Trip Distribution of Commercial Vehicle: -

A Case Study For RAJKOT CITY

By Under graduate students at MEFGI

Sahil S. Mehta, Meet D. Pansuria, Vivek S. Savaliya, Montu B. Detroja

Abstract: Urban transportation planning is a process which consists of Trip generation, Trip
distribution, Mode choice, Route assignment. Trip generation is the first stage in the
convectional four-step transportation forecasting process. Trip distribution is derived from trip
generation data. Trip distribution is the second stage in the traditional four-step transportation
forecasting model. Different methods were adopted or utilized in collection of trip distribution
data in past. In this project, by adoption of different types of surveys for commercial vehicles
was carried out for trip distribution for Rajkot city. The reason behind choosing the Rajkot city
is due to it's place in 22nd world's fastest growing city & 28th urban agglomeration in India.

Introduction: Transportation occupies a high place in modern life. Advancement in all spheres
of life has been to a large extent influence by transportation. Transport planning is a science
that seeks to study the problems that arise in providing transportation facilities in an urban,
regional, or national setting and to prepare a systematic basis for planning such facilities. Since
the developed countries where this science has evolved are mainly urban-oriented the emphasis
is more on urban transport planning. However, the principles of urban transport planning can
be applied to regional or national transport planning as well with due changes wherever called
for.

Though motor vehicles have revolutionized our life and brought comfort, pleasure and
convenience, they have created problems of congestion, lack of safety and degeneration of the
environment. The situation has already become unmanageable in many towns and cities. To
understand the nature of these problems and formulate proposals for the safe and efficient
movement of goods & people from one place to another is the subject of transport planning.
There are four various stages of transport planning model:

TRANSPORT PLANNING PROCESS

TRIP TRIP TRAFFIC MODAL

GENERATION DISTRIBUTION ASSIGNMENT
SPILT

Flow Chart Of Transport Planning Process

Definition:
1. Trip Generation: The first phase of transportation planning process deals with surveys,
data collection and inventory. The next phase is the analysis of the data so collected
and building models to describe the mathematical relationship that can be discerned in
the trip-making behaviour. The analysis and model building phase starts with the step
commonly known as Trip Generation.

Trip generation is a general term used in the transportation planning process to cover
the field of calculating the numbers of trip ends in a given area.

2. Trip Distribution: After having obtained an estimate of the trips generated from and
attracted to the various zones, it is necessary to determine the direction of travel. The
numbers of trips generated in every zones of the area under study has to be apportioned
to the various zones to which these trips are attracted.

3. Traffic assignment: Traffic assignment is the stage in the transport planning process
where in the trip interchanges are allocated to different parts of the network forming
the transportation system.
 In this stage,

(1) The route to be travelled is determined and

(2) The inter-zonal flows are assigned to the selected routes.

4. Modal split: Modal spilt is the process of separating person-trips by the mode of travel.
It is usually expressed as a fraction, ratio or percentage of the total number of trips. In
general, modal spilt refers to the trips made by private car as opposed to the public
transport (road or rail).

5. Study area: The area for which transportation facilities are being planned is first of all
defined, is known as study area.

Need of Study: Owing to the steady growth of industrialization, there has been a steep
rise in the traffic load on the highways and in the central business districts in Rajkot.
The current government is trying to come up with truck terminals in Rajkot for some
time to address a number of ever growing issues especially in and around the central
business districts and along the major highways. The aim has to reduce the congestion,
pollution, damage to roads and accidents on the city roads and the highways. This case
study will explore the possible models to determine capacities of such terminals and to
address the different needs.

Methodology:

The survey was conducted during term period and it was not necessary for the entire
day, depending on proper lighting, weather and safety conditions. A detailed literature
review was also important approach to assembling data for this report. There are
various methods available for collecting data. Such as,

(1) Mailout-Mailback method

(2) Roadside Interview method

(3) Combined Telephone Mailout-Mailback method

(4) Telephone Interview method

 Among from these methods, Road side interview method is taken for survey. The data
collection included company’s profile, trip origin & destination information, number of
trip generate between O&D. The location for survey is RUDA (Rajkot Urban Transport
Area) & IOC (Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.).

Aim of study:

 To identify the problem and give reasonable and feasible solutions to improve parking
problem, traffic congestion etc.

 To propose a truck terminal for Rajkot city to overcome traffic congestion.

Objectives of study:

 The study was to generate data and information concerning commercial vehicles trip
generation & trip distribution.

 Propose a Truck terminal where truck’s parking, loading-unloading etc. are possible for
Rajkot city.

Sr.
Title of paper Author Year Major contribution
No
1 Restructuring the Faculty Contributor: 2010 Locations have been identified in
truck terminal S.Nayana Tara, Professor this article which will be served
infrastructure in Student Contributors : well by a new truck terminal. A
Karnataka Mitranjan Bhaduri, model based on queuing theory
Nithin Chandra G.S., has also been proposed to
Nishant Kumar Ojha and determine the capacities of the
Debashish Sadangi truck terminals. Going forward,
these terminals are expected to
solve the traffic related problems
in Karnataka. However, the
success of these terminals is
critically dependent on
government policies and
incentives.
2 NCHRP Synthesis Kuzmyak 2008 For trip generation method
report 384 vehicle type, origin and
destination and nature of stops
are required.

3 Truck Trip Data Jessup, Casavant and 2004 It identified the related data
Collection Lawson application, costs, advantages
Methods and disadvantages of four survey
(SPR 343) method.

4 Strategic Freight Casavant and Jessup Spring, This assignment allowed for very
Transportation 2003 detailed and accurate analysis
Analysis (SFTA) between any attributes from the
survey data to anything that has a
geographical property.

5 Truck trip Fischer, Michael J. and 2001 It provides a very recent and
generation data : A Han Myong through review of truck trip
synthesis of generation studies throughout
highway practice U.S
NCHRP synthesis
298

6 Truck Travel Samuel W. Lau Januar Commissioned to help evaluate

Surveys : y,1995 the need for truck planning &
A review of forecasting tools and to report the
literature different surveys experiences by
& state of the art MPOs.

Table 1. Literature review

Why to choose Rajkot city?

Rajkot is legendary for its jewelry market, silk embroidery and watch components. The
town hosts many little scale producing industries. a number of the commercial product that
Rajkot is thought include bearings, diesel engines, kitchen knives and different cutting
appliances, watch components (cases & bracelets), automotive components, formation
business, casting business, machine tools, share market and software system development. The
city is additionally home to a number of the biggest CNC machine and automobile components
makers within the country like Jyoti CNC Automation Ltd. & Manpower CNC Machines Pvt.
Ltd. and Atul automotive vehicle Ltd.

Rajkot is accepted throughout the globe for its casting and shaping industries.[citation
needed] Over the previous couple of years, it's began to play an progressively necessary role
within the advanced provide chains of the many international engineering firms that build
product like electrical motors, vehicles, machine tools, bearings, shafts etc.

There are concerning 500 factory units in Rajkot. The cluster came up principally to
cater to the casting necessities of the native diesel engine trade. The geographical unfold of the
cluster includes Aji Vasahat, Gondal Road, Bhavanagar Road areas, Shapar, Veraval and
Metoda. The bulk of manufacturing plant units in Rajkot manufacture grey iron castings for
the domestic market. A awfully little proportion (about 2%) of the manufacturing plant units
export castings like electric motor castings, automobile castings etc. There are some major gear
manufacturing companies in Rajkot like, Mahindra Gears, Synnova Gears and Transmission
Pvt. Ltd. etc. Rajkot is also popular for its gold purity and has one of the bigger gold markets
in India.

Rajkot is additionally growing up in software system Industries and Its. There are
several SOHO companies operating in web Development together with several new
international call centers and software system companies putting in their operations and
development centers in Rajkot.

Rajkot's sister town Morbi is additionally a manufacturing hub for ceramics business,
wall clocks business and electrical accessories. The town may be a home to massive industries
like Ajanta Clock, ORPAT group, Samay group, Sonera Industries, Rickon Quartz etc.

In the close to future, the govt. of Gujarat will allot large land areas for the event of
Special Economic Zone which can be compound in 3 completely different areas and can
embody industries like software system, Auto-Mobiles, etc. As per recent market reviews,
Rajkot is turning into Asia's biggest Auto-Mobile Zone. Rajkot is also known for its textile
printing units which produce and print silk sarees, cotton salwar suits.

Rajkot is additionally home to a number of India's leading snacks makers like Balaji
Wafers Pvt. Ltd, Gopal Snacks Pvt. Ltd and is home to one of India's leading share broker
Marwadi Shares & Finance Ltd.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
 Data collection & Analysis:
The name of transport companies where we visited are as under:

 V-Trans

 V-Express

 Jamnagar Transport

 Lalji Mulji Transport co.

 IOC (Indian Oil Corporation)

 VRL Logistics limited

 Himalaya Logistics

 Lalji Mulji Transport Co.

Sr. no. Name of state No. of trucks (Incoming) No. of trucks (Outgoing)

1. Gujarat (Ahm. Baroda, 8 (D) 4 (D)

Surat, etc.)

2. Maharashtra 10 (D) 5 (D)

3. Karnataka 3 (D) 3 (D)

4. North Delhi 15 (D) 6 (D)

Table 2. Data collection on daily bases

Sr. no. Name of state No. of trucks (Incoming) No. of trucks (Outgoing)

1. Gujarat (Ahm. Baroda, 30 (W) 25 (W)

Surat, etc.)

2. Maharashtra 65 (W) 30 (W)

3. Karnataka 20 (W) 18 (W)

4. North Delhi 50 (W) 32 W)

Table 3. Data collection on weekly bases

 VRL Logistics Ltd.

Sr. no. Name of city No. of trucks (Incoming) No. of trucks (Outgoing)

1. Ahmedabad 2 (D) 3 (D)

2. Bangalore - 1 (D)

3. Hyderabad - -

4. Kerala 2 (D) 1 (D)

Table 4. Data collection on daily bases

Sr. no. Name of city No. of trucks (Incoming) No. of trucks (Outgoing)

1. Ahmedabad 12 (W) 20 (W)

2. Bangalore 02 (W) 07 (W)

3. Hyderabad 02 (W) -

4. Kerala 13 (W) 08 (W)

Table 5. Data collection on weekly bases

 Jamnagar Transport Service.

Sr. no. Name of city No. of trucks (Incoming) No. of trucks (Outgoing)

1. Ahmedabad 9 (D) 6 (D)

2. Baroda 1 (D) 2 (D)

3. Surat 2 (D) 3 (D)

4. Jamnagar 2 (D) 2 (D)

5. Ankleshwar 1 (D) 1 (D)

6. Nadiad 1 (D) 1 (D)

Table 6. Data collection on daily bases

Sr. no. Name of city No. of trucks (Incoming) No. of trucks (Outgoing)

1. Ahmedabad 60 (W) 40 (W)

2. Baroda 07 (W) 15 (W)

3. Surat 14 (W) 20 (W)

4. Jamnagar 12 (W) 14 (W)

5. Ankleshwar 06 (W) 07 (W)

6. Nadiad 08 (W) 05 (W)

Table 7. Data collection on weekly bases

 Data Analysis:

Analysis of collected data are calculated by following formulas:

𝐍𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐝𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐲 𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬

1. Hourly 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬 =
𝐍𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬 (𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐝𝐚𝐲)

𝐍𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐰𝐞𝐞𝐤𝐥𝐲 𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬

2. Hourly 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬 =
𝐍𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬(𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐰𝐞𝐞𝐤)

𝐍𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐡𝐥𝐲 𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬

3. Hourly 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬 =
𝐍𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬(𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐡)

Reference: Transport planning & Traffic engineering by Dr. L. R. Kadiyali

e. g. Lalji Mulji Transport Co.

𝟓𝟒
(Daily) 𝐇𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬 = = 5 vehicles/hour
𝟏𝟐

𝟐𝟕𝟎
(Weekly) 𝐇𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐩𝐬 = = 4 vehicles/hour
𝟕𝟐
Chart 1. Analysis of collected data from Indian Oil Corporation
(Analysis based on proposed survey method)
Chart 2. Analysis of collected data from Indian Oil Corporation
(Analysis based on proposed survey method)
 Reasons for designing new truck terminal for RAJKOT city:
Chart 3. Analysis of collected data from Indian Oil Corporation
(Analysis based on proposed survey method)
 Transport nagar Planning of terminal design

There is no ideal parking space for truck. There will ideal parking space for
truck.
e.g. 60-65 sq. ft.
e.g. 80 sq. ft.
Trucks are not stay at terminal for long Trucks will stay at terminal for long
period. period.

Service & maintenance facilities are not Service & good maintenance facilities
available. will be available.

Dormitory facility is not available at Dormitory facility will available at

there. there.

Traffic problem is also arise Due to Traffic problem will solve by this
improper planning. terminal design.

Figure 1 Figure 2
 Proposed criteria for ideal truck terminal:

Each truck will generally require about 80Sq ft of idle parking area. The
Idle parking space parking area should be well marked and numbered for better idle park
management.
About 125 Sq. ft. per bed(including land required for other facilities that
Dormitory
should be provided within the dormitory)
Sanitary Facility Toilets, bathrooms, washing and drinking water
Creating a hub of transport operators within the truck terminal compound
Transport encourages consolidation. Also the building must be created uniformly by
Operators Office the truck terminal so that there is efficient usage of space and for enabling
better management of the terminal
Cross Docking/ The space requirement for this yard can be calculated based on the
Bulk Breaking methodology described in the section on determination of the capacity of
Yard truck terminal.
Restaurant and
To serve clean and hygienic food and provide basic articles of general use.
Retail shop
A health care facility to care for general health of the truckers as well as to
Medical Facility create awareness about diseases such as viral infection, dengue etc that the
truck drivers are more prone to.
To help the transport operators to carry out financial operations within the
Banking Facility
truck terminal.
Office for the Personnel involved in idle parking management and other activities
maintenance staff related to maintenance of the terminal.

Weigh Bridge Provide if necessary.

Service Station To provide satisfactory service to commercial vehicles.

Fuel Pump Provide if necessary.

Post Boxes &

public telephone Provide if necessary.
booths
Table 8. Design Criteria For Ideal Truck terminal
 References:

 NCHRP Synthesis Report 384.

 Restructuring the truck terminal infrastructure in KARNATAKA.
(http//indiatransportportal.comtruck-terminals-13665)
 Strategic Freight Transportation Analysis (SFTA)
 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING and TRANSPORT PLANNING by Dr. L.R.Kadiyali
 Truck Travel Surveys: A review of literature & state of the art

 Truck Trip Data Collection Methods (SPR 343)

 Truck Trip generation data: A synthesis of highway practice NCHRP synthesis 298.