Direct and Indirect Sentences

Kalimat direct and indirect dapat dibagi menjadi 4 bagian:

1. Affirmative (kalimat berita) → That
2. Question (kalimat pertanyaan) → If, Whether
a) yes/no question
(If, whether)
b) WH question
3. Command (kalimat perintah) → to
4. Exclamation (kalimat seruan) → kata Tanya yang digunakan.

Direct Indirect
I. Tenses Present Tense Past Tense
Past Tense Past Perfect
Past Perfect Past Perfect
Future Tense Past Future
II. Modals Can, Could Could
May, Might Might
Will, Would Would
Shall, Should Should
Have, Has, Had Had to
Ought to
III. Personal Pronoun Subject: I He/She
You (singular) I/He/She
You (plural) We, They
We We, They
Object: me Him, Her
You (singular) Me, Him/ Her
You (plural) Us, Them
Us Us, Them
IV. Adverb Time
Now Then
Tomorrow Following day
Next week Following week
Ago Before

Place
Here There
This/These That/These
 1. Affirmative
Direct
1) He says,” Johni takes an accident on
the street”.
2) Juni said,” My mother cooks this cake”.
3) Father said,”I am arranging to take my
family to Parapat”.
4) Linda says,” We have washed all these
plates”.
5) Shopkeepers said,” We have shown the
new model”.
6) Teacher said,” Students would be
studying this lesson”.
7) The girls said,” These candies is
sweet”.
8) They said,” Arman can drive this
truck”.
9) Mother says,” We will stay at this
hotel”.
10) Father said,” I have much money in
Bank”.
11) Susi said,” Dony cleans these glasses”.
12) My friend said,” our teacher has been
teaching in other class”.
13) My boyfriend said,” You were a
diligent girl”.
14) Someone says,” All people may take oil
at this place”.
15) Doctor said,” These medicines are good
for you”.
1. Command
Direct
1) She says,” Do not eat my
chocolates”.
2) They said,” Be careful climb this
hill”.
3) Father commanded,” Be a kind
girl”.
4) Policemen said,” Don’t park here”!
5) Doctor said,” Drink these medicines
2 times a day”.
Indirect
He says that Johni takes an accident on the
street.
Juni said that her mother cooked this cake.
Father said that He was arranging to take his
family to Parapat.
Linda says that they had to washed all those
plates.
Shopkeeper said that they had to shown the
new model.
Teacher said that students would be studying
that lesson.
The girls said that those candies were sweet.
They said that he could drive that truck.
Mother says that we will stay at that hotel.
Father said that he had much money in Bank.
Susi said that Dony cleaned those glsses.
My friend said that our teacher had been
teaching in other class.
My boyfriend said that I had been being a
diligent girl.
Someone says that all people may take oil at
that place.
Doctor said that those medicines were good for
me.
Indirect
She says not to eat her chocolates.
They said to be careful climb that hill.
Father commanded to be a kind girl.
Policemen said not to park there.
Doctor said to drink those medicines 2
times a day.
2. Question
1. Yes-No Question (If, Whether)
Direct
1) Mother asked,” Will you buy some
fruits?”
2) She asked,” Did she play this play
station?”
3) She asked,” Does she play this
play station?”
4) She asked,” Would she play this
PS?”
5) She says,” Has she played this
PS?”
2. WH Question
Direct
1) Santi asks,” Where is my bag?”
2) She asked,” Who did take my
chocolate?”
3) Yessi asked,” Where can I buy
book like this?”
4) She asked,” When will we go to
Karang Anyar?”
5) Sandi asked,” Why do all my
family drink this medicine?”
6) Merry asked,” How long did we
arrive here?”
7) She asked,” Which pen is yours?”
8) He asks,” With whom had your
grandmother walked?”
9) The boy asked,” When will our
mother buy our car?”
10) Jenny asked,” who is sitting beside
you?”
11) Students asked,” What text will we
translate?”
12) My friends asked me,” Which
computer may we use?”
13) She asked,” What foods will you
cook for me?”
14) They asked,” How many people
were in the room?”
15) Andi asked his father,” How much
money did you save in Bank?”
Indirect
Mother asked if I would buy some fruits.
She asked if she had played that play
station.
She asked if she played that play station.
She asked if she would play that PS.
She says if she has played that PS.
Indirect
Santi asks where her bag is.
She asked who had taken her chocolate.
Yessi asked where she could buy book
like that.
She asked when we would go to Karang
Anyar.
Sandi asked why all his family drank this
medicine.
Merry asked how long we had arrived
there.
She asked which pen was mine.
He asks with whom my grandmother had
walked.
The boy asked when our mother would
buy our car.
Jenny asked who was sitting beside me.
Students asked what text they would
translate.
My friend asked which computer we
might use.
She asked what foods I would cook for
her.
They asked how many people had been
in the room.
Andi asked his father how much money
he had saved in Bank.
3. Exclamation (What, How)
Direct
1) She said,” How handsome that boy
is!”
2) She said,” What a difficult lesson
we will study!”
3) He says,” How beautiful Lina
was!”
4) They said,” What a fresh fruits you
bought!”
5) She said,” How fast you have
cooked this food!”
6) Students said,” What a difficult
text we translate!”
7) The old man said,” What an
expensive medicine I will buy!”
8) Students said,” How good teacher
we have!”
9) Marry says,” What a beautiful
flower it was!”
10) Seller said,” How much money
you save!”
Indirect
She said how handsome that boy was.
She said what a difficult lesson they
would study.
He says how beautiful lina was.
They said what a fresh fruits I had
bought.
She said how fast I had cooked that
food.
Students said what a difficult text we
translated.
The old man said what an expensive
medicine he would buy.
Students said how a good teacher they
had.
Marry says what a beautiful flower it
was.
Seller said how much money I saved.