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METHOD:
1. Label all the test tubes i.e. the Minute maid (Portugal), Minute maid (pulpy) and Coca
cola and the other known glucose concentrations from (2%-10%).
2. Use a syringe to place 10mls of glucose solution from (2%-10%) into their respective test
tubes and 10mls of Minute maid (Portugal), Minute maid (pulpy) and Coca cola in
separate test tubes and add 5ml of 1M Sulphuric acid into each solution.
3. Using a syringe add 2ml of 0.1M potassium permanganate into the test tube with the
Minute maid (pulpy), (No distilled water) start the stop watch immediately and record the
time in seconds taken for the first colour change observed.
4. Repeat step 3 for the Minute maid (Portugal), Coca cola and the known glucose
concentrations from (2%-10%) tabulate all readings obtained (the colour change may be
different).
5. Plot a graph of time taken for colour change(s), against known glucose concentration
(%).
EXPECTED RESULTS:
TABLE1: SHOWING THE RATE OF THE GLUCOSE SOLUTION WITH ADDED
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE TO CHANGE COLOUR.
Concentration of glucose solution (%) Time taken for colour change (seconds ± 0.005)
2
10
12
The rate of the glucose solution with added potassium permanganate to change
colour
1200
Time Taken for colour change (seconds)
1000
800
600
Expon. (time taken to
decolourise (seconds +/- 0.005))
400
200
0
0 5 10 15
Concentration of Glucose Solution (%)
(Nicholas Shandev Sanjay Sachelle Vj)
VARIABLES:
Manipulated variable:
Types of drink .i.e. Minute maid (Pulpy) Minute maid (Portugal) and Coca cola.
Also the concentration of the known glucose solutions (0%-12%).
Controlled variable:
Same syringes for the solutions.
Volume of the different solutions (10mL, 5mL and 2mL).
Temperature of boiling tube and solution (all solutions were equilibrated at room
temperature).
Responding variable:
The time it took for the potassium permanganate solution to change colour.
Colour change of glucose solution and drinks
PRECAUTIONS:
When using the syringe to extract the solution, ensure that no bubbles are present as this
can affect the volume of the solution.
Ensure that the glucose solutions are not kept open for long or left standing when made,
to reduce chances of oxidation.
ASSUMPTIONS:
Assumed that the time taken for decolourisation of KMnO4 with the minute maid and
coca cola solutions, the reaction is partially visible and all the KMnO4 reacted.
The higher the glucose concentration the higher the electrons donated and the faster the
reaction.
LIMITATIONS:
Uncertainty with the exact amount of each solution in the boiling tubes because of
syringes.
Glucose can be easily oxidised on exposure to air.
IMPROVEMENTS:
Use a freshly-prepared glucose solution to avoid using oxidized glucose or Glucose
stored in airtight container can also be used.
Use syringes with smaller uncertainty
Repeat the experiment a few more times to get more accurate results if possible.
REFLECION