PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ON

Modifiable factors
SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER
 Lifestyle/envir Non-Modifiable
Psychosocial Stressor and
onment Interpersonal Events  Gender
 Socioeconomic Stimulated by different  Age
 Alcohol factors o Male 15-25 y/o
 Smoking(X) o Female 25-35 y/o
 Substance  Family History
abuse Failure of defense
mechanism

Diminished glucose
Enlarged ventricles and
metabolism, and oxygen
cortical atrophy
in frontal cortex
Legend

Disease
Process
Decrease brain volume
Manifestations
and abnormal brain
function in frontal and
temporal lobe
Risk Factors

Malfunctioning of
transmission of electrical
impulses

Causing abnormal level or

abnormal functions of:

 Dopamine
 Serotonin
 Norepinephrine
 Acetylcholine
 Glutamate
Positive symptoms

 Ambivalence
 Associative
looseness
 Delusions
 Echopraxia Negative symptoms
separate symptoms complexes:
 Flight of ideas
 Ideas of reference  Negative  Alogia
 Perseveration  Positive  Anhedonia
 Disorganized  Cognitive  Apathy
Speech  Mood Disorder  Blunted affect
 Disorganized  Catatonia
behavior  Flat affect
 Lack of volition
 Mania Depression
 Elevated or irritable  Low mood
mood  Apathy
 Grandiosity  Changes in appetite or
 Agitation weight
 Risk-taking behavior  Disturbances in sleep
 Decreased need for  Changes in motor
sleep activity
 Poor concentration  Fatigue
 Rapid speech  Guilt or feelings of
 Racing thoughts worthlessness
 Suicidal thinking
Cognitive symptoms
 Disorganized thinking
 Slow thinking
 Difficulty understanding
 Poor concentration
 Poor memory
 Difficulty expressing thoughts
 Difficulty integrating thoughts, feelings
and behavior