Chapter II

Related Literature

Foreign

Chakravarty and Canet (1996)‟s study on „Street Foods in Calcutta‟ was based on
911 consumers of street foods and 300 street food vendors in four locations in
Kolkata namely the College Square, the Sealdah area, Dalhousie Square and the
Gariahat shopping and residential area. The study found that about 33% of the
consumers purchased foods on a daily basis and spent ` 40 to ` 400 per month on
street foods. It revealed that a sizeable number of vendors were commuters. They
often carried their wares by train, travelling distances of 25 to 30 kilometres on a
daily basis. Their daily sales amounted `1500 to `4000. Vendors worked only 10
months in a year by obtaining an income of `25000 per year. The study examined
various hazards to foods safety. The food contained bright non-permitted colours and
contained heavy metals. The water used for drinking, cooking, washing of fruits and
vegetables, dishwashing, hand washing, etc. was found to be contaminated.

Local

According to Golosino (2012), Vendors congregating to the sidewalks were

notoriously known as eyesores and obstructions. In the words of senator santiago
quoting Mayor Penalosa she said a good city is one with great sidewalks. In the
Philippines, especially in the urban areas, sidewalks lost its essence from the
perspective of the pedestrian. It was supposedly an access point for those who want
to catch time and would like to avoid traffic by means of walking. Instead, sidewalks
were transformed into a pseudo marketplace. As recourse, pedestrians resort to
walking on the road exposing them to greater risk and add to the congestions of the
street. In the other hand, Aurora Almendral (2014) believed that in a city like Manila,
where even the cheapest fast food meals can feellike a splurge for many office
workers, informal stalls with minimal overhead and cheap wares like one of the street
vendors she know fill a need and help the city run more effciently. Yet as much as
manila may need its vendors, it often doesn’t treat them well at all, imposing
burdensome regulations and limiting how they use the public space that is their
marketplace. Through years selling on streets and in alleys, the city’s community of
vendors has become savvy about how to navigate these spaces and how to enliven
them.