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3 Lte Mac RRC (Á ºà¿-) PDF
3 Lte Mac RRC (Á ºà¿-) PDF
• Field KPI
• Multi-Carrier operation and CA
• VoLTE and other GBR services
• How to cope with traffic growth?
Information on ME
UE Category, RAT support
Frequency band
Information written to USIM Forbidden PLMNs/TAs/Las
Registered PLMN MRU Acquisition information
Forbidden PLMN list Barred Cells/Barred Frequencies
etc…
(3) Acquisition (5) Read MIB/SIB1 (7) SIB2 and (9) Cell is
PHY other SIBs selected and
Scan Band/Freq Using SI-RNTI UE camps
* Cell that is “Acceptable” to one UE can be a “Suitable” for another UE and vice versa.
** UE in “Limited Service” periodically scans system to obtain “Normal Service”
UE-associated signaling connection across the S1_MME called UE-associated logical S1-
connection (in MME)
RRC-Idle RRC-connected
RRC Connection released
RRC-Idle
• A UE specific DRX may be configured by upper layers.
• UE controlled mobility; (Cell selection/reselection, TA update)
• The UE:
– Monitors a Paging channel to detect incoming calls, system information change, for ETWS capable UEs, ETWS notification, and
for CMAS capable UEs, CMAS notification;
– Performs neighbouring cell measurements and cell (re-)selection;
– Acquires system information.
RRC-Connected
• Transfer of unicast data to/from UE.
• At lower layers, the UE may be configured with a UE specific DRX.
• Network controlled mobility, i.e. handover;
• The UE:
– Monitors a Paging channel and/ or System Information Block Type 1 contents to detect system information change, for ETWS
capable UEs, ETWS notification, and for CMAS capable UEs, CMAS notification;
– Monitors control channels associated with the shared data channel to determine if data is scheduled for it;
– Provides channel quality and feedback information;
– Performs neighbouring cell measurements and measurement reporting;
– Acquires system information.
일반적 환경 (~15km)
TDD 모드용
UE eNB
0 RA Preamble assignment
PDSCH
3 Scheduled Transmission
PUSCH
Contention Resolution 4
PDSCH
Periodical Reporting
• Report strong cells periodically regardless, if configured by network
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training
28 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Inter-eNB
Handover
* Harri Holma and Antti Toskala, LTE for UMTS: OFDMA and SC-FDMA Based Radio Access, Wiley, 2009
* Harri Holma and Antti Toskala, LTE for UMTS: OFDMA and SC-FDMA Based Radio Access, Wiley, 2009
KT SKT LG U+ KT SKT LG U+ KT KT
UL UL UL DL DL DL UL DL
(5 ㎒) (15㎒) (10㎒) (5 ㎒) (15㎒) (10㎒) (10㎒) (10㎒)
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9
1 2 3 4 6 6 8 9 0 1 5 6
9 4 9 9 4 9 4 4 5 5 0 0
1.8GHz
B3
2.1GHz
B1
LG U+ SKT KT LG U+ SKT KT
IMT-satellite IMT-satellite
UL UL UL UL UL UL
(30㎒) (30㎒)
(10 ㎒) (30㎒) (20㎒) (10 ㎒) (30㎒) (20㎒)
1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2
9 9 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 2
2 3 6 8 1 1 2 5 7 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training
37 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Multi-Carrier Operation
• Mobility
– Intra-frequency handover
– Inter-frequency handover
• Load balancing
– Idle mode cell selection priority
– Idle mode load balancing
– Connected mode load balancing
– Service aware(?)
2nd carrier?
2nd carrier?
1st carrier
UE
1st carrier
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training
38 © Nokia Siemens Networks
MC와 CA의 차이점
• MC (Multi Carrier)
• 예: SKT가 현재 850MHz 2x10MHz와 1.8GHz의 2x10MHz에서 MC LTE를 운용 중
• 850MHz망만 운용하는 것에 비하여 시스템 용량은 2배 증가
• 한 단말기가 동시에 850MHz와 1.8GHz를 사용하지 않으므로, 단말 구현의 난이도는 높지 않음
• 한 단말기가 동시에 850MHz와 1.8GHz를 사용할 수는 없으므로, 사용자 PDR은 2배로 증가하지
않음 여전히 DL 75Mbps
• CA (Carrier Aggregation)
• 한 단말기가 동시에 N개의 주파수를 동시에 사용할 수 있음.
• 이에 따라 위의 SKT의 예에서는 사용자 PDR이
2배로 증가 가능 최대 DL 150Mbps
• 실제 시스템 용량은 MC에 비하여 크게 증가하지 않음
• 단말기 구현의 난이도가 높음
• Intra-band contiguous CA (하)
• Intra-band non-contiguous CA
• Inter-band (non-contiguous) CA (상)
• Quality of service
– GBR bearer: Guaranteed bit rate
– Non-GBR bearer: No guaranteed bit rate
• Establishment time
– Default bearer
Established when UE connects to PDN
Provides always-on connectivity
Always non-GBR
– Dedicated bearer established later
Can be GBR or non-GBR
• Every EPS bearer
– QoS class identifier (QCI): This is a number which describes the error rate and delay
that are associated with the service.
– Allocation and retention priority (ARP): This determines whether a bearer can be
dropped if the network gets congested, or whether it can cause other bearers to be
dropped. Emergency calls might be associated with a high ARP, for example.
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training
47 © Nokia Siemens Networks
QCI (QoS Class Identifier)
UE power saving
0 1 3 1 1 0
UE B
Channel
3 1 2 1 0 0
UE C unaware Resulting
weight: 2
3.00
3GPP Case 1
Assumes nice
2.50 simulations with hexagonal grid +
full buffer gives uncorrelated antennas
1.74 bps/Hz/cell
2.00
bps/Hz
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0% 13% 25% 38% 51% 63% 76% 88%
Loading
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training
54 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Non-GBR capacity “after” serving VoLTE
(Example)
18000
Available non-GBR capacity per
cell “after” serving VoLTE users
16000
DL available non-GBR throughput
UL available non-GBR throughput
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Number of VoLTE users per cell