Negotiable Act Judgement

JUDGEMENT 1 C.C. NO.
135412009
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JUDGEMENT 2 C.C. NO. 135412009
VG[ T[ ,MG V[U|LD[g8 VGJI[ VFZM5L lGIlDT ZLT[ DFl;S C%TF EZJF A\WFI[,F
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Jayantilal Shah V/S Panjkaj Mashruwala And Others
Criminal Revision Application No. 190 and 191 of 1995.
Wherein Honb'le High court has clarified the present issue that,
“Sec. 138 of N.I.Act requires only sending of notice to the
accused by R.P.A.D at the correct address and if it is done by
the complainant than there will be no defence for the accused

regarding the signature over the acknowledgement sleep ”.

Present issue has been further clarified by the Honb'le Kerala
High court in Syed Hamid Bafaky V/S Miodeen in Crim.
Revision Petition No. 852 of 1992, wherein Honb'le Kerala
High court has clarified that, “U/Sec. 138 of N.I.Act issuance of
notice is important and if payee has dispatched the notice on
the correct address of the drawer than it can be regarded that,
he had made the demand by giving notice within the statutory
period” R]SFNM Z[OZg; TZLS[ ,[JM VUtIGM H6F\. VFJ[ K[P p5ZMST AgG[ R}SFNFDF\
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,[TF\ OZLIFN51F wJFZF VF\Sv!_JF/L GM8L; VFZM5LGF ;FRF ;ZGFD[ DMS,[, CMJFG]\
VG[ VF\Sv!ZJF/F V[SGM,[HD[g8 :,L5 VgJI[ T[ H ;ZGFD[ T[ GM8L; VFZM5LGF

;FRF ;ZGFD[ AHJ6L YI[, CMJFG]\ Z[S0" p5Z 5]ZJFZ Y. VFJ[, K[P CF,GL CSLSTGL
;FD[ ;DU| 8=FI, NZdIFG VF\Sv!_DF\ H6FJ[, ;ZGFD]\ BM8]\ K[ VYJF TM VFZM5L VF
;ZGFDF l;JFI ALHF ;ZGFD[ ZC[TF\ VFJ[, K[ T[JM SM.56 ARFJ VFZM5L51F
wJFZF ,[JFDF\ VFJ[, GYL S[ T[JL SM.56 CSLST ;FlAT SZJF 5|ItG SZ[, GYL VYJF
TM VFJL SM. GM8L; VFZM5LG[ JF:TJDF\ AHJ6L YI[, H GYL T[J]\ 5]ZJFZ SZJF
ARFJ51F ;N\TZ lGQO/ ZC[, K[P H[YL VF\Sv!_JF/L GM8L; CF,GF VFZM5LG[ T[DF\
H6FJ[, ;FRF ;ZGFD[ VF\Sv!ZJF/L V[SGM,[HD[g8 :,L5 VgJI[ AHJ6L Y.
CMJFGL CSLST H[ Z[S0" p5Z 5]ZJFZ Y. VFJ[, K[ T[GM .gSFZ SZL XSFI T[D GYL
VG[ ARFJ51F T[YL lJZ]wWGL CSLST 5]ZJFZ SZJFDF\ ;\5]6"56[ lGQO/ ZC[, K[P VFD4
Z[S0" wIFG[ ,[TF\4 VF\Sv(JF/M R[S4 VF\Sv)JF/F 0L;VMGZ D[DM VgJI[ TFP!_v!
_v_)GFZMH 0L;VMGZ YIF AFN OZLIFNL wJFZF G[P.PV[PGL S,D !#(sALfGL
HMUJF.DF\ H6FJ[, ;DI DIF"NFDF\ VF\Sv!_JF/L GM8L; VF\Sv!!JF/L
5M:8, :,L5 VgJI[ TFPZ(v!_v_)GFZMH .:I] SZJFDF\ VFJ[, CMJFG]\ H[ GM8L;
VF\Sv!ZJF/L V[SGM,[HD[g8 :,L5 VgJI[ VFZM5LG[ T[GF ;FRF ;ZGFD[ TFP#_v!
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K[ S[4 p5ZMST GM8L; VFZM5LG[ AHJ6L YIF AFN VFZM5L wJFZF T[ GM8L;G]\ 5F,G
SZJFDF\ VFJ[, GYL S[ T[ GM8L;GM SM. HJFA VF5JFDF\ VFJ[, GYLP H[YL OZLIFNL
wJFZF p5ZMST GM8L;GF lNGv!5GL ;DI DIF"NF lJtIF\ AFNGF #_ lNJ;GL ;DI
DIF"NFDF\ CF,GL OZLIFN TFPZ&v!!v_)GFZMH G[P.PV[PGL S,D !#(s;Lf
;FY[ J\RF6[ ,[TF\4 S,D !$ZsZf VgJI[ V+[GL VNF,TDF\ NFB, SZ[, K[P
s&P$f p5ZMST ;A 5[ZFG\P &P#DF\ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, RRF"G[ wIFG[ ,[TF\4 OZLIFN51F
G[UMP .g:8=]P V[S8GL S,D !#(GL S,Mh cV[ YL ;LcG]\ 5F,G SZJFDF\ ;O/ ZC[,
CMJFG]\ Z[S0" p5ZYL 5|:YFl5T Y. VFJ[, CMI4 tIFZ[ G[UMP .g:8=]P V[S8GL
S,D !!(GL ;FY[ J\RF6[ ,[TF\ !#)G]\ VG]DFG OZLIFNLGL TZO[6DF\ VG[ VFZM5LGL
lJZ]wWDF\ SZJFG]\ ZC[ K[ S[4 ccVF SFDGF VFZM5LV[ VF\S ( JF/M R[S OZLIFNLGL
TZO[6DF\ 5MTFG]\ H[ ,[6]\ VYJF TM HJFANFZL CTL T[ VNF SZJF DF8[ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[,
CTM VG[ OZLIFNLV[ 56 T[ R[S T[ C[T] VG[ T[ 5[8[ H :JLSFZ[, CTMPcc 5Z\T] CF,G]\
VG]DFG 56 B\0G SZL XSFI T[J]\ VG]DFG CM. H[GL DF8[ VFZM5LG[ TS D/L
ZC[ K[ VG[ VFZM5LV[ DFGJF,FIS 5]ZFJF VYJF TM ;\HMUMG[ VFWFZ[ T[ VG]DFGG]\
B\0G SZJFG]\ ZC[ K[ H[ DF8[ VFZM5LG[ ARFJ51FGF 5]ZFJFDF\ pTZJFGL H~lZIFT ZC[TL
GYL4 ARFJ51F[ OZLIFN51F wJFZF ZH] ZFB[, 5]ZFJFGF VFWFZ[ 56 T[ VG]DFGG]\ B\0G
SZL XS[ K[P 5Z\T] VFZM5LV[ jIFHAL SFZ6MYL DFGL XSFI T[JL ZLT[ T[ 5]ZFJFG]\ B\0G
SZJFGL HJFANFZL ZC[ K[P ARFJ51F 5MTFGL HJFANFZL VNF SZJFDF\ V[8,[ S[4
p5ZMST VG]DFGG]\ B\0G SZJFDF\ ;O/ ZC[, K[ S[ S[Dm T[ V\U[ p5l:YT Z[S0"G]\
VFZM5L wJFZF ,LW[, ARFJ VG];\WFG[ D]<IF\SG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM ;F{5|YD
VFZM5LV[ 5MTFGF D]bI ARFJ TZLS[ VF\Sv(JF/M R[S l;SI]ZL8L 5[8[ VF5[, CMJFG]\
VG[ VFZM5LGL HF6 ACFZ T[ R[SGM N]Zp5IMU OZLIFNL wJFZF SZ[, CMJFG]\ ARFJ
,LW[, K[P p5ZMST SZ[, :5Q8TF D]HA VFZM5LV[ DF+ ARFJ ZH] SZJFGM GYL4 5Z\T]
T[ ARFJGF ;DY"GDF\ V[JL CSLST Z[S0" p5Z 5|:YFl5T SZJFGL OZH AGL ZC[ K[ S[4 H[
wIFG[ ,[TF\ SM.56 ;FDFgI A]lwWGM DF6; ,LW[, ARFJ DFGL XS[4 V[8,[ S[ ARFJ51F[
DF+ ARFJ ZH] SZJFGM GYL4 5Z\T] T[GF ;DY"GDF\ 5]ZFJFGF Z[S0" p5Z V[JL 5lZl:YlT
VYJF TM T[JF jIFHAL SFZ6M Z[S0" p5Z p5l:YT SZJFGF ZC[ K[ S[ H[G[ wIFG[ ,[TF\ H
VFZM5L wJFZF ZH] ZFB[, ARFJ DFGJFG[ Z[S0" p5Z jIFHAL SFZ6 H6F\IP CF,GF
S[;DF\ ARFJ51F wJFZF OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\ VG[ 5MTFGF lJX[QF lGJ[NGDF\ DF+
l;SI]ZL8L R[SGM p5ZMST H6FJ[, ARFJ ZH] ZFB[, K[ 5Z\T] H[GM OZLIFNL wJFZF
:5Q856[ .gSFZ SZL T[JL :5Q8TF SZJFDF\ VFJ[, K[ S[4 ccVFZM5L ,MGGM C%TM R[S
wJFZF GlC 5Z\T] .P;LPV[;P DFZOT EZTF CTF VG[ CF,GM R[S 5MTFGF AFSL ,[6F\
5[8[ H VFZM5LV[ VF5[, K[Pcc VF l;JFI ARFJ51F wJFZF 5MTFGF ARFJGF ;DY"GDF\
Z[S0" p5Z SM.56 N:TFJ[HL 5]ZFJF ZH] ZFB[, GYL S[ OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\
V[S56 V[JF ;\HMUM S[ CSLST 5|:YFl5T SZL XS[, GYL S[ H[ SFZ6M;Z VFZM5L wJFZF
ZH] ZFB[, ARFJ DFGJFG[ SFZ6 H6F\. VFJ[P VFD4 ;DU| Z[S0"DF\ ARFJ51F wJFZF
ZH] ZFB[, ARFJGF ;DY"GDF\ SM.56 5]ZFJF S[ ;\HMUMGL U[ZLCFHZLDF\ ZH] ZFB[,
ARFJ DFGJF DF8[ p5l:YT Z[S0"DF\ SM.56 jIFHAL SFZ6 H6F\. VFJTF GYLP VFD4
ARFJ51F wJFZF l;SIMZL8LGF R[S ;\NE["GM ARFJ 5]ZJFZ SZJFDF\ VYJF TM T[ ARFJ
DFGL XSFI T[JF SFZ6M 5|:YFl5T SZJFDF\ :5Q856[ lGQO/ ZC[, CMJFG]\ p5l:YT
Z[S0"DF\ H6F\. VFJ[ K[P
ARFJ51F wJFZF JW]DF\ T[JM ARFJ ,LW[, K[ S[4 VFZM5L OZLIFNL A[gS 5F;[YL ,LW[,
,MGGF GF6F\ EZ5F. G SZL XSTF\4 OZLIFNL A[gS wJFZF VFZM5LGL UF0L ;Lh SZL T[G]\
J[RF6 SZL T[DF\YL VF\Sv(JF/F R[SGF GF6F\ ZLSJZ SZL ,LW[, CMJF KTF\ VF\Sv(JF/F
l;SI]ZL8L 5[8[GF R[SGM N]Zp5IMU SZL VFZM5L ;FD[ BM8L OZLIFN SZ[, K[P CF,GF
ARFJ ;\NE[" p5ZMST 5[ZFDF\ SZ[, RRF"G[ wIFG[ ,[TF\4 ARFJ51F VF\Sv(JF/M R[S
l;SI]ZL8L 5[8[ VF5[, CTM T[J]\ ;FlAT SZJFDF\ T[DH T[ CSLST DFGJFG[ SFZ6 ZC[ T[JL
CSLSTM VYJF TM 5lZl:YlT Z[S0" p5Z 5|:YFl5T SZJFDF\ lGQO/ UI[, K[P VF l;JFI
p5ZMST ARFJGL CSLSTM ;\NE[" OZLIFNL A[gS wJFZF VFZM5LGL UF0L ;Lh SZL T[G]\
J[RF6 SZL VF\Sv(JF/F R[SGF GF6F\ J;], SZL ,LW[, CMJFGL CSLSTGM
OZLIFNLV[ 5MTFGL p,8 T5F;DF\ :5Q856[ .gSFZ SZ[, K[P tIFZ[ VF ;\HMUMDF\
T[ ARFJ51FGL OZH AGL ZC[ K[ S[4 p5ZMST ZH] ZFB[, ARFJ ;FlAT SZ[ VYJF TM
T[ ARFJ DFGL XSFI T[JF jIFHAL SFZ6M Z[S0" p5Z p5l:YT SZ[P 5Z\T] ;DU| Z[S0"
wIFG[ ,[TF\4 ARFJ51F wJFZF OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\ T[DH 5MTFGF lJX[QF lGJ[NGDF\
VF ARFJ ZH] SIF" l;JFI SM.56 5]ZFJF Z[S0" p5Z ZH] ZFB[, GYL S[ VF CSLST DFGL
XSFI T[JL SM.56 CSLST OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\ 5|:YFl5T SZL XS[, GYLP
ARFJ51F wJFZF ZH] ZFB[, ARFJ G[P.PV[PGL S,D !#)GF VG]DFGGL ;FD[ ;FlAT
SZJFGL HJFANFZL VFZM5LG[ ZC[ K[ VG[ HIFZ[ VFZM5L wJFZF ZH] ZFB[, p5ZMST
ARFJGM OZLIFNLV[ :5Q856[ .gSFZ SZ[, CMI tIFZ[ T[ ;FlAT SZJF DF8[ DF+ ARFJ
D]SJM 5]ZTM GYL VG[ HIFZ[ VFZM5L T[ CSLST 5]ZJFZ SZJF SM. 5]ZFJF ZH] ZFB[,
GYL T[DH OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\ T[JL CSLST S[ ;\HMUM 5|:YFl5T SZJF VYJF TM
p5l:YT SZJFDF\ ;O/ ZC[, G CM. tIFZ[ VF ;\HMUMDF\ VFZM5L wJFZF ZH] ZFB[,
ARFJG[ ;DY"GGL U[ZCFHZLDF\ DFGL XSFI T[D GYLP H[YL ARFJ51F wJFZF ZH]
ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[, ARFJ S[4 ccOZLIFNL A[gS wJFZF VFZM5LG]\ jCLS, ;Lh SZL T[G]\ J[RF6
SZL VFZM5LGF ,MG 5[8[ VF\Sv(JF/F R[SGF GF6F\GL J;],FT SZL ,LWL K[Pcc T[ CSLST
DFGL XSFI T[D GYL VG[ ARFJ51F T[ CSLST 5]ZJFZ SZJFDF\ T[DH T[ CSLST DFGL
XSFI T[JF jIFHAL SFZ6M Z[S0" p5Z 5|:YFl5T SZJFDF\ lGQO/ ZC[, K[ VG[ ;DU|
Z[S0" wIFG[ ,[TF\4 T[ CSLSTGM .gSFZ SZJF DF8[ SM.56 jIFHAL SFZ6M p5l:YT Z[S0"DF\
H6F\. VFJTF\ GYLP
s&P5f p5ZMST ;A 5[ZF G\P&P$ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, RRF"G[ wIFG[ ,[TF\4 ARFJ51F[ 5MT[ ZH]
ZFB[, ARFJG[ ;FlAT SZJFDF\ T[DH T[G[ DFGL XSFI T[JF jIFHAL SFZ6M ;FY[ Z[S0"
p5Z 5|:YFl5T SZJFDF\ :5Q856[ lGQO/ UI[, K[P VF CSLST ;FY[ OZLIFNGL p,8
T5F; wIFG[ ,[TF\4 ARFJ51F wJFZF ;DU| 8=FI, NZdIFG T[JM SM.56 ARFJ ,LW[,
GYL S[ T[VM wJFZF OZLIFNL A[gS 5F;[ ,LW[, ,MGGF\ ;DU| GF6F\ EZ5F. SZL NLW[, K[P
p,8FG]\ OZLIFNGL p,8 T5F;DF\ ARFJ :J~5[ T[JM ARFJ ,LW[, K[ S[4 ccVFZM5L
,MGGF\ GF6F\ EZ5F. G SZL XSTF\ OZLIFNL A[gS wJFZF T[DG]\ jCLS, ;Lh SZJFDF\
VFJ[, K[Pcc T[GM DT,A T[D YFI S[4 5ZM1F ZLT[ ARFJ51F wJFZF ,MGGF GF6F\GL
EZ5F. SZJFDF\ lGQO/ UI[, K[ T[J]\ 5ZM1F ZLT[ :JLSFZ SZ[, K[P V[S TASS[ T[D
DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ S[4 VFZM5L ,MGGF GF6F\ EZ5F. SZJFDF\ lGQO/ UI[, CMJFG]\ 5ZM1F
ZLT[ :JLSFZ[, GYL TM 56 ;DU| 8=FI, NZdIFG VFZM5L wJFZF SM.56 HuIFV[ T[JM
V[S 56 ARFJ ,LW[, GYL S[4 T[VMV[ ,MGGF ;DU| GF6F\ EZ5F. SZL NLW[, K[P
CF,GF TASS[ T[ CSLST 56 GM\WGLI K[ S[4 G[P.PV[PGL S,D !#)G]\ VG]DFG
OZLIFNLGL TZO[6DF\ K[ H[YL T[ VG]DFGYL lJZ]wWG]\ 5]ZJFZ SZJFGL HJFANFZL
VFZM5LGF lXZ[ K[P OZLIFNLGL ;DU| p,8 T5F; NZdIFG VFZM5L wJFZF T[JM 56 SM.
ARFJ ,LW[, GYL S[4 S], ZSD 5[8[ T[VMV[ DM8FEFUGL ZSD R]SJL VF5[,
K[ VG[ CJ[ HM SM. ZSD AFSL ZC[TL CMI TM T[ R[SGL ZSD TM GYL H 5Z\T] T[ SZTF\
VMKL ZSD K[4 ;FY[;FY[ VFZM5L wJFZF T[JM SM. B],F;M OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\
SZ[, GYL S[4 T[VM wJFZF ;DU| ,MG 5[8[ RMSS; S[8,L ZSD OZLIFNL A[gSG[ ,MG
5[8[ R]SJL VF5[, K[P VF ;\HMUMDF\ VFZM5L wJFZF p5ZMST ,LW[, ARFJ DFGL XSFI
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p5Z ;FlAT 56 Y. VFJ[, GYLP VF CSLST ;FY[ T[ CSLST GM\WGLI K[ S[4
OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F; NZdIFG VFZM5LV[ VF\SvZ* VG[ Z( JF/F N:TFJ[HMGM
:JLSFZ SZ[, K[ H[GM :5Q8 VYJF TM 5ZM1F ZLT[ .gSFZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, GYLP
VF\SvZ*JF/M N:TFJ[H wIFG[ ,[TF\4 T[DF\ VFZM5LGM OM8M VG[ T[GL ;CL K[ H[GF 5|YD
5FGFDF\ ccOMZ SFZ q 8] jCL,Z ,MGcc GF G]\ SM,D wIFG[ ,[TF\ VFZM5LV[ J5ZFI[,L DFZ]TL
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,[TF\4 VF N:TFJ[H 56 VFZM5L wJFZF OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F; NZdIFG :JLSFZ SZJFDF\
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DF8[ VFZM5LV[ VF\SvZ* VgJI[ ,MG D[/JJF lJG\TL SZ[, CTL4 T[ C[T] DF8[
Z]FP!4!_4___qv GL ,MG #& C%TFDF\ EZ5F. SZJFGL XZT[ OZLIFNL A[gS wJFZF
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wIFG[ ,[TF\4 HIFZ[ VFZM5L wJFZF CF,GL TDFD ,MGGL R]SJ6L SZL GFB[, CMJFGM SM.
ARFJ ,LW[, GYL T[DH 5ZM1F ZLT[ VFZM5LV[ VF ,MGGF GF6F\ EZ5F. SZJFDF\
lGQO/ UI[, CMJFG]\ 5MTFGF ARFJ ;\NE[" :JLSFZ SZ[, K[ VG[ ;DU| Z[S0"DF\ VFJL SM.
,MGGF GF6F\G]\ N[J]\ OZLIFNL A[gSG]\ VFZM5L 5F;[ ZC[T]\ GYL T[J]\ ;FlAT SZJFDF\
ARFJ51F lGQO/ UI[, K[ tIFZ[ p5ZMST CSLSTM wIFG[ ,[TF\4 VF\Sv(JF/F R[SGL
ZSDG]\ VFZM5LG]\ N[J]\ OZLIFNLGL TZO[6DF\ Vl:TtJDF\ CT]\ VG[ K[ T[ CSLSTGM .gSFZ
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T[ CSLST VG[ T[ N[J]\ VNF SZJF DF8[ H VFZM5LV[ VF R[S OZLIFNL A[gSG[ VF5[, CTM
T[ CSLST Z[S0" p5Z jIFHAL SFZ6M ;FY[ DFGL XSFI T[ ZLT[ 5]ZJFZ Y. VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[
CSLSTYL lJZ]wWGL CSLST ;FlAT SZJFDF\ VYJF TM T[ CSLSTYL lJZ]wWGL CSLST
DFGL XSFI T[JF SFZ6M S[ ;\HMUM Z[S0" p5Z 5|:YFl5T SZJFDF\
ARFJ51F ;\5]6"56[ lGQO/ UI[, K[P
s&P&f VFD4 p5ZMST ;A 5[ZF G\P&P$ VG[ &P5DF\ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, RRF"G[ wIFG[ ,[TF\4
ARFJ51F 5MTFGF[ ARFJ 5]ZJFZ SZJFDF\ ;\5]6"56[ lGQO/ UI[, CMJFG]\ T[DH
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lGQO/ UI[, CMJFG]\ Z[S0" p5ZYL ;FlAT Y. VFJ[ K[P JW]DF\ OZLIFN51F 5MTFGM S[;
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l;JFI ARFJ51F wJFZF OZLIFNLGL p,8 T5F;DF\ VF\SvZ&JF/F 5FJZ VMO
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ZH] ZFB[, ;ZT5F;DF\ H6FJ[, OZLIFNL A[gSGF VMYMZF.h 5;"GG[ V+[GL VNF,TDF\
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H[YL ARFJ51F wJFZF ,LW[, CF,GM ARFJ SFINGL N=lQ8V[ U|FCI ZFBJF5F+ H6FTM
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K[P T[VM p5Z NIF ZFBJF lJG\TL SZ[, K[P OZLIFN51F[ T[JL ZH]VFT SZ[, K[ S[4 VFZM5LGL
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VFJ[, GYLP HIF\ ;]WL VFZM5LGF l;SI]ZL8LGF R[SGM ;JF, K[ tIF\ ;]WL ARFJ51F T[ ARFJ
Z[S0" p5Z ;FlAT SZJFDF\ VYJF TM DFGL XSFI T[JF ;\HMUM S[ SFZ6M Z[S0" p5Z 5|:YFl5T
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Honb’le Supreme court of India in AIR 1988 SC, 2127 Hari
Krishna & State of Haryana V/S Sukhbirsingh as well as by
The Honb’le Punjab and Haryana High court in Ajay Bansal
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Negotiable Act Judgement

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Negotiable Act Judgement

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JUDGEMENT 1 C.C. NO.

OlZIFN ZH} TFPZ5v!!vZ__)

VFZM5L ov VMD5|SFX 5FZ;ZFD RFZ6

U] G M ov WL G[UMXLV[A, .g:8=]P V[S8GL S,D o !#( D]HAP

OlZIFN 51F[ TZO[ ZH} YI[,F 5]ZFJFP

sZf X]\ C]SD m

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VG[ VF\Sv!ZJF/F V[SGM,[HD[g8 :,L5 VgJI[ T[ H ;ZGFD[ T[ GM8L; VFZM5LGF

VDNFJFNP s VFZPVFZP 58[,f

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