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5 Proof
5 Proof
ForClassDiscussionsOnly/Teacher/ArmandoLTan/AssociateProfessor/
DepartmentOfPhilosophy/SillimanUniversity
1. Write the number before each statement (as we have done above)
and symbolize them. 2. Write the last premise and the conclusion
on one line. 3. You may draw a horizontal line separating the
premises from the proofs.
Symbolically we have
1. O>-M
2. O
3. B)-N
4. B
5. (-M.-N)>F
6. (B.F)>G / G
------------------
1. O>-M
2. O
3. B>-N
4. B
5. (-M.-N)>F
6. (B.F)>G / G
--------------------
7. -M 1,2 MP
8. -N 3,4 MP
9. -M.-N 7,8 CJ
10. F 5,9 MP 11. B.F 4,10 CJ 12. G 6,11 MP
As you can see, these are not arguments (unlike the inference
rules) but logically equivalent expressions. Their role in proof
construction is to replace (hence replacement) and thereby sim-
plify statements so that proofs can be provided using the usual
inference rules. The rule of replacement states that "any logical
ly equivalent expressions may replace each other whenever they
occur”(Copi/Cohen, 1990:304).
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