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Need to analyze The Scarlet Letter or To Kill a

:
 Mockingbird for English class, but fumbling for the The 5
right vocabulary and concepts for literary devices? Strategies
You
You've come to the right place. To successfully
Must
interpret and analyze literary texts, you'll first Be
need to have a solid foundation in literary Using
terms and their definitions. to
Improve
In this article, we'll help you get familiar with most 160+
commonly used literary devices in prose and SAT
Points
poetry. We'll give you a clear definition of each of
the terms we discuss along with examples of
literary elements and the context in which they
most often appear (comedic writing, drama, or How to
other). Get a
Perfect
Before we get to the list of literary devices, 1600,
by a
however, we have a quick refresher on what
Perfect
literary devices are and how understanding them Scorer
will help you analyze works of literature.

Series: How to
Get 800 on Each
SAT Section:
What Are Literary Devices and
Why Should You Know Them?

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800
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how it a!ects
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Math ReadingWriting

Literary devices are techniques that writers use

Series: How to
to create a special and pointed e!ect in their
Get to 600 on
writing, to convey information, or to help
Each SAT
readers understand their writing on a deeper Section:
level.

Often, literary devices are used in writing for

emphasis or clarity. Authors will also use literary
:
 devices to get readers to connect more strongly
with either a story as a whole or specific
characters or themes. Score Score Score
600 600 600
So why is it important to know di"erent literary on on on
devices and terms? Aside from helping you get SAT SAT SAT
good grades on your literary analysis homework, Math ReadingWriting
there are several benefits to knowing the
techniques authors commonly use.

Being able to identify when di!erent literary Free

techniques are being used helps you Complete
O"cial
understand the motivation behind the
SAT
author's choices. For example, being able to Practice
identify symbols in a story can help you figure out Tests
why the author might have chosen to insert these
focal points and what these might suggest in
regard to her attitude toward certain characters,
What
plot points, and events.
SAT
Target
In addition, being able to identify literary devices Score
can make a written work's overall meaning or Should
purpose clearer to you. For instance, let's say You Be
you're planning to read (or re-read) The Lion, the Aiming
For?
Witch, and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis. By
knowing that this particular book is a religious
allegory with references to Christ (represented by
the character Aslan) and Judas (represented by 15
Edmund), it will be clearer to you why Lewis uses Strategies
certain language to describe certain characters to
Improve
and why certain events happen the way they do.
Your
SAT
Essay

Michael
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 improved
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Finally, literary techniques are important to know

FIND
because they make texts more interesting and
OUT
more fun to read. If you were to read a novel
without knowing any literary devices, chances are
you wouldn't be able to detect many of the layers !839$B,H>(C)1
of meaning interwoven into the story via di"erent
techniques.
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Now that we've gone over why you should spend
some time learning literary devices, let's take a Get the latest
look at some of the most important literary articles and test
elements to know. prep tips!

7>>F.,G$H>(
List of Literary Devices: 31 /(31038)$!<4>>-
Literary Terms You Should #)28$'()*I
Know Check out our top-rated
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Below is a list of literary devices, most of which

:
 you'll often come across in both prose and poetry.
We explain what each literary term is and give you
an example of how it's used. This literary elements
list is arranged in alphabetical order.

Allegory

An allegory is a story that is used to represent a

more general message about real-life (historical)
issues and/or events. It is typically an entire book,
novel, play, etc.

Example: George Orwell's dystopian book

Animal Farm is an allegory for the events
preceding the Russian Revolution and the
Stalinist era in early 20th century Russia. In
the story, animals on a farm practice
animalism, which is essentially communism.
Many characters correspond to actual
historical figures: Old Major represents both
the founder of communism Karl Marx and
the Russian communist leader Vladimir
Lenin; the farmer, Mr. Jones, is the Russian
Czar; the boar Napoleon stands for Joseph
Stalin; and the pig Snowball represents Leon
Trotsky.

Alliteration

Alliteration is a series of words or phrases that all

(or almost all) start with the same sound. These
sounds are typically consonants to give more
stress to that syllable. You'll often come across
alliteration in poetry, titles of books and poems
:
 (Jane Austen is a fan of this device, for example—
just look at Pride and Prejudice and Sense and
Sensibility), and tongue twisters.

Example: "Peter Piper picked a peck of

pickled peppers." In this tongue twister, the
"p" sound is repeated at the beginning of all
major words.

Allusion

Allusion is when an author makes an indirect

reference to a figure, place, event, or idea
originating from outside the text. Many allusions
make reference to previous works of literature or
art.

Example: "Stop acting so smart—it's not like

you're Einstein or something." This is an
allusion to the famous real-life theoretical
physicist Albert Einstein.

Anachronism

An anachronism occurs when there is an

(intentional) error in the chronology or timeline of
a text. This could be a character who appears in a
di"erent time period than when he actually lived,
or a technology that appears before it was
invented. Anachronisms are often used for
comedic e!ect.

Example: A Renaissance king who says,

"That's dope, dude!" would be an
:
 anachronism, since this type of language is
very modern and not actually from the
Renaissance period.

Anaphora

Anaphora is when a word or phrase is repeated at

the beginning of multiple sentences throughout a
piece of writing. It's used to emphasize the
repeated phrase and evoke strong feelings in the
audience.

Example: A famous example of anaphora is

Winston Churchill's "We Shall Fight on the
Beaches" speech. Throughout this speech,
he repeats the phrase "we shall fight" while
listing numerous places where the British
army will continue battling during WWII. He
did this to rally both troops and the British
people and to give them confidence that
they would still win the war.

Anthropomorphism

An anthropomorphism occurs when something

nonhuman, such as an animal, place, or inanimate
object, behaves in a human-like way.

Example: Children's cartoons have many

examples of anthropomorphism. For
example, Mickey and Minnie Mouse can
speak, wear clothes, sing, dance, drive cars,
etc. Real mice can't do any of these things,
but the two mouse characters behave much
:
 more like humans than mice.

Asyndeton

Asyndeton is when the writer leaves out

conjunctions (such as "and," "or," "but," and "for")
in a group of words or phrases so that the
meaning of the phrase or sentence is emphasized.
It is often used for speeches since sentences
containing asyndeton can have a powerful,
memorable rhythm.

Example: Abraham Lincoln ends the

Gettysburg Address with the phrase "...and
that government of the people, by the
people, for the people shall not perish from
the Earth." By leaving out certain
conjunctions, he ends the speech on a more
powerful, melodic note.

Colloquialism

Colloquialism is the use of informal language and

slang. It's often used by authors to lend a sense
of realism to their characters and dialogue.
Forms of colloquialism include words, phrases,
and contractions that aren't real words (such as
"gonna" and "ain't").

Example: "Hey, what's up, man?" This piece

of dialogue is an example of a colloquialism,
since it uses common everyday words and
phrases, namely "what's up" and "man."
:
 Epigraph

An epigraph is when an author inserts a famous

quotation, poem, song, or other short passage or
text at the beginning of a larger text (e.g., a book,
chapter, etc.). An epigraph is typically written
by a di!erent writer (with credit given) and
used as a way to introduce overarching
themes or messages in the work. Some pieces
of literature, such as Herman Melville's 1851 novel
Moby-Dick, incorporate multiple epigraphs
throughout.

Example: At the beginning of Ernest

Hemingway's book The Sun Also Rises is an
epigraph that consists of a quotation from
poet Gertrude Stein, which reads, "You are
all a lost generation," and a passage from the
Bible.

Epistrophe

Epistrophe is similar to anaphora, but in this case,

the repeated word or phrase appears at the end
of successive statements. Like anaphora, it is used
to evoke an emotional response from the
audience.

Example: In Lyndon B. Johnson's speech,

"The American Promise," he repeats the
word "problem" in a use of epistrophe:
"There is no Negro problem. There is no
Southern problem. There is no Northern
problem. There is only an American
:
 problem."

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Hemingway, deep in thought about what

quotation to choose for his epigraph.
:
 Euphemism

A euphemism is when a more mild or indirect

word or expression is used in place of another
word or phrase that is considered harsh, blunt,
vulgar, or unpleasant.

Example: "I'm so sorry, but he didn't make

it." The phrase "didn't make it" is a more
polite and less blunt way of saying that
someone has died.

Flashback

A flashback is an interruption in a narrative that

depicts events that have already occurred, either
before the present time or before the time at
which the narration takes place. This device is
often used to give the reader more background
information and details about specific
characters, events, plot points, and so on.

Example: Most of the novel Wuthering

Heights by Emily Brontë is a flashback from
the point of view of the housekeeper, Nelly
Dean, as she engages in a conversation with
a visitor named Lockwood. In this story, Nelly
narrates Catherine Earnshaw's and
Heathcli"'s childhoods, the pair's budding
romance, and their tragic demise.

Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing is when an author indirectly hints

:
 at—through things such as dialogue, description,
or characters' actions—what's to come later on in
the story. This device is often used to introduce
tension to a narrative.

Example: Say you're reading a fictionalized

account of Amelia Earhart. Before she
embarks on her (what we know to be
unfortunate) plane ride, a friend says to her,
"Be safe. Wouldn't want you getting lost—or
worse." This line would be an example of
foreshadowing because it implies that
something bad ("or worse") will happen to
Earhart.

Hyperbole

Hyperbole is an exaggerated statement that's not

meant to be taken literally by the reader. It is
often used for comedic e!ect and/or emphasis.

Example: "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."

The speaker will not literally eat an entire
horse (and most likely couldn't), but this
hyperbole emphasizes how starved the
speaker feels.

Imagery

Imagery is when an author describes a scene,

thing, or idea so that it appeals to our senses
(taste, smell, sight, touch, or hearing). This device
is often used to help the reader clearly visualize
parts of the story by creating a strong mental
:
 picture.

Example: Here's an example of imagery

taken from William Wordsworth's famous
poem "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud":

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host of golden Da"odils;
Beside the Lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Irony

Irony is when a statement is used to express an

opposite meaning than the one literally expressed
by it. There are three types of irony in literature:

Verbal irony: When someone says

something but means the opposite (similar
to sarcasm).

Situational irony: When something

happens that's the opposite of what was
expected or intended to happen.

Dramatic irony: When the audience is

aware of the true intentions or outcomes,
while the characters are not. As a result,
certain actions and/or events take on
di"erent meanings for the audience than
they do for the characters involved.

Examples:

Verbal irony: One example of this type

of irony can be found in Edgar Allan
:
 Poe's "The Cask of Amontillado." In this
short story, a man named Montresor
plans to get revenge on another man
named Fortunato. As they toast,
Montresor says, "And I, Fortunato—I
drink to your long life." This statement
is ironic because we the readers
already know by this point that
Montresor plans to kill Fortunato.

Situational irony: A girl wakes up late

for school and quickly rushes to get
there. As soon as she arrives, though,
she realizes that it's Saturday and there
is no school.

Dramatic irony: In William

Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet,
Romeo commits suicide in order to be
with Juliet; however, the audience
(unlike poor Romeo) knows that Juliet is
not actually dead—just asleep.
:
 Poe was a fan of irony—and ravens.

Juxtaposition

Juxtaposition is the comparing and contrasting of

two or more di"erent (usually opposite) ideas,
characters, objects, etc. This literary device is often
used to help create a clearer picture of the
characteristics of one object or idea by
comparing it with those of another.

Example: One of the most famous literary

examples of juxtaposition is the opening
passage from Charles Dickens' novel A Tale
of Two Cities:
:
 "It was the best of times, it was the worst of
times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the
age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief,
it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the
season of Light, it was the season of
Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was
the winter of despair …"

Malapropism

Malapropism happens when an incorrect word is

used in place of a word that has a similar sound.
This misuse of the word typically results in a
statement that is both nonsensical and humorous;
as a result, this device is commonly used in
comedic writing.

Example: "I just can't wait to dance the

flamingo!" Here, a character has accidentally
called the flamenco (a type of dance) the
flamingo (an animal).

Metaphor/Simile

Metaphors are when ideas, actions, or objects are

described in non-literal terms. In short, it's when
an author compares one thing to another. The two
things being described usually share something in
common but are unalike in all other respects.

A simile is a type of metaphor in which an

object, idea, character, action, etc., is compared to
another thing using the words "as" or "like."
:
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Both metaphors and similes are often used in

writing for clarity or emphasis.

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Examples:

"What light through yonder window breaks?

It is the east, and Juliet is the sun." In this line
from Romeo and Juliet, Romeo compares
Juliet to the sun. However, because Romeo
doesn't use the words "as" or "like," it is not
a simile—just a metaphor.

"She is as vicious as a lion." Since this

statement uses the word "as" to make a
:
 comparison between "she" and "a lion," it is
a simile.

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Metonym

A metonym is when a related word or phrase is

substituted for the actual thing to which it's
referring. This device is usually used for poetic or
rhetorical e"ect.

Example: "The pen is mightier than the

sword." This statement, which was coined by
Edward Bulwer-Lytton in 1839, contains two
examples of metonymy: "the pen" refers to
"the written word," and "the sword" refers to
"military force/violence."

Mood
:
 Mood is the general feeling the writer wants the
audience to have. The writer can achieve this
through description, setting, dialogue, and word
choice.

Example: Here's a passage from J.R.R.

Tolkien's The Hobbit: "It had a perfectly
round door like a porthole, painted green,
with a shiny yellow brass knob in the exact
middle. The door opened on to a tube-
shaped hall like a tunnel: a very comfortable
tunnel without smoke, with panelled walls,
and floors tiled and carpeted, provided with
polished chairs, and lots and lots of pegs for
hats and coats -- the hobbit was fond of
visitors." In this passage, Tolkien uses
detailed description to set create a cozy,
comforting mood. From the writing, you can
see that the hobbit's home is well-cared for
and designed to provide comfort.

Onomatopoeia

Onomatopoeia is a word (or group of words) that

represents a sound and actually resembles or
imitates the sound it stands for. It is often used
for dramatic, realistic, or poetic e"ect.

Examples: Buzz, boom, chirp, creak, sizzle,

zoom, etc.

Oxymoron

An oxymoron is a combination of two words that,

:
 together, express a contradictory meaning. This
device is often used for emphasis, for humor, to
create tension, or to illustrate a paradox (see next
entry for more information on paradoxes).

Examples: Deafening silence, organized

chaos, cruelly kind, insanely logical, etc.

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The Penrose stairs = a classic example of a

paradox. Are they going up or down?!
:
 Paradox

A paradox is a statement that appears illogical or

self-contradictory but, upon investigation, might
actually be true or plausible.

Note that a paradox is di"erent from an

oxymoron: a paradox is an entire phrase or
sentence, whereas an oxymoron is a
combination of just two words.

Example: Here's a famous paradoxical

sentence: "This statement is false." If the
statement is true, then it isn't actually false
(as it suggests). But if it's false, then the
statement is true! Thus, this statement is a
paradox because it is both true and false at
the same time.

Personification

Personification is when a nonhuman figure or

other abstract concept or element is described as
having human-like qualities or characteristics.
(Unlike anthropomorphism where non-human
figures become human-like characters, with
personification, the object/figure is simply
described as being human-like.) Personification is
used to help the reader create a clearer mental
picture of the scene or object being described.

Example: "The wind moaned, beckoning me

to come outside." In this example, the wind
—a nonhuman element—is being described
as if it is human (it "moans" and "beckons").
:
 Repetition

Repetition is when a word or phrase is written

multiple times, usually for the purpose of
emphasis. It is often used in poetry (for purposes
of rhythm as well).

Example: When Lin-Manuel Miranda, who

wrote the score for the hit musical Hamilton,
gave his speech at the 2016 Tony's, he
recited a poem he'd written that included the
following line:

And love is love is love is love is love is love is

love is love cannot be killed or swept aside.

Satire

Satire is genre of writing that criticizes

something, such as a person, behavior, belief,
government, or society. Satire often employs
irony, humor, and hyperbole to make its point.

Example: The Onion is a satirical newspaper

and digital media company. It uses satire to
parody common news features such as
opinion columns, editorial cartoons, and click
bait headlines.

Soliloquy

A type of monologue that's often used in dramas,

:
 a soliloquy is when a character speaks aloud to
himself (and to the audience), thereby revealing
his inner thoughts and feelings.

Example: In Romeo and Juliet, Juliet's speech

on the balcony that begins with, "O Romeo,
Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo?" is a
soliloquy, as she is speaking aloud to
herself (remember that she doesn't realize
Romeo's there listening!).

Symbolism

Symbolism refers to the use of an object, figure,

event, situation, or other idea in a written work to
represent something else—typically a broader
message or deeper meaning that di!ers from
its literal meaning.

The things used for symbolism are called

"symbols," and they'll often appear multiple times
throughout a text, sometimes changing in
meaning as the plot progresses.

Example: In F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1925 novel

The Great Gatsby, the green light that sits
across from Gatsby's mansion symbolizes
Gatsby's hopes and dreams.

Synecdoche

A synecdoche is a literary device in which part of

something is used to represent the whole, or vice
versa. It's similar to a metonym (see above);
:
 however, a metonym doesn't have to represent
the whole—just something associated with the
word used.

Example: "Help me out, I need some hands!"

In this case, "hands" is being used to refer to
people (the whole human, essentially).

Tone

While mood is what the audience is supposed to

feel, tone is the writer or narrator's attitude
towards a subject. A good writer will always want
the audience to feel the mood they're trying to
evoke, but the audience may not always agree
with the narrator's tone, especially if the narrator
is an unsympathetic character or has viewpoints
that di"er from those of the reader.

Example: In an essay disdaining Americans

and some of the sites they visit as tourists,
Rudyard Kipling begins with the line, "Today I
am in the Yellowstone Park, and I wish I were
dead." If you enjoy Yellowstone and/or
national parks, you may not agree with the
author's tone in this piece.
:
 Time to become your own Sherlock Holmes!

How to Identify and Analyze

Literary Devices: 4 Tips

In order to fully interpret pieces of literature, you

have to understand a lot about literary devices in
the texts you read. Here are our top tips for
identifying and analyzing di"erent literary
techniques:

Tip 1: Read Closely and Carefully

First o", you'll need to make sure that you're

reading very carefully. Resist the temptation to
skim or skip any sections of the text. If you do
this, you might miss some literary devices being
used and, as a result, will be unable to accurately
interpret the text.

If there are any passages in the work that make

you feel especially emotional, curious, intrigued,
or just plain interested, check that area again for
any literary devices at play.
:
 It's also a good idea to reread any parts you
thought were confusing or that you didn't totally
understand on a first read-through. Doing this
ensures that you have a solid grasp of the passage
(and text as a whole) and will be able to analyze it
appropriately.

Tip 2: Memorize Common Literary

Terms

You won't be able to identify literary elements in

texts if you don't know what they are or how
they're used, so spend some time memorizing
the literary elements list above. Knowing these
(and how they look in writing) will allow you to
more easily pinpoint these techniques in various
types of written works.

Tip 3: Know the Author's Intended

Audience

Knowing what kind of audience an author

intended her work to have can help you figure out
what types of literary devices might be at play.

For example, if you were trying to analyze a

children's book, you'd want to be on the lookout
for child-appropriate devices, such as
repetition and alliteration.

Tip 4: Take Notes and Bookmark Key

Passages and Pages
:
 This is one of the most important tips to know,
especially if you're reading and analyzing works
for English class. As you read, take notes on the
work in a notebook or on a computer. Write down
any passages, paragraphs, conversations,
descriptions, etc., that jump out at you or that
contain a literary device you were able to identify.

You can also take notes directly in the book, if

possible (but don't do this if you're borrowing a
book from the library!). I recommend circling
keywords and important phrases, as well as
starring interesting or particularly e"ective
passages and paragraphs.

Lastly, use sticky notes or post-its to bookmark

pages that are interesting to you or that have
some kind of notable literary device. This will help
you go back to them later should you need to
revisit some of what you've found for a paper you
plan to write.

What's Next?

Looking for more in-depth explorations and

examples of literary devices? Join us as we delve
into imagery, personification, rhetorical devices,
tone words and mood, and di"erent points of
view in literature, as well as some more poetry-
specific terms like assonance and iambic
pentameter.

Reading The Great Gatsby for class or even just

for fun? Then you'll definitely want to check out
our expert guides on the biggest themes in this
classic book, from love and relationships to money
:
 and materialism.

Got questions about Arthur Miller's The

Crucible? Read our in-depth articles to learn
about the most important themes in this play and
get a complete rundown of all the characters.

For more information on your favorite works of

literature, take a look at our collection of high-
quality book guides and our guide to the 9
literary elements that appear in every story!

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:
 Hannah Muniz
About the Author
Hannah received her
MA in Japanese Studies
from the University of
Michigan and holds a
bachelor's degree from
the University of
Southern California.
From 2013 to 2015, she
taught English in Japan
via the JET Program. She
is passionate about
education, writing, and
travel.

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Have any questions about this article or other

topics? Ask below and we'll reply!

Fr Rajeev Cnyan SJ 30/09/2018, 14:48:47

Great Information.

Reply to Fr Rajeev Cnyan SJ

Hauwa Adam 22/10/2018, 01:28:46

This was very helpful.... please how do I appreciate

a poem?

Reply to Hauwa Adam

:
 David Laughlin 10/11/2018, 23:12:39

Is the following an example of a literary device? If

so, which one? “Out of all my medicines, you’re my
favorite pill.”

Reply to David Laughlin

Hannah Muniz 03/12/2018, 11:23:04

Hi David,

Thanks for your question.

In this phrase, "you" is being compared to a

"pill," so this would be a metaphor, which, as
you know, is a literary device. (Note that it is
not a simile since it doesn't use the words "as"
or "like.")

Hope this helps!

Hannah

Reply to Hannah Muniz

Kezia Albert 15/01/2019, 03:12:32

Thanks for the information. It is really helpful!!

Reply to Kezia Albert

Guillermo Galvan 03/05/2019, 14:27:26

Thank you so much I have AP exams soon. This

:
 definitely refreshed my mind!!!

Reply to Guillermo Galvan

Muhammad Avdol 30/09/2019, 07:16:40

Now this is amazing. Yes, I am sure of it.

Reply to Muhammad Avdol

Joseph Joestar 30/09/2019, 07:19:06

Really informative, helped with my essay writing.

Reply to Joseph Joestar

Jean Pierre Polnare! 30/09/2019, 08:01:39

C'est magnifique! I was able to finish my essays

with this. Thank you!

Reply to Jean Pierre Polnareff

Iggy 30/09/2019, 08:02:32

Article was useful. Thanks.

Reply to Iggy
:
 myles farah 11/10/2019, 07:30:09

Bruh thanks i finished my homework cause of this

website

Reply to myles farah

khadija lockhat 22/10/2019, 15:22:27

Thank you for a comprehensive and well

explained examples!

Reply to khadija lockhat

Tanya Peresuh 24/10/2019, 23:02:09

I have a Literature exam tomorrow and this

helped me a lot, thank you so much!!!

Reply to Tanya Peresuh

Abdulsalam Albasha 15/11/2019, 20:08:44

Good

Reply to Abdulsalam Albasha

Baran Almasi 11/12/2019, 04:39:03

useful information . it shows the author is an

:
 educated person. It really helped me with an
exam. GOOD LUCK. you work is greatly
appreciated.

Reply to Baran Almasi

ashley anderson 14/12/2019, 17:04:38

waaaaww thankssss that was SUPER useful!!

Reply to ashley anderson

Glory Nathan 26/01/2020, 00:18:07

thanks that was helpful but please ma'm can i

have more of the poetry literary terms? like the
stanza,rhyme rhythm, enjambment etc. and their
examples! thank you.

Reply to Glory Nathan

Hannah Muniz 27/02/2020, 05:54:35

Hi Glory,

Thanks for your comment, and I'm glad the

article was useful for you.

We actually have a separate article on poetry

terms, which you can find here:

https://blog.prepscholar.com/poetic-devices-
poetry-terms

Hope this helps!

Hannah
:
 Reply to Hannah Muniz

Mrinali Gupta 20/02/2020, 23:13:22

Hi! Hannah Muniz, I am a student of class 10th

right now. This information helped me a lot. It is
explained well, thanks for it. I really loved it.

Reply to Mrinali Gupta

Naim Ghoul 24/02/2020, 03:18:04

I am 64 years old but I really found this article very

educating. Thank you. One last thing: I wish you
made your article(s) download friendly.

Reply to Naim Ghoul

Aaron Ahua 15/06/2020, 20:29:54

This was very useful. Especially since I have exams

tomorrow. Hopefully I pass.

Reply to Aaron Ahua

makayla cannon 01/10/2020, 22:41:49

this was helpful

Reply to makayla cannon

:
 Lang Vu 08/10/2020, 08:24:55

A fantastic refresher on many literary devices

while also introducing elements that I was
unaware of its existence. Thank you!

Reply to Lang Vu

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