STREAM SEMINAR

VISHAL CHATURANI
B. TECH (MECHANICAL)
114089
Dayalbagh Educational Institute
Automobile
Tyres
2
 INTRODUCTION
Tyre is a rubber member which gives the
cushion to the automobile. It consists of outer
cover i.e. tyre proper and tube inside.
The tyre-tube assembly is mounted over the
wheel rim and air inside the tube carries
entire load and provides cushion.

3
 Functions of tyre
To support the vehicle load.
To provide cushion against the shocks.
To transmit driving and braking forces to the
road.
To provide cornering power for smooth steering.

4
Properties of tyres
Non-skidding
Uniform wear
Load-carrying
Cushioning
Power consumption
Tyre noise
Balancing 5
 Types of tyres
Conventional tubed tyre.

Tubeless tyre.

6
Advantages of tubeless tyres
Lesser unsprung weight.
Better cooling.
Lesser rolling resistance.
Comfortable ride.
Slower leakage of air.
Simpler assembly.
Improved safety.
 NON PNEUMATIC TYRES
 Bridgestone Corporation announced it has developed “Air
Free Concept (Non-Pneumatic) Tire” at the 43 Tokyo
Motor Show 2013.

8
 INTRODUCTION
Since the earlier invention of a non-pneumatic wheel in
1920’s, the non-pneumatic tire (NPT) is getting more
attention due to its advantages over the pneumatic
counterpart.
Many design studies are still needed from the viewpoint
of material, pattern, and structures.
However, no systematic research for such important
design issues has been reported in the literature up to
now.

9
The airless tire is not a new idea –
“MichelinTweel” is just another example - but
Bridgestone claims that this is the first design of its
kind that is ready for mass production.

10
What makes tyres “AIR LESS”

• Structure of spokes stretching along the inner

sides of the tires supporting the weight of the
vehicle.
• A synthetic resin that becomes flexible when
heated, can be processed into a variety of shapes,
and becomes hard when cooled. The changes
from heating and cooling can generally be
repeated, making it easy to both mold and recycle
the material.Untitled.mp4
Flexing of
spokes
13
ADVANTAGES
The tires require less maintenance
The worry of punctures is eliminated.
The materials used in the tires and the spoke
structure are 100% recyclable.
Provides low rolling resistance and
contributing to reductions in co2 emissions.
Nothing to do with fuel efficiency in a direct
way, only offering the benefit that it will never
influence consumption.
 Increased versatility
Using high-strength but flexible high-
performance resin as a material has increased
versatility through improved load-bearing
capabilities and driving performance.
High-speed travel (maximum 60 km/h) in
ultralight vehicles has also become possible.

15
 Low rolling resistance
• About 90% of energy loss from tire rolling resistance comes from
repeated changes in the shape of tires as they roll. Bridgestone has
succeeded in making a significant reduction in energy loss by using
proprietary materials technologies and simplifying the structure of
the tires. As a result, these “Air Free Concept tire” have achieved
the same level of low rolling resistance as our pneumatic fuel-efficient
tires, making possible a contribution to reductions in CO2 emissions.

NOTE: 1. Still in the testing phase

2. There is no word on price or a release date for standard vehicle
versions.
 TWEEL by Michelin

Tweel for
Segway.
Tweel for
construction
vehicle

17
3D model of airless tire

18
 Michelin first announced the Tweel in 2005
The name is a combination of the words tire
and wheel because the Tweel doesn’t use a
traditional wheel hub assembly.
A solid inner hub mounts to the axle. That’s
surrounded by polyurethane spokes arrayed in
a pattern of wedges. A shear band is stretched
across the spokes, forming the outer edge of
the tire (the part that comes in contact with the
road).
 The tension of the shear band on the spokes
and the strength of the spokes themselves
replace the air pressure of a traditional tire.
The tread is then attached to the shear band.
The Tweel looks sort of like a very large,
futuristic bicycle wheel.
When the Tweel is put to the road, the spokes absorb
road impacts the same way air pressure does in
pneumatic tires. The tread and shear bands deform
temporarily as the spokes bend, then quickly spring
back into shape.
22
Bridgestone vs Michelin
Bridgestone’s prototype version looks very similar
to that of Michelin.
In Michelin’s design the thermoplastic fins are
staggered so that the connections to the hub and
the rim won’t torque causing complete structural
breakdown.

23
The biggest difference between the two tire maker’s wheels,
as pictured above, is the size of the supporting ribs. Michelin
focused on allowing the tires to be able to deform over
obstacles, making them more suitable for military applications
where as
Bridgestone has approached its tire from the consumer angle,
creating a highly recyclable tire that will cut down
on maintenance costs and time 24
 FUTURE CHALLENGES
• Goodyear in collaboration with
NASA Glenn Research Center
(GRC), develop non-pneumatic
tyres for use first on the moon,
and eventually on Mars.

25
• “The basic rubber-pneumatic design used on
Earth does not have the same utility on the moon,”
said NASA Principal Investigator Vivake Asnani.
• There are no lunar roads. Lunar tyres need to be
designed to develop traction on sandy undulated
terrain, in regions that humans have never even
seen up close.

26
• The Spring Tire has now been recognized
with a so-called “Oscar of Innovation” at
the 44th Annual R&D 100 Awards in
Orlando, Florida.

27
 REFERENCES
• www.google.com
• http://www.bridgestone.co.in/
• http://www.newindianexpress.com/business/
news/article284682.ece
• http://gizmodo.com/tag/tires
• http://www.toxel.com/tech/2009/07/05/innov
ative-airless-tires-by-michelin/.
THANK YOU