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BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
10025-1:2004

Hot rolled products of

structural steels —
Part 1: General technical delivery
conditions
The European Standard EN 10025-1:2004 has the status of a
British Standard
ICS 77.140.10; 77.140.50
___________ _________________________________________________
Copyright British Standards Institution
Reproduced by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
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BS EN 10025-1:2004
This British Standard was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee
on 17 November 2004
© BSI 17 November 2004
ISBN 0 580 44778 2

National foreword
This British Standard is the official English language version
of EN 10025-1:2004. BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-2:2004
supersedes BS EN 10025:1993 , which is withdrawn.
BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-3:2004 and
BS EN 10025-4:2004 supersedes BS EN 10113-1:1993, which is withdrawn.
BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-3:2004 supersedes
BS EN 10113-2:1993, which is withdrawn.
BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-4:2004 supersedes
BS EN 10113-3:1993, which is withdrawn.
BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-6:2004 supersedes
BS EN 10137-1:1996, which is withdrawn.
BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-6:2004 supersedes
BS EN 10137-2:1996, which is withdrawn.
BS EN 10025-1:2004 together with BS EN 10025-5:2004 supersedes
BS EN 10155:1993, which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
ISE/12, Structural steels, which has the responsibility to:
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European
publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or
by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of
British Standards Online.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
— aid enquirers to understand the text;
— present to the responsible international/European committee any
enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the
UK interests informed;
— monitor related international and European developments and
promulgate them in the UK.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 33 and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Comments
Copyright British Standards Institution
Reproduced by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 10025-1
November 2004
ICS 77.140.10; 77.140.50 Supersedes EN 10025:1990, EN 10113-1:1993, EN
10113-2:1993, EN 10113-3:1993, EN 10137-1:1995, EN
10137-2:1995
English version
Hot rolled products of structural steels - Part 1: General
technical delivery conditions
Produits laminés à chaud en aciers de construction - Partie
1: Conditions générales techniques de livraison
Warmgewalzte Erzeugnisse aus Baustählen - Teil 1:
Allgemeine technische Lieferbedingungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as
the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France,
 Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN

Weldability
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The weldability, also known as joinability,[1] of a material refers to its ability to be welded.
Many metals and thermoplastics can be welded, but some are easier to weld than others
(see Rheological weldability). A material's weldability is used to determine the welding process
and to compare the final weld quality to other materials.
Weldability is often hard to define quantitatively, so most standards define it qualitatively. For
instance the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) defines weldability in ISO
standard 581-1980 as: "Metallic material is considered to be susceptible to welding to an
established extent with given processes and for given purposes when welding provides metal
integrity by a corresponding technological process for welded parts to meet technical
requirements as to their own qualities as well as to their influence on a structure they form."
Other welding organizations define it similarly.[2]

Contents

 1Steels
o 1.1Hydrogen-induced cold cracking
o 1.2Lamellar tearing
o 1.3Spot-weld peeling
 2Aluminium
 3Process factors
 4See also
 5References
 6Bibliography

Steels[edit]
For steel there are three major failure modes by which weldability can be measured: hydrogen-
induced cold cracking, lamellar tearing, and spot-weld peeling. The most prominent of these is
hydrogen induced cold cracking.[3]
Hydrogen-induced cold cracking[edit]
The weldability of steel, with regard to hydrogen-induced cold cracking, is inversely proportional
to the hardenability of the steel, which measures the ease of forming martensiteduring heat
treatment. The hardenability of steel depends on its chemical composition, with greater quantities
of carbon and other alloying elements resulting in a higher hardenability and thus a lower
weldability. In order to be able to judge alloys made up of many distinct materials, a measure
known as the equivalent carbon content is used to compare the relative weldabilities of different
alloys by comparing their properties to a plain carbon steel. The effect on weldability of elements
like chromium and vanadium, while not as great as carbon, is more significant than that
of copper and nickel, for example. As the equivalent carbon content rises, the weldability of the
alloy decreases.[4]
High-strength low-alloy steels (HSLA) were developed especially for welding applications during
the 1970s, and these generally easy to weld materials have good strength, making them ideal for
many welding applications.[5]
Stainless steels, because of their high chromium content, tend to behave differently with respect
to weldability than other steels. Austenitic grades of stainless steels tend to be the most
weldable, but they are especially susceptible to distortion due to their high coefficient of thermal
expansion. Some alloys of this type are prone to cracking and reduced corrosion resistance as
well. Hot cracking is possible if the amount of ferrite in the weld is not controlled—to alleviate the
problem, an electrode is used that deposits a weld metal containing a small amount of ferrite.
Other types of stainless steels, such as ferritic and martensitic stainless steels, are not as easily
welded, and must often be preheated and welded with special electrodes.[6]
Lamellar tearing[edit]
Main article: Lamellar tearing
Lamellar tearing is a type of failure mode that only occurs in rolled steel products that has been
virtually eliminated with cleaner steels.
Spot-weld peeling[edit]
The excessive hardenability that can occur when spot welding HSLA steel can be an issue.
The equivalent carbon content can be used as a parameter to evaluate the propensity for
failure.[3]

Aluminium[edit]
The weldability of aluminium alloys varies significantly, depending on the chemical composition
of the alloy used. Aluminium alloys are susceptible to hot cracking, and to combat the problem,
welders increase the welding speed to lower the heat input. Preheating reduces the temperature
gradient across the weld zone and thus helps reduce hot cracking, but it can reduce the
mechanical properties of the base material and should not be used when the base material is
restrained. The design of the joint can be changed as well, and a more compatible filler alloy can
be selected to decrease the likelihood of hot cracking. Aluminium alloys should also be cleaned
prior to welding, with the goal of removing all oxides, oils, and loose particles from the surface to
be welded. This is especially important because of an aluminium weld's susceptibility to porosity
due to hydrogen and dross due to oxygen.[7]

Process factors[edit]
While weldability can be generally defined for various materials, some weldin