MIXED-USE TOD DEVELOPMENT THAT GENERATES MAXIMUM RIDERSHIP

Many countries all over the world, have resulted to the use of train-based mass transportation
(transit) owing to the high demand of transportation mediums. However, these efforts require huge
costs, Whereas ridership is the main determinant of revenue for transit services. Therefore a large
number of passengers can support the financing of transit services. Transit-oriented Development
(TOD) is a project around transit stations with emphasizes on high densities and multifunction to
push sustainable mobility. This study, therefore, aims to arrange a TOD model obtaining optimum
mixed of land use to maximize transit ridership. Literature study, function analysis, and
benchmarking were conducted to develop a basic plan of TOD model and optimized using linear
programming. A total of five stations of light rail transit (LRT) located in Jabodetabek were used
with a case study representing the model implementation, ridership evaluation, and optimal design.
According to benchmarking, the basic mixture of TOD development was categorized as
residential, commercial/retail, office, hotel, and other functions. The optimization results showed
that the office becomes the highest users of transited-passengers, followed by hotel,
commercial/retail, and residential. It also showed that optimizing TOD design would increase LRT
daily passengers up to 55%.

The proportion of typical mixed-use (based on benchmarking) in the three countries analyzed were
44% (residential), 18% (office), and 16% (retail/commercial), 10 % (hotel), and 12 % (others)
while from the results of optimization with a linear program approach the mixed-use TOD
proportion is