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    Prasanjeet Tyagi
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    REVISION ENVIRONMENT 1 BY SHIV SIR.pdf

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    32 views4 pages

    Revision Environment 1 by Shiv Sir PDF

    Uploaded by

    Prasanjeet Tyagi

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 4

    UPPCS PRE-2019

    f”ko lj ds ekxZn”kZu esa

    DAY 1

    ,d dne lQyrk dh vksj


    VkWfid %& i`Foh dh mRifRr] vk;q rFkk HkwxfHkZd bfrgkl

    SHIV KR. SINGH copyright@bypcscracker 1


    i;kZoj.k ,oa ikfjfLFkfrdh % Hkkx&1
    • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ¼Ecosystem½
    • bdksykWth ¼ikfjfLFkfrdh½ leLr “kCn dk iz;ksx lcls igys ,0th0
    thoksa rFkk HkkSfrd i;kZoj.k ds e/; VkUlys us 1935 bZ0 esa fd;kA
    varlZEcU/kksa ,oa fofHkUu thoksa ds • thokse ;k ck;kse ds vUrxZr lHkh
    chp ikjLifjd varlZaca/kksa dks O;Dr thoksa dk lewg] ouLifr ;k izk.kh
    djrk gSA dk lfEefyr :i esa ,d bdkbZ ds
    • bdksykWth nks “kCnksa ^vksbdksl* :i esas v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
    ¼Oikos½ vFkkZr~ & ^jgus dk LFkku* • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds thoksa ds
    ,oa ^yksxksl* ¼Logos½ vFkkZr~& fo”ks’k lewg dks bdksfud dgrs gSaA
    ^v/;;u* ls feydj cuk gSA • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ,d [kqyk ra=
    • bdksykWth “kCn dk loZizFke iz;ksx gksrk gS] ftlesa ÅtkZ rFkk inkFkkZas
    ^vULVZ gSdsy* }kjk 1869 bZ0 esa dk fu;fer fuos”k ,oa cfgxZeu
    fd;k x;kA gksrk gSA
    • ikfjfLFkdhfon~ QzsMfjd Dyhes.V~l • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa lkSj ÅtkZ
    us ikfjfLFkfrdh dks leqnk; dk lcls egRoiw.kZ gksrk gSA
    foKku dgk gSA • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa ÅtkZ dk
    • pkYlZ ,YVu us ikfjfLFkfrdh dks izokg ,dfn”kh; gksrk gSA
    oSKkfud izkd`frd bfrgkl ds :i • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dk CySd ckWDl
    esa ifjHkkf’kr fd;k gSA ekWMy ds lanHkZ esa v/;;u fd;k
    • LoikfjfLFkfrdh ds vUrxZr fdlh tkrk gSA
    fuf”pr ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa inkFkkZas dk
    ,dkdh tkfr ,oa mlds i;kZoj.k xeu pØh; :i esa lEikfnr gksrk
    ds lkFk varlZaca/kksa dk v/;;u gSA
    fd;k tkrk gSA
    • og eaMy] tgk¡ nks fofHkUu
    • leqnk; ikfjfLFkfrdh ikfjfLFkfrd ra=ks]a fo”ks’k :i ls
    ¼Synecology½ ds vUrxZr fdlh ikni leqnk; okys nks fofHkUu
    [kkl ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa thoksa ds ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=ksa dk vkil esa
    lewg vFkok ouLifr leqnk; ds laØe.k gksrk gS] ^bdksDykbu*
    tfVy varlZaca/kksa dk v/;;u fd;k dgykrk gSA
    tkrk gSA
    • e`rthoh ¼Saprophyte½ ;s e`r
    • leqnk; ikfjfLFkfrdh ds v/;;u ikS/kksa rFkk tUrqvksa ls izkIr tSfod
    ds fy, tSfod leqnk; ^v/;;u ;kSfxdksa dks ?kksy ds :i esa xzg.k
    dh bdkbZ* gksrk gSA djds ftUnk jgrs gSaA
    • nks fHkUu leqnk;ksa ds chp dk • izk.khlaHkksth vius eq[k }kjk vkgkj
    laØkafr {ks= bdksVksu dgykrk gSA xzg.k djrs gSaA

    SHIV KR. SINGH copyright@bypcscracker 2


    • izdk”k la”ys’k.k dh fØ;k esa dkcZu • vi?kVd ;k fo;kstd dks
    MkbZvkWDlkbM dk vip;u rFkk lQkbZdrkZ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
    ty dk mip;u gksrk gSA • inkFkkZas ds lapj.k] pØ.k ,oa
    • ldy izkFkfed mRiknu& iks’k.k iqu%pØ.k dh izfØ;k dks tSo
    Lrj&1 esa Lrjiksf’kr ikS/kksa }kjk Hkw&jklk;fud pØ dgrs gSaA
    mRiUu jklk;fud ÅtkZ dh ldy • xzh’edky esa “khrdky dh vis{kk
    ek=k dks ldy izkFkfed mRiknu ldy izkFkfed mRikndrk vf/kd
    dgk tkrk gSA gksrh gSA
    • iks’k.k Lrj&1 esa lafpr ÅtkZ dks • fyaMeSu dk 10 izfr”kr dk fu;e&
    “kq) izkFkfed mRiknu dgrs gSaA bl fu;e ds vuqlkj tc ge
    • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa ldy iks’k.k Lrj&1 ls iks’k.k Lrj&2 dh
    mRikndrk dks xzke izfr oxZ ehVj rjQ c<+rs gSa] rks ÅtkZ dh ek=k
    izfrfnu ;k izfro’kZ esa ekirs gSaA esa /khjs&/khjs deh gksrh gSA okLro
    • izfr {ks= bdkbZ esa thfor inkFkkZas esa ,d iks’k.k Lrj ls nwljs iks’k.k
    ds ldy Hkkj dks ck;ksekl dgrs Lrj esa ek= 10 izfr”kr ÅtkZ gh
    gSaA LFkkukUrfjr gksrh gSA
    • leLr i`Foh dh “kq) izkFkfed • vkgkj J`[a kyk] fuEu iks’k.k Lrj ls
    mRikndrk 320 xzke izfr oxZehVj mPp iks’k.k Lrjksa esa ÅtkZ ds
    izfro’kZ gSA LFkkukUrj.k rFkk xeu dk ,d
    • m’.kdfVca/kh; o’kkZ ou] nyny J`a[kykc) Øe gksrk gSA
    ,oa ,”pqvjh dh “kq) izkFkfed • vkgkj J`a[kyk ftruh gh NksVh
    mRikndrk 2000 xzke izfr oxZ gksxh] miyC/k ÅtkZ mruh gh
    ehVj izfro’kZ gSA vf/kd gksxhA
    • [kqys lkxjksa dh “kq) izkFkfed • fofHkUu ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=ksa dh
    mRikndrk 125 xzke izfr oxZehVj [kk| J`a[kyk,¡ ijLij feydj
    izfro’kZ gSA vkgkjtky cukrh gSaA
    • ikfjfLFkfrdh; foKkuksa dk dsUnz • vkgkj J`a[kyk esa iks’k.k Lrj&1 ls
    csaxyq: esa gSA c<+rs iks’k.k Lrjksa ds lkFk tkfr;ksa
    • Hkkjrh; oU; izk.kh laLFkku dh la[;k esa deh gksrh gSA
    nsgjknwu esa gSA • iks’k.k Lrj&1 ls izkjEHk gksdj
    • fgeky;h i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl dk c<+rs iks’k.k Lrjksa ds lkFk ldy
    xksfoUn oYyHk iar laLFkku vYeksM+k ck;ksekl essa izxkeh gzkl gksrk tkrk
    esa gSA gSA
    • jk’Vªh; i;kZoj.k bathfu;fjax “kks/k • vkgkj J`a[kyk esa la[;k fijkfeM
    laLFkku ukxiqj esa gSA mYVk o lh/kk nksuksa izdkj dk gks
    ldrk gSA

    SHIV KR. SINGH copyright@bypcscracker 3


    • ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa vkgkj J`a[kyk
    esa ÅtkZ fijkfeM lnSo lh/kk gksrk
    gSA
    • tSoHkkj vFkok ck;ksekl fijkfeM
    mYVk o lh/kk nksuksa izdkj dk gks
    ldrk gSA
    egRoiw.kZ iz”u
    iz”u %& pkj.k vkgkj Ja`[kyk ds vk/kkj
    esa tho gksrs gSa&
    ¼d½ mRiknd ¼[k½ “kkdkgkjh
    ¼x½ ek¡lkgkjh ¼?k½ vi?kVd

    SHIV KR. SINGH copyright@bypcscracker 4

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