PRACH Root Sequence Planning

1. . Zadoff-Chu Sequence length=839 in LTE.

2. Every Cell needs 64 preambles.
3. To generate the needed 64 preamble for each cell, we use cyclic shift(CS):
4. We need a larger CS for a larger cell radius, since the larger the cell radius, the longer the
transmission delay
5. From 4, we need more root sequences to generate the needed 64 preambles for a
larger cell radius.
6. But too many root sequences used in a cell is not good because sequences obtained
from cyclic shifts of different ZC sequences are not orthogonal.
7. Each cell, then must have a different RootSequenceIndex to avoid the reception of false
preambles in adjacent eNodeBs.
PrachCS and rootSeqIndex

o PrachCS defines the number of cyclic shifts

(in terms of number of samples) used to
generate multiple preamble sequences
from a single root sequence
o Example based on PrachCS=12 -> number
of cyclic shifts: 119
• Root sequence length is 839 so a cyclic shift of
119 samples allows ROUNDDOWN
(839/119)= 7 cyclic shifts before making a
complete rotation (signatures per root
sequence)
o 64 preambles are transmitted in the
PRACH frame. If one root is not enough to
generate all 64 preambles then more root
sequences are necessary
• To ensure having 64 preamble sequences
within the cell it is necessary to have
ROUNDUP (64/7)= 10 root sequences per cell

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 Parameters Related To RSI

Allowed Range -
Parameter Name Engineering unit recomned values Parameter Description

parameter used to calculate cyclic shifts

NCs Configuration(Zero of the root Zadoff-chu sequence in the
correlationZone config) 0 to 15 12 cell

TRUE -high Defines the use of restricted set of cyclic

Speed , Fasle shifts of the Zadoof chu root sequence
High speed flag other wise FALSE used for high speed moving UE

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ALU Algorithm –RootSequenceIndex

 LA6.0.1, rootSequenceIndex (or RSI) is only derived from

rootSequenceIndex when bit 24 of LteCell::spare4 is set to ‘0’.

 When bit 24 of LteCell::spare4 is set to ‘1’, the RSI is derived

automatically as follows

 RSI = C1 + mod(floor(PCI/3)×N, C2),

 Also note that if auto RSI is used (i.e. bit 24 of LteCell::spare4

is set to ‘1’),
 parameter rootSequenceIndex will not be synched up with
the actual RSI value
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ALU Parameter list

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3GPP –Allocation of sequence