REVIEWER GT VIII

SMALL CALIBER AMMUNITION CMO HAVE 3 PILLARS

GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Info Support Affairs
1. Major Groups 2. Civil Affairs
2. Identification 3. Public Affairs
3. Approach INFO SUPPORT AFFAIRS
4. Hazards 1. Words
MAJOR GROUPS 2. Deeds
1. Ball 3. Counter-Propaganda
2. Tracer CIVIL AFFAIRS PROGRAMS COMPONENT
3. Dummy 1. Civil Action
4. Blank 2. Civil Relation
5. High Explosive (HE) PUBLIC AFFAIRS
6. High Explosive Incendiary (HEI) 1. Public Information
7. Armor Piercing (AP) 2. Civil Military Operation
8. Armor Piercing Incendiary with Tracer (API) 3. Community Relation
HAND GRENADES TYPES CMO PRINCIPLES
1. Fragmentation 1. Objective
2. Smoke 2. Offensive / Active
3. Incendiary 3. Mass
4. Offensive 4. Economy Force
5. Riot Control 5. Maneuver
6. Illuminating 6. Unity of Command
7. Practice, Training, and Inert 7. Security
TWO (2) TYPES OF SMOKE GRENADE 8. Surprise
1. Bursting Type 9. Simplicity
2. Burning Type THE CMO MODEL
TYPES OF BOMB 1. Enemy
1. Demolition 2. Civil Authorities
2. Fragmentation 3. Public / Community
3. General purpose INFORMATION OPERATION CONCEPT
4. Incendiary 1. OpSec (INTEL) - protect
5. Armor-piercing 2. PsyOp (ISA) (CMO) - attack
6. Destructor 3. MilDec (INTEL) - protect
7. Guided 4. EW (CEIS) - attack
8. Fire 5. Physical Attack (OPNS) - attack
9. Practice 6. Support to Diplomacy (DND) - inform
COMPONENTS OF BOMB 7. Physical Security (INTEL and OPNS) - protect
1. Body 8. CI (INTEL) - protect
2. Suspension lugs 9. CN Attack, Defense, Exp (CEIS) - all
3. Stabilizing devices 10. Public Affairs (CMO) - inform
4. Fuzing system 11. Civil Affairs (CMO) – inform
5. Arming wire assembly 3 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF INFORMATION OPERATION
TWO (2) TYPES OF LANDMINES 1. Protect
1. Antipersonnel (APERS) 2. Inform
2. Antitank (AT) 3. Attack
ANTIPERSONNEL (APERS) INFORMATION OPERATIONS
TWO (2) BASIC TYPES OF ANTIPERSONNEL 1. Information Superiority
1. Fragmentation 2. Information Environment
2. Blast 3. Information Operations as a Concept
ANTIPERSONNEL FRAGMENTATION CASE STUDY ON INSURGENCY
1. Bounding TWO BASIC FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENT
2. Fixed-directional 1. Dispensing Justice
DEMOLITION MATERIALS 2. Managing Violence
DOMESTIC EXPLOSIVES THREE FORMS OF OVERTHROWING THE GOVERNMENT
1. Ammonium Nitrate 1. Coup D’état
2. Pentaerythrite Tetranitrate (PETN) 2. Minority Opposition Supported by Foreign Country
3. Cyclotrimethlenetrinitramine (RDX) 3. Insurgency
4. Trinitrotoluene TWO CAUSES OF INSURGENCY
5. Tetryl 1. Behavioral Causes
6. Nitroglycerin 2. Structural Causes
7. Black Powder BEHAVIORAL CAUSES
8. Amatol 1. Relative Deprivation
9. Composition A3 2. Anomie
10. Composition B 3. Alienation of The Intellectuals
11. Composition B4 4. Elite Estrangement
12. Composition C4 (C4) 5. Loss of Elite Self-Confidence
13. Tetrytol STRUCTURAL CAUSES
14. Pentolite 1. Psycho-social
15. Dynamites 2. Political
PHYSICAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT DETECTION, RECOGNITION, AND 3. Economic
IDENTIFICATION ACCELERATORS
1. Size of Aircraft & Viewing Aspect 1. The inefficiency of the elite
2. Contrast w/ Background 2. Disorienting social processes
3. Visibility Conditions 3. Subversion
4. Terrain Masking 4. Facilities available to the potential insurgents
5. Markings Color & Camouflage RETARDANTS
6. Aircraft Clutter 1. Adjustive concessions
SYSTEMATIC METHODS OF SEARCH & SCAN 2. Diversions
1. Horizontal Search & Scan 3. Repression
2. Vertical Search & Scan 4. Facilities
IDENTIFICATION FEATURES (WEFT METHOD) 5. People
BASIC ELEMENTS OF AIRCRAFT PRIMARY POWER FACTORS
1. Wings 1. Leadership
2. Engine(s) 2. Ideology
3. Fuselage 3. Cadre
4. Tail

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 REVIEWER GT VIII
ULTIMATE OBJECTIVE OF INSURGENTS CATEGORIES OF COUNTERINTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS
1. Revolutionary 1. Military Security
2. Secessionist 2. Civil Security
3. Restoratorial 3. Port, Frontier, Travel Security
4. Reactionary 4. Censorship
5. Reformist 5. Special Operations
6. Conservative SCOPE OF CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES
INSURGENTS POWER FACTORS 1. Elements of Clandestine Activity
1. Cadre 2. Collection Techniques
2. Ideology 3. Reporting
3. Popular Support ELEMENTS OF OPERATIONAL SECURITY
4. External Support 1. Personal Security
IDEOLOGY MAJOR COMPONENTS 2. Physical Security
1. A commitment to a set of fundamental values 3. Cover
2. A theory of society 4. Compartmentation
3. A concept of an alternative future 5. Concealment
4. A program of action 6. Security of Clandestine Activity
EXTERNAL SUPPORT 7. Security of the Organization
1. Sanctuary VARIABLES AFFECTING OPERATING SECURITY
2. Insurgent’s secure base 1. Sensitivity of the target or of persons involved against the target
3. Intelligence 2. Quality and quantity of personnel
4. Accuracy and timeliness 3. Urgency of the task
REVOLUTIONARY PROCESS 4. Opposition
1. Causal process SOURCES OF INFORMATION
2. Intimidation process 1. Enemy Activities
3. Resource process 2. Prisoner of War
4. Guerilla action process 3. Local Residents
DESCRIBED AS THE CAUSE-RESOURCE PRINCIPLE 4. Refugees
1. Self-reliance 5. Evacuees
2. Frugal resource practices 6. Displaced Persons
3. Insurgents make it expensive for the government 7. Civilian Agencies
THREE OVERLAPPING PHASES OF INSURGENCY 8. Imagery
1. Phase I –Strategic Defensive 9. Maps
2. Phase II – Strategic Stalemate 10. Weather Forecast
3. Phase III – Strategic Offensive 11. Studies
PHASE I – STRATEGIC DEFENSIVE 12. Reports
1. Leadership 13. Captured Enemy documents and material
2. Organization FACTORS IN SELECTING AGENCIES
3. Acts of violence 1. Capability
INSURGENT CAPABILITIES 2. Suitability
1. Basic capability 3. Multiplicity
2. Supporting capability 4. Balance
3. Reinforcing capability PROCESSING THE COLLECTED INFORMATION ACTIVITIES
POTENTIAL INSURGENT VULNERABILITIES 1. Recording
1. Insurgent Intel Needs 2. Evaluation
2. Insurgent Organizational Structure 3. Analysis
3. Communication Requirements 4. Integration
4. Logistical Requirements 5. Interpretation
5. Tactical Operations HUMAN SOURCE INTELLIGENCE (HUMINT)
6. Political Isolation 1. Agents
COMBAT INTELLIGENCE 2. Informants
1. Interrogation 3. Observers
2. Ground and aerial surveillance and reconnaissance IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE (IMINT)
3. Signals intelligence (SIGINT) 1. Photo/Digital
4. Counterintelligence 2. Electro-Optical
5. Technical intelligence 3. Multispectral
6. Imagery interpretation (IMINT) 4. Infrared
7. Sensory data obtained from devices 5. Radar
COMPONENTS OF STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE OPEN SOURCE INTELLIGENCE (OSINT)
1. Capabilities 1. Public Documents
2. Vulnerabilities 2. Newspapers
3. Probable courses of action 3. Television and Radio
STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE EIGHT (8) COMPONENTS 4. Books and Journals
1. Biographic SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE
2. Geographic 1. COMINT (Communications)
3. Transportation and telecommunication 2. ELINT (Electronic)
4. Sociological 3. FISINT (Telemetry)
5. Political MEASUREMENT AND SIGNATURES INTELLIGENCE (MASINT)
6. Economic 1. ACINT (Acoustic)
7. Scientific 2. RADINT (Radiation)
8. Armed forces intelligence CLASSIFICATION OF IED’S
THREE (3) BROAD FIELDS OF MIL INTEL: 1. Lexicon classifies IED’s as ordnance
1. Strategic Intelligence 2. Ordnance may be used as IED main charge
3. IED’s should not be treated as UXOs
2. Combat Intelligence
4. IED’s have different TTPs than UXOs
3. Counterintelligence COMPONENTS OF IED (SPICEE)
BROAD CATEGORIES OF INTELLIGENCE 1. Switch
1. National Intelligence 2. Power Source
2. Departmental Intelligence 3. Initiator
3. Military Intelligence 4. Container
INTELLIGENCE CYCLE 5. Explosive Filler
1. Planning and Directing the Collection Effort 6. Enhancement
TYPICAL IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE TYPES
2. Collecting the Information 1. RCIED (Radio Controlled IED)
3. Processing the Collected Information 2. CWIED (Command Wire IED)
4. Disseminating and Using the Resulting Intelligence 3. VOIED (Victim operated IED)
MEASURES TO EFFECT COUNTERINTELLIGENCE 4. VBIED (Vehicle Borne IED)
1. Passive CI Measures 5. SVBIED (Suicide Vehicle Borne IED)/ PBIED (Person Borne IED) (Suicide
2. Active CI Measures IED)

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 REVIEWER GT VIII
BALL ARMOR PIERCING
- Bullet alone is called dead lead - Designed and used to defeat armor and hardened targets
TRACER GUIDED
- Identified by the orange tip of the bullet - TV or laser
DUMMY - Various components:
- Identified by indentations in the side of the cartridge casing, and missing - Guidance section
primer - Control section
BLANK PRACTICE
- Identified by the crimped end of the casing where a bullet would go - Used for target practice
HIGH EXPLOSIVE (HE) - Filled with concrete or wet sand
- Identified by green color with yellow markings, and U.S. HE rounds are IMPACT NOSE FUZE:
20mm and larger - vane operated and delay armed function on impact.
HIGH EXPLOSIVE INCENDIARY (HEI) IMPACT TAIL FUZE:
- Identified by yellow body with a red band, markings are in black - They are often used in conjunction with nose fuzes to assure bomb
- 20mm and larger detonation.
ARMOR PIERCING (AP) LONG DELAY FUZE:
- Identified by a black bullet tip - Delay time may be accomplished by chemical delay or clockwork.
ARMOR PIERCING INCENDIARY WITH TRACER (API) PROXIMITY FUZE:
- Black body with red and white markings - function automatically upon approaching an object.
HAND GRENADES HYDROSTATIC FUZE:
- Explosive munitions of a size and shape convenient for throwing by hand - water pressure initiates the mechanism that detonates the fuze.
HAND GRENADES THREE MAIN PARTS ELECTRIC FUZE:
BODY - Usually employ self- destruct feature.
- contains filler and, in certain grenades, also provides fragmentation. LANDMINES
FILLER LANDMINES
- smoke or explosive substance in the grenade, which determines - Land mines are designed to destroy vehicles and/or inflict casualties on
grenade use and characteristics personnel who step or drive on these munitions
FUZE ASSEMBLY TWO (2) TYPES OF LANDMINES
- causes the grenade to function by igniting or detonating the filler ANTIPERSONNEL (APERS)
HAND GRENADES TYPES - Used primarily to restrict or delay movement of enemy foot troops
1. FRAGMENTATION HAND GRENADES LANDMINNES ANTITANK (AT)
- Most common type of grenade - Much larger than APERS mines
- Used as offensive or defensive weapons - Usually have pressure or tilt-rod fuzing
- Have metal or plastic bodies that hold an explosive filler ANTIPERSONNEL MINES BLAST TYPE
- Produces high-velocity projection of fragments when they blow up - Depends on explosive force for damage
2. SMOKE GRENADES ANTIPERSONNEL FRAGMENTATION
- Burning-type grenades produce colored smoke FRAGMENTATION MINES BOUNDING TYPE
- Also known as a screening smoke - Placed beneath surface of ground
- Obscure military movements - Fragmentation projectile expels from mine body
- Blanket the enemy from observation FRAGMENTAION MINES FIXED DIRECTIONAL TYPE
- Spot artillery fire and bombing - Placed on the ground or attached to an obstacle
BURSTING - When mine explodes, fragments fan outward in a 60-degree arc above
- type smoke grenades are filled with WP and blow up when the fuze the ground
functions spreading the WP. SUBMUNITIONS
BURNING SUBMUNITIONS
- type grenades produce colored smoke - Are dispensed from various types of ordnance
- Also known as a screening smoke - Used to produce casualties and/or deny access to an area
3. INCENDIARY HAND GRENADES - Usually anti disturbance, delay, impact or combination
- Incendiaries - Usually anti-personnel but may be other types
 Start fires DOMESTIC EXPLOSIVES
 Intensify fires AMMONIUM NITRATE
 Harass and cause casualties - Ammonium nitrate is the least sensitive of the military explosives.
- Useful in destroying equipment and vital parts of materiel that might be PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE (PETN)
captured by the enemy - Its explosive potential is comparable to cyclonite (RDX) and
4. OFFENSIVE HAND GRENADES nitroglycerin.
- They are not designed to have a lot of fragmentation CYCLOTRIMETHLENETRINITRAMINE (RDX)
- Creates an area of over pressure from the explosive blast - It serves as a sub booster, booster, bursting charge, or demolition
- Commonly referred to as the concussion grenade (civilian “Flash Bang”) charge.
5. RIOT CONTROL HAND GRENADES TRINITROTOLUENE
- CN has a powerful lachrymal effect and is irritating to the upper - TNT is the most common military explosive.
respiratory passages TETRYL
- Irritates the skin, causing a burning and itching sensation - Tetryl is an effective booster charge in its non-composite form and a
6. ILLUMINATING HAND GRENADES bursting or a demolition charge in composite forms.
- Used for illuminating, signaling, and as an incendiary agent NITROGLYCERIN
7. PRACTICE, TRAINING, & INERT HAND GRENADES - Nitroglycerin is one of the most powerful high explosives.
PRACTICE GRENADES BLACK POWDER
- contain a small black powder spotting charge Used to simulate - Black powder is the oldest-known explosive and propellant
fragmentation grenades AMATOL
TRAINING GRENADES - Amatol is a mixture of ammonium nitrate and TNT
- are completely inert A mock-up of the real grenade, used to improve COMPOSITION A3
techniques in throwing accuracy - Containing 91 percent RDX and 9 percent wax.
INERT COMPOSITION B
- Live grenades that have had the explosives removed - Containing approximately 60 percent RDX, 39 percent TNT, and 1
PROJECTILE AND MORTARS percent wax.
PROJECTILES COMPOSITION B4
- From 37mm to 16 Inch Shells - Composition B4 contains 60 percent RDX, 39.5 percent TNT, and 0.5
BOMBS percent calcium silicate.
BOMBS COMPOSITION C4 (C4)
- Dropped - C4 is a composite explosive containing 91 percent RDX and 9 percent
- Big in size non-explosive plasticizers.
TYPES OF BOMB TETRYTOL
DEMOLITION - Tetrytol is a composite explosive containing 75 percent tetryl and 25
- Used to demolish enemy targets percent TNT.
PENTOLITE
FRAGMENTATION - Pentolite is a mixture of PETN and TNT.
- Used against personnel concentrations and equipment DYNAMITES
GENERAL PURPOSE STANDARD DYNAMITE
- Used for general purpose - contain nitroglycerin
- Old and new style MILITARY DYNAMITE
INCENDIARY - no nitroglycerin
- Said to be the most controversial type
- One of the most dangerous

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 REVIEWER GT VIII
SPECIAL DEMOLITION CHARGES AND ASSEMBLIES ENEMY
SHAPED DEMOLITION CHARGE - Enemies are armed units who intend to impose their will thru violent
- The shaped demolition charge used in military operations is a cylindrical means.
block of high explosive. CIVIL AUTHORITIES
TIME BLASTING FUSE - There actually no official definition as per AFP CMO Manual on who Civil
- The time blasting fuse transmits a delayed spit of flame to a nonelectric Authorities are
blasting cap. PUBLIC/ COMMUNITY
DETONATING CORD - We used to concern ourselves only with the immediate population that
- Detonating cord consists of a core of high explosive. habits w/in a geographical space.
BLASTING CAPS GUIDELINES
- Blasting caps are for detonating high explosives. TAKE ACTIONS
BLASTING CAPS TYPES - Are tangible events that are conducted deliberately, requires resources/
ELECTRIC BLASTING CAPS effort, and should have impact (may be intentional or unintentional)
- Use electric blasting caps when a source of electricity CONNECT THROUGH COMMUNICATION
NONELECTRIC BLASTING CAPS - The transfer of information from source to a recipient
- Initiate these caps with time-blasting fuse, a firing device, or detonating BUILD RELATIONSHIPS
cord. - Intangible connection by establishing rapport. Built over time
- Connecting to customers by advertising
AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION INFORMATION
- A visual skill taught to military personnel and civilian auxiliaries - Facts
- learning the external appearance of the aircraft, both friendly and hostile. - Knowledge
CONFUSION PROBLEM - 5th Dimension of Warfare
- Recognizing a friendly aircraft as hostile aircraft - Ability to Start, maintain and end wars/conflict
- Recognizing a hostile aircraft as friendly aircraft - Importance of which is expected to grow exponentially
SYSTEMATIC METHODS OF SEARCH & SCAN INFORMATION OPERATIONS
HORIZONTAL SEARCH & SCAN INFORMATION SUPERIORITY
- the observer should search from the horizon to 20 deg - UNCHALLENGE ABILITY to collect, process and disseminate
VERTICAL SEARCH & SCAN information
- observer should search the sky using horizon as starting point - Vital to NATIONAL INTEREST
IDENTIFICATION FEATURES (WEFT METHOD) - Allows superior DECISION-MAKING
BASIC ELEMENTS OF AIRCRAFT INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT
WINGS - Combination of INDIVIDUALS, ORGANIZATIONS and/or SYSTEMS
- to provide lift that deal with information
ENGINE(S) HUMAN
- to provide motive power - Individuals, group or organizations bound by similarities
FUSELAGE 1. Friendly
- to carry the payload and controls 2. Neutral
TAIL 3. Enemy
- assembly which usually controls the direction of flight INFRASTRUCTURE
CMO HAVE 3 PILLARS - facilities or systems created to support the utilization of information
INFO SUPPORT AFFAIRS DECISION-MAKING
- Are conducted to influence the beliefs. - product of analyzing and assessing information leading to action / effort
CIVIL AFFAIRS in any form
- coordination with civilian entities. EFFECTS
PUBLIC AFFAIRS - outcome of the particular effort or action which results to a physical or
- conduct of information related activities. behavioural change
INFO SUPPORT AFFAIRS INFORMATION OPERATION
WORDS (BACKGROUND)
- Involves the dissemination of any information, concept or idea.  Under the purview of Operations (AFP and UC)
DEEDS  Under CMO (Army and Division)
- Involves the conduct of combat and non-combat activities.  Still contested, undefined and unapplied
- Can also be called as “actions”  Being used natively
COUNTER-PROPAGANDA (CONCEPT)
- Involves the conduct of activities in response to enemy propaganda. - INTEGRATED and SYNCRONIZED use military and non-military
CIVIL AFFAIRS PROGRAMS COMPONENT CAPABILITIES in order to effect an Information Environment
CIVIL ACTION 3 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF INFORMATION OPERATION
- military initiated activities with developmental and sociological. PROTECT
CIVIL RELATIONS - Intended mostly to provide the unhampered and secure movement
- cooperation and collaboration between the military and civilian. of friendlies
- Can also be seen as military support to civil programs. INFORM
PUBLIC AFFAIRS - Mostly intended for neutrals in order to draw them towards friendly
PUBLIC INFORMATION side
- Information activities directed to the public ATTACK
CIVIL MILITARY OPERATION - Intended for hostiles
- Planned activities undertaken independently. THREE FORMS OF OVERTHROWING THE GOVERNMENT
COMMUNITY RELATION COUP D’ ETAT
- Activities that establishes and maintains constructive relations with the - the military is compelled to obey
communities. MINORITY OPPOSITION SUPPORTED BY FOREIGN COUNTRY
CMO PRINCIPLES - military is first engaged and defeated
OBJECTIVE INSURGENCY
- Direct every CMO towards a clearly defined decisive, and attainable - targets the population first
objective. BEHAVIORAL CAUSES
OFFENSIVE/ ACTIVE RELATIVE DEPRIVATION
- Seize, retain and exploit CMO initiative. - theory of rising expectation lagging realization
MASS ANOMIE
- The effect of CMO activities at significant place and time. - political disorientation due to excessive mobility
ECONOMY OF FORCE ALIENATION OF THE INTELLECTUALS
- Employ all CMO activities available in the most EFFECTIVE WAY - happens when intellectuals like scholars, writers, clergymen, scientist
POSSIBLE ELITE ESTRANGEMENT
MANEUVER - when the rulers, who often than not are the elites
- Place the enemy in a position of disadvantage place forces on a position LOSS OF ELITE SELF-CONFIDENCE
of advantage. - when the ruling elite torn by severe internal power struggle
UNITY OF COMMAND STRUCTURAL CAUSES
- Seek unity of command and unity of effort for every CMO objective PSYCHO-SOCIAL
SECURITY - conflicts in traditional social organizations and customs
- Forbid hostile factions to acquire an unexpected advantage. POLITICAL
SURPRISE - present or recent domination by a colonial power
- Strike when and where least expected. ECONOMIC
SIMPLICITY - widespread poverty
- Prepare clear, concise and uncomplicated CMO plans and order to - Grossly inequitable distribution of wealth and income
ensure through understanding.
THE CMO MODEL

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 REVIEWER GT VIII
LIMIT OF TOLERANCE ORGANIZATION AND TRAINING
ACCELERATORS - effective structure important to the movement
- forces that propel society to violence FINANCE AND LOGISTICS
RETARDANTS - ability to effectively use many collection techniques provide the needs of
- countervailing forces that tend to inhibit the development of internal wars the insurgents
BREACHING THE LIMIT OF TOLERANCE REINFORCING CAPABILITY
PRECIPITANT - ability to concentrate or reinforce insurgent’s effort in an area of activity
- is an incident or a series of incidents that tend to break the limit of REINFORCEMENT CAPABILITY
tolerance. “the straw that broke the camel’s back”. - predicated on the availability of resources and on the mission
ULTIMATE OBJECTIVE OF INSURGENTS POTENTIAL INSURGENT VULNERABILITIES
REVOLUTIONARY INSURGENT INTEL NEEDS
- establish new political values and structures - dependent on human source
SECESSIONIST INSURGENT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
- leave the existing political community and reconstitute a new one - command and control over the insurgent military structure
RESTORATORIAL COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS
- restore political values and structures of a recent past - large communication system may be needed to exercise command and
REACTIONARY control
- re-establish political values and structures of an idealist past LOGISTICAL REQUIREMENTS
REFORMIST - large portions of the logistical needs
- change the economic and political power distribution TACTICAL OPERATIONS
CONSERVATIVE - not as trained as the government forces
- retain existing political values and structure POLITICAL ISOLATION
INSURGENTS POWER FACTORS - maintain contact to keep the world aware of the insurgency
CADRE INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE
- nucleus of disciplined, trained and highly motivated members STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE
IDEOLOGY - A nation’s capabilities, vulnerabilities and probable courses of action
- denotes a system of practical beliefs - Knowledge on these data are vital
POPULAR SUPPORT TIME OF PEACE
- any revolution from below requires - PLANNING and execution of national security measures
EXTERNAL SUPPORT TIME OF WAR
- depends on the climate of world opinion - Conduct of military operations
REVOLUTIONARY PROCESS CAPABILITIES
CAUSAL PROCESS - A nation’s ability to take specific courses of action
- starts as political and social mediation collapse - Determined by an examination of a nation’s strengths and weaknesses
- Insurgents capture popular motivation VULNERABILITIES
INTIMIDATION PROCESS - Can determine its war potential or will to fight
- basically 100% political organization PROBABLE COURSES OF ACTION
RESOURCE PROCESS - Courses of action open to a nation that may be adopted for
- the expanding spiral dynamic accomplishing its national objectives
GUERILLA ACTION PROCESS DISTINCTION AND DERIVATION
- reinforce the causal process - Knowledge of foreign nations & Geographical or functional areas of
GUERILLA FORCE military operations
- basically designed to wage warfare against the civilian supporters of the COMBAT INTELLIGENCE
government - focuses on the enemy and the environment and is obtained through:
THREE OVERLAPPING PHASES OF INSURGENCY OVERLAPPING INTERESTS
PHASE I – STRATEGIC DEFENSIVE - Information gathered and intelligence produced for strategic purposes
- Beginnings difficult to recognize are useful in the conduct of tactical operations
PHASE I – STRATEGIC DEFENSIVE STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE EIGHT (8) COMPONENTS
LEADERDSHIP POLITICAL
- appears which is capable of crystallizing discontent - Strategic intelligence is concerned with the political affairs of all nations
ORGANIZATION concerned with the interests and security of the Philippines
- is established capable of planning, coordinating and executing actions - Begins with an assessment of the internal political dynamics of a country
ACTS OF VIOLENCE ECONOMIC
- are conducted to include the gov’t to respond to alienate the people - Financial matters of a country, household, etc.
PHASE II – STRATEGIC STALEMATE - Analyzes the factors of production, distribution, and consumption of
- Insurgents movement, having developed enough organization and wealth
generated local and external support TRANSPORTATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION
TRANSPORTATION INTELLIGENCE
GUERILLA - Operation of railways, highways, petroleum pipelines, inland waterways,
- expansion of the underground organization ports, merchant marine and civil aviation systems
PHASE III – STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE TELECOMMUNICATION INTELLIGENCE
- Regular type military forces have been organized on regional and - Technology of communicating at a distance
sometimes nationwide basis - Radio, television, telegraphy (land and submarine lines), telephones
INSURGENT CAPABILITIES SOCIOLOGY
BASIC CAPABILITY - study of groups of human beings.
- activity aimed directly and immediately toward the overthrow of gov’t BIOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE
NON-VIOLENT ACTIVITES - Study of individual personalities of actual or potential significance
- directed toward bringing about changes in the political, economic and - Contributes immensely towards an understanding of the sociological and
social framework political components
NON-VIOLENT ACTIVITES ARMED FORCES INTELLIGENCE
POLITICAL - Deals with the direct, physical means by which a nation conducts warfare
- attempt to influence the direction, control and authority exercised over GEOGRAPHICAL INTELLIGENCE
the nation - Evaluation of all geographic factors or the physical environment of man
ECONOMIC that may influence or affect military plans and operations
- attempt to affect the production, distribution and consumption of MILITARY REGION
resources to impair the effectiveness of the government - is of any size, and consists of areas with relatively uniform
SOCIOLOGICAL characteristics,
- exploit traditional social and behavioural SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE
TERRORISTIC ACTIVITIES - The study of the scientific and technological capacities and development
- to intimidate the people. Applied selectively or indiscriminately. of a nation as these affect its economic or military potential
GUERILLA OPERATIONS SHIP IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION
- indicate advance stages of the insurgency RECOGNITION
CONVENTIONAL TACTICAL OPNS - the act of recognizing or the condition of being recognized.
- ability to attack, defend and withdraw - the determination of the character or nature of a target by visual means.
SUPPORTING CAPABILITY IDENTIFICATION
- activity which pertains directly to the maintenance of insurgent’s
- The act of identifying, or proving to be the same.
movements and only indirectly to the downfall of the gov’t
SUPPORTING CAPABILITY - Pinpointing of an unknown target by various means.
INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY INTELLIGENCE
- vital to survival of the insurgents - An end product.
RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION - An activity involved in the production of that end product.
- aggressive recruitment vital to the attainment of the expanded objectives - An organization that produces the end product.

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 REVIEWER GT VIII
BROAD CATEGORIES OF INTELLIGENCE: TYPE OF POWER SOURCE
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE DIRECT CURRENT (DC)
- concerning the broad aspect of national policy and national security. - through a circuit in just one direction.
DEPARTMENTAL INTELLIGENCE ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC)
- agency or department of the government in order to execute its mission - electric current that flows through a circuit in both directions.
and discharge its responsibilities. MECHANICAL
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE - energy is stored or applied energy that result in physical movement of
- execution of military plans, policies, programs. an IED component.
INTELLIGENCE CYCLE INITIATOR
- Four-phase cycle - any component that may be used to start detonation or deflagration.
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE: TYPES OF INITIATOR
- neutralization of espionage, sabotage, subversion, or other inimical ELECTRICAL INITIATOR
foreign intelligence activities. - initiated by an electric impulse that creates heat or a spark.
MEASURES TO EFFECT COUNTERINTELLIGENCE NON-ELECTRIC
PASSIVE CI MEASURES - initiator that functions by other than non-electric means.
- Seek to conceal information from the enemy. CONTAINER
ACTIVE CI MEASURES - Items that commonly houses the whole IED.
- Seek to actively block the enemy’s attempt to gain information EXPLOSIVE FILLER
CATEGORIES OF COUNTERINTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS - The explosive charge is which is provided to accomplish the end result
MILITARY SECURITY of ammunition.
- Measures taken by a command to protect itself from espionage, enemy TYPES OF FILLER
observation, subversion, sabotage or surprise. HIGH EXPLOSIVES
CIVIL SECURITY - capable of supporting or sustaining a detonation wave.
- Encompasses active and passive CI measures affecting the non-military LOW EXPLOSIVES
nationals. - designed to deflagrate and generally require confinement to explode.
PORT, FRONTIER, TRAVEL SECURITY DIRECTIONAL EFFECTS
- concerned with the application of both military and civilian. SHAPED CHARGED
CENSORSHIP - focus energy to penetrate hard targets.
- Control and examination of communication to prevent information. EXPLOSIVELY FORMED PROJECTILE/PENETRATOR
SPECIAL OPERATIONS - Metallic concave plate explosively formed into a projectile.
- techniques and procedures in the conduct of clandestine or covert DIRECTIONAL CHARGES
operations. - Directional effects.
CLANDESTINE ACTIVITY: ENHANCEMENT
- Secret activities undertaken by professional organization. - Optional components that modify the effects of the IED.
TYPICAL IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE TYPES
INTELLIGENCE CYCLE RCIED (RADIO CONTROLLED IED)
PLANNING AND DIRECTING THE COLLECTION EFFORT: - initiated electronically with a wireless method consisting of transmitter
-Sequence of intelligence planning and a receiver.
COLLECTING THE INFORMATION: CWIED (COMMAND WIRE IED)
- Thorough knowledge of the available sources of information and - Initiated by hard wire attached to some sort of power source, similar to
collecting agencies and the type of information they can provide. that of the claymore mine
FACTORS IN SELECTING AGENCIES VOIED (VICTIM OPERATED IED)
CAPABILITY - Tripwire, pressure plate, bait or passive infrared sensor initiation.
- Physically capable of providing information in timely manner Initiated by actions of an unsuspecting person.
SUITABILITY PASSIVE INFRA RED (PIR)
- Must be compatible with its primary mission. - Technology senses changes caused by the transient motion of a heat
MULTIPLICITY source; vehicle engine body etc.
- Evaluation requires that it is compared with information received from VBIED (VEHICLE BORNE IED)
other sources. - A vehicle filled with explosives inside.
BALANCE SVBIED (SUICIDE VEHICLE BORNE IED)/ PBIED (PERSON BORNE IED)
- Collection workload is balanced among agencies (SUICIDE IED)
PROCESSING THE COLLECTED INFORMATION: - The suicide IED is also known as a suicide bomber. The explosives are
- Information is converted into intelligence attached to a person.
PROCESSING THE COLLECTED INFORMATION ACTIVITIES
RECORDING
- Reducing the information into writing or some form of graphical
representation.
EVALUATION
- basis for its subsequent interpretation.
- Determines the pertinence of information.
- Determines reliability of the source and agency and its accuracy.
ANALYSIS
- Information is subjected to review in order to satisfy significant facts and
derive conclusion.
INTEGRATION
- Combination of the elements isolated in analysis with other known
information related
INTERPRETATION
- Act of determining the significance of a known condition.
DISSEMINATING AND USING THE RESULTING INTELLIGENCE
- Timely conveyance of information/intelligence in an appropriate form
and by any suitable means to those who need it.
PACOM IED AWARENESS 2017
IMPROVISE EXPLOSIVE DEVICE (IED)
- is a weapon that is fabricated or emplaced in an unconventional manner.
COMPONENTS OF IED (SPICEE)
SWITCH
- a device for making, breaking or changing a connection in an IED.
TYPES OF SWITCHES
TIMED SWITCHES
- Designed to function after a pre-set delay.
COMMAND SWITCHES
- activated by attacker in order to control the moment of initiation.
RADIO CONTROLLED SWITCH
- Initiated electronically by wireless means consisting of a
transmitter/receiver.
VICTIM OPERATED SWITCHES
- that is activated by the actions of an unsuspecting individual (VO).
POWER SOURCE
- either stores or release electrical or mechanical energy.

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