Bearing Capacity

:‫ “ علي أساس أنها لبشة‬Bearing Capacity “ ‫حساب‬

B raft = 23.1
L raft = 51.1
Df = 2.85

1
 ‫قطاع الجسة في حالة حمام السباحة‬
Project ‫مشروع إنشاء حمام‬
Location
Strata
Depth (M) Description G.W.T
Legend Depth
1.00 1 Fill
2.00
Silty clay 2.00
3.00
3
4.00
Soft clay 3.6
5.00
5
6.00
Clayey silt
7.00
7
8.00 ~~~~~~
Peat
~~~~~~ 8
9.00 ~~~~~~
~~~~~~ 8.7 Organic clay
~~~~~~
10.00 ~~~~~~ 9.7 Medium stiff clay

11.00

12.00

13.00
Silty sand
14.00

15.00
15.2
16.00
17.00
18.00 Clay sand
18.6
19.00

20.
20.00 Dense sand
00

2
quit = C.Nc.λc + γ1Df Nq * λq + γ2 BN6λ6

Layer I medium silt clay:

Φ=7 Nc = 7.5 Nq = 2 Nγ = 0
B  23.1 
c  q  1  0.3  1  0.3   1.13
L  51.1 

qult = 40 * 7.5 * 1.13 + 19 * 2.85 * 2 + 0 = 393.15 KN/m2

qultnet = qult - γDf = 393.15 – 19 * 2.85 = 339 KN/m2
qultnet 339
quitsafe    113 KN / m 2
F .S 3 =1.13 KN/m2
Layer II (soft clay)
Φ=0 Nc = 5 Nq = 1 Nγ = 0
 25.25 
c  q  1  0.3   1.14
 53.25 

 25.25 
   1  0.3   0.86
 53.25 

γ1 Df = 2 * 19 + 2 * 0.7 = 39.4 KN/m2

qultnet = 25 * 5 * 1.13 + (30.4) * 1 *0.86 + 0 = 175.134
qultnet = qult - γDF = 175.134 – 39.4 = 135.72
quitnet 135.73
qultsafe    45.29 KN / m 2  0.45Kg / cm 2
F .S 3

For paet
q all = 0.15 Kg/cm2
(27.25 * 55.25)
qall  at F.L  0.15 * Kg / cm 2
23.1* 51.1

= 0.19 Kg/cm2 = 1.19 t/m2

2
‫سم‬/‫ طن‬1.9 = 2 ‫سم‬/‫ كجم‬0.19 = ‫جهد التربة لمآن عند مآنسوب التأسيس‬

3
assume
thickness of P.C = 0.3 m
thickness of R.C = 0.5 m (to be checked late)

4
Check stress on soil:
Total stress on soil = total load/Area
Total load = weight of floor + weight of water + weight of wall

Weight of water:
Weight of water = γw.Hw.Awater
= 1 * 2.85 (12*22) = 752.4 t
 2.85  2.35 
 1*   3.5 * 22   257.85
 2 

 2.35  1.1 
 1*   34.5 * 22  1309.275
 2 

2319.525
Weight of wall:
Weight of wall = twγH.L
= 0.3 * 2.5 * 2.85 (22 + 2 * 3.5) = 98.325
 2.85  2.35 
 0.3 * 2.5 *   2 * 3.5  13.65
 2 

 2.35 *1.1 
 0.3 * 2.5 *   34.5 * 2  22  117 .72
 2 

229.69
Weight of floor:
Weight of floor = tf γcAf
(R.C) 1429.45 = (50.6 * 22.6) * 2.5 * 0.5 = ‫مسلحة‬

5
 (P.C) 779.07 = (51.1 * 23.1) 2.2 + 0.3 + ‫عادية‬

(weight of soil) = γsand * H * + ( 50.6 + 22.6) 0.25 * 2.85 * 1.8 = ‫الرفرفة‬

2
= 93.87
total load 2319.525  229.695  2208.5
total stress on soil  
Area P.C 23.1 * 51.1

4757.53  93.87 4851.61

 
23.1 * 51.1 23.1 * 51.1

= 4.1649 t/m2 ~ 4.11 t/m2

Net stress on soil = total stress - γDF
= 4.11 – 3.182 = 0.928 t/m2

Check up lift

‫ هي عندمآا يكون الحمآام فارغ تمآامآا مآن المآياة و لم يتم‬: ( critical case ) ‫الحالة الحرجة‬

.‫الردم بالرمآل حول الحمآام و مآنسوب المآياه الجوفية أعلي مآا يمآكن‬
In this case the own weight of swimming pool
= Weight of wall + weight of floor
= 229.695 + 2208.5 = 2438.195 t
Up lift force = 0.85 (23.1 * 51.1) 1180.41
Own weight of pool > up lift force …O.K
2438.192
F .O.S for up lift   2.06.......O.K
1180 .4

Design of swimming pool:

Since the height of walls < 3.0 m all the pool, there is no need for
edge beam i,e the statical system of the wall will be fixed base and free
at top.

6
Cases of loading:
There are three possible cases of loading:
1- Cases of water pressure only, just after construction

2- Case of earth pressure only, when the pool is empty

3- Case of earth pressure + water pressure during the use

The most critical case of loading is case 1 and case 2 , case 3 is

not critical because it gives small load

Design as U Frame

7
Case (1):
Case of water pressure only, just after contraction
‫الحمآام مآمآلوء بالمآياه و لم يتم الردم حول الحمآام ) أثناء التجربة ( و المآييياه الجوفييية أقييل مآييا‬
.‫يمآكن‬

weight of wall  w .t w .H w L
q 
Area A

2.5 * 0.3 * 2.85 * (12 * 2)

  0.2t / m 2
12 * 22

3 Moment eq. at (b):

WL 0.2 * 22 
3 3

0  2Mb(2.85  22)  Mb(22)  6 

 45 24 

 2.85 * 2.85 0.2 * 22 

3 3

71.7 Mb  6  
 45 24 

Mb = -7.55 m.t

Strip II-II:
 w .t w .H w L 2.5 * 0.3 * 2.6 * (3.5 * 2)
q 
A 3.5 * 22
2.5 * 0.3 *1.1* (2 * 34.5)
q  0.075t / m 2
34.5 * 22
8
 = 0.177 t/m2 ~ 0.18 t/m2
3 moment equation at (b)
 2.6 * 2.6 0.18 * 22 
3 3

0  2Mb(2.6  22)  Mb(22)  6   

 45 24

Mb  6.82m.t

Strip III – III:

2.5 * 0.3 *1.1* (2 * 34.5)

q  0.075t / m 2
34.5 * 22

3 Moment equation at b
1.1 *1.1 0.075 * 22 
3 3

0  2 Mb(1.1  22)  Mb( 22)  6   

 45 24

Mb  2.93m.t

Case 2:
Case of earth Pressure only (when the pool is empty)
‫الحمآييام فييارغ تمآامآ ي ا مآيين المآييياه و المآييياه الجوفييية أعلييي مآييا يمآكيين و يوجييد ردم الرمآييل نظيييف‬
.‫حول الحمآام‬
Strip I – I:

9
 1  sin  1  sin 36
Ka    0.26
1  sin  1  sin 36

e   soil .H .K a  1.8 * 2.85 * 0.26  1.338t  1.4t

W  q  Uplift  0.2  0.6  0.8t / m

3 Moment equation at (b):

1.4 * 2.85 0.8 * 22 0.6 * 0.6 
3 3 3

0  2Mb( 2.85  22)  Mb(22)  6   

 45 24 350 

Mb  29.77m.t

Strip II – II:

Ka = 0.26
10
 e = γsoil * H * Ka = 1.8 * 2.6 * 0.26 = 1.22 t/m2
W = q + Uplift = 0.18 + 0.25 = 0.43 t/m2

3 Moment equation (b):

1.22 * 2.6 0.43 * 2.6 
3 3

0  2Mb(2.6  22)  Mb( 22)  6  

 45 24

Mb  16.11m.t

Strip (III - III):

Ka = 0.26
e = γsoil * H * Ka = 1.8 * 1.1 * 0.26 = 0.51 t/m2
w = q = 0.075 (there is no uplift)

11
3 Moment equation at b:
 0.51*1.1 0.075 * 22 
3 3

0  2Mb(1.1  22)  Mb(22)  6  

 45 24

Mb  2.93m.t

12
 ‫)‪Case (1‬‬ ‫)‪Case (2‬‬
‫‪I-I Strip‬‬

‫المحام ملوء‬ ‫المحام فارغ تاما من الاء‬

‫‪II-II‬‬

‫‪13‬‬
 III-III

Design of critical section

Strip (I – 1):
Sec (1) upper R.F.T
M = 19.89 stage (I) t = 0.5 m
Check stress:
6M 6 *19.65 *105
f ct    44.7  18Kg / cm
b.t 2 100 * 50 2

take t = 70 d = 65
6 *19.65 *105
Fct   16.7  18 Kg / cm 2 O.K
all
100 * 70 2

M 19.65 *105
d  K1 65  K1
b 100

K1 = 0.47 Fs = 2000 Kg/cm2 fc = 45 Kg/cm2

M 19.65 *105
As    27cm 2
K 2 .d 1832 * 65

Use (10 Φ 19/m')

Sec (2) lower R.F.T:
M = 29.77 stagge II
14
 t = 70 cm d = 65 cm
M 29.77 *105
d  K1 65  K1
b 100

K1 = 0.367 fs = 200 Kg/cm2

fc = 55 Kg/cm2 K2 = 1806
M 29.77 *105
As    25.35cm 2
K 2 .d 1805 * 65

Use (9 Φ 19/m')
Design sec 3
Stage (II)
M = 29.77 N = γw .tw . H = 2.5 * 0.3 * 2.85 = 2.14 t/m
T = 30 d = 25

M 29.17
e   13.9
N 2.14

e 13.9
  0.5
t 0.3
…………… Big ecc
t 0 .3
es  e   cov er  13.9   0.05  14
2 2

Ms = N.es = 2.14 * 14 = 29.96

Ms 29.96 *105
d  K1 25  K1
b 100

K1 = 0.144 on safe
take t = 50 d = 45
29.96 *105
45  K1
100
K1 = 0.264 K2 = 1740 Fc = 80
Ms N 29.96 *10 5 2.3 *10 3
As      37.11cm
K 2.d F 3 1740 * 45 2000

15
 Use (10 Φ 22/m')
Design of Section (4):
Stage II
M = 7.55 N = γw .tw . H = 2.5 * 0.3 * 2.85 = 2.14 L

M
t  3cm  47
3b t = 50 m
6M N 6 * 7.55 *105 2.14
f ct      18.11  18.5Kg / cm
all
bt 2
b.t 100 * 50 2
100 * 50 O.K
M 7.55
e   3.52
N 2.14

e 3.52
  0.5................bigecc
t 0.5

t 0.5
es  e   cov er  3.52   0.05  3.72
2 2

Ms = N * es = 2.14 * 3.72 = 7.96 m.t

M 7.96 *105
d  K1 45  K1
b 100

K1 = 0.504 fs = 2000 Kg/cm2

fc = 45 K2 = 1832
Ms N 7.96 *10 5 2.14 *10 3
As      8.585cm 2
K 2 .d f s 1832 * 45 2000

Use (7 Φ 13/m')

Strip II = II:
Section (5)
M = 17.71 m.t t = 70 d = 65

17.71*10 5
65  K1 K1 = 0.48
100

Fs = 2000 Kg/cm2 fs = 45 Kg/cm2 K2 = 1832

17.71
As   14.87cm 2
1832 * 65 16
 Use (8 Φ 16/m')
Section (6)
M = 16.11 t = 70 d = 65
17.71 *105
65  K1 K1 = 0.51
100

fs = 2000 Kg/cm2 fc = 45 Kg/cm2 K2 = 1832

Ms 16.11 *105
As   13.52cm 2
K 2 .d 1932 * 65

Use ( 8 Φ 16/m')

Section 7
M = 16.11 m.t N = γw .tw . H = 2.5 * 0.3 * 2.6 = 1.95 t/m
t = 30 cm d = 25
M 16.11
e   8.26
N 1.95

e 8.26
  0.5................bigecc
t 0.3

t 0.3
es  e   cov er  8.26   0.05  8.06
2 2

Ms = N.es = 1.95 * 8.06 = 15.72

Ms 15.72 *105
d  K1 25  K1
b 100

t = 50 d = 45 K1 = 0.358
fc = 60 K2 = 1793

15.72 *105 1.95

As    18.51cm 2
1793 * 45 2000

17
 Use (10Φ16/m')
Section (8):
M = 6.82 N = 1.95 t
t = 30 d = 25
M 6.82
e   3.49m
N 1.95

e 3.49
  0.5................big ecc
t 0.3

t 0.3
es  e   cov er  3.49   0.05  3.55
2 2

Ms = N.es = 1.95 * 3.65 = 7.12 mt

Ms 7.12 *105
d  K1 25  K1
b 100

K1 = 0.296 fs = 2000 Kg/cm2

fc = 75 Kg/cm2 K2 = 1761
Ms N 7.12 *105 1.95 *103
As      15.17
K 2 .d f s 1761* 25 2000

Use (8 Φ 16/m')
Section (9):
M = 2.39
0.15
use min stell  *100 * 70  10.5cm 2
100

Use (Φ/m')

Section (10):
M = 7.47 t = 70
0.15
use min steel  *100 * 70  10.5cm 2
100

18
0.15
use min steel  *100 * 50  10.5cm 2
100
 Use (Φ/m')
Section (11):
M = 2.93

Use (6 Φ13/m')

Check stress on soil extract (after design)

ㄱ Total stress on soil = total load / Area floor

ㄴ Total load = wt. of water + weight of wall + weight of floor +
weight of soil above floor
ㄱ Weight of water = 2319.525 (as before)
ㄴ Weight of wall = 229.695 (as before)
ㄷ Weight of floor =
R.C = 0.7 * 2.5 (22.6 * 50.6) = 2001.25
649.22
P.C = 0.25 * 2.2 (23.1 * 51.1) = 2650.48t

ㄹ Weight of soil (sand) (‫)فوق الرفرفة العادية‬

= 1.8 * 2.85 * 0.25 [ 22.6 * 2 + 50.6 * 2 ] = 187.76 t

total load 2319.55  229.695  2650.48  187

total stress on soil  
Area 23.1 * 51.1

 4.56t / m 2

γDF = 19 * 1.85 = 35.15 KN/m2 = 3.515 t/m'

Net stress on soil = total stress - γDF
= 4.56 – 3.515 = 1.045 t/m2 < qall O.K

19
 = 0.1045 Kg/m2
~ 0.11 Kg/m2

Check Settlement
Project ‫مشروع إنشاء حمام‬
Location
Strata
Depth (M) Description G.W.T
Legend Depth
1.00 1 Fill
2.00
Silty clay 2.00
3.00
3
4.00
Soft clay 3.6
5.00
5
6.00
Clayey silt
7.00
7
8.00 ~~~~~~
Peat
~~~~~~ 8
9.00 ~~~~~~
~~~~~~ 8.7 Organic clay
~~~~~~
10.00 ~~~~~~ 9.7 Medium stiff clay

11.00

12.00

13.00
Silty sand
14.00

20
 15.00
15.2
16.00
17.00
18.00 Clay sand
18.6
19.00

20.00 Dense sand

Soft clay:
h=2m
23.1 * 51.1
stress  P  0.11 *  0.102kg/cm2
(23.1  1.15)(51.1  1.15)

h
 0 .5 %
from chart h

0 .5
h  * 2  0.01m  1cm
100

Clay silt:
h = 2m
23.1 * 51.1
stress  P  0.11 *  0.1kg/cm2
(23.1  3.15)(51.1  3.15)

h
from chart  0.8%
h

0.8
h  * 2  0.016cm  1.6cm
100
For peat:
Organic clay
23.1 * 51.1
stress  P  0.11 *  0.08kg/cm2
(23.1  5.5)(51.1  5.5)

21
 ‫‪h‬‬
‫‪From chart:‬‬ ‫‪ 1 .2‬‬
‫‪h‬‬

‫‪1.2‬‬
‫‪h ‬‬ ‫‪* 0.7  8.4 *10 3  0.84cm‬‬
‫‪100‬‬

‫‪Total settlement = 1 + 1.6 + 0.08 = 2.68 …………….. O.K‬‬

‫)‪< 15 cm (raft‬‬

‫‪Dewatering‬‬

‫حيث أن أعلي مآنسوب للمآياه هو )‪ (2.000‬و مآنسوب التأسيس عند )‪ (2.85‬و حيث‬
‫أنه يلزم خفض المآياه إلي مآنسوب أوطي مآن مآنسوب التأسيس بمآا ل يقل عن )‪ (0.5m‬أي عند‬
‫مآنسوب )‪(3.35‬‬
‫‪Lowering = 3.35 – 2 = 1.35‬‬
‫و حيث أن التربة طين أو خليط مآن الطين و الطمآي و ارتفاع المآياه التي يتم تخفيضها‬
‫أقل مآن ‪ 3‬م‬
‫الي )‪ (system‬المآناسب في هذا المآوقع هو )‪(sup‬‬

‫‪Design‬‬

‫‪22‬‬
‫‪A = 53 * 25 = 1325 m2‬‬ ‫‪rw2  A‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪1325‬‬
‫‪rw ‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ 20.53m‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ 2‬‬
‫) ‪K ( H  hw‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪Q‬‬
‫‪R‬‬
‫) ‪Ln ( a‬‬
‫‪rw‬‬

‫‪K = 3* 10-6 m/sec‬‬

‫‪ ) + rw‬ارتفاع الاء عن عمحق التأسيس( ‪Ra = 7‬‬
‫‪= 7 (0.85) + 20.53 = 26.48‬‬
‫) ‪ 39 *10 6 (182  16.652‬‬
‫‪Q‬‬
‫‪Ln (26.48‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪20.53‬‬

‫) ارتفاع السحب للمحضخة( = ‪h‬‬ ‫‪1 + 0.5 * 2.85m = 4.35m‬‬

‫‪ w .Q.h‬‬ ‫‪1*1.7 *10 3 * 4.35 * 2‬‬
‫‪Hp ‬‬ ‫‪*2 ‬‬ ‫‪ 2.05 *10 4 H p‬‬
‫‪75‬‬ ‫‪75‬‬

‫و عليه يمآكن استخدام مآضخة نصف حصان‬ ‫‪ㄱ‬‬

‫‪Stability of slope‬‬

‫دراسة الميول الجانبية‬

‫‪23‬‬
 M.silly clay:
Φ=7
γ = 19 KN/m2
C = 40 KN/m2
B = 45
-ㄱ By using the mass stability method
C
m
 * H er

m = stability number
from chart:
Slope angle (B) = 45
get m = 0.125
Φ=7
40
0.125 
19 * H er

get Her = 16 m
H = 2.85 < Her = m ………….. O.K safe

24