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Literaturetimelineofphilippineliterature 180202154111 PDF
Literaturetimelineofphilippineliterature 180202154111 PDF
The first period of the Philippine literary history is the longest. Long time before the Spaniards and other
foreigners landed on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of
our race.
RIDDLES (bugtong) – battle of wits among participants. It is called Tigmo in Cebu, Paktakon in Ilonggo and
Patotdon in Bicol.
PROVERBS (salawikain) – wise sayings that contain a metaphor used to teach as a food for thought.
TANAGA – one stanza poems consisted usually of four lines with seven syllables, all lines rhyming.
FOLK SONGS – one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the Pre-Spanish period.
FOLK TALES MYTHS – explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain
characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora and fauna
FANTASY STORIES – deal with underworld characters such as tiyanak, aswang, kapre and so on.
EPICS – these are narratives of sustained length based on oral tradition revolving around supernatural events or
heroic deeds. Ex: Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocano), Hinilawod (Panay), Kudaman (Palawan), Darangen (Maranao)
FOLK TALES – made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor where one can derive lessons
about life.
1565-1863
Spanish occupied Philippines in early 15 th century. The Spanish colonization period has two distinct
classifications – religious and secular.
RELIGIOUS LITERATURE – religious lyrics written by Ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and
Tagalog were included in early catechism.
a. Pasyon – long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ.
1704 – Mahal Na Pasion ni Jesu Cristo,
b. Senakulo – dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the passion and death of Christ.
a. Awit – colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting. Ex: Ibong Adarna
b. Korido – metrical tale written in octosyllabic quatrains. Ex: Florante and Laura by Francisco Baltazar
c. Prose Narratives - written to prescribe proper decorum.
1879 – Modesto de Castro’s “Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na si Urbana at si Feliza” and Joaquin
Tuason’s “Ang Bagong Robinson”
Kundiman – is a Filipino love song traditionally sung by a man wooing the woman of his dreams.
RELIGIOUS DRAMA – setting forth events recorded in the Bible or moral lessons to be drawn from religio us
teaching.
a. Why Woman Wash the Dishes – this is filled with humor and antiques.
POETRY –an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic language.
JOSE DELA CRUZ (1746-1829) – he was the foremost exponent of the komedya during his time.
FRANCISO BALTAZAR (1788-1862) – he was popularly called Balagtas, he is the acknowledged master of
traditional Tagalog poetry.
1864-1896
Literary Forms under this period include propaganda literature and revolutionary literature.
a. POLITICAL ESSAYS – satires, editorials and news articles were written to attack and expose the evils
of Spanish rule.
i. 1882 – Diariong Tagalog
ii. 1888 – La Solidaridad
b. POLITICAL NOVELS
i. 1887 – Noli Me Tangere
ii. 1891 – El Filibusterismo
REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE – more propagandistic than literary as it is more violent in nature and
demanded complete independence for the country.
1896-1899
JOSE RIZAL
a. 1896 – Mi Ultimo Adios – a poem written by Jose Rizal that was one of the last notes he wrote before his
death.
1888 – Dasalan at Tocsohan –a satire on the friars’ hypocrisy, licentiousness and greed sarcasm.
ANDRES BONIFACIO
1896 – Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa –directed to the Filipinos in order to arouse their spirit of nationalism and
self-dependence.
1901-1946
Philippine literature in English, as a direct result of American colonization of the country, could not escape being
imitative of American models of writing especially during its period of apprenticeship.
NOVEL
i. Jose Garcia Villa – earned the international title “Poet of the Century”.
During this period, writers were given the chance to write in newspapers. Some of these newspapers were:
1902 – Ang Kaluwasan (Cebuano)
1903 – Muling Pagsilang (Tagalog)
1913 – Makinaugalingon (Ilonggo)
1908 – Nueva Era (Ilokano)
The best-known magazines that capitalized on short stories and poems were:
1922 – Liwayway (Tagalog)
1930 – Bisaya (Cebuano)
1934 – Hiligaynon (Ilonggo)
1934 – Bannawag (Ilokano)
1946-1960
1950 – Philippines Cross Section – a collection of prose and poetry by Maximo Ramos and Florentino Valeros
REPUBLIC PERIOD
1960-1985
1967 – Horizons Least – a collection of works by Artemio Patacsil and Silverio Baltazar
1970s
The government took part in reviving old plays like the Cenaculo, the Zarzuela and the Embayoka of the Muslims.
Radio and Television – Radio continued to be patronized during this period. The play series like SI MATAR,
DAHLIA, ITO AND PALAD KO, and MR. LONELY were the forms of recreation of those without television.
Filipino Films - A yearly Pista ng mga Pelikulng Pilipino (Yearly Filipino Film Festival) was held during this
time.
Maynila…sa mga Kuko ng Liwanag – Bembol Roco was the lead role.
Minsa’y Isang Gamu-Gamo; Nora Aunor was the principal performer here.
Ganito Kami Noon…Paano Kayo Ngayon: led by Christopher de Leon and Gloria Diaz.
Comics, Magazines and other Publications - News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism and the
like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape and robberies.
Filipino Poetry – Poems during this period were romantic and revolutionary.
Filipino Songs – Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were really true-to-life like those of grief, poverty,
aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and of fellowmen.
1986-PRESENT
Things that were used and exercised during the Contemporary Period are:
Onomatopoeia – the use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
Messages in Poetry – the idea about life that a poet writes about is called the theme or message of the poem.
1986 - The action of martial rule by President Ferdinand Marcos last September 21,1972 does not only oppress
the writers' right to free expression but also created conditions that made collaboration and cooperation convenie nt
choices for artists' struggling for recognition and survival.
1997 – sa Ngalan Ng Ina, by prize-winning poet-critic Lilia Quindoza Santiago, is, to date, the most
comprehensive compilation of feminist writing in the Philippines.
1998 – Many are writing novels. As fictionist Rony Diaz noted as judge, he had to read 350 novel entries for the
Philippine centennial literary contest in 1998.
2000s
Many novels in English seem to have been written for literary contests like Palanca and Asia Man.
2010s
The debate over textual and contextual criticism, balagtasismo and modernism, formalism and histor ica l
criticism has persisted to this day in the academe. The more popular but banal issue is called “literature (art)
and propaganda.”
Overall, the character of the Philippine literary scene after "EDSA" maybe pinpointed be referring to the theories
that inform literary production, to the products issuing from the publishers, to the dominant concerns
demonstrated by the writers' output, and to the direction towards which literary studies are tending.