Professional Documents
Culture Documents
and
Sex Determination
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46 Chromosomes
How many pairs of chromosomes do each individual
have?
23 pairs of chromosomes for both males and females
What do you call the 22 pairs of chromosomes?
Somatic chromosomes
How about the 23rd chromosome?
Sex chromosome
•Human males and other male
organisms, such as other
mammals and fruit lies, have non
identical sex chromosomes (XY).
•Females have identical (XX) sex
chromosomes.
How is sex determined
and inherited?
Figure 3. Gamete formation involving only sex
chromosomes
Sex
chromosomes
Meiosis
Gametes
Figure 4: Sex determination
If an egg is fertilized by a sperm with a Y
chromosome, as shown in Figure 4, the
offspring is male. When an egg is fertilized by
a sperm carrying an X chromosome, the
offspring is female. Note that there is a 50
percent chance of having a male or female
offspring. The greater the number of
offspring, the greater is the chance of getting
the expected 1:1 ratio of male and female.
Activity 4: Girl or Boy ?
Objective:
Discuss how sex in humans is determined
Materials:
Activity sheets
Pen
paper
Procedure:
1. Draw a Punnett square which shows the inheritance
of the sex chromosomes. Represent the female sex
chromosomes with XX and the male sex chromosomes
with XY.
Guide Questions:
Q 13. What will be the sex of a child produced when an egg
is fertilized by a sperm that has a Y chromosome?
_________________________
Q 14. What type of sperm must fertilize an egg to result in
a female child?____________________
Q 15. Based on this Punnett Square, what percent of
children would you expect to be
male?___________________
Q 16. Which sex chromosome is present in both
male and female?__________________________