ENGINEERING AWARDS 2017
GOLD
MINCONSULT SDN BHD
AWARD OF
SPECIAL MERIT
Coastal Protection Works at Teluk Lipat, Dungun, Terengganu
Every year, the coastline at Teluk Lipat in Dungun, Terengganu experiences severe coastal erosion. This
has led to the loss of recreational beach areas and threatening to damage the coastal infrastructure and
adjacent properties. In view of this, the East Coast Economic Region Development Council (ECERDC)
appointed Minconsult Sdn Bhd to carry out studies and design works for remedial coastal protection.
The works included the following:
s ! HYDRAULIC STUDY TO DETERMINE THE CAUSES OF THIS COASTAL EROSION AND PROPOSE A CONCEPTUAL COASTAL
protection scheme that met key objectives of the study. The coastline stretches from Sungai Dungun
to Sungai Sura, covering a distance of 9.7km.
s 0RELIMINARY DESIGN FOR COASTAL PROTECTION IN THE 3TUDY !REA
s 0REPARATION OF A PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
AFTER
s $ETAILED DESIGN AND PREPARATION FOR COASTAL PROTECTION ON A KM LENGTH OF THIS COASTLINE
SO
CALLED
BEFORE
#RITICAL :ONE
WHERE THE MOST SEVERE EROSION WAS OBSERVED
BEFORE AFTER
The Client requirements of the project were as follows:
s 4O ESTABLISH THE CAUSES OF EROSION
s 4O DEVELOP SOLUTIONS TO REHABILITATE THE BEACH AS A RECREATIONAL AREA AND PREVENT FURTHER EROSION
These solutions shall be:
a. Sustainable during the construction and operational phases. BEFORE
AFTER
b. Enhance the quality of the beach for existing beach users including the local fishing community.
C #OMPLY WITH THE $UNGUN 4OURISM -ASTER 0LAN IN PARTICULAR THE #RITICAL :ONE WHERE THE BEACH SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT TO THE COMMUNITY & SIGNIFICANCE OF
fronts was planned as a tourist development. ENGINEERING SOLUTION, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL CONSIDERATION
s 4O MINIMISE THE IMPACT OF THE PROJECTS COASTAL PROTECTION WORKS ON ADJACENT AND NEARBY AREAS To resolve the severe coastal erosion, hydraulic modelling on various schemes such as groyne, breakwater,
BEACH NOURISHMENT AND DO
NOTHING AS WELL WERE CARRIED OUT AND ASSESSED 4HE MOST VIABLE SCHEME TO
s 4O MINIMISE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED COASTAL PROTECTION WORKS resolve the erosion and to meet the client requirements was to construct three (3) artificial headlands
s 4O PROVIDE PROTECTION TO THE INFRASTRUCTURE AND INTEGRITY OF NEARSHORE STRUCTURES together with beach nourishments between the headlands.
The artificial headlands and beach nourishment were designed and resulted in:
ORIGINALITY, INNOVATION AND QUALITY OF ENGINEERING
The completed project has resolved the annual complicated erosion problem by applying simple s !LLOWING SOME SAND BY PAST THE STRUCTURES TO REDUCE RISK OF INCREASES IN BEACH WIDTH TO THE NORTH OF
engineering solution in the protected area creating a stable wide beach whilst maintaining the overall the protection and significant reduction in erosion to the south of the protection was minimized.
coastal landscape. This together with the area on the headlands can be used by local communities and local s ! HIGH QUALITY STABLE BEACH TO BE CREATED BETWEEN THE HEADLANDS FOR TOURISM
authorities. Main source of sand dredged from Sg. Dungun river mouth has also eased the maneuverability
limitation of fishing boats. s 4HE HEADLAND AREAS BEING CONVERTED TO RECREATIONAL AREAS AND TO HOLD EVENTS BY AUTHORITIES AND LOCAL
communities. Overall the works has enhanced the availability of the coastline for this type of use.
The main challenge faced in this project was the need to complete individual headlands before the NE
monsoon started. s %NHANCING THE STABILITY AND QUALITY OF THE BEACH AS A TOURIST SPOT
This project is the first large scale use of artificial headlands together with beach nourishments being VALUE TO THE PROFESSION AT LARGE
CONSTRUCTED IN -ALAYSIA AND REQUIRED M OF ROCKS AND M OF SAND
The success of this project can help to catalyze widespread adoption of similar coastal protection tailored
to the local conditions as an effective coastal project to protect any development/infrastructure along the
CONSIDERATION OF MAINTAINABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY shoreline from the severe erosion whilst maintaining existing uses of the beach.
The protection scheme was designed to require minimal maintenance. This was achieved by: This concept for coastal protection has significant advantages over construction of revetments in this type
s 4HE REVETMENT DESIGN METHOD WAS BASED ON AN ESTABLISHED METHOD OF CALCULATION USING 6AN $ER of location. The conventional practical of using shoreline parallel with rock revetment protection often
-EERS FORMULA TOGETHER WITH A DETAILED ASSESSMENT OF EXTREME DESIGN WAVE AND WATER LEVELS BASED leads to a loss of the beach in front of revetment.
ON A
YEAR RETURN PERIOD EVENT In general, Malaysia has a long coastal stretch, many engineers and local contractors will be interested to
s %XTENSIVE TESTINGS OF ROCK USED IN THE HEADLANDS STRUCTURES WERE CONDUCTED IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE DESIGN partake in such design because it enhances the uses of the alongside its primary aim of protection.
life span.
MEETING CLIENTS’ NEEDS AND BUDGET
s 5SING BEACH NOURISHMENT TO REDUCE THE DElCIT OF SAND TRANSPORT WHICH ULTIMATELY REDUCED EROSION TO
the south area. The construction was completed 3 months ahead of the scheduled completion date despite the construction
period including three year end NE monsoon. The completed artificial headlands and beach nourishments
The round shape, size and distance between the headlands.
have been tested and withstood the required levels without requiring any remedial works. No rocks have
been displaced and there has been minimal sand loss from between the headlands.
ENGINEERING AWARDS 2017
GOLD
T Y LIN INTERNATIONAL SDN BHD
AWARD OF
SPECIAL MERIT
IB Tower
This development is located along Jalan Binjai, Kuala Lumpur with GPS coordinates of 3.159060N,
101.718526E. It consists of a 60-storey building with 4 basements and a 5-storey podium located behind
the tower block.
Generally, the superstructure is divided into three sections, a lower section of 29 office floors, a mid section
of 17 serviced apartments floors and topping up with 2 levels of penthouse office floors. Sandwiched
between these sections are the plant room floors, sky lobby and restaurant.
The IB Tower was carefully planned, coordinated and crafted from the onset of the project, from preliminary
studies to detailed design and analysis until contract implementation and construction. In the process, due
consideration was given to the client’s requirement and the architect’s, Foster + Partners’ originality and
innovative concept without compromising on the cost and constructability of the project. Sustainability
was also a key component during the project implementation, with the building eventually achieving the
coveted Green Mark Goldplus rating as well as the local Green Building Index (GBI) certification.
Working alongside Foster + Partners, the international studio for architecture, planning and design founded
by Lord Norman Forster, was a great opportunity to explore new ideas and challenges.
Of all the unique features highlighted in this report, the biggest challenge was the design of the diagonal
exoskeleton frames, which is one of the main features of IB Tower. Besides being the primary structural
elements, they also express the prominent aesthetic feature for this iconic building.
The success of this project was based on the collective team effort of all the consultants and contractor
working together to achieve both the client’s and the architect’s intention and requirements.
The subsoil classification at the site is generally of Kenny Hill formation. It consists of layers of hard to
very hard sandy silt and sand layers.
For the tower, the floor loads from the building are brought down to the foundation through the cores and A wind tunnel testing using the force balance model was carried out by CPP and the results showed that
6 main tower columns. The foundation for the tower is supported by a piled raft foundation of varying the building satisfies the stability and deflection requirements as well as human comfort levels based the
thicknesses of 4200/3500mm to 2800mm in combination with bored pile sizes of 2200mm diameter and recommendations of relevant international codes.
1000/1200mm thick barrette piles. As for the podium, bored piles of varying sizes from 900 to 1800mm
A summary of the project team and their respective roles is shown in the table below.
diameter were utilized.
ITEM DESCRIPTION
The depth of the barrette piles is approximately 45m below the cut off level and for the bored piles, the
depth ranges from 22 to 46m below the cut off level depending on the size of the bored pile. PROJECT NAME IB TOWER
CLIENT IB TOWER SDN BHD
The retaining system is of diaphragm wall construction with a general thickness of 600mm. A semi top ROLE OF THE FIRM TYLIN INTERNATIONAL SDN BHD IS THE CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEER
down construction was adopted utilizing the basement ring slab as horizontal strutting. NAMES OF OTHER CONSULTANTS PROJECT COORDINATOR PLENITUDE BUILDERS SDN BHD
INVOLVED AND THEIR ROLES
For the basement structure, a predominantly flat slab system with column drops was adopted with column DESIGN ARCHITECT FOSTER +PARTNERS
spacing generally between 8.0 to 10.5m centres to maximize the ceiling height.
LOCAL ARCHITECT SA ARCHITECTS SDN BHD
The office floors as well as the apartment floors in the tower are uniquely supported by a series of diagonal
mega exoskeleton frames, which serve as the main transfer structural element for different vertical segments M&E ENGINEER JURUTERA PERUNDING VALDUN SDN BHD
of the building. The mega frames are of post-tensioned concrete with size of 1800mm width by 2500mm
depth. Apart from acting as a vertical load transfer structural element, the combination of the diagonal QUANTITY SURVEYOR DAVID LANGDON & SEAH (MALAYSIA) SDN
BHD
mega exoskeleton frames also act as a vertical truss, which increases the building stiffness in terms of
lateral stability. ENERGY & SUSTAINABLE DESIGN G ENERGY SDN BHD
CONSULTANT
As for the tower office floor structure, reinforced concrete beam and slab system was adopted. A similar
structural layout was also adopted for the service apartment floors. The typical beam size is 900mm by WIND TUNNEL CONSULTANT CPP WIND ENGINERING & AIR QUALITY
700mm with a slab thickness of 175mm. At localised floors where long span structure was encountered, CONSULTANTS
post tensioned beams were adopted. FAÇADE & BMU CONSULTANT
MEINHADT FAÇADE TECHNOLOGY (S) PTE
There are also some unique hanging steel structures at the high atrium spaces above the ground floor and LTD
Level 37. A post-tensioned beam and slab system was adopted for the podium carpark.
MAIN CONTRACTORS SUBSTRUCTURE GEOPANCAR SDN BHD (GPC)
The lateral stability of this building of approximately 274 meters height is provided by a combination of
SUPERSTRUCTURE DAEWOO ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION
the centre core wall, framed action of the floor beams and columns which is further enhanced by having
(DEC)
the external diagonal exoskeleton frame.
ENGINEERING AWARDS 2017
GOLD
ANGKASA CONSULTING SERVICES SDN BHD
AWARD OF
SPECIAL MERIT
Projek Pembesaran Empangan Mengkuang, Pulau Pinang – Pembinaan
Empangan dan Kerja-kerja Berkaitan
Mengkuang Dam Expansion Project, Pulau Pinang – Construction of the Dam and Associated Works A value management plan implemented for the project to identify candidates for design optimization,
completed in April 2017, features a 45 m high and 2 km long embankment dam and raising 11 m in height evaluation of alternative solutions, anticipated risks and problems encountered during implementation or
the existing dam embankment of 1 km long. execution stage in terms of contractual, technical and financial due to design changes.
The Mengkuang Dam stands as a successful example of managing the challenges in delivering a key The approach adopted by the Consultant involved integration of risk management and value management
water source development project. This project involves construction of a new dam and heightening in an interactive manner and working together in achieving clients’ and stakeholders’ requirements.
of the existing dam. It is a large scale civil engineering project with multi-stakeholders and complex
involving technical, environmental and social issues and risks of construction. The challenges facing the Risk management was integrated with value management to reduce the risk to an acceptable level without
construction of the project is significant. Engineering solutions have to overcome the physical constrain, compromising the functionality and safety standards of the project. Value Management alone cannot
cost and time overrun. achieve good results or produce solution effectively without Risk Management. Willingness of supervision
consultant to carry out design changes and to assume professional liability are necessary for the success
The completion of Mengkuang Dam Expansion Project enhances the sustainability of raw water supply to of the value management plan. The iterative process led to a well informed decision, better design, easier
Sg Dua Water Treatment Plant, which supplies about 80% of potable water demand in Pulau Pinang. The to construct, cost and time saving.
new reservoir storage is 3.3 times larger than existing dam with active storage of 73.5MCM.
The integration of risk assessment and value engineering in the decision making process has produced
The formulation of framework for risk management and implemented strategies has mitigated potential a better project outcome (both in quality and cost) and final product. The approach adopted has led to
construction risks and future operation risk of the project. The risk assessment conducted has assisted an overall project cost savings of RM150 million, which is 24.8% of the original contract price, RM 607
the decision making process of determining what is the acceptable level of risk and which option provides million. It also significantly reduced the environmental and social impacts due to the construction works
the most suitable risk reduction measure. A three tiers approach was adopted for the risk assessment of especially there is no need of import materials for dam construction.
the project. The process involves several phases, namely : risk identification, risk estimation, risk aversion,
and risk management.
Workshop was conducted to deliberate on some 50 odd risk factors identified. Various risk categories
covering technical, environmental, legal, contractual and financial risks were assessed.
ENGINEERING AWARDS 2017
SILVER
MINCONSULT SDN BHD
AWARD OF
MERIT
Kelana Jaya LRT Line Extension - Guideway Envelope
It is the nation’s first Spatial Structure envelope, an engineered Aesthetic Treatment solution for the
Guideway Viaduct on the Kelana Jaya LRT extension project.
It is a unique and distinctive engineering solution specifically designed to overcome a series of challenges
on this key public transport project.
Key features of The Kelana Jaya Line Extension Guideway Envelope:
s 5NIQUE GEOMETRY M IN LENGTH
– Double helix formation
SMOOTH SPINE CURVE IN $ SPACE
s 3TEEL FRAME SHAPE 4HE SIGNIlCANCE OF THE PROJECT TO THE #OMMUNITY CAN BE SUMMARIZED AS FOLLOWS
n 3EMI
CIRCULAR 4OP HALF 3EMI
ELLIPSE "OTTOM HALF
� Aesthetic Improvement,
s 3TEEL MEMBERS n #IRCULAR (OLLOW 3ECTIONS #(3
� Sound reduction,
s %4&% %THYLENE 4ETRA
&LUORO
ETHYLENE COVERS
� 6ISUAL 3ECURITY n 0ROTECTS PRIVACY AND COMFORT FOR NEARBY RESIDENTS
– Durable lightweight material
� -INIMISED #OMMUTING 4IME
s ,OCATED IN BETWEEN THE BUILDINGS OF 3AUJANA RESIDENCY AND %MPIRE 'ALLERY
� )NTEGRATED 4OWNSHIP INTO 2AILWAY .ETWORK
s #OMPLETED BY TH *UNE
� 0ERMITTED #ONNECTIVITY BETWEEN ,24 +4- SERVICES
This project started as a late requirement post completion of the initial guideway alignment design which � 0ERMITTED !LIGNMENT TO TIGHTLY CONSTRAINED SPACE
brought about severe project time constraints. The first key challenge was time itself followed by the
� /VERCOME NEGATIVE PERCEPTION
equally critical overall architectural concept which required a complex and irregular geometry within a
constrained location. This Guideway Envelope has enabled the optimization of this LRT alignment thus resulting in many
positive implications in terms of both environment and social considerations. The alignment distance is
Iterations of mathematical computations were designed and carried out to produce the structural geometry now shorter leading to faster travel time, lower operational costs, less energy consumption, less material
to ensure sufficient clearances for not only the adjacent external buildings but also for the train dynamic usage, lower construction costs, minimized land acquisitions, minimized changes to existing planning
envelope, sound barrier, piers and varying soffit of the guideway viaduct. PERMISSIONS AND IMPROVED PERCEPTION OF PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS -OREOVER THE RIGHTS OF THE COMMUNITY
)N ADDITION THE USE OF #OMPUTATIONAL &LUID $YNAMICS #&$ ANALYSIS WAS USED AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO OTHER and commuters have been better protected with these outcomes. In addition, the Guideway Envelope has
more commonly used analysis methods for the purpose of assessing the wind loading characteristics brought a distinctive aesthetic feature to the project and the community alongside its purpose of providing
on the overall structural system - to overcome the exceptionally tight project timelines and to deliver an privacy and comfort.
optimized structure that met the architectural design and aesthetic requirements well within the client’s A new benchmark has been set with this Aesthetic Guideway Envelope. It is an engineered solution by
allocated time and budget. which a viable option is enabled for future public transport systems where there are proximity challenges
During construction, close liaison and monitoring was carried out with the steel specialist contractor, – particularly in dense communities by means of the positive attributes the Envelope brings to the overall
6ICTOR "UYCK TO ENSURE AND ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF ENGINEERING $UE ATTENTION AND DETAILED CONSIDERATIONS environment with very minimal negatives.
were well taken care of before work proceeded onto the much constrained site leading to timely scheduled All in all, this has proved to be an innovative solution that allowed LRT alignment to come very close to
project completion. neighbouring buildings and mitigated initial public concerns besides receiving praise from the community
Work highlights: for making an aesthetic feature and proud landmark that serves the purpose of key requirements, including
client’s needs and budget, architectural concept and allocated project completion time frame.
s 0RE
CONSTRUCTION ")- #LASH !NALYSIS
s /FF SITE AT
FACTORY MANUFACTURING
s #OMPUTER .UMERICAL #ONTROL #.# MACHINERY FOR STEEL FABRICATION
s -OCK UP TRIAL lT PRIOR TO SITE ASSEMBLY
s 5SE OF *ACKING 4OWER FOR STRUCTURE ERECTION
#ONSIDERATION OF -AINTANABILITY !ND 3USTAINABILITY WERE CONSIDERED AS FOLLOWS
s )NNOVATIVE USE OR ARCH SHAPE n CONTROLLED DEmECTION LESS MATERIALS USAGE
s 5SE OF %4&% %THYLENE 4ETRA
&LUORO
ETHYLENE COVERS n SELF CLEANING WITH MINIMAL POWER USAGE
s 7EATHER RESISTANT PAINT n MINIMIZED REPAINTING
s $IRECT ALIGNMENT n LESS ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENGINEERING AWARDS 2017
BRONZE
KONSORTIUM BUMI CONSULTANTS
AWARD OF
COMMENDATION
AND SERVICES SDN BHD
Projek Bekalan Elektrik Luar Bandar (BELB) Sistem Mikro 4HE ,ONG "ANGA -ICRO (YDRO WAS SUCCESSFULLY TESTED AND COMMISSIONED IN *ANUARY 3INCE THEN THE
Hidro di Long Banga, Baram, Sarawak HYDRO HAS BEEN RUNNING HOURS A DAY EVEN AT THE DRIEST SEASON IN 3ARAWAK 4HE FORMER $EPUTY #HIEF
-INISTER $ATUK 0ATINGGI 4AN 3RI $R !LFRED *ABU .UMPANG WAS SO PLEASED AND PROPOSED AN ADDITIONAL
s -IKRO (IDRO $I ,ONG "ANGA 3ARAWAK BUDGET TO UPGRADE THE EXISTING ,ONG "ANGA -ICRO (YDRO 3YSTEM 4HE NEW UPGRADING SCHEMES WAS APPROVED
s #LIENT +EMENTERIAN ,UAR "ANDAR $AN 7ILLAYAH ++,7 BY THE 0RIME -INISTER AND WAS DESIGNED TO SUPPLY ELECTRICITY TO FOUR NEIGHBOURING VILLAGES NAMELY ,ONG
s #ONSULTANTS +ONSORTIUM "UMI #ONSULTANTS 3ERVICES 3DN "HD 0ELUAN ,ONG "ERUANG ,ONG ,AMEI A 0ENAN 6ILLAGE ,ONG "ALONG SCHOOLS AROUND THE AREAS AND THE
s -AIN #ONTRACTOR %0# 3YNERGY 3DN "HD )NTEGRATED (IGHLAND !GRICULTURE 2ESEARCH #ENTRE
s #ONTRACT 3UM 2-
#URRENTLY THERE ARE TWO HYDRO TURBINES AT ,ONG "ANGA 4HEY ARE MANUALLY OPERATED AND REQUIRE OPERATORS
s 3ITE 0OSESSION $ATE ST $ECEMBER
TO CHARGE THE HYDRAULIC ACCUMULATORS BEFORE THEY CAN BE POWERED UP 4HE SYSTEM IS DESIGNED FOR ONE
s #OMPLETION $ATE ST -AY HYDRO TURBINE TO OPERATE AT ANY ONE TIME )N PHASE TWO THE EXISTING TURBINES ARE MODIlED TO PERMIT PARALLEL
s $EFECT ,IABILITY 0ERIOD -ONTHS OPERATION WITH EACH OTHER AND OTHER GENERATORS 4WO HYDRO TURBINES WHICH HAVE THE ABILITY TO RUN IN PARALLEL
AND POSSESS THE CAPABILITY TO START UP ON BATTERY POWER WILL BE ADDED 5NIT 5NIT 4HE DIESEL STATION
(OW IT WORKS WILL BE UPGRADED TO THREE UNITS AND ARE CAPABLE OF RUNNING TOGETHER 0HASE THE EXISTING MICRO HYDRO
s @2UN
OF
RIVER MEANING THEY DO NOT REQUIRE LARGE DAMS TO STORE WATER BUT SYSTEM USES THE EXISTING CONTROL PANEL WHILE PHASE TWO HAS A NEW SEPARATE CONTROL PANEL
s 2EQUIRES WATER
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
4HE -ICRO
HYDRO PROJECT IN RURAL AREAS PROMISES MANY BENElTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT (EALTH AND SOCIAL
s 4HE POWER AVAILABLE IN A RIVER OR STREAM DEPENDS ON THE RATE AT WHICH THE WATER mOWS AND THE HEIGHT
BURDENS OF TRADITIONAL FUELS IS LESSENED AND THIS EVENTUALLY LEADS TO MORE ECONOMIC BENElTS FROM THE USE
HEAD FROM WHICH IT FALLS
OF ELECTRICITY IN PRODUCTIVE APPLICATIONS SUCH AS IRRIGATION CROP PROCESSING AND FOOD PRESERVATION 4HIS
s (YDRO SCHEMES ARE CLASSIlED BY THE POWER OUTPUT WHICH THEY PRODUCE AS APPROXIMATELY PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO BRING CHANGE TO REMOTE AREAS IN 3ARAWAK AND 3ABAH WHERE CONVENTIONAL METHOD OF
,ARGE SCALE -7 AND ABOVE POWER GENERATION IS DEEMED UNVIABLE
-INI K7 TO -7
-ICRO K7 TO K7
0ICO LESS THAN K7 NEVERTHELESS THE BASIC APPROACH IS SIMILAR IN ALL TYPES
4HE DREAM OF HAVING ELECTRICITY HOURS A DAY lNALLY CAME TRUE FOR THE 3ABAN AND ,EPO +E +ENYAH
COMMUNITY OF ,ONG "ANGA WITH THE LAUNCH OF h02/*%+ "%+!,!. %,%+42)+ ,5!2 "!.$!2 "%,"
3)34%- -)+2/ ()$2/ $) ,/.' "!.'! 3!2!7!+v BY 4HE 'OVERNMENT OF -ALAYSIA UNDER THE &EDERAL
-INISTRY OF 2URAL AND 2EGIONAL $EVELOPMENT
,OCATED IN THE REMOTE AREAS OF -ARUDI 3ARAWAK ,ONG "ANGA IS THE HOME OF THE h/RANG 5LUv COMMUNITY
NAMELY THE 3ABAN +ELABIT +ENYAH DAN 0ENAN 4HE -ICRO
HYDRO SCHEME OPENED UP THE OPPORTUNITY TO
EXPERIENCE HOURS ELECTRICITY SUPPLY FOR THE lRST TIME EVER TO THE PEOPLE OF ,ONG "ANGA 0RIOR TO THAT
THEY DEPENDED ON DIESEL GENERATOR SETS AS THEIR SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY FOR TELEVISION COMMUNICATION AND
LIGHTS IN THEIR HOMES SCHOOLS CLINICS AND COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
0OWER SUPPLY FROM -ICRO (YDRO ENABLES THE COMMUNITY TO ENJOY THE SIMPLE DELIGHTS OF HAVING REFRIGERATORS
AND SMALL MACHINERIES TO RUN SMALL BUSINESSES )T OPENS UP EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND ENCOURAGE
LOCAL YOUTHS TO STAY IN THEIR VILLAGES INSTEAD OF MIGRATING TO URBAN AREAS IN SEARCH OF WORK OPPORTUNITIES
4HE MAJOR BENElT OF THE -ICRO (YDRO IS THE REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND POLLUTION FROM
FOSSIL FUELS SUCH AS KEROSENE AND DIESELS 5NLIKE (YDRO DAMS CAREFULLY DESIGNED -ICRO (YDRO REQUIRES
SMALL AMOUNT OF WATER FROM RIVERS OR STREAMS 4HEY HAVE A SMALL STORAGE VOLUME AND RETURN WATER A SHORT
DISTANT DOWNSTREAM THUS MINIMISING IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT 3EVERAL SMALL HYDRO SYSTEMS HAVE LESSER
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT THAN A SINGLE LARGE HYDRO SCHEME THAT SUPPLIES THE SAME POWER
