Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Definition
It is the blue print of the care that the nurse designs to systematically minimize or
eliminate the identified health and nursing problem through explicitly formulated
outcomes of care (goals and objectives) and deliberately chosen set of
interventions, resources and evaluation criteria, standards, methods and tools.
Characteristics, which are Based on the Concept of Planning
as a Process:
1. The nursing care plan focuses on actions, which are designed to solve or
minimize existing problem.
The cores of the plan are the approaches, strategies, activities, methods and
materials, which the nurse hopes, will improve the problem.
2. The nursing care plan is a product of the liberate systematic process.
3. The nursing care plan as with all other plans relate to the future.
It utilizes events in the past and what is happening in the present to determine
patterns. It also projects the future scenario if the situation is not corrected.
4. The nursing care plan is based upon identified health and nursing problems.
5. The nursing care plan is a means to an end, not an end in itself.
The goal in planning is to deliver the most appropriate care to the client by
eliminating barriers to the family health development.
6. The nursing care plan is a continuous process not a one shot deal.
The results of evaluation of the plan’s effectiveness trigger another cycle of
the planning process until the health and nursing problems are eliminated.
Desirable Qualities of a Nursing Care Plan
1. It should be based on clear, explicit definition of the problem(s).
2. A good plan is realistic.
3. The nursing care plan is prepared jointly with the family.
4. The nursing care plan is most useful in written form.
Importance of Planning Care
1. They individualize care to clients.
2. The nursing care plan helps in setting priorities by providing information about
the client as well as the nature of his problem.
3. The nursing care plan promotes systematic communication among those involve
in the health care effort.
4. Continuity of care is facilitated through the use of nursing care plans.
Gaps and duplications in the services provided are minimized, if not totally
eliminated.
5. Nursing care plans facilitate the coordination of care by making known to other
members of the health team what the nurse is doing.
Steps in Developing Care Plan
1. The prioritized conditions of the problem
2. Goals and objectives of the nursing care
3. The plan of interventions
4. The plan for evaluating care
Prioritizing Health Problems
Four Criteria for Determining Priorities:
1. Nature of the condition or problem – categorized into wellness state/potential,
health threat, health deficit of foreseeable crisis.
2. Modifiability of the condition or problem-refers to the probability of success in
enhancing the wellness state improving the condition minimizing, alleviating or
totally eradicating the problem through intervention.
3. Preventive potential-refers to the nature and magnitude of future problem that can
be minimized or totally prevented if interventions are done on the condition or
problem under consideration.
4. Salience-refers to the family’s perception and evaluation of the condition or
problem in terms of seriousness and urgency of attention needed or family
readiness.
Factors Affecting Priority Setting
Nature of the problem
The biggest weight is given to the wellness state or potential because of the
premium on client’s effort or desire to sustain/maintain high level of wellness.
The same weight is given to health deficit because of its sense of clinical urgency,
which may require immediate intervention.
Foreseeable crisis is given the least weight because culture linked
variables/factors usually provide our families with adequate support to cope with
developmental or situational crisis.
Modifiability if the problem
Current knowledge, technology and interventions to enhance the wellness state or
manage the problem.
Resources of the family
Resources of the nurse
Resources of the community
Preventive potential
Gravity or severity of the problem-refers to the progress of the disease/problem
indicating extent of damage on the patient/family; also indicates prognosis,
reversibility or modifiability of the problem. In general, the more severe the
problem is, the lower is the preventive potential of the problem.
Duration of the problem-refers to the length of time the problem has existed.
Generally speaking, duration of the problem has a direct relationship to gravity;
the nature of the problem is variable that may, however, alter this relationship.
Because of this relationship to gravity of the problem, duration has also a direct
relationship to preventive potential.
Current management-refers to the presence and appropriateness of intervention
measures instituted to enhance the wellness state or remedy the problem. The
institution of appropriate intervention increases condition’s preventive potential.
Exposure of any vulnerable or high risk group-increases the preventive potential
of condition or problem
Formulation of Goals and Objectives
GOAL-is a general statement of condition or state to be brought about by specific
courses of action.
OBJECTIVE-refers to a more specific statement of the desired results or
outcomes of care. They specify the criteria by which the degree of effectiveness
of care is to be measured.
*A cardinal principle in goal setting states that goal must be set jointly with the
family. This ensures family commitment to realization.