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  • Psyc 351: Psychology of Perception Week 4: Eye, Brain and The Visual Pathways

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    Ahmad Ali Akbar Phambra
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    1. The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the human eye, including the cornea, iris, retina, and visual pathways to the brain. 2. It describes how light enters the eye and is detected by photoreceptor cells in the retina, which transmit signals through the optic nerve and to visual processing areas in the brain. 3. The retina is involved in more than just image detection, as it provides up to 12 "movies" coding for abstract properties of the visual scene before the image reaches the brain for further processing.

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    Psyc 351Week4

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    1. The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the human eye, including the cornea, iris, retina, and visual pathways to the brain. 2. It describes how light enters the eye and is detected by photoreceptor cells in the retina, which transmit signals through the optic nerve and to visual processing areas in the brain. 3. The retina is involved in more than just image detection, as it provides up to 12 "movies" coding for abstract properties of the visual scene before the image reaches the brain for further processing.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    15 views46 pages

    Psyc 351: Psychology of Perception Week 4: Eye, Brain and The Visual Pathways

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Ali Akbar Phambra
    1. The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the human eye, including the cornea, iris, retina, and visual pathways to the brain. 2. It describes how light enters the eye and is detected by photoreceptor cells in the retina, which transmit signals through the optic nerve and to visual processing areas in the brain. 3. The retina is involved in more than just image detection, as it provides up to 12 "movies" coding for abstract properties of the visual scene before the image reaches the brain for further processing.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 46

    Psyc 351: Psychology of Perception

    Week 4
    Eye, Brain and the Visual Pathways
    Cornea (“hornlike”)
    Iris
    Sclera
    Pupil
    Lens
    Humors
    Retina
    Choroid / Tapetum
    Adult human eye, axial cross-section, right eye seen from above
    Pupil diameter
    Depth of field

    Adult human eye, axial cross-section, right eye seen from above
    Pupil Size
    A= πr2 , thus a16-fold increase in light transmission
    Pupil Diameter & Depth of Field
    Horizontal pupils, dilated verticals
    Insects’
    compound
    eyes
    Accommodation and refraction by cornea and lens
    Refractive errors:
    spherical and cylindrical
    Myopia
    Hyperopia
    Astigmatism

    Adult human eye, axial cross-section, right eye seen from above
    Refractive errors
    Floaters
    Blood
    vessels
    in the
    eye
    The
    Retina
    Retina
    The
    Retina
    Rods (120 million/eye)
    Cones (8 million/eye)
    Retina, continued
    • Duplex structure: Photopic and Scotopic
    • Collector cells (Horizontal and Amacrine)
    • Sensitivity - acuity tradeoff
    • Bleaching of photopigments
    Pathways to the Brain
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral Routes
    Pathways to the Brain
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral pathways
    Pathways to the Brain
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral Routes
    Pathways to the Brain
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral
    pathways
    Pathways
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral paths
    Pathways to the Brain
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral paths
    Pathways
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral paths
    Pathways
    Optic nerve, myelin sheath
    Optic chiasm
    Lateral geniculate
    Visual cortex
    Retinotopic maps
    Primate cortex
    Wiring diagram
    Dorsal vs. Ventral paths
    Coding Processes in Vision
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    Coding
    Steady state vs. change
    Conceptual model of retina
    Lateral inhibition: Limulus, eye
    Receptive fields
    LGN receptive fields
    Simple cells
    Motion cells in Area MT
    Hypercolumns
    V1 – V5 Summary
    Grandmother cells
    “The Movies in our Eyes”
    Frank Werblin & Botond Roska
    Scientific American, April 2007

    Key idea: the retina not only provides


    Image sharpening through lateral
    Inhibition and color separation.

    It provides up to 12 real-time “movies”


    coding for abstract properties
    in the image.
    Human Behavioral Evidence
    • Hermann Grid
    • Mach Bands, model
    • Aftereffects: McCollough, tilt, waterfall
    • Fortification images
    Human Evidence
    Hermann Grid
    Mach Bands, model
    Aftereffects:
    McCollough
    Tilt
    Waterfall
    Fortification images
    Human
    Evidence
    Hermann Grid
    Mach Bands, model
    Aftereffects:
    McCollough
    Tilt
    Waterfall
    Fortification images
    Human
    Evidence
    Hermann Grid
    Mach Bands, model
    Aftereffects:
    McCollough
    Tilt
    Waterfall
    Fortification images
    Human
    Evidence
    Hermann Grid
    Mach Bands, model
    Aftereffects:
    McCollough [Excel implementation of model]
    Tilt
    Waterfall
    Fortification images

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