard

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 1. RECRUITING

The recruiting process consists of the following stages

1.1 Planning: identifying staffing needs, conducting job analysis (determining the axact
nature of the position to be filled) and job design (determining how the job is to be performed
and the material and equipment required to do the job).
1.2 Recruitment: attracting people to apply for the position in the business, undertaking
internal and external recruitment. HR arranges tests, interviews and physical examination.
Typical process for Candidates
1. Complete application form and CV
2. Complete a written test, practical or aptitude test
3. Attend a formal interview

1.3 For successful candidates HR arrange

Background checks, references, Medical examinations. Some jobs require certain physical
checks e.g. Electrians, color blindness.
1.4 Selection: choosing and hiring the most suitable person for the job according to the
advertisement published.
1.5 Employment arrangements and remuneration: deciding on the type of employment
contract and ways of paying employees.

2. ONBOARD

In this stage, the employees who accepted jobs became workforce for the company. During
onboarding, they are provided with the information and tools to work more efficiently and to
integrate to the company’s culture. Employees learn about the company’s policies,
procedures and job duties, and they undergo training. They are also added to the identity and
access management system to the organization.
3. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

After an successful onboarding of employees the next stage is orientation, training and
development. In this process they teaching employees new skills, helping employees to learn
tasks associated with their jobs and to improve their skills.
3.1 RECOGNITION AND REWARDS: In this process, Monetary benefits like salaries and
non-monetary benefits like better conditions, fringe benefits are discussed.

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3.2 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: Numerous organizations use a learning
management system or performance management system to better manage employees
activity, get goals and give timely feedback. Sometimes, personality profile tools are used to
gather information that can help improve an employee’s performance.
4. RETAIN

Once a employee is integrated into the company and has a sound understanding of this role.
The next challenge is retaining the worker and ensuring continued employee development.
Continuous evaluation and recognition. At this stage HR professionals typically use talent
management software to monitor continued learning, as well as succession planning that can
identity candidates for promotion.
5. OFFBOARD

This is the final stage of the employee life cycle. Wherein the employees leaves due to new
job, retirement, layoffs, personal reasons or termination for violating company policy. In any
case, the HR department must follow proper procedures and documentation in the
offboarding process.
Typically, HR will inform the employee about final pay and benefits. Offboarding is critical
for helping employers maintain a strong corporate brand and gain valuable feedback from
existing employees. This information, in turn helps companies better retain other employees
and improve HR processes.
WHAT IS THE EXISTING CULTURE IN THE COMPANY?
From the competing values framework
4 organization culture types emerged
1. Clan culture: This working environment is a friendly one.
2. Adhocracy culture: This is a dynamic and creative working environment.
3. Market culture
4. Hierarchy culture

How To Engage Employees Through Your Company Vision Statement?

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 1. Reinforce the company vision by trying it to team and individual goals. The vision
statement of any company should be tied to achievable goals for employees.
2. Promote the company vision by always making sure it’s visible.
3. Share success stories that realize the company vision.

WHAT ARE THE SYSTEM OF REWARD?

A company can develop its own program of reward.
DESIGNING A REWARD PROGRAM
The keys to develop a reward program are as follows
1. Identification of company or group goals that the reward program will support
2. Identification of desired employee performance or behavior that will reinforce the
company’s goals.
3. Determination of key measurements of the performance or behavior, based on the
individual or group’s previous achievements.
4. Determination of appropriate rewards.
5. Communication of programs to employees.

TYPES OF REWARDING
There are different types of rewarding
1. Variable pay: Variable pay or pay for performance is a compensation program in
which a portion of a person’s pay is considered at risk. Variable pay can be tied to the
performance of the company.
2. Bonuses: They usually reward individual accomplishment and are frequently used in
sales organizations to encourage salesperson to generate additional business or higher
profit.
3. Profit sharing: Profit sharing refers to the strategy of creating a pool of monies to be
disbursed to employees by taking a stated percentage of a company’s profits. The
amount given to an employee is usually equal to a percentage of the employee’s
salary and is disbursed after a business closes its books for the year.

Challenges for Human Resource?

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 1. Compliance with laws and regulations: It is very difficult for HR to complete
and work according to laws and regulations.
2. Management changes: If the current management changes due to some reasons,
HR takes time to adjust with the new ones.
3. Leadership development: A recent study showed more than a third of companies
are doing an average job due to lack of leadership development programs.
4. Workforce training and development: Investing in the training and
development of lower level employees is another common hr problem. Some
businesses have trouble finding the resources to do so.
5. Adapting to innovation: Technology is constantly changing. Businesses must be
quick to adapt, or risk being left in the dust by their competitors.

GUIDANCE FOR NEW STAFF?

The following guidelines must be provided to the new staff.

Orientation: When you start work at a company, What specifically takes place on
your fast day will vary depending on your role and the department which you join.
You must be introduced to at least some of your colleagues including, where
appropriate, your induction colleague/ mentor.
Mandatory training: The central induction event is not compulsory, but you must
complete the following online training.
1. Equality and diversity
2. Information security
3. Introduction to fire safety

Development training: You and your manager may also identify other training areas
which, if not strictly required, would help you carry out your role.
Capturing these requirements will help you in objective setting.
Objective setting: Objective setting means setting goals. What you want to achieve?
During probation your manger will make to aware of the performance standard

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 expected from you, and you will be given the support, training and feedback needed
to achieve those standards.
Reviewing progress. It is very important to review progress after setting goals. At
the minimum, Review must take place after every three months, but it is good practice
for you and your manager to meet more often to discuss progress. As well as your
manager, you will have other colleagues to support you.
Functional flexibility: reflects an organization’s ability to adapt to changing
conditions and requirements, and is affected by issues such as training, management
and outsourcing flexibility in HR.
Standard operating: procedures in HR. Human resource department play integral
role in companies and businesses. HR personnel are typically responsible for finding
new employees, filling job openings, managing benefits and defining company’s
policies.

BALANCE BETWEEN WORK AND HOME LIFE

A healthy balance between work and home life can be achieved by following 5 basic
steps:

1. Priorities work tasks: It is important to determine the most urgent tasks for the day
and allocate sufficient time to complete them.
2. Structure time at work
3. Take breaks during the work day
4. Make use of annual holidays to recharge
5. Leverage technology to work smarter

Findings: We apply above research methods and found that our firm is complying with all
the polices. There is some small issue that needed to be taken care.

1. No proper training programs are arranged during past one year.

2. Lack of collaboration.
3. Less attention toward environmental issue.

Recommendations: It is recommended by me that workers should be trained for dealing any

accidents. Like they should be given firefighting training and hoe to deal with any uncertainty
until the professionals came to handle it.

Managers should conduct meetings with each other to discuss daily issue and meet with
workers in the field and listen to their issues.

In new facility water treatment plant is essential as it a statuary policy.

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4.5 Maintenance Manager

A maintenance manager generally deals with all actions necessary for retaining an equipment
or facility or restoring to it, a serviceable condition, including servicing, repair, modification,
overhaul, inspection and condition verification. As a maintenance manager my main purpose
is to support, configure, diagnose, repair, update and manage equipment throughout its life
cycle.
The equipment we have in our new facility is roller scrapers, washing stations, collection
bins, steamer, rotary scrubber, rotary slicer, fryer, vibratory conveyors. The main problems
with the equipment are:
1. Chocking
2. Accumulation of mud
3. Leakages
4. Corrosion
5. Tightening issues
6. Lubrication
7. Vibrations
8. Wear and tear

The main failures in the equipment and machinery will be found by doing “Root Cause
Analysis”.
The maintenance strategies for the equipment being installed in new factory extensions:
1. Corrective or Breakdown Maintenance (CM)
2. Scheduled Maintenance
3. Preventive Maintenance (PM)
4. Predictive (condition based) Maintenance

➢ Corrective or Breakdown Maintenance: It implies that repairs are made after the
equipment is being failed and cannot perform its normal function anymore.
1. Repairing: We should make weekly or monthly assessment on our equipment
to ensure that any repairing is required.
▪ Fault diagnosis: We should take actions for fault recognition, fault
localization, and fault isolation at the appropriate indenture level and
cause identification.
▪ Fault correction: We should diagnose fault to put the equipment into
a state in which it can perform a required function.
▪ Function check‐out: We will take actions to verify that the equipment
is able to perform the required function.
2. Replacement: We will replace any deteriorated equipment with the new
equipment for the continuous operation.

➢ Scheduled maintenance (SM): It’s a stitch-in-time procedure and incorporates:

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 1. Inspection: We should check for conformity by measuring, observing,
testing, or gauging the characteristics of equipment.
2. Lubrication: We should check for the lubrication needed for the smooth
operation to minimize the frictional losses and wearing and tearing of the
equipment parts.
3. Overhauling: We have to perform specific tests to maintain the availability
and safety of equipment. An overhaul may be performed at prescribed
intervals of time or after a number of operations, and may require a partial or
complete dismantling of the equipment.
➢ Preventive Maintenance (PM): Its principle is “Prevention is better than cure”. We
will perform tests to locate weak spots of machinery and equipment and provide those
scheduled inspections and minor repairs to reduce the danger of unanticipated
breakdowns.
➢ Predictive Maintenance: We will monitor periodically the machinery conditions and
it will enable the maintenance crews to take timely actions such as machine
adjustments, repair or overhaul.
1. Rebuilding: We will dismantle the equipment for the repair or replacement
that is approaching the end of their useful lives.
2. Turnaround: We will perform planned and periodic shutdown to perform
overhaul and repair activities and to inspect, test, and replace.
Maintenance Planning: It consists of set of tasks of organizing resources to carry out a job
satisfactorily at reasonable cost within a specified period of time. Main classifications of
maintenance planning are as follows:
1. Long range planning: This type of planning strategy is for a period of five years
which will include capital budgeting, strategies and operations.
2. Short range Planning: This type of planning strategy covers a period of one year.
This type of planning will include inspection, repairing, replacement, lubrication and
other maintenance activities.
3. Immediate Planning: This type of planning considers the maintenance actions
whenever required.
The planning of maintenance will be done in accordance with the free time available in which
no production is occurring. This action will require the work permits which will be shown to
the site inspection manager or engineer. The maintenance work will usually be done before
change of shifts and the record for every work is kept for future use.
Risk Assessment: A risk assessment is a “scientific evaluation of known or potential adverse
health effects resulting from human exposure to food borne hazards”. The assessment should
be conducted through lab analyzes, scientific observations and reports.
The major steps that we will follow for risk assessment are:
1. Hazard Identification: We have to identify the hazard which can cause serious
health issues to any personnel or craftsman working in and out of the perimeter of the
plant. The three main categories of hazards that we must consider are:

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 ● Biological Hazards: We have to identify the materials used in the production
of Crisps. These hazards may include bacteria, viruses, algae, residue of
washing, potato peels, mud etc.
● Chemicals hazards: We have to identify the materials which are chemically
hazardous to personnel. These may include paints, greases, lubricating oils,
flavouring agents etc.
● Physical Hazards: We also have to identify that is there any material which
will physically harmful for the personnel and machinery. These may include
stones, metals, glass pieces etc.
2. Dose/response relationship: We have to find the adverse effects of the hazards on
the health of personnel by evaluating the intensity of dose and the response time of
that dose.
3. Exposure assessment: In exposure assessment the quantitative analysis will be done
to find the effects of exposure for a specific time.

For the maintenance of chillers, compressors, forklift trucks, substations there must be a work
permit. The staff for the maintenance must be qualified and experienced to carry out the
maintenance work more efficiently and perfectly. It will require the proper training and
workshop activities and tests sessions for filtering the best and skilled staff for the
maintenance purposes.
The manning and skill level required for the maintenance technician are the good problem
solving, time management skills, comfortable in team work and must have a certified
technician degree as well as the experience of five years at least.
For the safety of personnel and craftsmen working on site is also included in the
maintenance management. For the safety the rules and regulations are based upon the
PUWER
The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER) 1998 place duties on
people who own, operate or control work equipment and machinery used in everyday
workplaces.
1. We have to ensure that the work equipment should not result in safety and
health equipment.
2. We also have to ensure that the new, second hand or existing equipment are
suitable for use and for the purpose they are intended.
3. We have to ensure that the lifting equipment like forklift trucks and conveyor
belts are maintained and lubricated periodically.
The equipment or machinery that may include in this assessment may include: Forklift trucks,
motor vehicles, food processors, conveyors, paint booths etc.
COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health) Assessment: A COSHH
assessment concentrates on the hazards and risks from hazardous substances in your
workplace.
● Substances hazardous to health in CrispRus may include:

● Dust
● Improver dusts containing enzymes etc.

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 ● Dusts from ingredients
● Spices, citrus oils and flavour concentrates;
● Cleaning and disinfectant products.
● Dermatitis may result from some frying tasks, and if hands are wet many times a day
or for a lot of the time.
● Control measures include:

● Careful working to avoid raising clouds of dust;

● Dust extraction
● Vacuum or wet cleaning
● Respirator for very dusty tasks
● Skin checks

Based on the result of this study, I recommend the followings:

1. The maintenance of substations and services must be done every six monthly and 12
monthly bases.
2. The equipment being used in the production line must be inspected, repaired and
cleaned on daily bases after the end of every shift.
3. The maintenance must be done according to the proposed scheduling procedure and
work permits.
4. The weekly inspection of equipment according to the PUWER and COSHH standards
and regulation must be done to ensure the safety of every personnel.
5. The recruitment of skilled and educated staff for the maintenance purposes must be
ensured for the uninterrupted production process.
6. For the quality assurance and to meet the customers desires the clean and hygiene
environment must be maintained.
7. The mixing of spices and the packaging of the crisps must be maintained in a proper
quantity to prevent any type of deviation from optimum conditions.
8. The record for every maintenance activity must be kept and noted on the files
manually.
9. For the continuous supply of utilities like water, nitrogen gas, paint, packages and
cartons, electricity, frying oil and fuel for frying, the 100% input of every personnel is
required.

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Checklist sample for maintenance and inspection work:

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4.6 Electrical project Manager

The primary responsibility of the project engineer is to ensure the technical integrity of
the project including compliance with the project scope, project specifications, accepted
good engineering practices, our clients' work processes, project schedule and overall budget.
As a project manager I have to propose strategy for the electrical management of our new
CrispRus extension. For this purpose, a new infrastructure will be developed which will
include the new buildings, production line, packaging, services like new substations, new
control rooms, transformers etc. It will require the new wiring installation, new lighting
bulbs, control systems and fire alarm systems are required.
An electrical project manager has to manage the electrical systems in our new CrispRus
extension. These electrical systems include all of the motor control, power transmission,
substations, cable installations, power lighting, networking and telemetry etc. These may also
include the designing of power system layout, the circuit breaker networking, Motor Control
Center (MCC) and the designing of capacitor bank for the power factor correction.
The management of this work will be done by defining all of the parameters and the
requirements for all the buildings, all substations, mess rooms, toilets, productions lines,
packaging areas. For the continuous supply of electricity to every electrical component, first
we have to estimate all of the electricity required to run that utility.
First, we will discuss about the substation required for our overall extension. A substation is a
part of an electrical generation, transmission and distribution system. This substation
assembly will contain electrical power transformers, isolators, lighting arresters, circuit
breakers, relays etc.
For the management of this project being an electrical project manager, I have to perform the
following tasks:
Preparation of detailed system drawings for the field: For this purpose, I have to generate
detailed drawings for the cable installments followed by the estimation of no of units and
other electrical components required. If I consider an example of an alarm system first, I have
to develop a complete and detailed diagram showing every type of component and the wiring
system. With the help of this diagram our team members will be able to count cables, plan
cable grouping, size conduits, and plan a conduit routing. Due to this our electricians will be
able to work with a planned drawing and will be able to show the best conduit routing and
cable grouping. We will follow the same procedure to manage the all maintenance and
installment work.
The electrical project management plan is the plan by which your electrical project will run.
It is a baseline so you have a point of comparison as you work through the electrical project
tasks. All electrical projects need to be planned and monitored using the same system of
processes.
To be able to measure our performance and provide accurate objective evidence we must
have a formal structured process system in place such as an Electrical Project Filing System
containing all standard documents including safety, QA, daily work sheets and standards etc.
In this electrical management I will consider the followings:

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 1. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS): In WBS I will breakdown all of the tasks into
the achievable tasks and activities. These activities will include the checking of a
specific task and will assure the level of satisfaction according to the budget and the
time.
2. Cost report summary: After the breakdown of the tasks and activities the cost report
summary will be prepared. This summary will contain the estimated cost of every
fragment and part of the whole project which include the electrical components.
3. Communications: The communications include the process of contacting with the
stake holders that who they will be? What type material we have to buy from them.
The proposed suppliers for the purchasing of our equipment. For this purpose, we
have to tabulate all types of requirements and specifications for the quotation of the
cost of every component.
As an electrical project manager, I have to design the proposed structure of central control
systems which include the computer systems, the cameras etc.
I will also work on the new building extension light bulbs requirement. We also have to work
on the safety systems in case of emergency shutdowns, interlocking or in case of
maintenance.
I will perform generic cost benefit analysis which may include the following steps: I have to
list all alternative actions, list of all of the suppliers, prediction outcomes of cost and benefits
over the relevant time period etc. To assure the maximum output of the craftsmen and the
technicians the proper training and the skills evaluation system must be conducted. The
legislative standards must be defined for the proper control of the working environment.
The services like chiller house, compressor house and the 11KVA substation will also be
managed and the electricity will be obtained from the government supplies but the electricity
can be generated by using the boiler steam. A major portion of electricity is used by the
automated control arms and the robotic system. The inspection of the defected crisps is done
by the high-speed scanning machines which are very sensitive to the electric power. The
inspection of batteries and the storage capacity must also be evaluated. Under the maximum
load the safety equipment like circuit breakers and the logic gate systems must also be
installed.
We also have to plan a networking and telemetry procedure for the proper control and ensure
the availability of network. It also covers the visibility and awareness into what is occurring
on the network at any one time.

1.1.1 The three-week schedule

The three-week schedule is a valuable planning tool the foreman or superintendent uses
onsite to plan out the details of the next few weeks, worth of work in more detail than the
project schedule, including manpower levels, work area details, and even task-specific
information. Creation of the three-week schedule a key component of the discussions during
your weekly production meetings that everyone understands.
It's also important to look at the schedule and pull out start dates for all activities that require
long lead-time materials or equipment. With the start dates in hand, work your way
backward, adding in submittal time, lead (fabrication) time, shipping time, and staging time.

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Documentation: File all of these lists in a binder sequentially. If there is ever a question
about a certain task, who completed the work, or what roadblock prevented the worker from
completing a task (sheetrock not being on the wall, etc.), then you'll have a clean record.
I will generate high quality work in alliance with the vision and mission of Pagett Electric. • I
will conduct site visits to understand the constructability of projects. • I will understand plans
and specifications to identify the types and grades of materials and equipment needed to
ensure compliance with project requirements. • I will develop project schedules: assigning
cost and manpower to the schedule and provide cash and manpower forecasting. • I will
develop budgets and cost codes for projects; assisting in the preparation of technical
proposals, including assisting in the design and writing the scope of work, management plans,
work sequence, safety, quality control and commissioning.
The designing of power equipment layout is also a necessary step to manage the electrical
wiring installment. This will ensure the proper fitting and will reduce the risk of any
• I will develop and presents clear and detailed project scopes to the client and meets with
potential customers to present proposals. • I will develop specific goals and plans to
prioritize, organize and accomplish work in a timely and professional manner.
Base on the study included, I will recommend the followings:
1. We will get the services from different suppliers so as the procurement department
could manage suppliers and develop the purchasing strategies which meet budgetary
and other operational requirements of the company.
2. Illuminating the storage area and the Crisps production area is related to the special
photometric, hygienic and electrochemical challenges, we will choose the lightings
which contain no glasses and are resistant to breakage.
3. The substation and the power production information and specifications have been
defined.
4. The record for every purchase must be placed which may include current status,
forecast and issues etc.
5. The proposed budget for the electrical management of the overall plant is
satisfactory.
6. The training of the staff and personnel for the electrical project management is
necessary for the continuous and uninterrupted plant operation.
7. The whole team must work systematically for the completion of the project in time.
8. In case of any shortfall of electric supply the standby grid stations must also be
installed which can work in a parallel manner for the continuous supply of the
product.

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4.7 Mechanical Project Manager

A Mechanical Project Manager is the primary point-person responsible for planning,

executing, and delivering engineering projects on time, within budget, and in accordance to
specifications. Manages a team to ensure cost effective, safe and timely completion
of projects to meet or exceed the consumer’s expectations.
The management and control are the main considerations for the success and the completion
of a project. “Project controls are the data gathering, management and analytical processes
used to predict, understand and constructively influence the time and cost outcomes of
a project through the communication of information in formats that assist effective
management and decision making.”
The major duties for me as a project manager are:
1. Evaluation of all the perspectives for the successive and in-time completion of the
project
2. I have to ensure that the process is delivered on time within the budget and generate
the product to the required quantity and the quality.
3. I also have to consider the proper maintenance and training required for the
completion of the overall project.

For the management and control of the project I will follow the rules and procedures
mentioned in the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Guide required for the
management of this new ChipsRus project. For this purpose, we have to know what must be
included in management and a project manager considers ‘’triple constraints’’ – Project
scope, time and cost.
The project lifecycle: For the estimation of project life cycle a project manager has to divide
projects into phases to provide better management and control with appropriate links to the
ongoing operations of the new extension. Collectively, these phases are known as the project
life cycle. We have to identify a specific set of life cycles of the new CrispRus project. These
project life cycles will generally define:
1. What technical work to do in each phase (for example in which phase should the
architect’s work be performed?)
2. When the deliverables are to be generated in each phase and how each deliverable is
reviewed, verified and validated.
3. Who is involved in each phase (for example, concurrent engineering requires that the
implementers be involved with requirements and design)?
4. The cost and staff levels are low at the start, peak during the intermediate phases and
drop rapidly as the project will draw to the conclusion.

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In order for our project to be successful, our project team must:
1. Select appropriate process within the process groups that are required to meet the
project objectives.
2. Comply with the requirements to meet the stakeholder needs, wants and expectations.
3. Balance the competing demand of scope, time, cost, quality, resources and the risk to
produce a quality product.

The process groups for our project management must include:

 Initiating Process Group
 Planning Process Group
 Executing Process Group
 Monitoring and Controlling Process Group
 Closing Process Group
The effective project management methodologies that I will follow will be: The traditional
project management methodologies are described below.
1. Waterfall Project management: We will sequence the tasks and work on final
product and the buildings. We have to order a sequence in which we will work on our
buildings and the infrastructure and their cost and the expected finish time will be
evaluated.
2. Critical Path Method (CPM): The critical path method developed in the 1950s is
based on the concept that there are some tasks you can’t start until a previous one has

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 been finished. When we string these dependent tasks together from start to finish, we
plot out our critical path.
3. Agile Project Management: The four main objectives we will follow in this
methodology will be:

 Individuals and interactions over processes and tools

 Working software over comprehensive documentation

 Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

 Responding to change over following a plan

4. Lean: Lean is a methodology that is focused on streamlining and cutting out waste.
The first step is to create a work process breakdown to identify and eliminate
bottlenecks, delays, and all forms of waste. The goal is to do more with less: i.e.
deliver value to the customer using less manpower, less money, and less time.
5. PRiSM: Projects integrating Sustainable Methods (PRiSM) was developed by GPM
Global as a means of creating a methodology that took environmental factors into
account while being a repeatable, efficient process that could easily be incorporated
into various large-scale projects. PRiSM is unique in that it is one of the few project
management methodologies that requires and rewards project managers with
accreditation. PRiSM is used primarily for large-scale real estate development or
construction/infrastructure projects that may result in adverse environmental effects.

For the evaluation of cost of all the equipment and services the management team has to find
the individual cost of all the equipment being installed in the new utility. The estimated cost
for the equipment and services is given about £2 Million. For the expected cost of every
equipment we first have to find the production capacity of the crisp packages. According to

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the provided yearly forecast it is assumed that the production capacity is around 4600 sale
units per hour and the ratio of potato to crisps is around 4:1 (4Kg potato to produce 1 kg
crisps). So, by this we can calculate the amount of potato required for hourly production.
Which is estimated to about 18.5 Tons of potato per hour. So, the cost of every equipment
will base upon this value.
The cost for the roller/scrapper conveyor will require its area, length and speed. These costs
will be calculated and quoted from the manufacturers.
The cost evaluation of washing station will require the area, water flowrate, residence time
and the quality and condition of the waste coming with the potato. Similarly, the estimated
cost for the steamer, collection bins, rotary scrubbers, fryer, vibratory conveyors and powder
dispersers can be calculated and estimated by the engineered study of the specifications of the
equipment.
The cost of services and utilities will also be calculated by the production rate and the
individual cost of every component and material used. The services for the supply of product
as well as the raw materials for the continuous production will also be evaluated by following
the PMBOK guide.
For the storage of the final product our storage capacity must be for at least for 1 week to 2
weeks to accommodate the market requirements. The warehouses for the storage and
handling must be large enough to handle all of the daily product.
The specifications and the information about the product and the manufacturer should also be
mentioned to seek the attention and satisfaction of the customer and to sustain a market
position. The diagrams and the printing of packages for the attraction of customer and the
change of flavors must be according to the scenario of competitors to maintain a market
share.
We also have to work in parallel ways to maintain the equipment. The training of
maintenance engineers and the testing for the recruitment must be ensured for continuous
operation.
To develop a project management plan, we have to perform the following tasks which may
include the following tasks: Collection of requirements, define scope, creation of work
breakdown structures, sequence activities, estimation of activity resources, estimation of
activity duration, estimation of costs and determining of budget etc.
The Findings based on the study:
1. For the continuous operation the management of project, the methodologies have
been found.
2. The production capacity is defined according to the monthly forecast of the units and
from the market survey.
3. The requirement and specification of every equipment and services have been
defined for the continuous operation without any type of deterioration.
4. The management for the maintenance of equipment and the training of personnel and
the management staff etc.
5. The project life cycle has also been measured by using the PMBOK guide.
6. The expected cost of the mechanical project has also been measured and it lies under
the estimated cost provided by the finance manager.

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 7. The estimation of completion of the project under the given span of time and the
budget has also been determined.

Based on the result of this study, I recommend that,

[Link] project will be completed in time and will be in accordance with the given budget

2. The expected project life cycle is around 5 to 7 years after this the major maintenance
will be required which may include the dismantling and the repair of the major
equipment.

[Link] management team and the project engineers must be experienced and skillful to
carry out the specific actions without any problems and delay in the production.

[Link] equipment and the services must also be managed, controlled and maintained to
meet the market standards and customer requirements.

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5 DISCUSSIONS
All the managers conduct discussions on the project in their respective departments, on the
basis of this every manager give his recommendation or point of view on the project.

Marketing Manager
As a marketing manager we need to build solid strategies to attract the consumers towards
our product. We should introduce variety in both price and product. Peanut butter flavour is
most liked in the market so we should invest in peanut butter flavour.

Manufacturing Manager
As an manufacturing manager should focuses on the quality and on the quantity to make
speedy and rapid progress. Manufacturing manager have to ensure that there is proper
collaboration between mangers and their respective workers.

Finance Manager
According to finance manager recommendations we should invest in peanut flavour to
increase our profit and we can also make project more viable by reducing the cist of
investment in hot and spicy flavour.

HR Manager
As an HR Manager I suggest that government rules and regulations stated for the
manufacturing industries should strictly be compliant like, water treatment plant, employee
benefit etc. HR management should make policies for its employees to work in a favourable
and stress free environment.

Maintenance Manager
Proper maintenance is very important for smooth working of manufacturing, so it is decided
that maintenance of sub stations and services must be done in every 6 months. The equipment
used in production must be inspected, repaired and cleaned.

Mechanical Manager
Mechanical manager research shows that project will be completed in time and budget. The
expected project life cycle is 5 to 7 years. It is also suggested that project engineers must
experienced and skilful.

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Electrical Manager
All work regarding electrical is in given budget. Although, lightings which contain no
glasses, and are resistant to breakage should be installed in the storage area of new facility
and in the existing facility.

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6 CONCLUSION

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7 REFERENCES

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