1.

Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring,

either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the
offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their
parents. ... The study of heredity in biology isgenetics.

2. genetics. The study of heredity, or how the characteristics of living

things are transmitted from one generation to the next. Every living
thing contains the geneticmaterial that makes up DNA molecules.
This material is passed on when organisms reproduce. The basic unit
of heredity is the gene.

3. Genes are a set of instructions that determine what the organism is

like, itsappearance, how it survives, and how it behaves
in its environment. Genes are made of a substance called
deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. They give instructions for a living
being to make molecules called proteins.

4. The phenotype is the physical expression, or characteristics, of that

trait. For example, two organisms that have even the minutest
difference in their genes are said to have different genotypes.

5. The genotype is the set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for
a particular trait.

6. Allele. An allele is a viable DNA (deoxyribonucleic

acid) coding that occupies a given locus (position)
on a chromosome. Usually alleles are sequences
that code for a gene, but sometimes the term is used
to refer to a non-gene sequence. ... An organism
which has two different alleles of the gene is called
heterozygous.
7. he Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to
predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding
experiment. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who
devised the approach. The diagram is used by biologists to
determine the probability of an offspring having a
particular genotype. The Punnett square is a tabular
summary of possible combinations of maternal alleles with
paternal alleles.[1] These tables can be used to examine the
genotypical outcome probabilities of the offspring of a single
trait (allele), or when crossing multiple traits from the
parents. The Punnett square is a visual representation
of Mendelian inheritance. It is important to understand the
terms "heterozygous", "homozygous", "double heterozygote"
(or homozygote), "dominant allele" and "recessive allele"
when using the Punnett square method. For multiple traits,
using the "forked-line method" is typically much easier than
the Punnett square. Phenotypes may be predicted with at
least better-than-chance accuracy using a Punnett square,
but the phenotype that may appear in the presence of a
given genotype can in some instances be influenced by
many other factors, as when polygenic
inheritance and/or epigenetics are at work.
8. Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants,
discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He
deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited
as distinct units, one from each
parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental
genes and theirappearance in the offspring as
dominant or recessive traits.

9.The chromosomes of a cell are in the cell

nucleus. They carry the genetic
information. Chromosomes are made up of DNA
and protein combined as chromatin.
Each chromosome contains many genes. ... When
they duplicate,chromosomes look like the letter "X"

10. Codominance. From Biology-Online Dictionary |

Biology-Online Dictionary.Definition. (genetics) A
form of dominance in which the alleles of a gene pair
in a heterozygote are fully expressed thereby
resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither
dominant nor recessive. Supplement.