Quick Start Lessons

The purpose of this chapter is to provide step-by-step lessons to get you familiar with
some of the features and capabilities of SewerCAD V8i. The lessons serve as a means
to get you started exploring and using the software. We have included sample files
located in your Samples directory (under the main product directory) for you to
explore and experiment with. If you need help, press F1 (or right click) to access the
context sensitive on-line help.

In order to follow these tutorials, you can either do them in sequence, since each tuto-
rial uses the results of the previous ones, or start lesson 2, 3, 4, and 5 with the files
located in the Lessons directory.

Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

SewerCAD V8i is an extremely efficient tool for laying out a sanitary sewer model. It
is easy to prepare a schematic model and let SewerCAD V8i take care of the link-node
connectivity.

You do not need to be concerned with assigning labels to pipes and nodes, because
SewerCAD V8i will handle this internally. When creating a scaled drawing, pipe
lengths are automatically calculated from the position of the pipes' start and stop
nodes on the drawing pane. Since this example is a schematic (not scaled) layout, you
will need to enter the pipe lengths.
Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

In this lesson we will layout and analyze the following schematic network.

Part 1 - Creating a New Schematic Project File

1. Start SewerCAD V8i Stand-Alone. If the Welcome to SewerCAD V8i dialog

appears, click the Create New Project button. If it does not appear, choose New
from the File pull-down menu. Enter a file name such as 'Lesson.stsw' for your
project and click Save.
2. Enter information about the project in the project propeties dialog (optional). To
access Project Properties click the File menu and select Project properties. In this
dialog you can enter a Title, Filename, Engineer’s name, Company name, date,
and descriptive notes. When you are finished click OK.
 Quick Start Lessons

3. Choose your desired project options. To access project Options click the Tools
menu and select Options.
Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

4. Click the Drawing tab in the Options dialog. The Drawing Mode should be set to
Schematic.
 Quick Start Lessons

5. For this project we will use metric units. Click the Units tab. Change the Default
Unit System for New project value to SI. Click the OK button to accept the rest of
the default project options.

6. To draw the skeletonized sewer network shown previously, click the Layout tool
in the Layout toolbar and select Conduit from the submenu that appears.

7. Move the cursor onto the drawing space and click once to place a manhole to
represent the manhole labeled MH-1.
8. Right-click and select Wet Well from the context menu. Move the cursor to the
approximate location of the wet well, W-1, and click once to place it.
Wet wells represent the transition point between the gravity system and the pres-
sure system. Similarly, manholes and transitions can represent the transition from
a pressure system to the gravity system. Conduits are used to connect gravity
Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

elements, while Pressure Pipes are used to connect pressure elements. W-1 marks
the transition between the gravity and pressure systems; the rest of the elements in
the network will be connected using Pressure Pipes.
9. Right-click and select Pressure pipe. Right-click again and select Pump. Place
PMP-1.
10. Place the pressure junction and the outfall by right clicking, selecting the appro-
priate element from the context menu, and then clicking once to place each
element.
11. Place manhole MH-2. Right-click and select Transition from the context menu.
SewerCAD V8i allows you to split any pipe in two. To insert the Transition, click
the middle of pipe CO-1. A dialog will pop up asking whether you wish to split
the pipe. Click Yes.

12. Right-click and select Done from the pop-up menu to terminate the pipe layout
command. Click T-1 and drag it into position so your network matches the layout
shown below. Change the labels of the three conduits to match the layout below.
This can be done by right-clicking on a conduit and selecting Properties. Then, in
the Label field, change the labels to match those shown below.

Part 2 - Entering Data

Element data can be entered in any of the following ways:

 Quick Start Lessons

• Properties Editor—You can use the Select tool and double-click an element to
bring up its Properties editor. In AutoCAD, click the element once with the Select
tool to open the element’s editor.
• FlexTables—You can use FlexTables to bring up dynamic tables that allow you to
edit and display the model data in a tabular format. You can edit the data as you
would in a spreadsheet.
• Alternative Editors—Alternatives are used to enter data for different “What If?”
situations used in Scenario Management.
• User Data Extensions—The User Data Extensions feature allows you to import
and export element data directly from XML files.

Entering Data Through the Properties Editor

To access an element’s dialog box in SewerCAD V8i mode, double-click the element.
In AutoCAD, first click the Select tool on the toolbar, then click the element whose
attributes you wish to modify.

1. Double-click the outfall, O-1. Enter the data including ground elevation, rim
elevation, and sump elevation as outlined in the following outfall Data table.
Change the label to match the model schematic as necessary. If the Set Rim to
Ground Elevation box is checked, SewerCAD V8i will automatically set the rim
elevation to the ground elevation. Finally, select Free Outfall from the Tailwater
Conditions menu.
Table 2-1: Outfall Input Data

Label Elevation Elevation Elevation Boundary

(Ground) (Rim) (m) (Invert) (m) Condition
(m) Type

O-1 16 16 14 Free Outfall

2. Enter the data for the manholes, transition, and wet well as outlined in the
Manhole data, Transition data, and Wet Well data tables below. Select Standard
from the list of available headloss methods in the Headloss Method field. Then
enter the headloss coefficient for each structure.
Table 2-2: Manhole Input Data

Label Elevation Elevation Elevation Diameter Headloss Headloss

(Ground) (Rim) (m) (Invert) (mm) Method Coefficien
(m) (m) t

MH-1 11.1 11.1 9 1000 Standard 0.25

MH-2 11.1 11.1 9 1000 Standard 0.25

Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

Table 2-3: Transition Input Data

Label Elevation Elevation Elevation Transition Headloss Headloss

(Ground) (Top)(m) (Invert) Length Method Coefficie
(m) (m) (m) nt

T-1 12 11 9.2 1 Standard 0.5

Table 2-4: Wet Well Input Dialog

Label Elevation Elevation Elevation Elevation Section Diameter Elevation

(Base) (Minimu (Initial) (Maximu (m) (Ground)
(m) m) (m) (m) m) (m) (m)

W-1 6 6 8 10 Circular 3 10.5

3. Pump curves are defined in the Pump Definitions dialog. Click the Components
menu and select Pump Definitions.
 Quick Start Lessons

4. In the Pump Definitions dialog, click the New button. Change the label of the
newly created definition to PMP-1. Change the Pump Definition Type to “Stan-
dard (3-point)”. Right-click the Flow column and select units and Formatting.
Change the unit to m3/s. Enter the following values: Close the Pump Definitions
Table 2-5: Pump Definition

Flow (m3/s) Head (m)

Shutoff 0.00 53.33

Design 0.25 40

Max 0.5 0.00

Operating

dialog.
5. Double-click PMP-1 to enter data in the Properties editor. Enter the following
data:
Table 2-6: Pump Input Data

Label Elevation Elevation Pump

(Ground) (Invert) (m) Definition
(m)

PMP-1 7.8 7.8 PMP-1

Note that the pump has an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe to define the
direction. The downstream pipe is indicated in the Downstream Link field of the
Properties editor. If the pump is going in the wrong direction, click the Reverse
command in this field to switch it. In this example the downstream link should be
P-2.
6. Enter an Elevation of 13m and Elevation (Ground) of 14.2m for Pressure Junction
J-1.

Entering Data Through FlexTables

Often it is more convenient to enter data for similar elements into a tabular form rather
than to individually click every element, enter the data into the dialog, and then click
the next element.

1. Double-click CO-1 and change the Set Invert to Start and Set Invert to Stop fields
to False. Change the Has User Defined length? field value to True. Repeat for CO-
2 and CO-3. This will allow you to change these values in the Flextable.
2. To access the FlexTables click the View menu and select FlexTables.
 Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

3. In the Flextables manager dialog double-click Conduit table under the Tables-
Predefined category. Enter data as you would into a spreadsheet. The yellow fields
are not editable and the white fields are. For each of the three conduits enter the
upstream and downstream inverts, the section size, the section type, and the pipe
material as outlined in the Conduit Input Data table below. Leave other data to
default values. The conduits may not be in alphanumeric order in the table. To
sort the table by pipe label, right-click the Label column heading. Select Sort >
Ascending from the pop-up menu that appears. Use the data in the table below to
enter input data:
Table 2-7: Conduit Input Data

Label Invert (Start) Invert (Stop) Conduit Conduit Manning’s n Diameter Length
(m) (m) Shape Material (mm) (User
Defined)
(m)

CO-1 10 9.5 Circular Concrete 0.013 200 100

Pipe

CO-2 9.5 9.1 Circular Concrete 0.013 200 70

Pipe

CO-3 10 9.5 Circular Concrete 0.013 200 100

Pipe

4. In the FlexTable Manager double-click the Pressure Pipe Table.

5. There are two things to keep in mind when entering information about pressure
pipes. First, invert elevations are calculated based on the elevations of upstream
and downstream nodes, so they are already pre-entered. Invert elevations are only
editable if the upstream or downstream node is a wet well or a gravity node.
Secondly, all pressure pipes in SewerCAD V8i are circular, so only a diameter is
entered. Enter the data from the table below, then close the Pressure Pipe Input
table.
Table 2-8: Pressure Pipe Input Data

Label Invert (Start) Invert (Stop) Length Diameter Material

(m) (m) (User (mm)
Defined) (m)

P-1 6 7.8 1 200 Ductile iron

P-2 7.8 13 200 200 Ductile iron

P-3 13 14 100 200 Ductile iron

 Quick Start Lessons

6. Double-click CO-1 to open the Properties editor. Change Has User Defined
Length? to True. Enter a value of 100 m in the Length (User Defined) field.
Repeat this process for conduits CO-2 and CO-3, as well as pressure pipes P-1, P-
2, and P-3 using the length values as specified in Tables 3-7 and 3-8.

Entering Infiltration Data for Gravity Pipes

To account for infiltration into the conduit CO-1, double-click CO-1. Change the Infil-
tration Load Type to Link Length. Change the Infiltration Loading Unit to m. Change
the Infiltration Rate per Loading Unit to 0.25. Repeat for P-2 and P-3 using the data in
the following table:

Table 2-9: Conduit Infiltration Data

Label Infiltration Infiltration Infiltration

Type Loading Rate per
Unit Loading
Unit (L/d)

CO-1 Link Length m 0.25

CO-2 Link Length m 0.05

CO-3 Link Length m 0.03

Steady State Loading

In SewerCAD V8i, loading is categorized as either a sanitary load or a wet weather
load. Sanitary (dry weather) loads occur independent of the weather, such as waste-
water from a subdivision. Wet weather loads such as pipe infiltration and inflow at
nodes are directly related to the rainfall in the area. This part of the lesson deals with
sanitary loads.

SewerCAD V8i defines loads by Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather) Load and the Loading
Unit Count. The Unit Load represents the amount of load per a given unit. For
example, in average income housing, each resident contributes 280 L/d to the sanitary
sewer. The Loading Unit Count would be the number of units. Say 40 residents live in
a subdivision of average income housing. The total load would be the Unit Load
multiplied by the Loading Unit Count. Thus, the total load is 40 residents * 280 (L/d)/
resident which equals 11,200 L/d.
Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

Loads can be applied to manholes, wet wells, and pressure junctions. Unit sanitary
loads are defined in the Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather) Loads dialog and then assigned
to individual nodes in the Sanitary Load Control Center.

1. Click the Components menu and select Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather) Loads.

2. There are a number of predefined unit loads in the Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather)
Load Engineering Library. Click the Synchronization Options button and select
Import from Library.

3. Expand the Unit Sanitary (dry Weather) Load Library and the Unit Sanitary (Dry
Weather) Loads.xml nodes. Check the following boxes, then click Select.:
 Quick Start Lessons

– Apartment
– Home (Average)
– Home (Better)
– Hotel (Residential)
– Resort
– School (Medium)
– Shopping Center Per Employee
– Theater
Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

4. Note that the new loads are created and the Population Unit and Unit Load fields
are filled in with the imported data. Close the Unit Sanitary (Dry Weather) Loads
dialog.

5. Now that the unit loads have been defined, we can assign them to the nodes in the
model. Click the Tools menu and select Sanitary Load Control Center.

6. On the Manhole tab click the new button and select Initialize Unit Loads for All
Elements.
 Quick Start Lessons

7. For MH-1, select Apartment in the Unit Sanitary Load menu. Enter 2,000 in the
Loading Unit Count column. For MH-2 select Resort in the Unit Sanitary Load
menu and enter 2,000 in the Loading Unit Count column.

8. Highlight the MH-1 row, click the New button, and select Add Unit Load to
Element (MH-1). Select Home (Average) in the Unit Sanitary Load menu. Enter
3,000 in the Loading Unit Count column. Assign Unit loads to the rest of the
elements using the data in the following table:
Table 2-10: Sanitary Load Assignments

Label Unit Sanitary Loading Unit

Load Count

MH-1 Home (Better) 2,000

MH-2 Hotel (Residential) 1,000

W-1 Theater 200

W-1 Shopping Center Per 60

Employee

J-1 School (Medium) 500

9. Close the Sanitary Control Center dialog.

Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

Extreme Flow Factors

After all loads have been applied you can specify how those average loads relate to the
peak load. Extreme flows are defined in the Extreme Flows dialog and then applied to
the loads in the model through the Extreme Flow Setups dialog.

1. Click the Components menu and select Extreme Flows.

2. In the Extreme Flows dialog, click the New button and select Equation-Population
Factor.

3. Rename the factor to Babbitt. Change the Population Unit in Equation to Capita x
103. Fill in the rest of the fields using the data below:
– Cutoff Value: 5.000
– c1: 0.000
– c2: 5.000
– c3: 0.000
– e1: 1.000
– e2: 0.200
 Quick Start Lessons

– m1: 0.000
– m2: 1.000

4. Close the Extreme Flows dialog. Click the Components menu and select Extreme
Flow Setups. In the Extreme Flow Setup dialog you specify which Extreme Flow
method is applied and any associated constants and adjustment multipliers.

5. Click the New button. Rename the setup Base Extreme Flow Setup.
Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

6. To apply an extreme flow method to a unit load check the associated Use box to
make the other fields editable. Right-click the Use column and select Global Edit.
In the Global Edit dialog put a check in the Value box and click OK.
7. Right-click the Extreme Flow Method column and select Global Edit. Change the
Value field to Babbitt and click OK.

8. Close the Extreme Flow Setups dialog

9. In calculation options, pick the Extreme Flow Setup you would like to use from
the drop down list of Extreme Flow Setups.
 Quick Start Lessons

Part 3- Calculating the Model

1. Click the Analysis menu and select Calculation Options. Double-click Base
Calculation Options. The Properties editor will display the settings used by this
calculation option.
2. Make sure the Time Analysis Type is set to Steady-State and that the Calculation
Type is set to Analysis.

3. Choose Base Extreme Flow Setup from the Extreme Flow Setups menu.
4. Close the Calculation Options dialog.

5. Click the Validate button to catch any data input errors.

6. Click the Compute button.

Lesson 1 - Creating a Schematic Network

7. The Detailed Calculation Summary appears.

8. Although Convergence was achieved and the calculation was completed success-
fully, the yellow indicator in the bottom left shows that warnings were generated.
These warnings can be viewed in the User Notifications manager. Click the Anal-
ysis menu and select User Notifications.
9. You can double-click a warning in the User Notifications manager to zoom to the
element that generated the warning.

10. Close the user Notifications dialog.

 Quick Start Lessons

Lesson 2 - Automatic Design

This lesson will illustrate how SewerCAD V8i can automatically design all or parts of
the gravity portion of a sanitary sewer system within the design constraints set by the
user. After specifying parameters such as lengths, ground elevations, and boundary
conditions, SewerCAD V8i will work to find a satisfactory design. In this lesson, we
will use this feature to develop a new design to replace the undersized sanitary sewer
system created in Lesson 1.

This lesson is based on the project created in Lesson 1. If you have not completed
Lesson 1, open the Lesson2.stsw project located in the Bentley\SewerCAD8\\Lessons
directory.

Note: If you're using a 64-bit operating system, the folder path will be
C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons.

Part 1: Specifying Design Constraints

SewerCAD V8i requires parameters by which to measure the validity of a possible

design. These parameters, or design constraints, can either be set locally for each indi-
vidual element or they can be entered as default design constraints.
Lesson 2 - Automatic Design

Default design constraints are specified in the Default Design Constraints dialog.

1. Click the Components menu and select Default Design Constraints.

2. On the Gravity Pipe tab, enter the minimum and maximum flow velocities, slopes,
and covers that the newly designed pipe's characteristics should fall between in
the Velocity, Cover, and Slope tabs respectively. These values are listed in the
table below.
Table 2-11: Design Constraint Data

Minimum Maximum

Velocity 0.60 m/s 4.00 m/s

Cover 0.70 m 4.00 m

Slope 0.005 m/m 0.10 m/m

You could further hone the design with the Extended Design features on the right
side of the dialog by checking the box for one or more of the three extended
design criteria in their tabs and entering a constraining value to have SewerCAD
V8i utilize the feature.
3. Click the Node tab to set constraints for gravity structures. Set the Pipe Matching
constraint to Inverts and the Matchline Offset to 0.0 m. From this, SewerCAD
V8i knows to set the inverts of the incoming pipe at the same elevation as the
invert of the outgoing pipe for the same structure. Click Close to exit the dialog.
 Quick Start Lessons

4. Consider that the downstream invert of conduit CO-2, entering into the wet well,
W-1, is at a known elevation and should not be adjusted by SewerCAD V8i's auto-
matic design process. In this situation, you can locally specify that SewerCAD
V8i not design the downstream invert of CO-2. Double-click CO-2 to open the
Properties editor for that element. Change the value of the Design Stop Invert?
field to False.
If you were to set the Specify Local Pipe Constraints? field to True, you would
then be able to fill in pipe design constraints specific to the currently highlighted
element.
5. When designing gravity pipes, SewerCAD V8i will choose from among only the
pipes that are specified as available for design in the Conduit Catalog. Click the
Components menu and select Conduit Catalog.

6. A large number of predefined pipes are stored in the Conduit Engineering Library.
Click the Synchronization Options button and select Import from library. Expand
the Conduit Catalog and Conduits Library - Metric.xml nodes.
Lesson 2 - Automatic Design

7. Check the box next to Circular - Concrete to import all of the defined concrete
circular conduits. Click the Select button.

8. The Conduit Catalog is now populated with the imported conduits. Note that the
Available for Design? box is checked for each of them, indicating that SewerCAD
V8i can consider these conduits as replacements for the existing ones during the
Design run. Close the Conduit Catalog.
 Quick Start Lessons

Part 2: Design

To run an automatic design the Calculation Type calculation option must be changed
from Analysis to Design.

1. Click the Analysis menu and select Calculation Options. Highlight Base Calcula-
tion Options. The Properties editor will display the settings used by this calcula-
tion option. Change the Calculation Type to Design.

2. Close the Calculation Options manager.

3. Click the Compute button.

4. A prompt appears, asking whether you would like to create a new Physical alter-
native to capture any modifications made by the design run.

Alternatives are groups of data that describe a specific part of your model such as
physical data, loading data, and infiltration data. Alternatives will be discussed
further in Lesson 3. By clicking Yes, the model remembers the initial design as
well as the new design for the sake of comparison. In this case click No and allow
the model to overwrite the current physical alternative.
5. Close the Detailed Calculation Summary dialog.
6. Note that SewerCAD V8i has replaced the 200mm pipes for CO-1, CO-2, and
CO-3 with larger diameter ones.
7. Save the project before proceeding to the next lesson.

This lesson introduced one possible application of the automatic design feature. This
is a powerful tool that will save you time and effort. Spend some time to learn more
about this feature by experimenting with the software, and if you have any questions
press the F1 key to access our context sensitive on-line help. See Lesson 3 for more
information on SewerCAD V8i's scenario management feature.
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

One of SewerCAD V8i's many powerful and versatile project tools is Scenario
Management. Scenarios allow you to calculate multiple "What If?" situations in a
single project file. You may wish to try several designs and compare the results, or
analyze an existing system using several different loading possibilities and compare
the resulting profiles. A scenario consists of a group of alternatives, which are groups
of actual model data. Both scenarios and alternatives are based on a parent/child rela-
tionship where child scenarios and alternatives inherit data from the parent scenarios
and alternatives.

In this lesson we will use Scenario Management to set up the scenarios needed to test
four "What If?" situations for the purpose of analyzing a new sanitary sewer system
design. At the end of the lesson, we will compare all of the results using the Scenario
Comparison tool.

Part 1 - Opening the Project File

For this lesson we will use the system designed in Lesson 2. Click the Open Existing
File button in the Welcome dialog, or select File / Open from the pull-down menus to
bring up the Open Project File dialog. Open the project you saved from Lesson 2, or
find Lesson3.stsw in the Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons directory.

Note: If you're using a 64-bit operating system, the folder path will be
C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons.

In Lesson 2 we designed the gravity portion of this system using the automatic design
tool. In this lesson, we will use scenario management to model different force main
designs.

Part 2 - Creating Alternatives

First, we need to set up the required data sets (alternatives). An alternative is a group
of data describing a specific part of the model. There are fifteen alternatives:

• Active Topology
• User Data Extensions
• Physical
• Boundary Condition
• Initial Settings
• Hydrology
• Output
 Quick Start Lessons

• Infiltration and Inflow

• Rainfall Runoff
• Water Quality
• Sanitary Loading
• Headloss
• Operational
• Design
• System Flows

In this example, we need to set up a different physical alternative for each design trial
we want to evaluate. Each physical alternative will contain different pressure pipe
data.

1. Click the Analysis menu and select Alternatives to open the Alternatives manager.
Expand the Physical Alternative node.
In SewerCAD V8i, we create families of alternatives. There are parent alterna-
tives (base alternatives) and there are child alternatives. A child alternative
inherits data from its parent. You can, however, override data inherited from the
parent, making it local to the child.
2. Currently, there is only one Physical Alternative listed. The Base Physical alter-
native contains the properties for the current undersized force mains. We would
like to add a child of the Base-Physical alternative so we can inherit most of the
data but change only the properties that we want to modify. Right-click the Base
Physical alternative and select New > Child Alternative. Rename the new alterna-
tive to have a descriptive name such as "Larger Pressure Pipes".
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

3. Double-click the Larger Pressure Pipes alternative to open the Physical alternative
editor. Note that not all element types shown are used in SewerCAD.

4. Select the Pressure Pipe tab at the top of the dialog. Notice the legend at the
bottom describing the check boxes. It indicates that all of our data is inherited. If
you change any piece of data, the check box will automatically become checked
because that record is now local to this alternative and not inherited from the
parent. Set up this design trial by making the changes shown in the table below.
Click Close to exit the Physical Alternative Editor and return to the Alternatives
manager.
Table 2-12: Pressure Pipe Alternative Data

Change To:
From:

Diameter Diameter
(mm) (mm)

P-1 200 300

P-2 200 300

P-3 200 300

 Quick Start Lessons

5. Next, we will add another physical alternative for another design trial. Right-click
the Base Physical alternative and select New > Child Alternative. Rename the
new alternative to Smaller Pump. Double-click the Smaller Pump Alternative to
open the alternative editor.

6. Select the Pump tab. For this trial, we will leave the existing system the same but
with a different size pump. To change the pump curve click the ellipsis (...) button
in the Pump Definition field.
7. In the Pump Definition dialog click the New button. Rename the new definition
Smaller Pump. Change the Pump Definition Type to "Standard (3 Point)". Enter
the pump data using the following information:
Table 2-13: Smaller Pump Alternative Data

Change From: To:

Discharge Head (m) Discharge Head (m)

(m3/s) (m3/s)

Shutoff 0.00 53.33 0.00 48.00

Design 0.25 40.00 0.20 35.00

Max 0.50 0.00 0.40 0.00

Operating
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

8. Close the Pump Definition dialog. In the alternative editor, change the Pump Defi-
nition to Smaller Pump. Close the alternative editor.
 Quick Start Lessons

9. Last, we will add a Physical alternative that combines the first two design trials in
the same alternative for a third design trial. Right-click the Larger Pressure Pipes
alternative and select New > Child Alternative. Rename the new alternative to
Larger P-3. Double click Larger P-3 to open the alternative editor.

10. Click the Pressure Pipe tab. As a child alternative, this alternative has inherited the
new pressure pipe data that we entered in the Larger Pressure Pipes alternative.
Change the diameter of P-3 from 300 mm to 400 mm. Close the alternative editor.
11. You now have four Physical Properties alternatives. The base alternative contains
the existing system's data, while the other three contain several changes for
different design trials. However, the rest of the data is the same. Close the Alter-
natives manager.

We must now create the scenarios that will contain the Physical Properties alternatives
we just created.
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

Part 3 - Editing Base Scenarios

1. Click the Analysis menu and select Scenarios to open the Scenarios manager.
2. There is always a default Base scenario that is comprised of the fifteen base alter-
natives, currently listed in the Properties editor.

Only the Base is available initially, because we have not created any new
scenarios. Alternatives are the building blocks of a scenario. A scenario is a group
of the fifteen alternatives and all of the calculation information needed to solve a
model.
For our example, if we wish to analyze the three different design trials for the
pressure pipe portion of our system, we must create a new scenario for each of the
Physical Properties alternatives we created.
3. The first step in this process is to rename the Base scenario to a more appropriate
name and set the correct calculation options. Select Base Scenario, click the
Rename button, and type Existing System as the new name for the Base scenario.
4. Click the Analysis menu and select Calculation Options. Highlight Base Calcula-
tion Options. In the Properties editor, change the Calculation Type from Design to
Analysis. Close the Calculation Options dialog.
 Quick Start Lessons

Part 4 - Creating Child Scenarios

The last step in setting up our scenarios is to create child scenarios. The new child
scenarios will contain the Physical Properties alternatives created earlier.

1. Highlight the base scenario entitled Existing System and click the New button,
then select Child Scenario. Rename the new scenario Design Trial #1.
Scenarios work in families just like alternatives, except scenarios do not inherit
data directly. A scenario is a group of alternatives, so a child scenario will inherit
the parent's alternatives. To change the new scenario you need to change one or
more of the alternatives.
Our new child scenario initially consists of the same alternatives as its parent
scenario. We want to set the Physical Properties alternative to the first alternative
we created, Larger Pressure Pipes.
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

2. With Design trial #1 highlighted in the Scenario manager, change the Physical
alternative to Larger Pressure Pipes in the Properties editor.

3. Making sure that the Existing System scenario is highlighted, create two more
child scenarios, one using the Smaller Pump Physical alternative, and one using
the Larger P-3 Physical alternative. Name these new child scenarios Design Trial
#2 and Design trial #3, respectively.
 Quick Start Lessons

Now we have four scenarios. The base scenario is our existing system. Each
child scenario contains a different physical alternative. The first design trial
resizes the pressure pipes, the second design trial resizes the pump, and the third
design trial considers a different combination of pipe sizes. In the next part of the
lesson we will calculate them.

Part 5 - Calculate and Compare

We are going to calculate all of the scenarios at the same time using the Batch Run
feature.

1. In the Scenarios manager click the drop down button attached to the Compute
Scenario button and select Batch Run.
2. In the Batch Run dialog, click the Select button and choose Select All.

3. Click the Batch button. In the confirmation prompt that appears click Yes. When
the Completed batch run... message appears click OK.
4. The current scenario is indicated by the red checkmark in the Scenarios manager
and in the Current Scenario menu of the Scenarios toolbar:

5. You can see results for individual elements for the current scenario in the Proper-
ties editor. You can compare results across scenarios by annotating them. Close
the Scenarios manager. Click the view menu and select Element Symbology.
Lesson 3 - Scenario Management

6. In the Element Symbology manager, right-click on Pressure Pipe and select New,
then select Annotation from the context menu. In the Field name menu, select
Velocity. In the Prefix field type Vel: . Click OK.

7. The calculated velocity is now displayed for all pressure pipes.

 Quick Start Lessons

Change the current scenario and note how the values change.

8. Save this project before proceeding to Lesson 4.

Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

An important feature in all modeling software is the ability to present results clearly.
This lesson outlines several of SewerCAD V8i's reporting features, including:

• Reports - Displays and prints values for any or all elements in the system.
• Element Annotation - Dynamically presents the values of user-selected variables
on the drawing.
• Profiles - Graphically shows how HGL and elevation vary throughout the gravity
portions of the sanitary sewer.
• Color Coding - Assigns colors to values for a variable and applies them to the
appropriate locations on the plan view for a quick diagnostic on how the system is
working.
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

Part 1 - Reports

For this lesson we will use the system designed in Lesson 3.

1. Click the Open Existing File button in the Welcome dialog, or select File / Open
from the pull-down menus to bring up the Open Project File dialog. Open the
project you saved from Lesson 3, or find Lesson4.stsw in the
Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons directory.

Note: If you're using a 64-bit operating system, the folder path will be
C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons.

2. After opening the file, select the "Design Trial #1" scenario from the Scenario
toolbar. Click the Compute button to run a regular analysis.
3. When the Detailed Calculation Summary dialog appears, note that there is a
Report button in the upper left corner of the dialog. Click the Report button
 Quick Start Lessons

4. The report that opens contains all of the information in the various tabs of the
Detailed Calculation Summary dialog, preformatted in a print-ready document.
Close the Preview dialog.

5. Close the Detailed Calculation Summary dialog. Note that the Detailed Calcula-
tion Summary is available at any time by clicking the Analysis menu and selecting
Calculation Summary.
6. Right-click on MH-1 and select Report. This produces an element detailed report.
Every element has a report with the same general format, which includes the name
of the calculated scenario and a series of tables describing the element's properties
and results in detail. Close the MH-1 detailed report.
7. To view the detailed reports for several elements at one time, click the Report
menu and select Element Details. A Selection toolbar appears. Using the toolbar,
select any number of elements, then click the Done button.
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

8. The Element Details dialog appears after you click Done. This dialog lists the
elements that will be in the report, and allows you to preview and/or print the
detailed report for each element in the list.

9. Close the Element Details dialog and any open report dialogs.
10. Click the Report menu and select Project Inventory.

11. The Project Inventory shows you the total number of each type of element and the
total length of pipe in the system. Close the project inventory report.
 Quick Start Lessons

Part 2 - FlexTables

FlexTables are extremely powerful tools in SewerCAD V8i. These reports are not
only good presentation tools; they are also very helpful in data entry and analysis.
When data must be entered for a large number of elements, clicking each element and
entering the data can be very tedious and time consuming. Using the tabular reports,
elements can be changed using the global edit tool, or filtered to display only the
desired elements. Values that are entered into the table will be automatically updated
in the model. The tables can also be customized. Columns can be added or removed,
or you can display duplicates of the same column with different units.

1. Open the FlexTables manager by clicking the View menu and selecting FlexTa-
bles.

2. Double-click the Conduit Table located under the Tables - Predefined node.
FlexTables are dynamic tables of input values and calculated results. White
columns are input values and yellow columns are non-editable calculated values.
When data is entered into a table directly, the value in the model will be automati-
cally updated. These tables can be printed or copied into a spreadsheet program.
Two very powerful features in these tables are Global Edits and Filtering.
Suppose we find that the downstream inverts of all 375 mm pipes needs to be 10
cm higher. It would be tedious to go through and re-enter every pipe invert eleva-
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

tion, particularly when dealing with a large system. Instead, we will use the filter
tool in this example to filter out the 375 mm pipes, and the global edit tool to add
10 cm of elevation to just those pipes.
3. Right-click the Section Size column and choose Filter > Custom from the context
menu. We want to filter to display only the 375 mm conduits. To do so, double-
click “Section Size (Catalog Conduit)” in the Fields list to add it to the query.
Click the = Operator button. Click the Unique Values button above the Unique
Values list to populate the list with all of the available section sizes used in the
model. Double-click the value with a Referenced Label of 375 mm.

4. Click the OK button. As you can see, only conduits with a section size of 375 mm
are now displayed in the table. The indicators along the bottom of the table show
that the results are filtered: In the lower left is the message “2 of 3 elements
displayed” and in the lower right is the FILTERED indicator.
 Quick Start Lessons

5. We can now perform a Global Edit on just the filtered elements. Right-click the
Invert (Stop) column and select Global Edit. Select the Add Operation. Enter 0.1
in the Value field. Click OK.

6. Note that 0.1m has been added to the Invert (Stop) value for each of the 375 mm
conduits.

7. To reset the filter, right-click on any of the column headings and select Filter >
Reset. Click Yes in the confirmation that appears. Close the conduit table.
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

8. You may also wish to create a table that displays different or additional attribute
columns than those in the predefined Flextables. This can be done using the
FlexTables manager. Right-click the Conduit Table under Tables-Predefined and
select Duplicate > Project FlexTable.

9. Highlight the newly created table and click the Edit button to open the FlexTable
setup dialog.

10. The Available Columns list on the left displays all of the available attributes that
can be added to the FlexTable. The Selected Columns list on the right shows the
attributes that currently make up the FlexTable. Clicking the [<] and [>] buttons
allows you to move a single highlighted attribute between the Available and
Selected lists; clicking [<<] and [>>] will move all of them. The Up and Down
 Quick Start Lessons

arrows below the Selected Columns list allow you to move attributes up and down
the list, affecting the order in which they are displayed in the FlexTable. Highlight
Depth (Normal) in the Available Columns list and click the [>] button to add it to
the Selected Columns list. Click OK.
11. Close the FlexTables manager dialog.

Part 3 - Element Annotation

1. Click the Compute button to update the results to reflect the changes in invert
elevations.
2. Click the View menu and select Element Symbology.
3. In this example, we will add annotations to the manholes and pressure pipes.
4. Right-click the Manhole node and select New > Annotation.

5. The Field Name is the attribute that the annotation will display. In this example
we will add annotations for the hydraulic grade line entering and exiting the
manhole. Select Hydraulic Grade Line (In) from the Field name list.
6. The Prefix and Suffix fields allow you to add text to the annotation. Enter HGL In:
in the Prefix field. The Suffix is already set to %u, which will display the unit. The
X and Y offset control the placement of the annotation. The Height Multiplier
controls the size of the text. Click OK.
7. Right-click the Manhole node and select New / Annotation. Select Hydraulic
Grade Line (Out) from the Field Name list. Enter HGL Out: in the Prefix field.
Change the Y Offset Value to -5.4. This will prevent the annotations from overlap-
ping one another. Click OK.
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

8. You can rearrange the labels by clicking on them to highlight the annotation and
then dragging the annotation to the desired location by the handle (the handle is
the square near the annotation).

9. Velocity annotations have already been added to pressure pipes in Lesson 3.

Right-click the Pressure Pipe node and select New > Annotation.
10. Choose Flow as the attribute, add a prefix of Flow: , and change the Y offset to -
5.4. Click OK.

11. You can try changing the properties of an element and recalculating. The annota-
tions will update automatically to reflect any changes in the system.

Part 4 - Create a Profile

1. To create a profile view click the View menu and select Profiles.
2. In the Profiles manager click the new button.
 Quick Start Lessons

3. In the Profile Setup dialog click the Select From Drawing button.
4. Click CO-3 and CO-2. Note that the nodes at the end of the pipes are also selected.
Click the Done button.

5. In the Profile Setup dialog click the Open Profile button.

6. In the profile view you can zoom in and out, copy the profile view to the clip-
board, and print the profile view. You can export the profile view as a DXF file by
clicking Chart Settings > Export to DXF. You can change the scale and direction
of the profile view by clicking Chart Settings and then Axis Options.

7. You can add a legend describing the various colored lines in the profile by
clicking Chart Settings > Legend.
8. You can add Annotation labels by clicking Chart Settings and selecting Display
Annotation Labels. You can add a table displaying the values of various attributes
below the profile view by clicking Chart Settings > Profile Annotation Table.
Experiment with the various settings, then close the profile view and the Profiles
Manager.
9. Save the project before continuing.
Lesson 4 - Presentation of Results

Part 5 - Color Coding

Color coding allows you to assign colors to values for a variable and applies them to
the appropriate locations on the plan view for a quick diagnostic on how the system is
working.

Color coding is applied using the Element Symbology manager. You can set color
coding for links, nodes, or both. In this example we will color code links only.

1. Click the View menu and select Element Symbology.

2. Right-click the Conduit node and select New > Color Coding.

3. Change the Field Name to Flow. Click the Calculate Range button and select Full
Range. This will populate the Minimum and Maximum fields automatically with
the highest and lowest value for the selected Field Name. The Steps value is the
number of divisions in the range.
4. In the Color maps section of the dialog, click the Initialize button. Click the 3rd
row Color field and select yellow. Click the Ramp button. Click OK.
 Quick Start Lessons

5. You can also color code by size. Right-click the Conduit node and select New /
Color Coding.
6. Change the Field Name to Diameter. Click the Calculate Range button and select
Full Range. Change the Options setting to Size. Click the Initialize button. Click
OK.
7. Now the conduits are color coded according to both flow and diameter.

8. Save the project before continuing to the next lesson.

Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation

SewerCAD V8i has the ability to analyze time-based or extended period simulations
(EPS). This lesson illustrates different aspects of setting-up and running an EPS
including:

• Developing loading patterns and hydrographs

• Calculating the model
• Viewing time-based output

For this lesson we will use the system designed in Lesson 4.

Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation

Part 1 - Entering and Applying Loading Patterns

Loading patterns are a series of time-based multipliers that are applied to average
loads, which describe how the load varies over time. In this lesson, we are going to
create a loading pattern and apply it to the unit sanitary loads established with the
model in an earlier lesson, and to a new Pattern Load.

1. Click the Open Existing File button in the Welcome dialog, or select File > Open
from the pull-down menu to bring up the Open Project File dialog. Open the
project you saved from Lesson 4, or find Lesson5.stsw in the
Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons directory.

Note: If you're using a 64-bit operating system, the folder path will be
C:\Program Files (x86)\Bentley\SewerCAD8\Lessons.

2. To create a new loading pattern click the Components menu and select Patterns.
3. Highlight the Hydraulic node and click the New button.
4. Rename the pattern Lesson 5 Pattern. Leave the Start Time set to 12:00:00 AM
but change the Starting Multiplier to 0.4. Change the Pattern Format to Contin-
uous. Fill in the pattern using the following data:
Table 2-14: Loading Pattern Data

Time from Multiplier

Start
(hours)

3 0.8

6 1.2

9 1.7

12 1.4

15 1.2

18 1.3

21 0.6

24 0.4
 Quick Start Lessons

5. Click the Close button to close the Patterns dialog.

6. To apply this pattern to the various unit dry weather loads used in the model, click
the Components menu and select Pattern Setups.
7. The Pattern Setup Manager works in a similar manner to the Extreme Flow Setup
Manger, as described in Lesson 1. In this case different patterns are applied to
unit sanitary loads as opposed to extreme flow methods. As with extreme flow
setups, you can create different pattern setups and associate them with different
scenarios. In the Pattern Setups dialog click the New button. Change the name of
the setup to Lesson 5.
Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation

8. In this lesson, for the sake of simplicity, we will apply the same pattern to all the
unit loads. To do so, right click on the Setup Pattern heading and select Global
Edit. In the Global Edit dialog change the value to Lesson 5 Pattern. Click OK.

9. Close the Pattern Setups dialog.

10. You can also apply loading patterns to base loads set at individual hydraulic
elements. Click the Tools menu and select Sanitary Load Control Center.
11. Highlight a MH-1 row, click the New button, and select Add Pattern load to
Element (MH-1). Change the Base Load of the new Pattern Load to 2,000 L/d and
select Lesson 5 pattern in the Pattern cell. Close the Sanitary Load Control Center.
12. Save the project.

Part 2 - Entering Hydrographs

SewerCAD V8i also allows you to enter in hydrographs as a sanitary load (at
manholes, wet wells, and pressure junctions), or as inflows and infiltration (at
manholes, pressure junctions, wet wells and conduits).

To illustrate the concept, we will enter in a single hydrograph as a dry-weather load at

manhole MH-2.

1. Click the Tools menu and select Sanitary Load Control Center.
2. Highlight one of the MH-2 rows and click the New button, then select Add Sani-
tary hydrograph to Element (MH-2).
 Quick Start Lessons

3. Fill in the Time vs Flow table on the right side of the dialog using the data in the
following table (note the unit used in the table; you may have to change it by
right-clicking the Flow heading and selecting Units and Formatting):
Table 2-15: Hydrograph Data

Time Flow (L/d)

(Hours)

0 0

3 2500

6 4800

9 7300

12 19500

15 7300

18 4900

21 2400

24 0
Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation

4. Close the Sanitary Load Control Center.

5. Save the project.

Part 3 - Running the Extended Period Simulation

To run an extended period simulation, you need to change the analysis type from
Steady State to EPS.

1. Change the current scenario to Design Trial #3.

2. Click the Analysis menu and select Calculation Options.

 Quick Start Lessons

3. Highlight Base Calculation Options.

4. In the Properties editor change the Time Analysis Type from Steady State to EPS.
Leave the Duration, Hydraulic Time Step, and Hydrologic Routing Time Step set
to 24.000, 1.000, and 0.100 respectively. Change the Pattern Setup field to Lesson
5.
5. Close the Calculation Options dialog.
6. Click the Compute button. Close the Detailed Calculation Summary.

Note: Pump on/off controls are omitted for this lesson. User
notifications regarding the pump and wetwell can be ignored.

Part 4 - Time Based Graphs and Tables

In SewerCAD V8i you have the capability of creating time based graphs and tables for
the comparison of hydrographs at multiple elements within the system.

For this example we will compare the hydrographs generated at manholes MH-1 and
MH-2, and see the combination of the two routed hydrographs as they exit T-1.

1. Click the View menu and select Graphs.

2. In the Graph manager click the New button and select Line Series Graph. Use the
Select toolbar to select MH-1, MH-2, and T-1. Click Done (the green checkmark
button).
Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation

3. In the Graph Series Options dialog uncheck Hydraulic Grade Line (In) and
Hydraulic Grade Line (Out) for transitions and Manholes in the Fields list. Check
Flow (Total Out) for Transitions and Manholes. Click OK to open the graph.
 Quick Start Lessons

4. In the Graph viewer you can print the graph, copy it to the clipboard, zoom in, and
use the time step controls to see the values at specific times.

5. Click the Data tab to see the underlying data points that make up the graph. You
can copy the tabular data to the clipboard or print it.
6. Close the Graph viewer and the Graph manager.

Part 5 - Animations

SewerCAD V8i's animation tool is a dramatic, effective way of presenting and

analyzing output data.
Lesson 5 - Running an Extended Period Simulation

In this example, we will animate the color-coding on the main drawing pane, and the
hydraulic grade line on the profile plot.

1. Before we animate the drawing pane, we need to color code by an attribute that
varies with time. In this case color code the links based on Flow attribute. Use
the same procedure described in Lesson 4 (you will need to delete the old color
coding and create a color coding definition for both conduits and pressure pipes).
2. To animate the drawing pane click the Analysis menu and select Time Browser.

3. Click the Play button in the Time Browser. The links change color over time as
flow increases and decreases. To stop the animation click the stop button

4. To increase or decrease the speed of the animation click Options and change
the Increment slider setting.
5. Open the Profile we created in Lesson 4. The profile viewer has its own animation
controls. Click the Play button.
 Quick Start Lessons

From these five lessons, you have had a brief introduction to the capabilities of
SewerCAD V8i. Feel free to continue to play with the program. Use this model to
explore and become familiar with all of the features. For additional help, press F1 to
open the context sensitive online help.