Professional Documents
Culture Documents
14 APRIL 2019
SMART CITIES
& BIM Technologies
Effects of BIM on project
LIFECYCLE PHASES
Contents
03
07 14 23
32
ISSUE No. 14 3
OUR TEAM
14 Episode 12: BIM Performance
GENERAL MANAGER
Management
Omar Selim
(Researcher at QU | BIM specialist)
17 Smart Cities and BIM Technologies
EXECUTIVE MANAGER
19 National BIM Report 2016
Sonia Ahmed
(Ph.D in BIM)
22 How to Change View Names by
DYNAMO
SCIENTIFIC | TECHNICAL AUDIT
26 Women In BIM
DESIGN TEAM
27 BIM Environmental Impact
Sara Marashly
(Architect | BIM specialist)
30 Report on BIM Conference in Kuwait Mai Abdelsalam
(Architect | Ph.D Candidate)
Dema Rekabi
31 BIM is one of the Reasons in Companies (Architect | BIM specialist)
Bankruptcy!!!
33 Hot to Market a Project in a
TRANSLATION TEAM
Professional way using the Terrible
Ammar Dakhil
Triple (Professor | BIM specialist)
Khalid Othman
36 Building Energy Modeling (BEM) Tools (Architect | BIM specialist)
Mohammed Ghattas
(Architect | BIM specialist)
39 Internet of Things for Architects Sara Marashly
(Architect | BIM specialist)
92 99
4 BIMarabia
INTRODUCTION
BELAL SUCCAR
The pace is certainly picking up! I am very pleased to announce that Mr. Omar Selim has
been appointed as the BIM Dictionary’s Arabic Language Editor.
P
raise be to Allaah. We would websites. The BIM Dictionary is part able to serve a rapidly expanding BIM
like to inform you that the Bim of an expanding Modular Language community in the Middle East and
Arabia team is working on which includes Competency Items, North Africa!
translating the Bim Dictionary Model Uses, and other ‘Knowledge
of Dr. Bilal Succar to standardize Blocks’ derived from the conceptual So, a very big welcome to both Omar
terminology among the researchers in BIM Ontology. The BIM Dictionary is and Radwa to the expanding Editorial
the field. hosted at Team!
http://BIMdictionary.com/
The BIM Dictionary is an online
T
resource for practitioners and he Dictionary will be translated
researchers to freely use. It includes by Mr. Omar Selim. He is the
hundreds of research-based Co-founder of BIMarabia, a
Dictionary Items: terms with their Bim Manager of 10 years and
descriptions, abbreviations, and a super active BIM blogger. He will
synonyms. be supported by Ms.Radwa Hassan, a
Civil Engineer with a passion for BIM,
Each Dictionary Item has its own page English phonology and web design.
so it can be easily referenced in industry With the pending introduction of
documents, academic papers, and Arabic, the BIM Dictionary will be
Bilal Succar
Director of ChangeAgents |
Founder of the BIMe Initiative
ISSUE No. 14 5
Authors
BIMarabia Issue No. 14
OMAR SELIM
I
n order to obtain information on immediate decisions to rearrange the
the progress of work during the distribution of labor, equipment and
Building Systems in BIM
implementation phase, the vast materials to cover the delay. The report
majority of project managers follow stated that the delay is 25% while the real
I
t is known that the construction the traditional system, which depends position of the project is 55% with a 5%
industry is one of the main pillars of primarily on the human element. The advance on the schedule. Therefore, the
the development of the economies of engineers and surveyors of the site write decisions of the project manager led to
developed and developing countries. down their notes on the movement of the material burdens and loss of time, which in
In 2014, in the UK, 2 million construction work and submit the work manually using turn led to the actual delay of the project,
workers were employed to contribute 103 the paper book and pen for the purpose which did not benefit progress achieved by
billion pounds ($ 129 billion) in national of the work of a monthly or weekly the project, all because of the report, which
income. Any improvement or development report on the basis of which is recognized contains information is incorrect and even
in the field of construction is positively on the status of progress of the work, misleading. This is in addition to the loss of
reflected not only on governments but also which subsequently require important customer confidence in the accuracy of the
on individuals, but for many decades the decisions and critical to keep pace with reports.
construction sector has inherited many the development of business with the After careful study, the researchers
of the challenges and problems that have pre-programmed program. He found that found that the system of manual follow-
always troubled the development. this process requires a lot of time, labor, up to modernize the position of business
effort and late do not reach the accuracy development contains many challenges
One of the most important factors in the required most of the time. For example, and problems, for example: The accuracy
success of any project is the successful in a vital project, the previous manual of the information collected from the site
management of the project. The most system was followed by an explanation depends on the experience and accuracy
important criteria leading a successful for business development information. of the collection and the need for sufficient
management is to make the right decisions The report of the project manager stated time to collect this information, Several
at the right time and therefore the that the business progress rate is 30% and days and even weeks in large projects.
information must be correct and accurate, the target is 55%, but the real business In addition to the overlap of more than
otherwise the decisions would be wrong to progress is 60%. one team to complete the report. As the
lead the project to failure. information collected from the site is
ISSUE No. 14 7
REFERENCES
Dimitrov, M., Golparvar-Fard. (2014).
Vision-based material recognition for
automated monitoring of construction
progress and generating building
information modelling from unordered
site image collections, Journal of
Advanced Engineering and Information,
28 (1), pp. 37–49
B U I L D I N G I N F O R M AT I O N
MODELING
huge step forward in construction industry programs, and connected data base
BIM is changing the way we build, because of the significant decrease in the through a certain platform that run by a
collaborate and operate working hours, during design phase. In certain programming language and work
addition to remarkable design accuracy as an intermediate between the programs
R
and its creation. This development has that forms the information system
emarkably, construction industry led to a more sophisticated architectural
is considered to be a role designs, which required developing Despite significant progress that took place
model in establishing required techniques to facilitate data processing, in in that field, each system of integrated
infrastructure for continuous construction sector. That’s why a various information systems has been created
urban development, and life quality type of software have been developed, to handle a specific criteria. As a result,
improvement. to meet these requirements. Each one the users had to install all the program
Consequently, production development has been dedicated to deal with specific packages of the integrated engineering
in construction sector, whether on discipline, a part of the whole project, and information systems on their computers
the individual or the project level, has without any data from other disciplines, and to study all these programs, beside
an essential value, in which its impact the fact that users still have to perform all
extend more than in industrial sector. With reference to this used method from desired changes themselves. Fortunately,
Experimental evidences showed that one side, and increasing in architectural developing Conceptual Architectural
using integrated techniques caused design sophisticated level from the Intelligence through the 80s has a wide
construction production development, other side, data entry process has impact on developing information systems,
as in the improved construction material become a tremendous time-consuming during this period, which has a role
development, also development in process. Consequently, the need for data modeling achieving a certain technique,
used techniques, caused production exchange between concerned software which is lately known as (Building
improvement significantly has become a wide demand; and it took Information Modeling) or BIM.
Based on the previous mentioned facts, a place by developing IEIS (Integrated variety of concerned references has
developing CAD (Computer Aided Engineering Information Systems), which defined the last concept based on their
Design) and afterword developing Three- can be defined as a package of individual understanding of the terms, and the way
Dimensional Visualization was and still a
ISSUE No. 14 9
REFERENCES
Chapman R. E. and Butry D. T., ‘‘Measuring
and improving the productivity of the US
construction industry: issues, challenges,
and opportunities’’, national institute of
standards and technology, 2008
it is used. For instance, the American Intelligence during the The American Institute of Architects (AIA),
standard for BIM (NBIMS2007) national 1980s had an important “Building Information Modeling Protocol
institute for building science, stated that Exhibit”, document E202, 2008
BIM is digitalizing physical and functional impact on the development
The Associated General Contractors of
properties for a certain project. So, it is a of information systems America (AGC), “Contractors’ Guide to
shared knowledge source for the project BIM”, 1st edition, 2006
information, which forms a solid foundation representing BIM for the project may
to take decisions, during project life cycle. contain any (or every), two or three or Kymmell W., ‘‘Building Information
It is the same definition that is used by four dimensions, (for time frame), or Five Modeling (Planning and Managing
American Institute for Architects (AIA), dimensions (cost Information), or other Construction Projects with 4D CAD and
in the document (E.202, 2008), while it dimensions, (Energy or green building or Simulations)’’, the McGraw-Hill companies
is defined by contractor guide for BIM facility managements)
Inc., 2008
from American General Contractor Union While in the book titled BIM guide,
(AGC), as “Producing and using computer Eastman C., Teicholz P., Sacks R., and
information modeling guides owners, Liston K., ‘‘BIM Handbook: A guide to
programed model, to simulate building managers, design engineers and building information modeling for owners,
and operating a certain facility “. The result contractors, which is considered the managers, designers, engineers, and
model, which is BIM, is a digital figure for basic reference to understand building contractors’’, John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
the facility, signified as a smart and full of information modeling. Eastman et al .2011
data, defining the components used in it, 2011 states BIM as follows:
and using the terms that has a changeable We use the term BIM, as an act or a
value, which you can use to analyze a lot phrase, to describe tools, operations
of data and directions, according to the or techniques, available by digital
users different requirements, which help documents, readable by machines, about
to generate information that can be used the building, its performance & its time
to take decisions, and improve facility schedule, and what follows of operations
handing process. So, the term BIM refers to effectiveness.
And to describe the result of the
In the same time, in his book (Kummel modeling effectiveness, we use the term
2008), he defines BIM as a virtual modeling BIM. As for the researcher point of view,
for the building, produced by computer and BIM, basically is formation of actual
specialized program, which may contain reality, through the virtual reality, by
all required data to construct a building, merging design with data base, based on
and it is a general term that can name values, to present a variety of extremely
the model (or models), which represent important information to simulate
the physical properties for the project, every component, which help creating
in addition to the ability to call it on all new dimensions to represent, to reach
the continued information in that model. ideal solutions for all building aspects.
When BIM is used in a certain sentence,
the flow meaning of that phrase defines
(Design, duration, cost, green building,
facility management, safety and risk
Kamel ElShekhly
that acronym to be (Building Information managements), before going through the
modeling), or (Building Information Model), actual construction resources.
10 BIMarabia
BELAL SUCCAR
Episode
10
A
construction project passes phases (Table 1) which are in turn further BIM implementations can and will affect
through multiple phases from subdivided into activities, sub-activities construction projects at Phase, Task and
inception to demolition. These and tasks. everything in between. For now we’ll just
phases are typically referred As an example of further subdivision, the focus on the effects of BIM on Phases and
to as Project Lifecycle Phases (PLPs) and Design phase [D] includes Architectural, I’ll discuss the effects of BIM on smaller
include pre-construction activities like Structural and Systems Design sub-phase lifecycle subdivisions in later posts.
programming, cost planning as well as [D1], which includes an Architectural
post-construction activities like occupancy Design activity [D1.1], which includes the BIM Stage 1: Object-Based Modelling
and facility maintenance. Lifecycle phases Conceptualisation sub-activity [D1.1a] As a reminder, BIM implementation is
can be delineated in a few ways but I have which lastly includes a 3D Modelling initiated through the deployment of an
personally adopted a simplified subdivision task [D1.1a.01]. The usefulness of these ‘object-based 3D parametric software
as follows: subdivisions will not be too evident in tool’ similar to ArchiCAD®, Revit®,
this blog post but just remember that Digital Project® and Tekla®. At Stage 1,
Construction projects pass through users generate single-disciplinary models
three major lifecycle phases: Design [D], Table 1: Stages of the project life cycle and within either design [D], construction
Construction [C] and Operations [O]. sub-stages [C] or operation [O] – the three Project
These phases are also subdivided into sub- Lifecycle Phases. These models - like
architectural design models [D] and duct
fabrication models [C] - are primarily
Design Phase Construction Phase Operations Phase used to automate the generation and
coordination of 2D documentation and
D1: conceptualisation, C1: construction planning and O1: occupancy and operations 3D visualisations. Other deliverables of
programming and cost construction detailing Stage 1 models include basic data exports
planning (ex: door schedules, concrete quantities,
FFE costs,...) and light-weight 3D models
D2: architectural, C2: construction, manufacturing O2: asset management and facility (ex: 3D DWF, 3D PDF, NWD, etc...) which
structural and systems and procurement maintenance
have no modifiable parametric attributes.
design
However, the ‘semantic’ nature of object-
D3: analysis, detailing, C3: commissioning, as-built and O3: decommissioning and major based models and their ‘hunger’ for early
coordination and handover re-programming and detailed resolution of design and
specification construction matters encourage ‘fast-
ISSUE No. 14 11
The construction
projects undergo three
stages of “major life
cycle”:
Design [D], Creation [C],
Operations [O].
T
to start informing potential clients about
he Yellow Organisation decided their new abilities.
to invest substantial energy and
money to acquire object-based
software (say Revit®, Tekla® or
End of the story...
Vico®). This decision came after a group Now, from an onlooker’s point of view (a
of enthusiastic and technology-savvy staff client for example) both organisations
succeeded in convincing management appear equally qualified, just as able to
to trial BIM. These ‘champions’ then deliver the promise of BIM....But they’re
organised and undertook the necessary not equally qualified – far from it. These two
training as recommended by their BIM organisations demonstrate a significant
software retailer and supplemented their problem in identifying the difference
learning by sieving through countless between BIM Capability - the ability to
online forums. After a handful of months, generate BIM deliverables and services,
a few setbacks and a couple of successful from BIM Maturity - the extent, depth,
pilot projects, this group of individuals – quality, predictability and repeatability of
now considered superheroes by some of these BIM deliverables and services.
their peers and computer-hugging fools by Let’s have another look at the above
others – stood ready to implement what organisations using two different lenses:
they’ve learned across the organisation. Capability is thus a notion quite different
New BIM components where generated to Maturity...I’ll quickly expand on this a
on-the-job and novel standards/processes bit more by re-discussing BIM Capability
started to slowly push out existing CAD before directly jumping into the more
practices. The management, now excited intricate topic of BIM Maturity:
about the commercial possibilities of the
new deliverables, instructed its marketing BIM Capability, a reminder
people to inject BIM images and labels into As explored in Episode 8, three ‘capability’
BELAL SUCCAR Yellow’s corporate website and to start
informing potential clients about their new
Stages are needed to pass from pre-BIM
status to IPD. These Stages represent
abilities. revolutionary changes (as opposed
Episode
T
to evolutionary mutations) and are
11
he Blue Organisation invested characterised by reaching a milestone
substantial time and energy in or achieving minimum proficiency. For
investigating, developing and example, an organisation is considered
then gradually implementing an to have reached BIM Capability Stage 1
overall BIM strategy, tailored training by the relative easiness of deploying an
plans, modelling standards and workflow object-based software. BIM Capability
protocols. Internal and external help were Stage 2 is reached when an organisation
sought to communicate, train as well as undertakes model-based multi-
educate staff [1] about BIM technologies disciplinary collaboration. Finally, BIM
ISSUE No. 14 13
BIM
PERFORMANCE
MEASUREMENT
It is really a no-brainer that the AECO which are relevant to our quest but I’ll only
industry needs a specialized tool to mention a few of them below:
assess BIM implementations in order to All the above ‘maturity models’ are
identify real BIM abilities from flagrant relevant to the construction industry
BIM wash. What requires real thought (there are many others as well) but only
is [ONE] what BIM ‘metrics’ should this two so far have claimed the ability to
tool measure, [TWO] how to perform measure BIM-specific maturity: NBIMS’
these measurements, and [THREE] how to I-CMM and Indiana University’s BIM
BELAL SUCCAR certify measurement results so they can be Proficiency Matrix [8]. Since Indiana
trusted and depended upon for selecting University’s effort is fairly new and is not
project partners and/or improving BIM yet well documented, I will only review the
Episode
12
performance. This lengthy post will I-CMM tool below:
address a small part of the first question...
A quick focus on the NBIMS maturity
The initial step in identifying suitable effort
metrics would be through searching for Let’s start with the definition: the U.S.
an existing and suitable performance National Building Information Model
measurement tool - rather than developing Standard™ (NBIMS) establishes “standard
a new one from scratch - and then improve definitions for building information
upon it. So, let’s have a quick look at some exchanges to support critical business
existing and applicable tools: contexts using standard semantics and
A
fter introducing the general
Applicable Maturity Models and Tools
A ‘maturity model’ is simply a set of
differences between BIM
performance improvement levels that can Table 1. Sample Maturity Models of rel-
Capability and BIM Maturity
be achieved by an organisation or a project evance to BIM
in Episode 11 , I’ll briefly
team. There are many maturity models
discuss some of the currently available
and applicable maturity models[1]. The
intention is to understand what other 1 COBIT, Control Objects for Information & related Technology – Information Systems
organisations and individuals have Audit & Control Association (ISACA) & the IT Governance Institute (ITGI) .
already achieved in this space and try to 2 CMMI, Capability Maturity Model Integration - Software Engineering Institute/
pin-point an appropriate performance- Carnegie Melon
measurement model that can be adopted
3 CSCMM, Construction Supply Chain Maturity Model - Vaidyanathan & Howell (2007)
or modified to assess BIM competencies
[2]. 4 I-CMM, Interactive Capability Maturity Model developed as part of the National BIM
Standard (NBIMS) Version 1 Part 1 - a project of the National Institute for Building
Why is this important? If BIM Sciences (NIBS), buildingSMARTalliance™ - weblink.
implementations by teams and 5 Indiana University BIM Proficiency Matrix - weblink (MS Excel File)
organizations are to achieve the much
6 Knowledge Retention Maturity Levels - Arif, Egbu, Alom and Khalfan (2009) [4]
touted increase in productivity, these
implementations need to be measured, 7 LESAT, Lean Enterprise Self-Assessment Tool - Lean Aerospace Initiative (LAI) at the
compared against some sort of industry Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - weblink
benchmarks and – most importantly 8 P3M3, Portfolio, Programme and Project Management Maturity Model – Office of
– independently certified. Without Government Commerce (UK) - weblink
measurement, organizations offering 9 P-CMM®, People Capability Maturity Model v2 – Software Engineering Institute /
design, construction or operations’ Carnegie Melon - weblink
services have no basis on which to improve
10 (PM)², Project Management Process Maturity Model - Kwak & Ibbs (2002) [5]
their processes and deliverables. Without
benchmarks and certificates, clients aiming 11 SPICE, Standardised Process Improvement for Construction Enterprises - Research
to employ these organizations have no Centre for the Built and Human Environment, University of Salford – Hutchinson &
Finnemore (1999) [6]
consistent way of understanding their BIM
competencies. 12 Supply Chain Management Process Maturity Model and Business Process Orientation
(BPO) maturity model - Lockamy III & McCormack (2004) [7]
ISSUE No. 14 15
ontologies...[to be]..implemented in
software”. NBIM Standard Version 1 – Part
1 proposes a Capability Maturity Model
(CMM) for “users to evaluate their business The initial step in
practices along a continuum or spectrum of identifying suitable
desired technical level functionality... [and
to measure] the degree to which a building metrics would be
information model implements a mature
BIM Standard”[9].
through searching
There are two versions of NBIMS’ CMM. for an existing and
The first is a static table identifying 11
Areas of Interest (AOI) measured against
suitable performance
10 Levels of increasing maturity (Fig. 1). Fig.1. NBIMS CMM Chart (NBIMS-US v3
measurement tool
The second is the Interactive Capability Section 5.2)
Maturity Model (I-CMM), a multi-tab
Microsoft Excel® workbook based on the
static table and employing a point score
against each AOI.
NBIMS’ I-CMM is based on the concept of model and tool have significant limitations how NBIMS ‘allows’ those who use the
Minimum BIM; that is, a project needs to which I will briefly discuss below [11]: tool to modify AOI weighting according
achieve a minimum total score of maturity to their specific requirements (see page
for it to be considered ‘true BIM’. When The I-CMM tool has been designed to be 79 of NBIMS v1, part 1). This variability
it was first released, the NBIM Standard, used as an “internal tool...[to]...determine in AOI’s weightings coupled with a ‘date-
version 1 stated that “one should obtain the level of maturity of an individual sensitive’ Minimum BIM score limit the
a minimum score of 20 [points -weighted BIM project as measured against a set of tool’s reliability as well as its usability as
average] in order to consider true BIM weighted criteria agreed to be desirable an industry-wide, market-independent
maturity”. It however stressed that in a Building Information Model”[12][13]. measurement tool.
the minimum score is not fixed but is I-CMM focuses primarily on measuring The need for a comprehensive tool
“dependent on the date the [the I-CMM BIM information management and “should If one spends enough time and energy to
tool] is used”. The minimum score can thus not be used as a benchmark for any other analyse the many strength and shortfalls
change yearly or “as the rhetorical bar is metrics” [14] including those related to of available maturity models, s/he soon
raised and owners demand more from the architectural, engineering, construction realizes what is missing: a specialized
models being delivered” [10]. In fact, in and management. Also, I-CMM is not BIM Capability and Maturity tool that can
the newer version of the Excel tool (v1.9), intended to be used as a “tool to compare be used internally by organisation and
the Minimum BIM score has since been BIMs or BIM implementations” [15]. externally by independent assessors, can
changed to 30 and lately to 40 points. measure all key metrics related to BIM, has
In addition to the above structural a consistent scoring system and is equally
Limitations within the NBIMS I-CMM limitations, the I-CMM’s scoring system applicable across markets, disciplines and
tool can theoretically generate different results organisational sizes.
NBIMS’ maturity model and tool are still (certificates) for the same BIM project if
in their early days of developmentand may the tool is employed by different users or
yet change significantly. However, both the at different times. This is highlighted in
16 BIMarabia
O
f course, it is not realistic [7] Lockamy III, A., & McCormack, K. [12] See AECbytes Viewpoint #33
to expect organizations (2004). The development of a supply chain (December 6, 2007), http://bit.ly/
to independently develop management process maturity model AECbytes1.
their own measurement using the concepts of business process
tools and impose them on all others. orientation. Supply Chain Management: [13] Suermann, P. C., Issa, R. R. A.,
It is also impractical to ask industry An International Journal, 9(4), 272-278. & McCuen, T. L. (2008). Validation of
players to rely on tools developed by the U.S. National Building Information
other industries and are unsuitable for [8] Indiana University BIM Proficiency Modeling Standard Interactive Capability
measuring BIM. Finally, it is not useful Matrix includes 8 categories measured Maturity Model 12th International
to adopt existing tools that – although against 4 maturity/proficiency levels. The Conference on Computing In Civil and
developed for B IM but - can neither matrix appears to focus on the accuracy Building Engineering, October 16-18.
measure all BIM indicators nor are and richness of the digital model (as an Beijing, China.
consistent in their measurement. end-product) and has little focus on the
process of creating that model. More [14] NIST. (2007). National Building
information is available at http://bit.ly/ Information Modeling Standard - Version
S M A R T CITIES
& BIM
TEC HNOLOGY
AYMAN KANDEEL
C
ities are the driving force in generating
economic growth in the world. Around
the world, challenges are rising and
more people are concentrated in
certain places, causing poor distribution of
populations because of overcrowdedness
due to the poor distribution over other areas,
taking into account the outdated infrastructure,
resulting in a rapid increase in resource
consumption and emissions. The main challenge
in studying cities around the world is to provide
better service to current and future citizens,
taking into account global competition, global
rankings and the well-being of the people.
REFERENCES
Paul Doherty, President & CEO,
The Digit Group, Inc., http://www.
thedigitgroupinc.com/
ISSUE No. 14 19
NATIONAL
BIM REPORT 2016
The report we are waiting to
explain to us the spread of
Bim worldwide and from the
first look we see the spread of
knowledge and belief that it
is the future, especially in the
following:
Conclusion
How to Change
View Names by
DYNAMO
D
ynamo is an easy In Revit 2017 release, Dynamo
programming language is implemented in manage tap,
which through you while before that release it was
can program Revit, a separate extension,
model difficult or parametric For example, here we need
shapes, and repeat commands to change view names from
automatically. “Dependent #” to “Part #”.
OMAR SELIM
1- Open Dynamo.
2- Choose: Create a new file.
More
References
https://www.youtube.com/
user/ENGWEB13
24 BIMarabia
ABDELHAKIM TALAAT
ISSUE No. 14 25
T
he coordination between the team in which case he or she should exchange At this stage, one of the electromechanical
members to produce a uniform and these elements with the Electromechanical sections of the MEP Fixtures are being
satisfactory ceiling for all needs Engineer to add the connectors and any introduced into the architectural roof, but
to have a disciplined sequence in other details in Fine mode to the LOD level before the start of this step, the agreement
the completion of the work between the 300. improves on several things to facilitate
engineers and a special method in dealing the completion of the work between the
B
with the orders of the program is different -or to make the elements used departments without a stumble. So the
with the nature of the stage in which the in the architectural model 2D architect should create “Views” dedicated
project and also varies depending on only 2D, while the engineer of to the sections of electromechanics to
whether the entire work is done in the the electromechanical elements standardize the display between everyone
program of or whether there is reliance of 3D similar to the details of the details and ensure that no errors in printing later,
on previous plans that were completed in needed, in this case we use the Mapping where the architect of electromechanical
the AutoCAD program. In any case, let us feature when the transition between these architectural ceiling in his file through the
take up the subject as the work will start elements between the architectural model property (By Linked View).
from the stage of the initial design without and construction when the use of Patch
relying on any previous plans to the so- Copy. For example, the electric engineer begins
called executive plans, so we will divide this distributing light after the architectural file
period into several stages as follows: Determining how to create items If they is withdrawn. The air conditioning engineer
are related to the ceiling based or surface then distributes the elements on the ceiling
based, the first type can be used without after the two files are pulled out. The
-Conceptual Design/ embarrassment if the architect starts using engineers will coordinate with each other
Schematic Design the elements in his model and automatically in any conflict and then the fire fighting
switches to face-based when they move to engineer distributed sprinklers after the
-Design Development the special model. Using it, it must be in the withdrawal of architect, electric and air
face-based state so that it can be placed at conditioning engineers. After coordination,
-Final design stage the level of the architectural ceiling that is the electric engineer distributed speakers,
often drawn as a link file. cameras and any other elements. After
the withdrawal of architectural files,
Phase I: Primary Design Phase II: Design Development electricity, air conditioning and fire fighting
will be coordinated by them and so on.
Where the architect is often unique in
With the beginning of this stage, the
carrying out the work in the program
architect has completely finished the If the electromechanical engineer will
without interference from the rest of
addition of the ceiling falling in the connect the height of its elements (MEP
the parties except for oral consultations
architectural model, whether it has some Fixtures) to the architectural roof when
and some correspondence with other
elements of electromechanics as we distributed inside the file, it is necessary
departments to ensure good coordination
mentioned from the lights and exits of the not to do so after the completion of the
from the beginning.
air conditioning, for example leaving the architectural ceiling and warning the
distribution of the rest of the elements of architect not to delete any roof and draw
At this stage, the architect has to design
the section of electromechanical or that again, but absolutely necessary, but only
the falling ceiling of some spaces such
the architectural ceiling is completely modify (Edit Boundary) so that it keeps
as the lobby, main roads and some other
empty without any elements. the same ID and does not cause the
places that require a distinctive interior
transformation of the electromechanical
design. And because the most important
elements to Orphaned. Its link to the
factors for the success of any project is
architectural ceiling is lost and moved with
cooperation from the outset between
it up and down when the height changes by
all parties, it is desirable to coordinate
the architect. If the figure of any element
between the Department of Architecture
changes, During uncle re-host and if large
and the Department of Electromechanics
in several things before starting to create So the architect should numbers were can perform this process
through an external socket Add-in re-link
the model and these things: create “Views” dedicated the re-host to a group of elements of the
The architect chooses at this stage the to the sections of ceiling again in one step.
lightings shapes , air conditioning entrances electromechanics to It may also be appropriate if there is no
and exits as required. It will be sufficient
that these elements appear at the level standardize the display significant variation in the height of the
one-storey architectural ceiling that the
of LOD 100 until the last stage of design
process, while the electromechanical
between everyone. electro-mechanical engineer connects its
elements to another level of Reference
engineer needs to have these elements in
Plane but is at the same level as the
his model at a higher level up to LOD 300
architectural ceiling.
to final design. Therefore, one of the two
good ideas:
A
-The architect constructs these
elements so that they look 2D
in Coarse mode while they are
three-dimensional in Fine mode,
26 BIMarabia
NAGWA SALAMA
Community of
WOMEN in
BIM
A number of websites and social pages of engineers working in the field of BIM
have emerged to stimulate themselves and enhance skills
them to sharpen their inspiration, guide each Women in BIM database global
other and present the best models of the best group on LinkedIn
BIM
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT
YASER ABOUELSAUD
Episode
01 THERMAL
MASS
T
his is the first topic from a series 1- THERMAL MASS
of topics in the term of using
practical BIM application in the Thermal mass can be defined by the ability
design of environmentally friendly of the material to resist the change due to
buildings. This is an attempt to clarify the the thermal changes. The increase in this
ability to understand academic knowledge ability will increase the material capability
and translated into several easy steps can to store and observe temperature.
be used by the designer to perform more
realistic model in terms of architectural
outputs.
Thermal Mass used as an effective tool to
design natural thermal warming system by Thermal Mass used as an
using solar energy, which can produce the effective tool to design
This work has been used to improve BIM ability to store the energy that has been
ability to exceed the fifth dimensions to observed from the sun and retrieved with natural thermal warming
reach the sixth to assist the designers to
perform a wide range of analysis in an earlier
time. In contrast, can protect the material system by using solar
from accelerated heating due to sun
stage, which will help to take very accurate exposure. energy
decisions in the right time. In this series
several terms related to environmental
elements will be investigated, these
elements have a considerable impact on
our daily life which may be very difficult to
be spotted by the design team.
1- Direct gain passive heating system which allow the solar energy to enter the The ideal situation for (Direct gain:
building and the area of the roof with the Glazing) ratio to calculate the area of glass
The direct gain heating system can be thickness of the thermal mass can affect that is exposed to the sun is the average
developed via a passive heating system the temperature fluctuation. While the temperature during the winter clear day
with system elements, which contain the building material can transfer the heat must equal to 70F or 21C. Otherwise, the
followings: slowly from roof to wall material, this ΔT can be calculated by the difference
1-Sun Glazing (Collect solar energy) requires enough area from the thermal between 70F or 21C and the average
2-Thermal Mass (Store solar energy) mass in the space and it should be external daily temperature during the
3-The distribution of the windows can distributed among large area. This can winter season (the coldest months).
affect the system efficiencies. control temperature fluctuation among
The ability to use thermal mass in building acceptable limits. Mass / Glazing Area Ratio of 3:1
design.
For 4” (10cm), 8” (20cm), 16” ( 40cm) of
exposed thermal mass thick
The buildings that have been heated via • It is desired to construct the
direct solar energy, which has been entered internal building with a thickness of not
via different ways such as glass windows more than 10 cm ( wall, roof and\or floor)
and roof openings. These ways can be • The percentage between the
figured out during the design stage and roof area and glass area at least (1:3). The
make a thermal calculation to determine desired percentage (1:9).
average temperature ΔT. This term can be The increase in the
estimated as the difference between the The increase in the percentage of Mass/
Glazing area ratio will increase the stability
percentage of Mass/
building inside and outside temperature.
The majority of this energy will be stored in of internal temperature. The fluctuation of Glazing area ratio will
wall, floors, and roofs and will be released
during night time. The amount of this
temp inside the space during the day can
be explained as the differential areas of
increase the stability of
energy, location, and the area can affect thermal mass to glass area which can be internal temperature.
thermal mass creation and temperature calculated by using the below table:
fluctuation inside the building for 24 hours.
REFERENCES
BOOKS
Report on BIM
CONFERENCE i n
KUWAIT
T
he conference was attended by emphasized the importance of BIM during
many local and international design and implementation. He added
companies including design and that they look forward to implementing
contracting sectors as well as the BIM strategy to achieve multiple
engineering students from the Australian objectives such as delivering a detailed
College in Kuwait. “Some of the attendees and graduated BIM implementation plan,
clearly explained the meaning of BIM, and analyzing the delivery of the current
RAMY MOSTAFA
the risk associated with it and showed it to project, specifications and documents
be a promising process for the engineering related to BIM and the organization, and
Tekla, which it considered more accurate
world as to how much productivity it can supporting the implementation of two
than the Revit. Ramzi Qamar, Managing
achieve. Others focused on advertising pilot projects, including programs, tools
Director of BIMTEC, emphasized the high
their products and made them look very and staff training. CPS and implementation
power of Tecla through the construction
easy even though they are still complicated of the BIM Awareness Program at the
department. He provided examples of
to implement. “We were very surprised Ministry of Public Works. However,
positions that determine the location of the
to learn that future projects in Kuwait he noted several challenges, including:
packing (preparation of the construction
are expected to be implemented through long bureaucratic procedure, lack of
site), which were designed and simulated
BIM,” said Zainab Ali Farhat, a student local expertise in BIM, resistance of the
and avoid catastrophic damage by colliding
at the Australian College in Kuwait. “The local AEC industry, resistance of other
and collapsing tower crane.
presentation was generally well presented government agencies, technical problems
as it gave us an idea of BIM. Graduated “ and the result of creating obstacles and
At the end of the conference, he presented
maintaining static information. Eng. Ayman
a clear vision of the importance of
The main address of the conference was pointed out that the Ministry of Public
implementing projects through BIM.
BIM. BIM was extensively discussed in Works continues to implement its role by
The nation has reached the stage of
the gallery during the breaks and at the following and providing BIM to add value
mechanization of construction and design
multiple exhibition stands at the exhibition to the delivery method of the project.
through smart technology. Who knows in
that accompanied the conference. The
the future when robotics and 3D printers
ceremony was opened by Eng. Ahmed The second day of the conference includes
are used, where will the construction
Al-Manfouh, Director General of the more exciting educational presentations.
industry arrive. Will we see a robot
Municipality of Kuwait, where he spoke Projacs, Pimetek, Sever and Trimble used
dealing with all construction work instead
about the importance and significance of the the entire day to draw the audience’s
of workers? At the same time, how the
changes in the use of BIM in Kuwait. Simple attention to their ability to use BIM in real-
replacement of the workforce by programs
things can be mentioned such as saving world implementation.
and robots will affect the state of work in
time, saving cost and providing quality.
E
our region.
He also expressed his vision regarding the ngineer Salah Omar Omran, BIM
launching and implementation of Kuwait Director, PhD student, Master of
Municipality projects in the light of BIM. Science, BIM accredited director,
The words continued like Dr. Hussein Al- Autodesk Tutor certified his thesis
Shatti, Professor of Architecture, Rural in a case study on the introduction of
Design and Rural Planning, Department dimensions in the design structure using
of Architecture, Kuwait University, who Revit from Autodesk. Dimensions include
presented the creative work done by KU a three-dimensional model and time and
students by creating sizes and pallets environmental aspects. He was also able to
using BIM technology. Were transferred devise an automated system that creates
mainly from mass production to mass materials and designs components that
manufacturing that was currently used in meet standard requirements based on the
the martyr project. client’s required aspects.
Engineer Ayman Al Moussawi, Director Mr. Sabri Kishman took the opportunity
of Design and Construction Project to promote the use of Trimble solutions in
Management, spoke to the Kuwaiti construction and design. Trimble wanted
Ministry of Public Works, who also to deploy its service through the use of
ISSUE No. 14 31
A
fter nearly seven years of work
in the field of BIM, and training
for several major companies
in the field of engineering
and the general trend in the
construction sector to BIM technology,
it is possible that this technology and
adaptation to it are one of the main reasons
for bankruptcy or loss but how ??? ... This is different departments, and this stage is Panic Point
what we will learn in our article the most important stages of the project,
which depends mainly on the time of With the rise of technology and the
During the rise of this technology, several project implementation and loss. beginning of its use, especially with the
studies appeared which have confirmed its major engineering companies, some
importance and its need in the labor market, companies have started to work with this
for its diverse advantages, and perhaps the technology and others are looking forward
use of this technology is more important to what will result in the conversion
than the transformation occurred between between AutoCAD and this technology,
manual drawings to AutoCAD. Let us now especially as this transformation will cause
review our article. the companies to pay money on training
and devices. Hence, the companies,
Working in AutoCad environment after learning about the importance of
and BIM environment this technology, started immediately to
prepare for this experiment and transfer
In this chart, we can find a simplified to this technology. They start to bring
explanation of the difference in time and engineers who are familiar with a program
effort between the two environments such as “Revit” to work for projects that
during various project phases. Red color use this technology. There is a wrong belief
represents the work in BIM environment among the engineers that Revit is BIM.
and the black color represents the work in
AutoCAD environment. As noted, working Some companies have already started
in BIM environment takes longer during projects to use BIM or Revit in the project.
the project design phase, opposite to As the companies did not follow the best
working in AutoCAD environment which method of converting from AutoCAD
takes less time, but if we move to the other to BIM and preparation for this change,
stages of the project we will find work on problems began to be encountered while
the BIM environment has already provided working on the project.
more time and effort than the AutoCAD, From here, many engineers began to
and this is the longest period in the project switch from Revit to AutoCAD for easy
stages. completion of the project. As a result,
bigger problems rose and it took longer
Overall, working on BIM environment time in design than the traditional method
is much better than the AutoCAD especially the time and effort wasted in the
environment, especially the stage of the conversion from Revit to AutoCAD and go
shop drawings and coordination between back to work in AutoCAD program.
32 BIMarabia
A
year ago, I wrote an article as Revit, ArchiCAD, or others and each
entitled “Using BIM in have its advantages in the presentation
gaming machines and virtual to the client. So that he can understand
reality” where I discussed the his project such as changing the visibility
maximum control techniques settings quickly using shading or render
and guidance reached in the wide and settings.
exciting BIM world.
New improvement begins to appear either
Today I will talk about something very in these options or in the form of services
important which is how to market your or mini-programs that help to reverse the
model to customers using that technology content of the model better and more
in a professional manner to win their beautiful than before in what is known
satisfaction and approval and to have your Revolution in the world of marketing
special fingerprint in the architectural and models or Marketing Models, including:
real estate market.
First
modeling models of the world of BIM.This to the control of electricity and water is.
: Use Twin motion program program also provides a complete virtual
which is specialized in animations, to create
a kinetic model based on the connections
simulation environment around the site as
well as the traffic of cars and pedestrians
as well as shadow control by months.The
Remember that you
can enact a smoke-free law. This simulator
of elements in BIM software, so the owner
will be able to visualize construction interesting thing is that when you choose actually gives you a fun experience to see
processes and build the project before it is the night time format in the project you will your models which designed and built
executed. notice the cars and poles lighting changes in front of you and see all the life forms
automatically. around it in an extraordinary experience in
You can actually try to apply this to your this world is interesting.
devices through the following link and
download files Located in it and run it Second : Use Cities Skylines to
see your models in a full city environment.
This program accepts files of type (FBX)
and (OBJ) in the export operations of
directly without the actual need of the
program: Where you are the one who designs it as programs and you can easily add material
https://twinmotion.abvent.com/en/ well as the laws and legislation that govern in BIM programs.
bimmotion them such as taxes, and the demographic
distribution of the population, and the
The options in the program allow you to distribution of areas to residential,
control the construction stages and also industrial and commercial, and also control
control the visibility and cameras. Which is the exports and imports through the
considered as a revolution in the world of movement of air and seaports in addition
ISSUE No. 14 35
BIM world.
36 BIMarabia
Building Energy
MODELING (BEM)
TOOLS
YASER ABOUELSAUD
T
he past decade has seen remarkable
growth in the Building Energy
Modeling industry, primarily
driven by more stringent building
energy efficiency standards and growth
in voluntary building energy certification
programs such as LEED. Following are
descriptions of the most widely used Table 1. Energy Simulation Tools Developers
Building Energy Modeling (BEM) tools in ( AIA 2012)
the United States, both calculation engines
and interfaces, at the time of writing of this
guide. While extensive, this list makes no
claim to being comprehensive. Engine Interface Publicly & funded Free
Please note that these tools are currently DOE-2 eQUEST yes yes
and typically used later in the design
process, once engineering system selection Visual DOE yes yes
has occurred, and for code or third-
party rating/certification compliance.
The energy modeling simulation and
EnergyPro
program development industry is gaining
widespread adoption at an increasingly Autodesk GBS
rapid rate; thus, new whole building
modeling tools, as well as associated EnergyPlus Bentley
Design Performance Modeling, tools are Hevacomp
being developed and released regularly.
It may be worth noting that the holy grail
Design-Builder
of energy modeling software has yet to be
found. OpenStudio yes yes
COMFEN Engine for front-end provided early design code compliance yes
(RESFEN – input
residential)
DesignBuilder EnergyPlus yes yes phase modeling No
Ecotect EnergyPlus yes Limited yes No No
EMIT1.2 CIBSE yes yes yes yes yes
Admittance
Method
Energypro None No Not specifically, yes No No
and rapid execution make eQUEST able workflows across the entire design
to conduct whole-building performance DesignBuilder™ lifecycle. The APACHE engine is the
simulation analysis throughout the core energy simulation component in
entire design process, from the earliest DesignBuilder provides a user-friendly all four of the Virtual Environment tiers
conceptual stages to the final stages of modeling environment, accommodating (backed up by other engines for related
design ( AIA 2012). a range of environmental performance performance analysis, such as Radiance
data, such as energy consumption, internal for daylighting). In design mode, APACHE
EnergyPlus (engine) comfort data, and HVAC component sizes. covers the calculation of heating, cooling,
The output is based on detailed sub-hourly and latent room loads, the sizing of room
EnergyPlus is DOE’s flagship Building simulation time steps ( AIA 2012). units, internal comfort analysis, and
Energy Modeling tool. Replacing the codes/standards checks. In simulation
DOE-2 engine, EnergyPlus provides more OpenStudio mode, APACHE can operate at time-steps
accuracy, fewer workarounds, and enables as small as one minute and performs a
the analysis of the more innovative and Developed by the National Renewable dynamic thermal simulation using hourly
complex mechanical system and building Energy Laboratory, OpenStudio is an weather data. Integrated components of
designs. DOE has been funding on-going interface that provides users easy access APACHE permit simultaneous simulation
improvements to the analysis capabilities to a number of building analysis engines. of HVAC plant, solar gains and shading,
of this powerful engine to increase its OpenStudio’s reputation is in providing natural ventilation, and dimming strategies
application for existing buildings and easier access to the energy analysis engine ( AIA 2012).
low-energy designs, as well as new- EnergyPlus, and increasingly, interfaces
construction, conventional buildings. with other performance analyses engines TRACE® 700
While, to date, EnergyPlus has been used such as Radiance for lighting, and CONTAM
primarily by researchers, an increasing for airflow and air quality simulation. Trane Air Conditioning Economics, or
number of programs are linking and OpenStudio includes a SketchUp-type TRACE, is a design and analysis tool
developing interfaces to the EnergyPlus modeling capability that allows users developed to help professionals optimize
engine to provide users with the capability to ‘build’/specify geometry, space types, the design of a building’s heating,
to analyze natural ventilation, ground and thermal and lighting zones in a 3D ventilating, and air-conditioning system
source heat pumps, and radiant systems modeling construct, similar to architectural based on energy utilization and life-
within their overall building designs. 3D modeling programs (rather than the cycle cost. It is a complete load, system,
extruded floor-plan constructs of most energy, and economic analysis program
Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) energy modeling graphic interfaces.) It that compares the energy and economic
gives users access to editing building impact of building alternatives, such as
Carrier’s Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) schedules, constructions, internal loads, architectural features, HVAC systems,
is a versatile system design tool and an and mechanical systems, with an intuitive, building utilization, or scheduling and
energy simulation tool in one package, with drag-and-drop interface and also includes economic options. Users can choose from
a Windows-based graphical user interface. basic visualization modules for viewing a large variety of systems, economizers,
HAP’s design module uses a system-based simulation results in more intuitive formats and plant configurations, including water-
approach to HVAC load estimating. This ( AIA 2012). source and central or distributed ground-
approach tailors sizing procedures and source systems, underfloor air distribution
results to the specific type of system being Simergy systems, dedicated outdoor-air systems,
considered. Calculation rigor and integrity and optimized control strategies. TRACE
are provided by the ASHRAE Transfer Simergy is the newly developed graphical 700 includes ASHRAE Standard 90.1
Function Method for calculating building interface for EnergyPlus, affording more equipment and envelope libraries, gbXML
heat flow ( AIA 2012). user-types the ability to analyze design imports, weather files, templates, Building
performance at different stages in the Information Modeling, and more. TRACE
TRaNsient SYstem Simulation design process. In addition to analyzing 700 complies with Performance Rating
Program (TRNSYS) alternatives related to building form, Method of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-
glazing percentage/type, exterior shading, 2007 for LEED analysis and was the first
TRNSYS Is a commercially-available, and aspects of daylighting at early simulation software approved by the IRS
i.e., not free, Building Energy Modeling stages of design, Simergy also allows for energy-savings certification ( AIA
program whose modular system approach high-performance HVAC systems to be 2012).
makes it one of the most flexible tools effectively included. A comprehensive set
available. TRNSYS includes a graphical of templates and libraries for ASHRAE Energy-10 (engine)
interface, a simulation engine, and a 90.1, LEED, California Title 24, and low
library of components that range from energy HVAC systems allow the user to Energy-10 is a Design Performance
various building models to standard incorporate innovative HVAC systems, Modeling tool focused on making tradeoffs
HVAC equipment to renewable energy such as chilled beams with displacement during early design phases for buildings
and emerging technologies. TRNSYS ventilation, into the building energy model that are less than 10,000 sqf. floor area, or
also includes a method for creating new without questionable workarounds ( AIA buildings that can be treated as one- or two
components that do not exist in the 2012). zone increments. Performs whole-building
standard package. This simulation package energy analysis for 8760 hours/year,
has been used for HVAC analysis and IES® Virtual Environment including dynamic thermal and daylighting
sizing, multizone airflow analyses, electric calculations. Specifically designed to
power simulation, solar design, building IES is an integrated suite of tools designed facilitate the evaluation of energy-efficient
thermal performance, analysis of control to allow building performance analysis building features in the very early stages of
schemes, etc. ( AIA 2012). to be easily integrated into commercial design ( AIA 2012).
ISSUE No. 14 39
INTERNET of
THINGS f o r
ARCHITECTS
SAMER ELSAYARY
I
n our contemporary world of rapid As previously mentioned, there is an As an architect in this new field, we have
advancing technology, we find ourselves opinion that the impact of IoT-related to expect a new kind of operations, design,
facing every day new concepts that industries, services, and trade will affect and communication with the building
change our modern lifestyle. the construction industry on various scales equipped with IoT, artificial intelligence
Internet of things in its simplest terms is and operations of the whole life cycle of and smart systems. It will be a whole
the interconnection via the Internet of the building starting from the Construction different world where architects and
computing devices embedded in everyday equipment, facility management, engineers will be needed to communicate
objects, enabling them to send and receive sustainability, energy conservation, with the building to make essential repairs
data. decreasing the carbon footprint to the or even to operate it properly.
renovation of the building or its demolition.
The term IoT can most likely be attributed It is expected that the role of IoT will extend IoT design is, by nature, a set of devices.
to Kevin Ashton in 1997 with his work at to be integrated into the BIM industry with The value of IoT is not a single device or
Proctor and Gamble. The work brought him all its phases in the coming few years. a single location broadcasting data to a
to Massachusetts Institute of Technology server. It’s a set of things broadcasting and
S
MIT in 1999 where he and a group of like- ome might think of IoT as a next exchanging data and understanding the
minded individuals started the Auto-ID generation of smart homes or value the information in aggregate is trying
center research consortium intelligent systems in buildings. This to tell the architect. where data is the trend
The concept of things being connected to approach might be right in terms of of the century.
the Internet up through 2012 was primarily using technology to operate the Building
connected smartphones, tablets, PCs, with only one key difference. Using the The IoT starts with the simplest of
and laptops. Essentially, things that first internet and the building components sensors located in the remotest corners
functioned in all respects as a computer. being able to communicate with each other of the earth and translates analog physical
Up to the year 2000, most devices that and with humans will be the next new leap. effects into digital signals (the language of
were associated with the Internet were, as IoT devices can be used to monitor and the internet). Data then takes a complex
stated, not only computers of various sizes control the mechanical, electrical and journey through wired and wireless signals,
but also, they extended to include washing electronic systems used in various types various protocols, natural interference,
machines, smart TV, refrigerators and of buildings (e.g., public and private, and electromagnetic collisions, before
many home appliances…etc. industrial, institutions, or residential) in arriving in the ether of the internet. From
home automation and building automation there, packetized data will traverse various
IoT potential in the Construction systems. In this context, three main areas channels arriving at a cloud or large data
industry are being covered in literature: center. The strength of IoT is not just one
signal from one sensor, but the aggregate
The IoT will touch nearly every segment • The integration of the internet of millions of sensors, events, and devices.
in industrial, enterprise, health, and with the building energy management Can a smart shutter of a window be
consumer products. It is important to systems in order to create energy efficient connected to the climate database and
understand the impact, as well as why and IOT has driven “smart buildings”. operate after downloading the climatic
these disparate industries will be forced • The possible means of real- data on a daily basis?
to change in the way they build products time monitoring for reducing energy
and provide services. Perhaps your role consumption and monitoring occupant An architect must be able to speak to
as an architect forces you to focus on one behaviors. the value the design brings to a building.
particular segment; however, it is helpful • The integration of smart devices The architect must also play multiple
to understand the overlap with other use in the built environment and how they engineering and product roles in balancing
cases. might be used in future applications. different design choices.
40 BIMarabia
Significant numbers of energy-consuming technology and/or construction company The IoT from a perspective of Architectural
devices (e.g. switches, power outlets, bulbs, is investing or has invested heavily in design
televisions, etc.) already integrate internet IoT space and BIM. New markets and
connectivity, which can allow them to technologies have already formed (and As objects around us begin to collect data,
communicate with utilities to balance some have collapsed or been acquired). it is possible that they may enable designs
power generation and energy usage and we could never think of. The IoT needs
optimize energy consumption as a whole. The Main principles of IoT a new way of researching and designing
that looks into the creative possibilities of
These devices allow for remote control by • Sensors: Embedded systems, the Internet of Things. It requires how to
users, or central management via a cloud- real-time operating systems, energy- partner with intelligent things to expand
based interface, and enable functions like harvesting sources, Micro-Electro- design capabilities and envision new design
scheduling (e.g., remotely powering on Mechanical Systems (MEMs). The internet solutions.
or off heating systems, controlling ovens, starts or ends with an event: a simple
changing lighting conditions etc.).The motion, a temperature change, perhaps As a designer, you might be familiar with the
Smart grid is a utility-side IoT application; an actuator moving on a lock. Unlike many technologies that enable IoT. But a fresh
systems gather and act on energy and IT devices in existence, IoT in a large part perspective is needed to fully understand
power-related information to improve is about a physical action or event. It the impact of these technologies in your
the efficiency of the production and responds to affect a real-world attribute. design practice. Placing a sensor on a device
distribution of electricity. Using advanced Sometimes this involves considerable is, for instance, more than just collecting
metering infrastructure (AMI) internet- data being generated from a single sensor, data. A designer using this approach will
connected devices, electric utilities not such as auditory sensing for preventative ask: what can the sensor find out for me,
only collect data from end-users but also maintenance of machinery. Other times, and what new possibilities can it open up
manage distribution automation devices it’s a single bit of data indicating humidity for my work?
like transformers. data from a certain location. When we talk
about the billions of devices in IoT, this is You might find that smart mobility is not
IoT merging into BIM what they are referring to and why there just about energy efficiency but also new
will be billions of devices in reality. social relations, or that technology for
As indicated before the Internet of Things elder people is not so much about safety as
(IoT) is the network of physical devices, • Sensor communication systems: it is about vitality and resourcefulness.
vehicles, home appliances and other items A significant role of IoT surrounds
embedded with electronics, software, connectivity and networking. There are The IoT’s major significant trend in recent
sensors, actuators, and connectivity countless other sources that dive deep years is the explosive growth of devices
which enables these things to connect into application development, predictive connected and controlled by the internet.
and exchange data, creating opportunities analytics, and machine learning. The The wide range of applications for IoT
for more direct integration of the physical IoT wouldn’t exist without significant technology mean that the specifics can
world into computer-based systems, technologies to move data from the be very different from one device to the
resulting in efficiency improvements, remotest and most hostile environment other though the basic characteristics
economic benefits and reduced human to the largest data centers at Google, shared by them. It is a new era where the
intervention. Amazon, Microsoft, and IBM. The acronym communication of things can help us in
IoT contains the word internet, and seeing the world from a new perspective.
By definition Building information because of that, we need to dive deep
modeling (BIM) is a process involving the into networking, communications, and
generation and management of digital even signal theory. The starting point
representations of physical and functional for IoT isn’t sensors or the application;
characteristics of places. Building it’s about connectivity. A successful
information models(BIMs) are files (often architect will understand the constraints
but not always in proprietary formats and of internetworking from a sensor to a
containing proprietary data) which can WAN and back again. Wireless personal
be extracted, exchanged or networked area networks reach from 0 cm to 100 m. The Internet of Things
to support decision-making regarding a Low-speed and low-power communication (IoT) starts with the
building or other built asset. Current BIM channels, often non-IP based have a place
software is used by individuals, businesses in sensor communication. simplest of sensors
and government agencies who plan, design, located in the remotest
construct, operate and maintain diverse • Local area networks: Typically,
physical infrastructures, such as water, IP-based communication systems such corners of the earth.
refuse, electricity, gas, communication as 802.11 Wi-Fi used for fast radio
utilities, roads, bridges, ports, tunnels, etc. communication, often in peer-to-peer or
So again both are centered around data star topologies.
management and both are based upon a
database and the existence of the internet. • Aggregators, routers, gateways:
This convergence in the two concepts Embedded systems providers, cheapest
enabled them to merge easily. vendors (processors, DRAM, and storage),
module vendors, passive component
Both industries rely on the hardware, manufacturers, thin client manufacturers,
software, and services provided by the cellular and wireless radio manufacturers,
bulk of the IT industry. Nearly every major middleware.
ISSUE No. 14 41
B
efore we go through the objectives, date content
we just wanted to cast some rays • Fix common modeling mistakes
on what Forge Design Automation
for Revit (a.k.a. Revit.io) is. So far, Revit.io Model
Revit.io is a private beta, which means that
MOSTAFA SALAH
few people have access to such technology Like other Forge services, you will create
for testing and evaluation purposes. As a Forge client application, which will call
The real advantage is since the DA is a part
announced in Autodesk University in Las the REST API endpoints. You can use any
of the Autodesk Forge platform that works
Vegas 2018, the private beta will be for the language, which can make REST calls. This
on the cloud then you can make your add-in
public in the 28th of January 2019. client application will also do any “front-
more powerful by giving it unlimited access
end” work you need – displaying UI to an
to all other cloud service providers.
What is Forge Design Automation for end-user, for example.
By connecting to other cloud services, you
Revit (Revit.io)? In addition to the client application, we
can use advanced features like Lambda
will create one or more Revit add-ins to
functions from Amazon and even plug your
Revit.io is part of the Forge Design execute against the Revit engine. They will
add-in to the ML and AI provided from
Automation API for that lets you build web be uploaded to the Design Automation
Microsoft or Google for example.
applications that create, read, and modify service and your client application will refer
Revit models. It will allow developers to to them when invoking the service. They
access the “business logic” of Revit on the can be kept private or public depending on
cloud. Like Design Automation API for what you want.
AutoCAD, developers can create client
applications, which speak to the Revit
engine via REST API. Developers will be
able to automate existing workflows or
create new cloud workflows. Because
Design Automation API for Revit is a
Forge service, we can take advantage of
other forge services to easily connect our
applications together.
Fig.1 Architecture of Revit.io
What are some examples of what the
service can do? Terminology:
There are many options falling under three Fig.2 Revit.io integration with cloud-
major workflows: Create, Extract, and There is some important terminology,
platforms
Modify. which we should be aware of, to be able to
Create develop the application.
• Convert from a third-party Design Automation, Design Automation
format to RVT/RFA for Revit, DA, DA4R, and Revit.io will be
• Generate documentation from a used interchangeably to refer to the same
specification thing.
• Create families from a catalog
Extract Why Revit.io?
• Put data into a format Revit There is no difference between writing
doesn’t natively support code using the DA API and writing the
• Share model info with consultants code for a regular Revit add-in, they are
who don’t have Revit almost equivalent except that in DA you
• Create daily model reports don’t have access to the UI components to
Modify the Revit interface and you only limited to
address the DB.
42 BIMarabia
BIM usage to
model the existing
Infrastructure
for PROJECTS
AYMAN KANDEEL
E
xisting infrastructure projects can consist of simple utilities which face designers requires the necessity of predicting and
during the expansion of an existing building or expand to a huge utilities networks correcting the status of the site so as not
which face designers when designing a complete infrastructure network for a to be a surprise during construction. One
city. Most of these designs may be based on beliefs and guesses due to the lack of of the BIM objectives is reducing the costs
complete information and documentation of those services which can serve designers in of design change and imitate changes in
the BIM model. the pre-construction phase as shown in the
below figure.
Therefore, the management of infrastructure projects based on the existence of current
utilities networks is difficult to deal with, especially in the absence of information. The So BIM if correctly implemented in
idea of solving the problem from the perspective of BIM is to document all the existing modeling the existing infrastructure can
services and give them the actual characteristics (dimensions - materials - Levels - etc.), help predicting:
which allows designers to deal with the existing utilities infrastructure an intelligent
elements and a part of the model. 1.Where are risks?
2.Changes in design before construction
phase.
3.Quantity survey and cost control
according to the existing infrastructure.
4.Achieving beneficial integration results
especially in the construction phase.
5.Achieve the correct path of the new
infrastructure utilities design to serve them
and does not conflict with the existing one.
If a building is worth
building, it worths
building twice, once
digitally during the
design process and again
physically during the
construction process.
Can designers apply BIM to existing infrastructure projects?
Project owners seeking the lowest risk possible when implementing the project, which
44 BIMarabia
A Warm
CONGRATULATIONS!
Congratulations to my older
brother,
Islam Mashtoli A clear message
Engineer-Shubra Engineering that there is hope
Moaz Abu Zeid and the defect is
Architect- Fine Arts Alexandria winner of the award in 2015
not in us. We have
winning the award of the best the ability to excel
young architect in the Middle and succeed.
East for the year 2016.
And
ISSUE No. 14 47
COMPETITION
Our mission was to spread Arabia to send articles to
science and Arabization BIMARABIA@gmail.com
because it is the path of our
leadership. Not to have been written
in the magazine in advance
So as to encourage writing and any reader of the
and in agreement with BIM magazine buys any tool can
SOFT SOLUTIONS choose one second free
once he sends a message to
We have made a free prize of bim_s_s@yahoo.com entitled
5 Tools up to a maximum
of $ 20 from the company’s
“BIMarabia”
production for those who
write a good article for BIM
BIMarabia Message
BIMarabia is a publisher of peer-reviewed, open access academic journals. We
aim to provide researchers, professors and students with up-to-date research
in BIM and its relation with Engineering Science, and to facilitate the global
exchange and review of research, ideas, and expertise among individuals in
the scientific community. Established in 2015, BIMarabia has attracted over
10000 scientists from every corner of the world. Our goal is to facilitate
the distribution and publication of scientific research all over the world.
Omar Selim
Founder | General manager
For more information, please refer to http://bimarabia.com
/ BIMarabia