BAIRSTOW

METHOD

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MEMBERS OF GROUP

I Made Pendi Adi Merta [2311100033]

Reka Erdanto [2311100075]

Sam Matahari [2311100134]

Bahang Surya [2312106005]

Maghvirah Januarty [2312106016]

Nurdina Bestari [2312106018]

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Definitions
Bairstow method is a method to find all
the roots of polynomial equations by
determine quadratic factors. Polynomial
equation is written as follows:
Pn( x)  a1 x n  a2 x n 1  ...  an  1

If x2-rx-s is quadratic factor which we want

to find,, so:
Pn ( x)  a1 x n  a 2 x n 1  ...  an  1
 ( x 2  rx  s )(b1 x n  2  b2 x n 3  ...  bn 1 )  bn ( x  r )  bn 1

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Bairstow Method

If x2 - rx - s a1 = b 1 b1 = a 1
quadratic factor a2 = b2 – rb1 b2 = a2 + rb1
that is correct ,
a3 = b3 – rb2 – sb1 b3 = a3 + rb2 + sb1
then bn = 0 and :
: :
bn+1= 0 . :
Relationship bn = an + rbn-1 + sbn-2
an = bn – rbn-1 – sb1
bn+1 = an+1 + rbn + sbn-1
between ai and bi an+1 = bn+1 – rbn – sbn-1
can be done with
multiplication and bn and bn +1 is a function of r and s where bn
= 0 dan bn+1 = 0
identity :

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How to use Bairstow Method?
Choose a value n
bn.cof initial
bn  approach
1.cn  2
r S,
 then select
Step
R and the value of 1
tolerance (cn  1) 2  cn.cn  2

Determine b(i) and c(i) as below: Step

b1 = a1 c1 = b1 2
b2 = a2 – rb1 c2 = b2 + rc1
b3 = a3 – rb2 – sb1 c3 = b3 + rc2 + sc1
: :
: :
bn = an – rbn-1 – sbn-2 cn = bn + rcn-1 + scn-2
bn+1 = an+1 – rbn – sbn-1 cn+1 = bn+1 + rcn + scn-1

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How to use Bairstow Method?
 bn.cn  bn  1.cn  2
Determine:
r 
Step
DENOM=(c -1) 2-c *c 3
(cn  1)  cn.cn  2
n 2 n n-2

If DENOM = 0, we can set R = R+1; Step

S=S+1, then back to the step 2. 4
But, if DENOM #0,
so we can continue to the step 5

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How to use Bairstow Method?

We can found the new value of Δr and Δs

this equation:

 bn.cn  bn  1.cn  2
r  Step
(cn  1) 2  cn.cn  2 5

 bn  1.cn  1  bn.cn
Step s  Found
5 (cn  1)  cn.cn  2
2 new
value

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How to use Bairstow Method?
After Δrand cn obtain,
bn.Δs bn  1.we
cn can
2
r  Step
found value
(cnof 1r*  cs*
) 2and n.cn  2
6
r* = r + Δr
s* = s + Δs
Step
7
If {|Δr|} + {|Δs|} <= toleration,
calculation must be stopped and last
value of R and S is the final value of R
and S. But, if {|Δr|} + {|Δs|} >=
toleration, so we must determine b(i)
and c(i)

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EXAMPLE
X3 -6X2 +11X-6=0 ; Toleration= 0,05
solving method:
1. chosen the value of r & s r=0 & s=0
2. Interation
Interation 1
1 -6 11 -6
r=0 0 0 0
s=0 0 0 ai
1 -6 11 -6
bn bn-1 +
bi
r=0 0 0 0
s=0 0 0
1 -6 11 -6
+ ci
cn-2 cn-1 cn

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EXAMPLE
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EXAMPLE
Interation 2
1 -6 11 -6 ai
r=2.4 2.4-8.64 13.824
s=3.4 3.4 -12.24
+
1 -3.6 5.76 -4.416 bi
bn bn-1

r=2.4 2.4 -2.88 15.072

s=3.4 3.4 -4.08
1 -1.2 6.28 6.576 ci
cn-1 cn cn+1

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EXAMPLE
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EXAMPLE
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EXAMPLE

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