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Structure Analysis
with Workbench
and ANSYS
Steven Hale
Senior Engineering Manager
CAE Associates, Inc.
Introduction
2
Model Inputs
l Acoustics element types:
— FLUID29 (2D)
— FLUID30 (3D)
• Keyopt(2) = 0: Pressure, UX, UY, UZ dof
• Keyopt(2) = 1: Pressure dof
l Acoustics-structure interface
— Use an acoustics element with keyopt(2) = 0
— Apply a surface load to the interface nodes with a SF,,FSI command
• Note: for improved solution efficiency, constrain the displacement dofs for all acoustics nodes on
elements with keyopt(2) = 0 that are not at an interface with a structural element. This may also
prevent zero pivot warnings.
3
Model Inputs
l Material properties
— DENS: fluid density
— SONC: speed of sound in the fluid
• Equals the square root of the bulk modulus divided by the density
— MU: boundary admittance associated with the acoustic-structure interface.
• This is a dimensionless quantity between 0 and 1 that is equal to the ratio of the fluid’s
characteristic impedance to the real component of the specific acoustic impedance at the
interface.
• Mu = 0 means there is no sound absorption at the interface
• Mu = 1 means that there is complete sound absorption.
• Boundary admittance only takes effect when a IMPD surface load is also applied.
4
Boundary Conditions and Harmonic Analysis
l Loads:
— F,,FLOW: Point load input to the fluid (mass/time 2 units)
— Do not apply both a D constraint and a F load to the same point.
l Notes:
— Setting PRES to zero at an acoustic boundary will define a free surface.
— If no PRES or fluid loads are applied to a boundary than it behaves as a symmetry plane
with complete deflection of a pressure wave.
l Harmonic Analysis:
— Must use the FULL method (no mode superposition)
— Can use either PRES or FLOW forcing functions on the pure acoustics elements
— Can use standard structural load forcing functions on structural elements.
5
Mesh Density Considerations
6
Model Setup
l Workbench
— Import geometry
— Create the following named selection sets
• Solid for the air
• Surfaces at all interfaces between the air and the structures
— Apply constraints and loads on the surfaces of the structural bodies.
7
Model Setup
l Workbench
— Generate two all-tetrahedra meshes: One with higher order tets (midside
nodes kept) and one with lower order tets (midside nodes dropped).
— Fluid30 elements require the dropped midside nodes
• For the mesh with the higher-order tets, choose the option to use straight-
sided elements.
— This is necessary to obtain the same mesh for both the lower and higher-order
models.
• This method will work if meshes consist only of tetrahedral elements, so you
must insert a Method item under mesh to force an all-tetrahedra mesh.
8
Model Setup
9
Model Setup
l Combine the lower order mesh of the air with the higher order mesh of the
structures:
— Continuing with the previous tasks:
• Import the .cdb file containing the lower-order mesh of the air
— Example: cdread,db,air,cdb
• Merge everything, primarily to merge nodes at the acoustic-structure interface
— Nummrg,all
10
Model Setup, Solution, and Post-Processing
— Set up a harmonic analysis with the appropriate frequency range and number
of substeps
— Apply a structural damping ratio
— Solve the analysis
— Post-process to obtain a plot of the maximum pressure amplitudes in the air.
11
Model Setup, Solution, and Post-Processing
cm,ninterface,node HROPT,FULL
esln HROUT,ON
sf,all,fsi NSUBST,10,
allsel KBC,1
! solve
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