Math 221 - 502 Final Exam Solutions Dec.

11, 2013
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1. (30) Define the following:

(a) lim f (x, y) = 7

(x,y)→(1,3)
This means that for every  > 0 there is a δ > 0 such that
1/2
if 0 < [(x − 1)2 + (y − 3)] < δ, then |f (x, y) − 7| < .
(b) f (x, y, z) has a local max at the point (1, 2, 3).
This means that there is a δ > 0 such that
1/2
if [(x − 1)2 + (y − 2) + (z − 3)2 ] < δ, then f (x, y, z) ≤ f (1, 2, 3).

(c) F~ is a conservative force field.

This means there is a real valued function φ such that ∇φ = F~ .

2. (40) Let f (x, y, z) = x2 (z − 2) + y 2 .


∂f 
(a) Use the definition of partial derivative to compute .
∂z (2,−2,3)

∂f  f (2, −2, 3 + h) − f (2, −2, 3) (4(1 + h) + 4) − 8
= lim = lim =4
∂z (2,−2,3)
 h→0 h h→0 h

(b) Find an equation for the tangent plane to the surface f = 8 at the point (2, −2, 3).
The gradient of f equals ∇f = (2x(z − 2), 2y, x2 ) and its value at the point (2, −2, 3) is
(4, −4, 4). Thus, an equation for the tangent plane is

0 = (4, −4, 4) · (x − 2, y + 2, z − 3) = 4(x − y + z − 7), or x − y + z = 7

 
2 2 d 
(c) Let Γ(t) = (t − 1, t + 6, 3t ). Use the chain rule to compute f (Γ(t))  .
dt t=3
0 0 0 0
Note that Γ(3) = (2, 15, 27), and Γ (3) = (x (3), y (3), z (3)) = (1, 6, 18).
   
d  ∂f dx ∂f dy ∂f dz 
f (Γ(t))  = + + 
dt t=3 ∂x dt ∂y dt ∂z dt 
t=3

= 2x(t)(z(t) − 2)x0 (t) + 2y(t)y 0 (t) + x2 (t)z 0 (t) t=3

 

= 2(2)(27 − 2) + 2(15)6 + 4(18) = 352

 ˆ −1 ˆ 2 ˆ 1 ˆ 2 ˆ 2 ˆ 2
2 2
3. (20) Let I = dy y dx + dy y dx + dy y 2 dx.
−2 −y −1 1 1 y

(a) The sum of the above iterated integrals can be written as a double integral over some
region R . Sketch the region R .
y
(2,2)

(1,1)

R
x

(1,-1)

(2,-2)

(b) The double integral found in part (a) can be written as a single iterated integral. What
is that integral? Then find the value of this iterated integral to determine the value of I.
ˆ 2 ˆ x ˆ 2  3 x  ˆ
2 y  2 2 3 5
I= dx y dy = dx = x dx = .
1 −x 1 3 −x
 3 1 2

4. (40) Let S denote the region in the u-v plane bounded by the lines u = 1, u = 0,
v = 0, and v = 1. Let T be a transformation defined by x = u2 − v 2 and y = 2uv. That is,
T (u, v) = (u2 − v 2 , 2uv).

(a) Let R be that region in the x-y plane, which T maps S onto. Sketch the regions R and
S.
First determine where T maps the boundary curves of S .

y2
T (u, 0) = (u2 , 0), T (1, v) = (1 − v 2 , 2v), x = 1 − , for 0 ≤ y ≤ 2
4
y2
T (u, 1) = (u2 − 1, 2u) x = − 1, for 0 ≤ y ≤ 2, T (0, v) = (−v 2 , 0)
4
y
(0,2)
v
y2 y2
1 x= 4
−1 x=1− 4
R
S
u x
1 (-1,0) (1,0)
 (b) What is the Jacobian of the transformation T ?
     
∂(x, y)  xu yu   2u −2v 
= det = det = 4(u2 + v 2 ) .
∂(u, v)  xv y u   2v 2u 

(c) What is the area of R ?

¨ ¨ ˆ 1 ˆ 1
∂(x, y)
Area of R = dA = dA = du 4(u2 + v 2 ) dv
R S ∂(u, v) 0 0
ˆ 1 
2 4 8
= 4u + du = .
0 3 3

(d) If (x, y) are the coordinates of the centroid of R (center of area), what is y?
First we compute Mx the moment about the x-axis.
¨ ¨ ˆ 1 ˆ 1
∂(x, y)
Mx = y dA = y dA = du (2uv)4(u2 + v 2 ) dv = 2 .
R S ∂(u, v) 0 0

Thus,
Mx 2 3
y= = = .
Area 8/3 4

5. (20) Let F~ = (y 2 − x2 , xy), and let R = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 4, 0 ≤ x}. Find the outward flux
of F~ across the boundary of R .
Using the divergence theorem, which is Green’s theorem in R 2 , we have
ˆ ¨ ¨
Flux = ~
F · (dy, −dx) = ~
divF dA = (−x) dA
R
∂R R R
ˆ π/2 ˆ 2 ˆ π/2
8
= dθ (−r cos θ)r dr = − cos θ dθ
−π/2 0 3 −π/2

16
= −
3