 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٢٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ، 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 


‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،Eon/offFL ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،،‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ٪٩٥‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W E١
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 EKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Allen bradelly‫א‬ modicon 
،1.1K١٩٦٩‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ allen bradelly, general electric, siemens ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Mitsubishi, ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Toshiba, Omron
 

 
 
 E١ J١F
programmable FPCPLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬Econtroller
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬PC‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  E٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،EtimingF،EsequenceF،ElogicF
 ‫א‬‫א‬،EarithmeticF،EcountingF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
،‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‰

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‰

‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬WF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‰

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
 EsoftwareFEhardwareF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEhardwareF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EhardwareF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬E١ J٢F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬

 

‫א‬

 
 E١ J٢)
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
ECPUF‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EMicroprocessorF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
 K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K?٠??١?‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫؟‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 E‫؟‬F‫א‬
 E‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 W
 S Q0.2W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EresetF‫א‬‫א‬EsettingF‫א‬W‫א‬
 EMEMORYF‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬WERead Only Memory ) ROM  J
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WERAM (Random Access Memory  J
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEPROM(Programmable Read Only Memory  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
:(Eraseable PROM) EPROM ƒ
E ‫א‬FKROM‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
WEEEPROM (Electrically Eraseable PROM ƒ
،EPROM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬RAM ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
   ‫א‬ RAM
 ‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬ ROM
    ‫א‬ PROM
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
  EPROM
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
    EEPROM
 ‫א‬
 
 EINPUT/OUTPUTF‫א‬L‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EKKK، ،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EKK،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EPOWER SUPPLYF‫א‬  J

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬+/- 15V DC ‫ و‬5V DC ،‫א‬
‫א‬E5VF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .( mA)
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EPROGRAMMING DEVICEF‫א‬ J
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
  E٦
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 ‫א‬  J
 ‫ א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬  J
 ‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫ א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
K‫א‬  J
 K  J
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
 Kac  J
 Kac  J
 dc   J
 dc  J
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 EFEF‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٧
‫ א‬ J
 ‫ א‬ J
 ‫ א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬  J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٨
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬  J
K
 ‫א‬  J
 
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 ‫ א‬ J

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، E٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 K‫א‬  J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K E٤
 K‫א‬  J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥
 dc   J
 ‫א‬‫א‬E٦
 K  J

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧
‫ א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨
K‫א‬‫א‬  J

- ١١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬

٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬ J‫א‬ J‫א‬ J -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ‫א‬
 ٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
WK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Analog Signal ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K ،‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 

- ١٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Digital signal‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

E
 ‫א‬F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬F
 K
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W

 
٢{١
Binary signal‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEOn-OffF J  J 0-1W
 
 KEBitF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٢{٢F‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٢{٢

Internal Relay (Flags)E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٣

internal relay‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬Fflags‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Program scan ‫א‬‫א‬ E٤

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Program Scan‫א‬
 KE٢{٣F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 
٢{٣
‫ א‬E٥

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬W ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ƒ
١‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬٠
‫א‬٠١‫א‬W ƒ
 ‫א‬W ƒ

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 ‫א‬WPotentiometer‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬WDifferential transformer‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫ א‬E٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬FF‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(٧
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
 ‫א‬K  J
   J
 ‫א‬  J
   J
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 ‫א‬1
 ‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
 EpotentiometerF‫א‬‫א‬1
 Edifferential transformerF‫א‬‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ E٦
 W
 1
 ‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 W‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١
 K‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
   J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 W‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 ‫א‬1
 ‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J

- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
 EpotentiometerF‫א‬‫א‬1
 Edifferential transformerF‫א‬‫א‬2
 E2FE1F J
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ E٦
 W
 1
 ‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 J J JF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 E‫א‬ J J
 ٪٩٥‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ESequentialF‫א‬ECombinationalF‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ JI
  E١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
‫א‬{‫א‬KKKK}W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬{F
 BA ‫א‬}‫א‬
 W
  ‫א‬‫א‬F=A . B
  

‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
A B F
 ٠  ٠  ٠
‫א‬  ٠  ١  ٠
 ١  ٠  ٠
 ١  ١  ١
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
A،‫א‬‫א‬EBinaryFE‫א‬
‫א‬،E0 ( A=0E1 ( A=1AK٠١
 K01= A

- ٢٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K L ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
AND‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬W ƒ

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫ƒ א‬

F=A . BBA‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 ‫א‬‫א‬ANDEFEKF‫א‬

 F‫א‬BAW‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

A B F
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
‫א‬

- ٢٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫ƒ א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫ א‬o

‫א‬ •

OR‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 E١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F‫א‬W ƒ

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫ƒ א‬

 F=A + BBA‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 ‫א‬‫א‬OREFEHF‫א‬

- ٢٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

F‫א‬BAW ƒ

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

A B F
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫ א‬o

 

- ٢٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ •

 
NOT‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 E0F‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬W ƒ

 E1F‫א‬E0F‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

F=ĀA‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E JF‫א‬

F‫א‬AW ƒ

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 
A F
0 1
1 0
 ‫א‬
 

- ٢٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ •

 
NAND‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 E0F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬W ƒ

 NOT AND‫א‬NAND‫א‬

F = A.B BA‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

- ٢٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

A B F
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •

- ٢٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ •

 

NOR‫א‬‫א‬ J
 E٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F‫א‬W ƒ

 ORNOT‫א‬NOR‫א‬

F = A + B BA‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 
A B F
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0

 ‫א‬
 

- ٢٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬ •

- ٣٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫• א‬

XOR‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

،E٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F‫א‬W ƒ

 ‫א‬‫א‬

  F=A . B + B . A BA‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ

 
A B F
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
 ‫א‬
 

- ٣١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ƒ
 

 
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ •

- ٣٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 

  A+B=B+A  ١
A.B=B.A
 (A+B)+C=A+(B+C)  ٢
( A .B ) . C = A . ( B . C )
  A.(B+C)=A.B+A.C  ٣
A+(B.C)=(A+B).(A+C)
  A+A=A  ٤
A.A=A
0+A=A
  1.A=A  ٥
1+A=1
0.A=0
  Ā+A=1  ٦
Ā.A=0
A + B = A.B
  ٧
A.B = A + B
 
 ‫א‬‫ א‬ JII
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Flip-FlopE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ، ‫א‬،Bistable element‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،?1??0?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،?١??٠?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ?Q??Q??R??S?S-R
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W?S?‫א‬
- ٣٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W?R?‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W?Q?‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W? Q?‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
S R Qn Qn+1  ‫א‬
0 0 Qn+1 = Qn
0 0
1 1  ‫א‬
0 0 Qn+1 = 0
0 1
1 0 ‫א‬‫א‬
0 1 Qn+1 = 1
1 0
1 1  ‫א‬‫א‬
0 ‫؟‬
1 1 ‫א‬
1 ‫؟‬
 ‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬? ?EQF‫א‬?Qn? ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬??EQF‫א‬?Qn+1?‫א‬
RS‫א‬‫א‬ S-R‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ?Qn?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F?Qn+1 = Qn?
‫א‬?1??R??S ?‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EresetF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EsetF‫א‬



SR flip-flop  RS flip flop
Setting‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٣٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  JIII
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
X=A.B.(C.D+E.F)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

Y = A . (Ā + B )  J
Y =A + (Ā . B )  J
Y = AB +A B + (A+B ). -‫ ت‬A.B

 K‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ Ea
 ‫א‬ Eb
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Ec
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Ed
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Ec
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Ed
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Ee
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
Q1.2‫א‬،I1.2I1.1‫א‬
I1.3‫א‬KE F‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬  JIV
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
X=A.B.(C.D+E.F)
 ‫א‬
BA ??‫א‬‫א‬A . B‫א‬
CD ??‫א‬‫א‬C . D‫א‬
 FE ??‫א‬‫א‬E . F‫א‬
 E . FC . D ?‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬C . D + E . F‫א‬
 A . BC . D + E . F??‫א‬‫א‬X‫א‬

- ٣٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 Y = A (Ā + B )  J
Y =A Ā + AB
 AĀ = 0
Y = 0 + AB

 Y = AB‫א‬

Y = A + (Ā . B )  J


Y = (A +Ā) (A+B)
A+Ā=1 
Y = 1 (A+B) 
Y = A + B W‫א‬
 
A.B Y = AB +A B + (A+B )  J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A.B = A + B
(A+B) A.B = (A+B) ( A + B )
= A A + AB + AB + BB
= 0 + AB + AB + 0

Y = AB + A B + A B + A B W
AB + AB= AB
Y= AB + A B + A B
Y = A ( B + B ) + AB
B+ B = 1 
Y = A + AB 
Y = (A+ A ) ( A+B)
A + A= 1 
Y = A+B ‫א‬
- ٣٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F = ( A. B ) ( A + C )

A B C A. B A+C F
٠ ٠ ٠  ٠  ٠ ٠
٠ ٠ ١  ٠  ١ ٠
٠ ١ ٠  ١  ٠ ٠K
٠ ١ ١  ١  ١ ١
١ ٠ ٠  ٠  ١ ٠
١ ٠ ١  ٠  ١ ٠
١ ١ ٠  ٠  ١ ٠
١ ١ ١  ٠  ١ ٠
 

- ٣٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬F
 ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  E١
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٩٨٠EIEC ( International Elechtrotechnical Commission
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬Ladder Diagram ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Statement list ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Function Block Diagram ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬structured text ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬Sequential function chart ƒ
 
‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EsiemensF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 E…,I1.7, …,I1.1,I1.0 , I.0.7……I0.1 , I0.0 ) I X.X‫א‬‫א‬
 EKKQ.0.7 – ,Q1.7,…, Q1.1, Q1.0…Q0.1, Q0.0 ) Q X.XW‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Q I
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬L‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Z١ I0.0 S1
S1

Z١ I0.1 S2

S2

‫א‬Z١ I1.4 B1

B1
١‫א‬‫א‬ Q1.2 Y1 Y1
 ‫א‬ E٣
‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
‫א‬K
 EOFFFEONF‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 Enormally openF  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 Enormally closeF
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ’

‫א‬‫א‬  J
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

- ٤٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

{}‫א‬

{}‫א‬

 

{}

{}

‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 IEC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

IEC Mitsubishi Omron Siemens Telemecanique ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬

‫א‬‫א‬
LD LD LD A A
 NO
‫א‬‫א‬
LDN LDI LD NOT AN LN
 NC

AND AND AND A A


ANDN ASNI  NOT AN AN

‫א‬
O OR OR 0 0

‫א‬
ORN ORI OR NOT ON ON


 ST  OUT OUT  =  =  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK،،،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫ א‬ J

‫א‬KBA‫א‬
 KBA‫א‬
 S2S1‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬W
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S1‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1
W‫א‬‫א‬ ’

I0.1 . I0.2 = Q0.1

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

A I0.1
A I0.2
 = Q0.1
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
‫א‬ ’

 

 

- ٤٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫ א‬ J

‫א‬KBA‫א‬
 KBA‫א‬
 S2S1‫א‬H‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S1‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

S1+ S2 = H

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

O S1
O S1
 = H
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

- ٤٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ’

 

‫א‬  J
‫א‬A‫א‬
 KA‫א‬
 ‫א‬S1H‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1 I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

I 01 = Q0.1
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
AN I0.1
  = Q0.1

- ٤٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 
‫א‬ ’

 

 
NAND‫ א‬ J
‫א‬B A‫א‬
 KBA‫א‬
 

 S2S1‫א‬H‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S1‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1
 

- ٤٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
+ I 01 I 0.2 = Q0.1 ‫أو‬ = Q0.1 I 0 .1 .I 0 .2
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

ON I0.1
ON I0.2
   = Q0.1
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 
‫א‬ ’

 

 
NOR ‫ א‬-‫ﻩ‬
‫א‬BA‫א‬
 KBA‫א‬
 S2S1‫א‬H‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S1‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1

- ٥٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

I 0.1 . I 0.2 = Q0.1 I 0.1 + I 0.2 = Q0.1

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

AN I0.1
AN I0.2
= Q0.1
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 
‫א‬ ’

 

 

- ٥١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

exclusive or‫א‬‫ א‬ J

‫א‬BA‫א‬
 KBA‫א‬
‫א‬S2S1‫א‬H ‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S1‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

I 0.1 .I0.2 + I0.1. I 0.2 = H

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

A I0.1
AN I0.2
O
AN I0.1
A I0.2
= Q0.1
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 

- ٥٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ’

 

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

‫א‬S1‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬S3S2
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S2‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.3 S2 S3
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

I0.1 . I0.2 + I0.1 . I0.3 = Q0.1 ‫ أو‬I0.1 . ( I0.2 + I0.3 ) = Q0.1

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

A I0.1 A I0.1
A I0.2 A(
O 0 I0.2

A I0.1 O I0.3
A I0.3 )
= Q0.1 = Q0.1
 

- ٥٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
‫א‬ ’

 

 
 
ORAND‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 . I0.2 + I0.3 . I0.4 = H1 I 01 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 9
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

AN I0.1
A I0.2
O
A I0.3
A I0.3
= Q0.1

- ٥٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 
‫א‬ ’

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

AN I0.1
A I0.2
= F0.1
A I0.3
A I0.4
= F0.2
O F0.1
O F0.2
= Q0.1

- ٥٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬ ’

 
I 0 .1 I 0 .2 F 0 .1

I 0 .3 I 0 .4 F 0 .2

F 0 .1 F 0 .2 Q 0 .1

.ANDOR‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
E + I0.4) . (I1.2 + I1.3) = Q1.2 I 0 .2 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 9

- ٥٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

A(
ON IO.2
O I0.4
)
A(
O I1.2
O I1.3
)
= Q1.2
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

‫א‬ ’

 

 

- ٥٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 9
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

ON I0.2
O I0.4
= F1.0
O I1.2
O I1.3
= F1.1
A F1.1
A F1.0
= Q1.2

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 ‫א‬ ’

 

- ٥٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Latching‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٦
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Latch circuit‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬H1‫א‬s2s1‫א‬
 KH2
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1 S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٠I0.2 I0.2 S2 S1‫א‬
١Q0.2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.2 H1 H1
١Q0.3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.3 H2 H2
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 M M
 

- ٥٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 M‫א‬
 
 
M‫א‬H1‫א‬
M‫א‬H2‫א‬

 
ELatchingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،M‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K H2‫א‬‫א‬
 H1‫א‬H2‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
،F1.0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬I1.1‫א‬
Q2.0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F1.0
 
- ٦٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
I1.0 F0.0 Q2.0

Q2.0

I0.2 F0.0

 
 
 
‫א‬Q2.0I1.0‫א‬
 KI1.0‫א‬Q2.0
‫א‬FF0.0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬I1.2
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Set and Reset‫א‬‫ א‬E٧

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KSR‫א‬‫א‬
 

،S2S1‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬KE F‫א‬‫א‬
S3
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.1  I0.1  S1 S1‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.2 I0.2 S2 S2‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١I0.3 I0.3 S3 S3‫א‬
١Q0.1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 H1 H1

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
O I1.1
O I1.2
S Q2.0
A I1.3
R Q2.0
‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
S
I 1 .2

I 1 .3 Q 2 .0
R
 

 ‫ א‬E٨
  J
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
On-delay timer :
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،  K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬Off-delay timer :
K
 ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬Pulse timer :
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬  J
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Esiemens simatic s7F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 WS_ODT
 ‫א‬WS_OFFDT
 ‫א‬WS_PULSE
  W
 

 

 

‫א‬

 ‫א‬


 T5WE‫א‬FE‫א‬FT‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 “ S5T# “‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 ٣٦{١٤٣W‫א‬
  S5T#1H3MIN36S140MS W
 WEsimatic s7F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬ ’

‫א‬ ‫א‬KEQ4.0F‫א‬EI0.0F‫א‬
 EI0.1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 W‫א‬ ’

‫א‬‫א‬KEQ0.1F‫א‬EI0.1F‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W ’

 KEQ0.2F‫א‬EI0.2F‫א‬
 

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٩
   J
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Down-counter :
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Up-counter :
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Esiemens simatic s7F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬WCU
 ‫א‬WCD

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 C5WE‫א‬‫א‬FE‫א‬FC‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬PV‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 “ C# “‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
C#3٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WS
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WR
‫א‬‫א‬WCU
 ‫א‬‫א‬WCD
 ‫א‬‫א‬Q‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q‫א‬
 WE simatic s7F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬٩٠١‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 
 
‫א‬K٩٠١C10‫א‬‫א‬I0.2‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
KE٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ I0.0‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١Q4.0‫א‬
K‫א‬C10‫א‬‫א‬١٠I0.3‫א‬
٩٠١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 
 
‫א‬K٩٠١C10‫א‬‫א‬I0.2‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
KE٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ I0.0‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١Q4.0‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬C10‫א‬‫א‬١٠I0.3‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
W٥٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ’

 

 
 
‫א‬K٥٥C10‫א‬‫א‬I0.2‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KE٩٩٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ I0.0‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ I0.1‫א‬
KE٠
 K‫א‬C10‫א‬‫א‬١٠I0.3‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١Q4.0‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  E٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫ א‬E١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1
 ‫א‬‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J

 E2FE1F  J

 E2FE1F  J

 
 E2FE1F  J
 
 W‫א‬‫ א‬E٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1
 ‫א‬‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J

 E2FE1F  J

 
 E2FE1F  J

 
 W‫א‬‫ א‬E٣
 ١‫א‬‫א‬1
 ٢‫א‬‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J

 E2FE1F  J

 
 E2FE1F  J


- ٧٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٤
 ٢١‫א‬1
 ٢١‫א‬2
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
 ٢١‫א‬1
 ٢١‫א‬2
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
 
 E2FE1F

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦
A I0.1
A I0.2
= Q0.1
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬1
 ‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J

 E2FE1F  J

 E2FE1F  J


- ٧٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧
A I0.1
O I0.2
= Q0.1
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬1
 ‫א‬2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٨
A I0.1
AN I0.2
= Q0.1
 ‫א‬
I0.2I0.1 1
 I0.2I0.1 2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٩
AN I0.1
AN I0.2
= Q0.1

- ٧٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 I0.2I0.1 1
I0.2I0.1 2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
E2FE1F  J
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E١٠
 1A1
 1B2
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
 E2FE1F  J
   E2FE1F  J

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E١١
١ A1
 ١ B2
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
 E2FE1F
   E2FE1F
 

- ٧٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E١٢
 ٠C ٠B،١ A1
 ١C ١B،٠ A2
 
 E2FE1F E٢٠
 E2FE1F E٢١
 E2FE1F E٢٢
   E2FE1F E٢٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E a, b, c, dF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٣

‫א‬

 
 

- ٧٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E a, b, c, dF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٤

‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E a, b, c, dF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٥

 
 I0.1 . I0.3 . I0.1= Q0.1  Ja
I0.1 +. I0.3 . I0.1= Q0.1  Jb
(I0.1 + I0.3) . I0.1= Q01.  Jc
I0.1 . I0.3 ) + I0.1=  Jd
EQ0.1
 

 

- ٧٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KW١‫ א‬E١٦
،S1‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Bo‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KY1‫א‬

 
 
 KW٢‫ א‬E١٧
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬B0, B1, B2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KY1‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٧٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬W٣‫ א‬E١٨
 K‫א‬‫א‬
E “ 0” S2F١‫א‬S2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬
 K‫א‬S1‫א‬
“ S2F٠‫א‬S2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬B‫א‬
 K‫א‬S1E1”
‫א‬B‫א‬،‫א‬Y1‫א‬A‫א‬
 K‫א‬Y2

 
 
 W‫א‬
E١
 E2FE1F  J
E٢
 E2FE1F  J
E٣
 E2FE1F  J
E٤
 E2FE1F  J
E٥
E2FE1F  J

- ٧٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
E٦
 E2FE1F  J
E٧
 E2FE1F  J
E٨
E2FE1F  J
E٩
 E2FE1F  J
E١٠
 E2FE1F  J 
E١١
 E2FE1F  J
E١٢
E2FE1F  J
E١٣
 E2FE1F  J
E١٤
 E2FE1F  J
E١٥
 
KW١‫ א‬E١٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

- ٨٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 A I0.1
A ( 
OI0.2
OI0.2
F
= Q0.1
 
 
 KW٢‫ א‬E١٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

- ٨١ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
A I0.1
A I0.2
AN I0.3
 O
A I0.1
AN I0.2
 A I0.3
O
AN I0.1
A I0.2
 A I0.3
= Q0.1
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٣‫ א‬E١٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 

- ٨٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
A I0.1
AN I0.2
= Q0.1
A I0.1
A I0.2
= Q0.2

- ٨٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٥
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 L‫א‬ -
 ٪٩٥‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  E١
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E

 
 W
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 B A،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬ ƒ
CBA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 EKKKK،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬FB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬ ƒ

- ٨٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WA‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WESTOREFS
 WNOT STOREFNS
 WEDELAYFD
 WSD
 WNSD
 WT
 WST
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬

 

- ٨٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
   J
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 K‫א‬rn‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬r،n‫א‬

 
‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬

 

- ٨٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬  J
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬n-1 ‫א‬‫א‬
n‫א‬
n‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬n-1‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 W‫א‬  J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W  J
 ‫א‬‫א‬،S1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KH‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 Y1
 ‫א‬

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 

- ٩٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
AN F1
A I  ‫א‬‫א‬
S F1
S Q1

A F1
AN F2
 ‫א‬‫א‬
A I
S F2
S Q
A F2
AN F3
A I
 ‫א‬‫א‬
S F3
S Q
.
.

A Fn-2
AN Fn-1
A I
S Fn-1
n-1‫א‬
S Q
A Fn-1
A I
R Q
R F1
R F2
.
.
n‫א‬
.
R Fn-1

- ٩١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

   J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ n-1
 n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

   J
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،S1
 KY1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KH
‫א‬

 
 
 

- ٩٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

F0.1 AN ١ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮة‬
I0.1 A A+
I0.2 A
F0.1 S
Q0.1 S

F0.1 A
F0.2 AN
I0.3 A
F0.2 S
Q0.1 R ٣ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮة‬
A–
F0.2 A
I0.2 A
Q0.2 S
F0.1 R
0.2 R
٢ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮة‬
H+

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
flags‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
A+,A-, B+,B-, C+, C-‫א‬‫א‬ A, B, C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬٥‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 
 

- ٩٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬B0‫א‬‫א‬ E١F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬A‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KY2Y1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KB‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬B4B0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٢F

٦{١
 

 
٦{٢

- ٩٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KS1‫א‬‫א‬K
B‫א‬ ‫א‬،A‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 KC‫א‬‫א‬
C B ‫א‬‫א‬Y2Y1 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KY4Y3
 B5B0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
١‫א‬‫א‬٠‫א‬‫א‬KW
 K‫א‬K‫א‬
 KS1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬CB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KB5B0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KY2Y1BA‫א‬‫א‬
 KY4Y3C

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
B0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬B1B0‫א‬‫א‬B0 B1
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
B ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KB4B3
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Y1Y0‫א‬A ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Y2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ١ I0.0 B0  B0
 ‫א‬١  I0.1 B1  B1
 ‫א‬١ I0.2 B2  B2
 ‫א‬١ I0.3 B3  B3
 ‫א‬١ I0.4 B4  B4
 ١‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 Y1 Y1
 ١‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.2 Y2 Y2
 
 ‫א‬
 

- ١٠٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

F01 AN
I0.0 A
I0.1 A
I0.3 A  ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.1 S
Q0.1 S

F0.1 A
F02 AN
I0.2 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.2 S
Q0.2 S

F0.2 A
F0.3 AN
I0.4 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.3 S
Q0.1 R

F0.3 A
I0.1 A
F0.1 R
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F0.2 R
F0.3 R
Q0.2 R

- ١٠١ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

- ١٠٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬١ I0.6  S1 S1‫א‬
 ‫א‬١ I0.0 B0  B0
 ‫א‬١  I0.1 B1  B1
 ‫א‬١ I0.2 B2  B2
 ‫א‬١ I0.3 B3  B3
 ‫א‬١ I0.4 B4  B4
 ‫א‬١ I0.5 B5  B5
 ١‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.1 Y1 Y1
 ١‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.2 Y2 Y2
 ١‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.3 Y3 Y3
 ١‫א‬‫א‬ Q0.4 Y4 Y4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- ١٠٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 

- ١٠٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.1 AN
I0.6 A
I0.0 A
I0.2 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬
I0.4 A
Q0.2 R
Q0.1 S
F0.1 S
F0.1 A
F0.2 AN
I0.1 A  ‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.3 S
F0.2 S
F0.2 A
F0.3 AN
I0.3 A  ‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.3 R
F0.3 S
F0.3 A
F0.4 AN
I0.2 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.1 R
Q0.2 S
F0.4 S
F0.4 A
F0.5 AN
I0.0 A  ‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.4 S
F0.5 S
F0.5 A
I0.5 A
Q0.4 R
F0.1 R
F0.2 R  ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.3 R
F0.4 R
F0.5 R

- ١٠٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١٠٦ -
‫א‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫א‪ ‬‬
‫א‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫‪ ٢٢٢‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬

‫א‪‬א‪W‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬ ‫اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I1.1‬‬ ‫‪S1‬‬ ‫‪S1‬‬‫زر اﻧﻀﻐﺎﻃﻲ‬
‫إﺷﺎرة ‪ = ١‬ﻃﺮد ﻃﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫‪I1.2‬‬
‫‪S2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺗﻘﺎرب ‪S2‬‬
‫إﺷﺎرة ‪ = ٢‬ﻃﺮد ﻗﺼﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.0‬‬ ‫‪B0‬‬ ‫‪B0‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B1‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.1‬‬ ‫‪B1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.2‬‬ ‫‪B2‬‬ ‫‪B2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B3‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.3‬‬ ‫‪B3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B4‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.4‬‬ ‫‪B4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B5‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.5‬‬ ‫‪B5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫ﺧﺮوج آﺒﺎس اﻷﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪Q0.1‬‬ ‫‪Y1‬‬ ‫‪Y1‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬
‫ﺧﺮوج آﺒﺎس اﻷﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪Q0.2‬‬ ‫‪Y2‬‬ ‫‪Y2‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬
‫ﺧﺮوج آﺒﺎس اﻷﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪Q0.3‬‬ ‫‪Y3‬‬ ‫‪Y3‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬
‫ﻋﻮدة آﺒﺎس اﻷﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪Q0.4‬‬ ‫‪Y4‬‬ ‫‪Y4‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪- ١٠٧ -‬‬

‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 

- ١٠٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.1 AN
I1.1 A
I0.0 A
I0.2 A  ‫א‬‫א‬
I0.4 A
Q0.1 S
F0.1 S
F0.1 A
F0.2 AN
I0.1 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬
I1.2 AN
Q0.2 S
F0.2 S
F0.1 A
F0.2 AN
I0.1 A
I1.2 A  ‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.3 S
Q0.4 R
F0.2 S
F0.2 A
F0.3 AN
I0.3 A  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.2 R
F0.3 S
F0.2 A
F0.3 AN
I0.5 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.4 S
Q0.3 R
F0.3 S
F0.3 A
I0.2 A
I0.4 A
Q0.1 R  ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.1 R
F0.2 R
F0.3 R

- ١٠٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١١٠ -
‫א‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫א‪ ‬‬
‫א‪‬א‪‬‬ ‫‪ ٢٢٢‬‬ ‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬

‫א‪‬א‪‬א‪W‬א‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬א‪‬א‪‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬ ‫اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.0‬‬ ‫‪B0‬‬ ‫‪B0‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬

‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.1‬‬ ‫‪B1‬‬ ‫‪B1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬

‫‪B2‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.2‬‬ ‫‪B2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B3‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.3‬‬ ‫‪B3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B4‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.4‬‬ ‫‪B4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬
‫‪B5‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ ١‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫‪I0.5‬‬ ‫‪B5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺣﺪي‬

‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬ ‫‪Q0.0‬‬ ‫‪Y0‬‬ ‫‪Y0‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮدة ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬ ‫‪Q0.1‬‬ ‫‪Y1‬‬ ‫‪Y1‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻹﺷﺎرة ‪١‬‬ ‫‪Q0.2‬‬ ‫‪Y2‬‬ ‫‪Y2‬‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬

‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪- ١١١ -‬‬

‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 
 
 
 

- ١١٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
F0.1 AN
I0.0 A
I0.1 AN
Q0.1 R  ‫א‬‫א‬
F1.1 S
Q0.0 S
F0.1 S
F0.1 AN
I0.0 A
I0.1 A
Q0.1 R  ‫א‬‫א‬
F1.2 S
Q0.0 S
F0.1 S
F0.1 A
F0.2 AN
A(
F1.1 A
I0.3 A
O
F1.2 A
I0.4 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬
)
F1.1 R
F1.2 R
Q0.0 R
Q0.1 S
F0.2 S
F0.2 A
F0.3 AN
I0.5 A  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.2 S
F0.3 S
F0.2 A
F0.3 AN
I0.5 A
Q0.4 S
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Q0.3 R
F0.3 S
F0.3 A
I0.2 A
Q0.2 R
F0.1 R
 ‫א‬‫א‬
F0.2 R
F0.3 R

- ١١٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

- ١١٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬

١  I0.0  
‫א‬١
I0.1  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١
I0.2 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١
I0.3  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١
I0.4  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 A‫א‬‫א‬ 
٠.٢Q 1
١‫א‬  
 B‫א‬‫א‬ 
١.٢Q 2
 ١‫א‬  
 C‫א‬‫א‬ 
٢.٢Q 3
 ١‫א‬ 
 D‫א‬‫א‬ 
.3٢Q 4
 ١‫א‬  
 

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‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت‬
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ‬
HARDWARE ‫اﻷﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﻤﺎدﻳﺔ‬
SOFTWARE ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎت‬
CPU ‫وﺣﺪة اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ‬
MEMORY  ‫اﻟﺬاآﺮة‬

ROM :READ ONLY MEMORY  ‫ذاآﺮة ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة ﻓﻘﻂ‬

RAMWRANDOM ACCESS MEMORY  ‫ذاآﺮة ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة واﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬

PROM ‫ذاآﺮة ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة ﻓﻘﻂ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻹﻋﺎدة اﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ‬

INPUT/ OUTPUT  ‫اﻟﺨﺮج‬/‫أﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬

POWER SUPPLY  ‫ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

PROGRAMMING DEVICE  ‫ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ‬

ANALOG SIGNAL  ‫اﻹﺷﺎرات ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬

DIGITAL SIGNAL  ‫اﻹﺷﺎرات اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬

BINARY SIGNAL ‫اﻹﺷﺎرات اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

INTERNAL RELAY (FLAGS) (‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻼت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ )اﻹﺷﺎرات‬
PROGRAM SCAN ‫أﺳﻠﻮب ﻗﺮاءة وﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
SENSORS ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﺎت‬
POTENTIOMETER ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮة‬
DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMER ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﺮﻗﻲ‬
LADDER DIAGRAM  ‫اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺴﻠﻤﻲ‬

STATEMENT LIST ‫א‬‫א‬

- ١١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

FUNCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM  ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺼﻨﺪوق اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻲ‬

SEQUENTIAL FUNCTION CHART  ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻲ‬

NORMALLY OPEN ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺲ ﻣﻔﺘﻮح ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻌﺎدي‬

NORMALLY CLOSE ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺲ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻌﺎدي‬

EXCLUSIVE OR  ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ أو اﻟﻤﻨﻔﺮدة‬

LATCHING  ‫اﻹﻣﺴﺎك اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ‬

SET AND RESET  ‫א‬‫א‬

ON-DELAY TIMER  

OFF-DELAY TIMER  ‫א‬

PULSE TIMER  ‫א‬

DOWN-COUNTER  ‫א‬‫א‬

Up-counter ‫اﻟﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪي‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Programmable Logic Controllers an introduction, W.Bolton, Newnes

Programmable Logic Controller and their application, A.J.Crispin, McGraw-Hill

Programmable Controllers an Engineer’s guide, E.A Parr, Newnes

Programmable Controllers operation and application, I.G.Warnock

Programmable Logic ControllersFesto didactic

- ١١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬                      ‫א‬
 ١     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W١‫א‬
 ٣          E١
 ٥          E٢
 ٥       ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
٦      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
 ٦    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
٨       ‫א‬‫א‬  J
٩        ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
١٠       ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
١١         ‫א‬  J
١١         ‫א‬  J
١١          J

١٥    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ W٢‫א‬

١٧          E١
١٧         ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
١٩         ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٣
١٩      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
٢٠          ‫ א‬E٥
٢١        ‫ א‬E٦
٢٢          E٧

 ٢٦        ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬W٣‫א‬

 ٢٨         ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬EI
 ٢٨         E١
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٢٨       ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٢

٢٩         ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
٣١         ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
٣٢       ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
٣٤       ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
٣٥       ‫א‬‫א‬ J
٣٧      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ٣٩        ‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
٣٩         ‫א‬‫ א‬E٤
٤١          E٥
 
 ٤٥        ‫ א‬W٤‫א‬
٤٧          E١
 ٤٧        ‫א‬‫א‬ E٢
 ٤٨        ‫א‬ E٣
٤٨         ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 ٤٩      ‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 ٥٠        ‫א‬‫א‬  J

٥١     ‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٤
٥٢        ‫ א‬ J
٥٣         ‫ א‬ J
٥٤         ‫ א‬ J
٥٥           J
٥٦           J
٥٧       ‫א‬ J
 ٥٨       ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
٦٣        ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ٢٢٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٦٦        ‫א‬‫ א‬E٦

 ٦٧          ‫ א‬E٧
٧٢         ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E٨
٧٦          E٩
 
 ٨٨        ‫א‬‫ א‬W٥‫א‬
 ٩٠           E١
 ٩٠         ‫א‬ E٢
٩٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣
٩٦   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤
٩٨    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥
 ١٠٠         E٦
 ١٢٢          ‫א‬
 ١٢٥           ‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS