Checklist for ME336 Reports

Group No.2
Experiment Title: Measurement with micrometers
Names of the students who attended the class and have real contribution in preparing the report
(1) Fahad Sulaiman Albazei (2) Nasser Abdullah Alteaimii
(3) Saleh Khalid Aleid (4) Saleh Yousef Alodhaybi (5) Ziyad Hadi Alanazi
Please check the existence of the following items before submitting the report
No. Item FG G
1 Standard cover page 5
2 Table of Contents, List of Figures, and List of Tables 5
3 Objective of the Experiment 5
Introduction section that contains:
• Description of the Experiment
4 • Describe briefly the obtained results and what’s next in this 15
report
• Use references as much as possible from literature not internet
Experiment procedure or Methodology
• Description of the apparturs (list the components)
5 • Write the procedure used in conducting the experiment with 10
figures and illustrations if possible
• Equations if any (define all variables)
Results
6 • Show the results and describe them. Do not discuss your results 15
here
• Use captions and legend for tables and figures
Discussion
• Comment and disscuss the obtained results and highlight the
important aspects
7 • Discussion section can be combined with the results section and 20
named Results and Discussion
The results and discussion parts of the report are very
important and it has the highst weight

Conclusion
• Write the conclusion of your whole work in this report
8 summarizing the results, what you have learned and what could 10
be done in the future if there is any future work.

References
9 • include all the references used in the report, use standard format 5
for all references and you have to mention them inside the text
(in-text citation).
Appendeces (Optional)
10
• You can include appendeces if you need
The report is well formated, the figures and table have captions and
11 mentioned inside the text, gramatical and spelling errors are checked before 10
submission, suitable font are used, citation and references are used
properly…..etc.
100

Instructor of ME336:
Eng. Youssef Alammari
 Qassim University ‫جامعـة القصيـم‬
Faculty of Engineering ‫كليه الهندسه‬
Mechanical Engineering Dept.
‫قسم الهندسة الميكانيكية‬

Manufacturing processes Lab

(ME 336)
Semester: 391

Experiment # 2
Measurement with micrometers

By:

Member Name PIN

1 Fahad Sulaiman Albazei 361109666

2 Nasser Abdullah Alteaimii 361111879

3 Saleh Khalid Aleid 361110684

4 Saleh Yousef Alodhaybi 361109195

5 Ziyad Hadi Alanazi 361110983

Instructor

Eng. Youssef Alammari

Date: 27 / 9 / 2018
 Table of Contents

1. Objectives ........................................................................................................ 1
2. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1
3. Methodology ................................................................................................... 2
Theory .................................................................................................................. 3
Procedure ............................................................................................................. 4
4. Results ............................................................................................................. 5
5. Discussion ....................................................................................................... 6
6. Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 7
7. References ....................................................................................................... 7

I
 List of Figures
Figure 1: micrometer components ........................................................................... 2
Figure 2: gauge blocks ............................................................................................. 3
Figure 3: micrometer used ....................................................................................... 6

List of Tables
Table 1: Micrometer calibration and measurement ................................................. 5

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

1. Objectives
• To become familiar with the use of micrometer calipers for the
accurate measurement of small lengths.
• The ability to use micrometer properly.
• The ability to use micrometer for measuring different size of diameter
(thin or thick).

2. Introduction
Micrometer is also known as a micrometer screw gauge is an
instrument of higher precision than a Vernier Calipers you are usually able
to measure length accurately up to 0.005mm. Micrometer is necessary
and suitable for certain types of measurement such as Wire, metallic sheet
and irregular lamina. This instrument introduced in1638 by William
Gascoigne, an English astronomer [1].Micrometer works on the principle of
screw and nut, the micrometer consists of frame, a barrel, fixed and
moving anvils, a thimble and an accurate screw which revolves in a fixed
nut.[2] Micrometer is widely used in scientific laboratories and in
manufacturing for quality control measurements.
Classification of micrometer:

i. Digital micrometer.
ii. V-Anvil micrometer caliper.
iii. micrometer for measuring thickness of cylinder, walls.
iv. Grove micrometer.
v. Dial micrometer caliper.

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

3. Methodology
In this experiment, the team first calibrate couple of micrometers as
seen in figure 1 to check for errors, then measure three different objects
length and dimensions and write the result in table 1. devices such as
micrometer is subject to errors some of them is:

1. Constant errors.
2. Gross error.
3. Random error.
4. Systematic errors.
To test the calibration on some devices the first is using gauge blacks
like in figure 2 these blocks are a system for producing precision lengths.
The individual gauge block is a metal or ceramic block that has
been precision ground and lapped to a specific thickness. Using these
blocks will result if the device has positive error, negative error or zero
error.

Figure 1: micrometer components

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

Figure 2: gauge blocks

Theory:
The simple calculations required to measure object using micrometer:
a) Calculate the least count:
𝑃𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ 𝑁
L. C = (1)
𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒

b) Use the least count from equation (1) to calculate the reading:
𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑀𝑆𝑅 + (𝑇𝑆𝑅 × 𝐿. 𝐶)
Where
MSR= Main Scale Reading.
TSR= Thimble Scale Reading.
L.C=Least Count.

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

Procedure:

1. Calibrate micrometers to check if there is errors

2. Use block gauge for the test and write it thickness.
3. Measure least count if it’s not given.
4. Write the result of the reading.
5. Compare between the block gauge reading and the actual
reading of the block.

(+) 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟

𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝐴𝑅 – 𝐵𝐺𝑅 = { (0) 𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
(−) 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟

Where:
AR: actual reading
BGR: block gauge reading
6. Take multiple measurement of the same object.
7. Take the average of these measurement.
8. Make sure to account for the errors if there is.
9. Repeat the same process for three objects length and dimension.

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

4. Results
Firstly, we calibrate different micrometers with known measurement
objects (Table.1). After that, the second micrometer in Table.1 (Which it
shows 0 error) is used to measure two objects for three times and then
take the average (see figure.3 below).

Table 1: Micrometer calibration and measurement

Dimension
Measured Main Thimble
Object/Slip Scale Scale Actual
(width, Total Reading Error
gauge reading Reading Value
No. thickness (MSR)+(TSR*LC) [mm]
Description (MSR) (TSR) [mm]
..etc)
1 gauge block width 20 0 20 20 0
Micrometer
calibration

two gauge
2 Width 38 0 38 38 0
blocks
3 gauge block width 14 6 14.6 15 -0.4
Average value
[mm]
1 29.5 0.43 29.93
2 Diameter 1 29.5 0.47 29.97
29.93
(top)
3 29.5 0.38 29.88

1 40 0.29 40.29
Component measurements

2 Diameter 2 40 0.20 40.20

40.24
(middle)
3 40 0.24 40.24

1 50 0.08 50.08
2 Diameter 3 50 0.05 50.05
50.08
(bottom)
3 50 0.1 50.1

1 49.5 0.40 49.90

hollow
2 Height 49.5 0.38 49.88 49.90
cylinder
3 49.5 0.42 49.92

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

Figure 3: micrometer used

5. Discussion
After finding our results for the first time, we noticed some errors.
So, in order to minimize these errors, we used a micrometer that has
been tested with gauge blocks and we found the error to be zero. Also,
we took the average of three readings for each dimension in order to
eliminate the random errors.
After all that we believe that the readings are not exactly accurate
due to some uncontrolled errors like the errors due to external causes
or errors due to imperfection.

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

6. Conclusions
At the end, we became familiar with the use of micrometer calipers for
the accurate measurement of small lengths. Also, we have the ability to
use micrometer properly. In addition, we have the ability to use micrometer
for measuring different size of diameter.
On the other hand, we know what the meaning of Micrometer is and
we know the Classification of micrometer. Also, we learn the errors that
happen in micrometer such as (Constant errors, Gross error, Random
error…). After that, we show the micrometer components as shown in
Figure 1, and we learn what the gauge block is and why we use it.
Then, we come to the theory, we calculate the least count by using
equation [1], after that we multiply it by Thimble Scale Reading than add it
by Main Scale Reading, we go through these steps to find total reading.
The last step which is the result, we test three different micrometer
calipers and test it by using gauge block. Then, we take one shape and
we measure his diameter by using micrometer calipers.

7. References
[1] Materials and Processes in Manufacturing, 10th Edition, E. Paul
DeGarmo, J. T. Black, Ronald A. Kohser,2007
[2] Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials,5rd Edition., S.
Kalpak Jian and S Schmid, Prentice Hill, 2008.

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ME336: Manufacturing processes Lab. Semester 391 Group #2
Experiment # 2: measurement with micrometer

Appendix: