1-7

Which writer

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

Takes a similar view to writer A on studies of popular culture?

Differs from the others on what causes popular culture to arise?

Shares writer B´s opinion on the significance of popular culture?

Has a different opinion from the others on the impact of popular culture on young people?

Shares writer C´s opinion on the significance of popular culture?

Believes that the media exaggerates the importance of popular culture?

Remarks on the inconstancy of popular culture?

 6

Section A
variety

cause

place
 PART 4

May Day is now most commonly associated as a 1) A proposal

B commemoration
C form
of the achievements of the labour movement. The holiday may also be known as Labour Day or
2) A International Worker's Day
B International Labour´s Day
C International May Day
and is marked with a public holiday in over 80 countries.
The 1 May date is used because in 1884 the American Federation of Organized Trades and Labor
Unions demanded an eight-hour workday, to come in effect as of 1 May 1886. This resulted in the
general strike and the Haymarket Riot of 1886, but eventually also in the official sanction of the
eight-hour workday.

1 May is celebrated as May Day in most countries around the world. In the United
Kingdom and Ireland the bank holiday isn't fixed on May 1st, but instead is observed on the first
Monday of May.
Curiously (given the origin of the 1 May date), the United States celebrates Labor Day on the first
Monday of 3) A November
B July
C September
(1 May is Loyalty Day, a legal but not widely recognized holiday in the United States).

In the 20th century, the holiday received the official endorsement of the Soviet Union.
Celebrations in communist countries during the Cold War era often consisted of large military
parades with the latest weaponry being exhibited as well as shows of common people in support
of the government.

Labour Day is an annual holiday to celebrate the achievements of workers. Labour Day has its
origins in the labour union 4) A movement
B change
C holiday
specifically the eight-hour day movement, which advocated eight hours for work, eight hours for
recreation, and eight hours for rest.
For most countries, Labour Day is synonymous with, or linked with, International Workers' Day,
which occurs on 5) A 3 May.
B 2 May
C 1 May
For other countries, Labour Day is celebrated on a different date, often one with special
significance for the labour movement in that country.
In Canada and the United States, Labour Day is celebrated on the first Monday of September and
considered the unofficial end of summer, with summer vacations ending and students returning to
school around then.
The form for the celebration of Labor Day was outlined in the first proposal for the holiday: A
street 6) A battle
B parade
C traffic
to exhibit to the public "the strength and esprit de corps of the trade and labor
organizations", followed by a festival for the workers and their friends and families. This became
the pattern for Labor Day celebrations. Speeches by prominent men and women were introduced
later, as more emphasis was placed upon the civil significance of the holiday.