A RESEARCH STUDY OF A THREE(3) STOREY COMMERCIAL BUILDING

Incorporated with “CAST-IN-PLACE” Construction Method:

WALL PANEL SYSTEM and FLAT SLAB SYSTEM

Presented to the Faculty of the College of Engineering and Architecture

Saint Joseph Institute of Technology

Montilla Blvd.,Butuan City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Required for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science and Architecture

(BUILDING TECH-05)

Queenie Bianca Bayang

Cyra Mae Curada

Kurtny Llagas

Argie Lorena

Kathleen Ann Tariao

Johanna Leslie G. Tero

Cesar-Ian To-ong

May 2019

AR. RHEA VANESSA OMAY,uap

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter-1

Introduction

Objectives of the study

Significance of the Study

Chapter- 2

Statement of the problem

Chapter- 3

Design Concept

Presentation of Plans

Chapter- 4 (Analysis)

Structural Analysis

Electrical Analysis

Bill of Materials and cost estimates

Chapter- 5

Conclusions

Recommendations
Chapter 1 :

Introduction

The proposed 3-storey commercial building is located at Libertad, Butuan City in front of

Sto. Nino Church.

The proposed 3-storey commercial building prefered cast-in-place concrete as their

choice of constuction method since it showcases a variety of advantages that could be

beneficial to the overall performance of the building. Cast-in-place concrete is a common type of

building material for commercial structures and other similar infastructures. It involves pouring

liquid concrete into removable forms and then dismantling the forms once the concrete has

hardened to leave a solid wall behind. It is also a wall system with an exposed structural system

that also serves as the façade. Openings or penetrations in the structural system are generally

infilled with windows, masonry or some other cladding materials. One of the advantages of this

cast-in-place construction method is that it does not need to be moved far to be lifted into place.

For a building that requires large, unwieldly concrete molds, cast-in-place is usually the way to

go. For buildings to be in the state of “earthquake proof”, site cast concrete is usually the

preferred option. As technology developed, improvements in forming systems and insulation

materials increased the ease and appeal of using removable forms. The said system is actually

strong. Their inherent thermal mass, coupled with appropriate insulation, makes them quite

energy efficient and sustainable. Variety of factors are to be considered yet the main goal is to

make the client satisfied and comfortable by the overall performance of the building.

Cast in place concrete is a technology of construction of buildings where walls and slabs

of the buildings are cast at the site in the formwork. This differs from precast concrete

technology where slabs are cast elsewhere and then brought to the construction site and

assembled. It uses concrete slabs for walls instead of bricks or wooden panels, and formwork is

used for both walls and roof.

Advantages of this technology are strength of the building, insulation, versatility for

different types of buildings, faster construction time. Disadvantages are requirement of labour is

more etc.
 Cast-in-place (CIP) concrete walls are made with ready-mix concrete placed into

removable forms erected on site. Historically, this has been one of the most common forms of

building basement walls. The same techniques used below grade can be repeated with above-

grade walls to form the first floor and upper levels of homes.

The technology for casting concrete in removable forms—the beginning of the reinforced

concrete construction industry—dates back at least to the 1850s, not long after portland cement

was patented. The predominant use of removable forms for single-family homes was for below-

grade (basement) walls. Thomas Edison was one of the first to recognize the potential for

above-grade applications and do some demonstration projects, several single-family homes

made entirely of concrete.

Since that time, advancements in forming and placing technology, concrete mixtures,

and insulation strategies have made construction of concrete homes using removable forms a

well-accepted building technique.

Benefit Analysis :

Since the researchers were using this kind of construction method the cast in place

concrete that were undertaken in site so that it will be affordable and inexpensive in terms of

materials that were using and also it will be easy to determine to check the materials if they

have defects. In Cast in Place construction method it is durable as well as resilient to disaster

and can also be composed of recycled materials. Just like all other concrete, it is able to absorb

and store heat making buildings that use concrete more energy efficient. Cast-in-place concrete

is an excellent way to be cost effective on a project. It allows engineers and site supervisors

certain flexibility when preparing the job site. They will not need to allot for space requirements

for concrete mix and necessary add-ins. Since the concrete will usually be trucked in pre-mixed,

all the engineer and site supervisor need to ensure is that the trucks have plenty of room to

maneuver, in terms of concrete.

Since It is a construction method, we were also use the Flat slab Systems in terms of

Floor system : Flat slab a typical type of construction in which reinforced slab is built

monolithically with the supporting column & reinforced in two or more direction without any

provision of beam. The plain ceiling diffuses the light better and is considered less vulnerable in
the case of fire than the usual beam slab construction. The flat slab is easier to construct and

requires cheaper from work. It is recognized that Flat Slabs without drop panels can be built at a

very fast pace as the framework of structure is simplified and diminished. These are the Benefits

of Flat Slab:

1. It reduces the overall height of the structure.

2. Flat slabs are capable to carry concentrated loads.

3. Requires less formwork.

4. As reinforcement detailing of flat slabs is simple it is easy to place.

5. Better quality control.

6. Installation of sprinkler and other piping and utilities are easier due to absent of beams.

7. It gives a better appearance and better diffusion of light.

8. Better fire resistant than other floor systems.

9. Fast construction.

In other system there are also wall panel system that were using: Wall panels are

functional as well as decorative, providing insulation and soundproofing, combined with

uniformity of appearance, along with some measure of durability or ease of replicability. Use of

wall panels can reduce construction costs by providing a consistent appearance to the paneled

surface without requiring the application of paint or another finishing material. Wall panels may

be finished on only one side, if the other side is going to be against a brick or concrete wall, or a

comparable structure. Alternately, the panels may, if assembled to an appropriate framework,

substitute for having any other kind of wall at all. Holes may be cut or drilled into a wall panel to

accommodate electrical outlets and other devices coming out of the wall. When considering the

best options for your building project, the benefits of going with a concrete wall panel system are

many. Listed below are several important advantages.

1.Energy Efficiency–Precast walls are energy efficient due to a high thermal mass that enables

materials to absorb and store temperatures at a more constant rate. With this system, it reduces

the fluctuation of temperatures within the building.

2.Environmental Soundness–Since precast wall panels are manufactured in a production

facility, the impact that these panels impose onsite is minimal. This helps reduce the space

needed on a job site.

3.Aesthetically Pleasing–Precast wall panels can be customized to the architect’s or owner’s

desire. Some architectural features that can be found in a wall panel system include bullnoses,

reveals, chamfers, and a vast assortment of form liners.

4. Minimal Maintenance Needed–Maintenance may include occasional cleaning and possibly

maintaining the caulk joints over several years.

5. Swiftness of Construction–Whether it be an interior or exterior wall panel system, these

systems can be installed in a quick process without involving multiple trades. By eliminating the

use of other trades, a wall panel system can decrease the overall cost of the project.

And Lastly the Acoustic System so that the sound cannot directly enter to the building or each

rooms of the building. It is important part of a good and healthy indoor climate is efficient sound

absorption. In Acoustic System were also applied green architecture or sustainable building so

that it will maximize the noise coming from the outside.

Objectives of the Study

The objective of this Feasibility study is to analysis used in measuring the ability and likelihood

to complete a project successfully including all relevant factors. It must account for factors that

affect it such as economic, technological, legal and scheduling factors. Project managers use

feasibility studies to determine potential positive and negative outcomes of a project before

investing a considerable amount of time and money into it. And also it develops the prototype to

test the passive design and the durability of the building by the use of this construction method

to get the natural light and ventilation into the rooms of the building and also to see the outcome

of the project.
Significance of the Study

This study is conducted to benefit the following :

Aspring Architects/students. This study may serve them as a guide to fully understand the cast-

in-place construction method and wall panel system

Business tycoon. This study may provide them more information in the construction of their

business establishments.

Consumers. This study may help them in deciding the best option in constructing buildings or

infrastructure.
Chapter 2

Statement of the Problem

This study aim to determine the following benefits as well as the variables needed to consider in

using cast-in-place construction method in a 3-storey commercial building with the proper aid of

lighting, acoustics and walling system. Here are the questions the study sought to answer.

1. What are the factors to consider in constructing the building using cast-in-place ?

2. How can the construction process ( cast-in-place) affect the final result of the building?

3. What is the best solution in providing the building with maximum lighting and acoustics in

terms of the materials ?

4. How can the final product affect the owner of the building and its end users ?
Chapter 3

Design Concept

Todays generation have been an era wherein high end materials and products were produced

to sustain people and to match that service, the designers of this proposed building come up to

an approach of contemporary design. This proposed building is conceptualized using

contemporary design to cope up with the latest trends, styles  and to provide to the 

needs of the current generation. Material wise, the building uses full length window glass  

for natural lighting and ventilation purposes, steel and some type of the stones on the walls

which completes the character of the  design. The designers also use neutral colors

accompanied with a single dark color that emphasizes the whole building. The totality of the

building may look minimal and simple but the utilization and functionality of it are properly

executed in the building hence providing the client as well as the users the essentials they need

present in a building.

Presentation of Plans
Chapter 4 : ANALYSIS

Structural Analysis

Electrical Analysis

Bill of Materials and Cost Estimates

Chapter 5:

Conclusion

The use of cast-in-place concrete construction method combined with the use of wall panel

system and flat slab system has been a great factor and proven effective since the permanence

of the building type is evident by the number of prominent cast-in-place concrete buildings still

exist and remain functional today. By that visible evidences, we the researchers, therefore

concluded that our proposed 3-storey commercial building located at Salvador Calo St.

Barangay Libertad, Butuan City using the same construction method is therefore effective as

well. Commercial buildings that currently reflects our modernization era is somehow beneficial

by using cast-in-place concrete combined with the use of wall panel system as their choice of

construction method for it is flexible when it comes to geometric shapes. Cast-in-place concrete

is primarily beneficial when we talk about foundation since it is in a high level of strength that is

also relatively resistant to structural damage. Another one is the high degree of insulation cast-

in-place provides. Many programs allow builders to design highly precise and customizable

forms and that alone can showcase the versatility of the method.

Recommendation

Cast-in-place concrete is highly versatile, meaning builders can use it for a variety of types of

homes and buildings. In other cases, builders can reuse standard forms for cast-in-place

concrete basement walls. This versatility makes cast-in-place concrete appropriate both for

modest homes and large, architecturally ambitious projects. This includes thermal insulation,

which keeps from taking on a acold temperature and moisture from the earth around them.

Cast-in-place concrete also insulates for sound, making designed buildings less discordant.

Strength and versatility are also great factors which makes cast-in-place construction method

recommendable. Cast-in-place method combined with the use of wall panel system could be a

coign of vantage for it presents a variety of advantages for your buildings, low maintenance,

aesthetics and easy fixing. It also contain better durability which plays a vital role in making the

life of the walls even longer. Various design options, easy installation, minimal preservations are

only few on the many advantages of installing wall panels in your buildings and with the

combination of flat slab system it has the advantage to make the project it easier ,simple yet

functional and flexible. It also contains better quality control and has a standard sizes which can
help to the construction faster and it makes less construction time. This combination of

constructioin method with its system makes the structure highly durable and economic.