16. Sword Play: Four. The formula again: N + 1 (with N evil wizard-vanquishers or the dragon-destroyers.

And
representing the types of ogre-fighters). If the swordsmith what good would they be in combat with an ogre?
had pulled out two or three, he might have picked one of If he took out five potions, he might wind up with three
each type. Since he had only three types of weapons, with dragon-destroyers, two evil wizard-vanquishers, and no
four he would have at least two of one type. He had three ogre-fighters. If he grabbed for six potions, they might
types of weapons and so N = 3. 3 + 1 = 4. include three dragon-destroyers, two wizard-vanquishers,
and one ogre-fighter. But if he took out seven, he would
17. Royal Dinner: Ten. Though, by chance, she might have to have at least two ogre-fighters, since only five
have taken down four matching plates, consider the pos- other potions are not ogre-fighters.
sibilities if the queen had taken down the following
number of plates: 19. Seven-League Boots: Six. Since he had only four six-
4 might have resulted in 2, 1, 1 league boots, if he took out six boots, he'd have at least one
5 might have resulted in 2, 2, 1 pair of seven-league boots.
6 might have resulted in 2, 2, 2
7 might have resulted in 3, 2, 2 20. In the Forest: Prince Benjamin. We know that Sir Kay
8 might have resulted in 3, 3, 2 shot down more than Princess Paula (statement 1), and
9 might have resulted in 3, 3, 3 that Prince Benjamin captured more than Sir Kay (state-
Only with ten, would it be inevitable that she would ment 2). Therefore, Prince Benjamin captured more than
have at least four of any one pattern: 3, 3, 4. either Sir Kay or Princess Paula.
In order to ensure matching plates, the queen had to In addition, we know that Princess Paula hit more than
bring down three extra plates, one for each pattern, for Prince Abel (statement 3). Therefore, Prince Benjamin was
each person more than two. more successful than Sir Kay, Paula or Abel.
The formula: N + 1 + N(X) (with N representing the
21. Captured!: Prince Abel's.
number of patterns or types and X representing the
number of people more than two).
The queen had three patterns of plates and so N = 3. In
addition to the king and queen, there were two guests,
and so X = 2. 3 + 1 + 3(2) = 10.
Try it and you will find that for three persons the queen
would have needed to take down seven plates, and for five
she would have had to take down 13 plates.
If her children had not been out ogre-fighting, the royal
queen might have had to mix and match!
18. Anti-Ogre Potions: Seven. If the wizard took out four
potions, he certainly would have two of the same kind, but
not necessarily the ogre-fighters. He could have two of the