2/15/2019 Acid Base Reactions

Reactions of acids and bases

a) Reaction of acids and bases with metals

Acid + active metal →  salt + hydrogen + heat

2H Cl  + M g → M gCl2 + H2 (↑)

Base + metal → salt + hydrogen + heat

2N aOH   + Zn → N a2 ZnO2 + H2 (↑)

            
A more reactive metal displaces the less reactive metal from its base.
2N a + M g(OH )2 → 2N aOH + M g

b) Reaction of acids with metal carbonates and bicarbonates

Acid + metal carbonate or bicarbonate →  salt + water + carbon dioxide.

2H Cl  +  CaCO3 → CaCl2   +  H2 O  +  CO2

H2 SO4   +  M g(H CO3 )2 → M gSO4   +  2H2 O  +  2CO2

Effervescence indicates liberation of CO  gas. 2

c) Neutralisation reaction

1. Reaction of metal oxides and hydroxides with acids

Metal oxides or metal hydroxides are basic in nature.
Acid + base → salt + water + heat
H2 SO4   +  M gO → M gSO4   +  H2 O

2H Cl + M g(OH )2 → M gCl2 + 2H2 O

2. Reaction of non-metal oxides with bases

Non-metal oxides are acidic in nature

Base + Non-metal oxide →  salt + water + heat
2N aOH + CO2 → N a2 CO3 + H2 O

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