VIETNAM

BACKGROUND OF THE COUNTRY

OFFICIAL NAME: Socialist Republic of Vietnam

CAPITAL: Hanoi
FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Socialist Republic with One Legislative House
CURRENCY: Vietnamese Dong
RELIGION:
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: Vietnamese

FLAG:

BALLESTEROS, JOSH ANAKIN O.

TSENG, PEIYI P.
OF
HT130
 BRIEF HISTORY

The First Civilization in Vietnam was 5,000 years ago in Red River Valley, northern tribes
developed until 207 B.C but time goes by it was controlled by a Chinese Lord that established a
kingdom called “Nam Viet”. The country became a part of the Chinese Empire (111 B.C). Ngo
Quyen a Vietnamese Commander led a revolt that made the Chinese left. Other dynasties extended
their territory to the south and renamed the country “Dai Vet”. In mid- 1500s, the country was
divided into two kingdoms and they became rivals, the Trinh (North) & the Nguyen (South). The
Kingdom Trinh was defeated by a Nguyen lord in 1802, the Nguyen kingdom got a assistance or
help from the French people and renamed the country Vietnam, in 1890 the country had taken over
by France. Also during the World War II the country Japan took control of it but when the Japanese
loss and the war had ended in 1945, Vietnam was declared by Ho Chi Minh a leader of the
Vietnamese Communist Party an independent nation. There are still war in the country because of
the French people attempts to led and retake Vietnam but a Communist Vietnamese called “Viet
Minh defended it, and ended in 1945 with Communist North and Non-Communist South Vietnam
involvement. The “Viet Cong” (Communist) from the south rebelled and led to war between the
North and South in 1957. Other countries were involved in the war namely; United States, Russia,
and China. The war prolonged in 18 years from 1957 up to 1975 and the communist occupied the
capital named “Saigon” in the south.
 TOP 5 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS / DESTINATIONS

HO CHI MINH CITY

Location: City in Vietnam

Is Vietnam at its most dizzying: a high-octane city of commerce and culture that has driven the
country forward with its pulsating energy, it sits on the banks of the Saigon River 1800km from
the Northern capital of Hanoi. Ho Chi Minh is great for people who are willing to explore things
because it offers amazing adventurous activities. The city is wide awake during at night because it
has many bars and nightclubs but it also has the “War Remnants Museum” which offers the
emotionally charge history of the city.
 TOP 5 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS / DESTINATIONS

HOI AN

Location: Quang Nam Province, Vietnam

Vietnam’s central coast known for its well-preserved Ancient Town, cut through canals. This city
is known for its talented locals who can make shoes, suits, and dresses that’s why it is called the
“City of Tailors”. The city is also known for its fan fresh seafood, if you head down to the river
there are attractive restaurants and bar. There is also a Hoi An’s full-moon parties that you will not
be disappointed because every month the town shuts down and beautiful lanterns come out where
locals and tourist enjoyed the moonlight party. Also there are perfect beaches to relax during
summer period here in this city.
 TOP 5 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS / DESTINATIONS

HUE

Location: Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam

Is located on the banks of the Song Huong-Perfume River where it serves as the capital of the
Thien Hue province in central Vietnam. In this city you will find palaces, pagodas, tombs, temples,
and interesting history. Hue is also known for its many cooking schools, so if you want to learn a
unique cuisine or Vietnamese cuisine Hue is a great place. Even though it is not that big like other
cities in Vietnam it fascinates and draws tourist and locals to come and visit it.
 TOP 5 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS / DESTINATIONS

HA LONG BAY

Location: Thanh pho Ha Long, Quang Ninh, Vietnam

Is a Natural Wonder in Vietnam because it was declared as a Heritage Site in 1994. Ha Long
Bay is known for its 1600 incredible islands, it has also an amazing limestone cliffs and
hidden beaches. The best months to visit this site is from November to December, and take
the chance to swim or even dive to its crystal clear waters and also to fish in the village so
you can also hang out with the locals. Another is visiting the Ha Long Bay’s floating village
where floating raft of houses and shops is the home of more than 600 people.
 TOP 5 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS / DESTINATIONS

HANOI

Location: Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam

Last but not obviously the least; let’s go to the capital of Vietnam. Hanoi is known for its beautiful
city that blends the Eastern and Western cultures. The best thing in Hanoi is the street foods where
restaurants are located in the street-side, “Vietnamese Pho (fur)” a delicious noodle soup that
usually served with chicken or beef. It also has a museum (The Hanoi Museum) which they
preserve 50,000 artifacts of the city’s 1,000-year history.
 TOP 5 FESTIVALS / CELEBRATION

LUNAR NEW YEAR (TET HOLIDAYS)

This Event is very special for the Vietnamese people and their culture, families and neighbors
come together to welcome the New Year. The event is called “Tet Holidays, Tet Nguyen Dan”
which means “Feast of the First Morning of the First Day” The event takes place on the first night
of the new moon in the first month of the Lunar Calendar. Also it is a perfect time to take a
Vietnamese Tour for you to enjoy their festive atmosphere. The streets of Vietnam are decorated
with flags, ornaments, cumquat trees and cherry blossom. Lastly, there are many Vietnamese
Cuisines that are made traditionally during this event namely the; Savory Chung Cake, Jam Fruits
(dried), and pickled onions.
PERFUME PAGODA FESTIVAL (CHUA HUONG)

This Event is considered as the longest festival and celebration and Vietnam. It is celebrated right
after the New Year or the Tet Festival. Vietnamese people are also prayerful people. You will
witness that there are hundreds of people praying at the Huong Tich Cave in Perfume Pagoda. The
main purpose of this event is to pray for children, as well as for prosperity and wealth by touching
a gold or silver tree.
HUE FESTIVAL

Is a big cultural event of Hue City that is held every two years and a six-day celebration of the
Historical Milestones of the Province. The first Festival took place way back year 2000. The
festival begins with a grand opening with colorful and unique performances. Hue Festival is known
for showcasing their international festival culture and traditions as well as their values that is
presented to the world.
INDEPENDENCE DAY

The festival was celebrated on September 2 every year. This shows the Vietnam’s independence
from France and renamed the country “Democratic Republic of Vietnam” in 1945 at Hanoi Ba
Dinh Square. The festival usually has colorful parades, which they display their national flag. In
this festival or event Vietnam celebrated of being a National Heritage and has a culture with
patriotic country and they also showcase an amazing fireworks display in major cities.
HOI AN FESTIVAL: FULL MOON EVERY MONTH

The festival is also known as “Lantern Festival”. Lanterns are lit every night in Hoi an and candles
are placed at the bottom of colorful paper lanterns which makes this a gorgeous festival. The
Vietnamese people pay tribute to their ancestors during this festival, they will set up altars, burn
incense and fake money, offer fruit and flower for prosperity. It is also a great time to visit local
temples, watch locals playing traditional instruments, witness poetry readings, traditional theatrics
and games. This festival let tourist to engage with its rich local traditions.
 CULTURE AND TRADITION

SPORTS

FOOTBALL (SOCCER)

The most popular sport in Vietnam.

WRESTLING

One of the most popular traditional Vietnamese sports.

Was often held in Spring Festivals in Tet.

VOVINAM

Was invented by Nguyen Loc in 1936.

It involves the use of the hands, elbows, legs, knees and weapons such as swords, knives,
chisels, claws and fans.

BOAT RACING

Annually held in lunar January 2nd.

It express gratitude to the Water God, wishing a peaceful new year with abundant
harvests.

TUG OF WAR

Both sport and folk game

It is a competition between two teams who each pulls at opposite end of a rope until one
team drags the other over a central line.

COW RACING

It is often held on the 15th of the 10th month according to Khmer calendar
CLOTHING

AO DAI

The traditional Vietnamese dress is known as the Ao Dai. It is a long silk tunic with a conventional
looking snug collar and is buttoned down on the left side. The male tunic falls to the knees and is
generally worn with loose pants underneath. For women, it is designed to be tight around the waist.
With matching long high-waist trousers which is a floor-length as well.

CUISINE

PHO

BUN CHA

GRILLED PORK (NHIT NUONG)

BEEF ON RICE NOODLES (BUN BO NAM BO)

PORK ON THICK NOODLES (CAO LAU)

FLAG CARRIER: VIETNAM AIRLINES

The airline's history is traced to January 1956 when the Vietnam Civil Aviation was created by the
North Vietnamese government. The airline developed until the end of the Vietnam War, and its
initial international destination was Beijing and then Vientiane in 1976. The airline subsequently
expanded its pool of destinations to include Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, Hong Kong, Singapore, and
Manila.

FLAG HISTORY

In the 18th century, the Vietnam Flag was one of the original flags that was adopted by Emperor
Gia Long. It has a very simple design but it has deep meaning behind it. The gold five-pointed star
symbolizes the five groups of workers in the building of socialism (intellectuals, peasants, soldiers,
workers and youths), while the red symbolizes bloodshed, and the revolutionary struggle.

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