(ig ig the Sensible Heat Ratio of Air Con Equipment with the Building Load SHR Final Report to: Airxchange November 12, 2003 Report prepared by: TIAX LLC Reference 05186 Notice: This report was commiss oned by Airxchange on terms specifically limiting TIAX's liability, Qur conclusions are the results of the exercise of aur best professional judgement, based in part upon materials anc information prov ded to us by Airxchange ard others. Use cf this report by any third party for whatever Purpose should not, and does not absolve such thre party from using due diligence in verfy ng the repor's conterts. ‘Any use which a thid party makes cf this document, or any relznce on it or decisions to be made based fan it are the responsibilty of such third party. TIAX accepts no duty of care or Habilly of ary kind ‘whatsoever te any such third pary, ane ne responsi ity for damages, fany, suffered by ary thd party as a result of decisions made, or nct made, or actions taken, or not taken, based on this document. ‘Acom Park + Cambrdge, MA + ozt4vzss0 USA + +1617 498 500(tax Table of Contents ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS. LIST OF TABLES. LIST OF FIGURES. 1. INTRODUCTION. Tue MyTH oF THe DECLINING LATENT CAPACITY OF UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS W u 1.2. BUILDING HUMIDITY CONTROL PROBLEMS ARE NOT A MYTHL 12 13. The RATIOGE SeASIBLE AND LATER | COOLING LOADS IN BULLLINGS HAS CHANGED, 13 14, OPTIONS FaR INCREASING THHE LATENT CAPACITY Ls 2. THE EVOLVING SENSIBLE HEAT RATIO OF COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS. a 2.1, SENSIBLE AND LATENT COOLING LOADS 22 2.2. CHANGING BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND VENTILATION STANDARDS ~ ASHRAE, STANDARD 90.1 AND ASHRAE STANDARD 62 23 221 Building Envelope 24 2.2.2. Equipment Loads. 2 223. Vemilation and Infiltration, 26 2.3. BUILEING COOLING LOAD CALCULATIONS FOR.A RANGE OF CLIMATE ZONES 28 23.1. The Evolution of Envelope und Lighting Specifications Over Time. 29 232 Analysis Reswits 29 THE SYSTEM SENSIBLE HEAT RATIO OF wa 3.1. Syste SHR = ‘OMBINATIONS OF HVAC EQUIPMENT. IENERAL CASE: 3.2, SysteM SHR — UNITARY At CONDITIONER COMHINE WITH AN ALTO AIK ENTHALPY RECOVERY EXCHANGER 2 5.21 Example Calculation of Combined SHR for Unitary and ERV. 3a 322 Mlustvative Example — she Example Office Building of Section 2.3 3 323. Sensitivity Analysis 3 3.1 Tofitation ce 3 3.2. FRY [atom Eifectivencss < RV Sensible Fifetiveness| 4.24, Calewiation of Unitary * ERV SHRs for the Examples in Section 3.2.2 4. SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS 41 CONCLUSIONS. 6. REFERENCES.Ct x List of Tables Table 2-1: Changing Minimum Outdoor Make-Up Air Ventilation Rates Per ASHRAE. Standard 62 27 Table 2-2: Required CFM/f, Based on Estimated Maximum Occupancy and Required CEM/Person . 247 Table 2-3: Weighted Average Ventilation per Floorspace Required for Office Building 29 Table 2-4: Input Values of the Envelope 2 Table 2-5: Design Conditions. 21 Table 3-1: Combined SHR Calculation a4 Table 3-2: Comparison of the Building Cooling Load SHR with the Combined Unitary + ERV SHR in Miami Climatic Conditions ... ses 365 Table 3-3: Comparison of the Building Cooling Load SHR with the Combined Unitary + ERV SHIR in Boston Climatic Conditions Table 3-4: Sensitivity Analysis — Impact of Infiltration (at 0.5 Air Changes/Hour) ...3-7 Table 3-5: Sensitivity Analysis: € wes = © sem —1.05 (Unitary SHR = 0.75) .. 38 Table 3-6: Ventilation Portion of Design Load, Corresponding FRV Net Recovery Capacity at €0.7 von 7 38 Table 3-7: Design Load and Unitary Capacity Net of the ERV NRC... 9 9 Table 3-8: Combined SHR (Unitary SHR = 0.75)