Vehicle to Vehicle Communications

Rudraksh Haran Manipal Institute of Technology

Dept.of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
Abstract— The increase in the use of commercial vehicles has
led to dense traffic congestions and road accidents. Vehicle to
Vehicle (V2V) communications aims to develop intelligent
transport systems where vehicles share information with each
other regarding their position, speed and vehicle control
information, such that warning systems are enabled to better
protect drivers in an increasingly uncertain world. In this
report, I propose to summarize the areas of research in this field
on how V2V technology develops a connected society that is built
for safety. Along with this, the concerns regarding data
transmission and privacy during V2V communications will be
specified. Latest technology and research regarding V2V
communication in the advent of 5G technology shall be
mentioned.
Keywords — V2V, DSRC, 5G, ITS
I. INTRODUCTION
Manipal, Karnataka, India
r.rudraksh98@gmail.com
II. REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS
A. CAN Framework for V2V communications
1. This technique can effectively regulate
ECUs linked to particular V2V assistance
by creating partial networking-only[2]
CAN frames. The CAN-only partial
networking framework consists of CAN
ID, service ID, and data requested by
other vehicles. The primary use of the
CAN-only partial networking framework
is to request particular V2V aid
information. Due to the service ID present
in the frame, the CAN gateway searches
for the respective ECUs and transfers
another CAN bus. The CAN gateways
have a partial network table to control the
ECUs[2].

Vehicle to vehicle communication is a technology that

enables vehicles to send important information to each other.
They support applications for safety purposes such as traffic
signal indication, emergency electronic brake light,
collaborative crash avoidance system, collision warning
systems, traffic calming, etc. In the latest years, studies on
V2V, V2I communication technologies have evolved
remarkably, [1],[2 ]. Intelligent Transport Systems’
motivations include increased system efficiency, reduced
delays in transportation, commercial growth, infotainment in
vehicles, and, most importantly, security. This is most critical
in V2V, as in large developed nations, [12 ] automotive traffic
disasters claim many lives every year.

Fig. 1. CAN Gateway method for an example network

The given strategy depends on CAN Gateways with a partial

system table. With the following technique, we can viably
control the ECUs identified with explicit V2V
administrations[2].

B. Dedicated Short Range Communication

Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) is a lot
of guidelines for the transmission of vehicle security
messages. The expedient trade of messages, mixed with the
learning of other riding vehicles that may not be obvious to
drivers rapidly, expands security ideas past the fantasies of
the general population. DSRC utilizes economical, short-go,
two-route Line-of-Sight (LoS) correspondence with an
adequately huge transmission capacity. The DSRC
applications are normally used for localized road
communications
TABLE I
DSRC VS. OTHER WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIE
Wireless Access in the Vehicle Environment (WAVE) is
a term used to speak to a progression of IEEE P1609.x
measures that work on MAC and system layers [3]. WAVE
is exceptionally intricate and creates on IEEE 802.11
guidelines by changing various changes to ensure a quick and
productive exchange of security messages. It is a key part of
the DSRC. DSRC systems use WAVE Short Messages
Protocol (WSMP or WSM in a nutshell) to trade wellbeing
information among streets and autos or just between
vehicles[3].
C. Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks
Fig. 2. Basic kinds of VANET’s[4]
On account of VANETs, the central need for the
PHY/MAC layer[4] is to furnish solid transmission among
vehicles with a boisterous and shared medium. Conventions
like this have entry to the medium known previously; one
similarity of such convention is the Time Division
Multiplexing Access (TDMA) convention, where each
system hub has a particular and destined schedule opening for
sending bundles. An elective strategy is to utilize irregular
access conventions. With such conventions, the hub
endeavors to transmit the parcel and, if an impact occurs, the
packets can never be gotten to appropriately by the
beneficiary. The hub needs to send the packet once again.
The Fleetnet venture plans for the improvement of a
remote specially appointed system for in-between vehicle
interchanges [5]. By accomplishing multi-jump vehicle-to-
vehicle correspondence one can accomplish I) upgraded
security through a far-reaching scope of information of a
vehicle and its driver, and ii) an extraordinary failure cost
correspondence choice for a vehicle's workers and system
parts.[5]
Fleetnet will give the base to a more extensive range of
utilizations in the regions of aggregate driver help
frameworks and versatile information frameworks. In this
specific circumstance, we see three noteworthy advantages of
impromptu arranges over cell frameworks: I generally low
delay in time-basic wellbeing related information; ii) little
transmission costs; and iii) taking care of neighboring
vehicles on the grounds of their relative position. Uses of
Fleetnet not just manages the wellbeing of the driver and the
progression of traffic yet additionally with the '
accommodation ' part of the travelers of the vehicle. A model
is when travelers on the rearward sitting arrangement can
play games online with riders in different vehicles going with
them on a similar path.
D. Zigbee Protocol
Zigbee modules possess UART interface that facilitates
microcontrollers or microprocessors to use the Zigbee
protocol. Uart Wifi is an embedded module relying on
the serial communication, in compliance with the WiFi
wireless WLAN standards, this is compatible with the
IEEE802.11 protocol stack and the TCP / IP protocol
stack and facilitates data transition between the serial user
and the wireless protocol stack.
The general time for ZigBee interfacing with an access
system is under 60ms, including arising time, looking
through time and associating time, which is soothing for
vehicle application. Be that as it may, the option of
 utilizing ZigBee as a specialized apparatus, in reality, can
be influenced by a few elements[6]. Even though ZigBee
is not considered the best application for vehicles owing
to restricted bandwidth and small connection distances
comparable to DSRC or LTE, we can still explore the
possibilities of vehicle apps as writers in having
effectively designed the IEEE 802.15.4 based hardware
program for vehicle applications. Still, in a campus setting
where driving velocity is usually below 30 km / h, it is
still worthwhile to design and execute a runtime
environment to confirm the effectiveness of enhancing
the forward-collision warning system[6]
The ZigBee module is primarily concerned with managing
the transmission and reception of signals using the inner
kernel. Using equations the author designed a safe
distance model that was implemented using the ZigBee
protocol. The written protocol includes ZigBee
information, CAN bus data and GPS information. To be
more precise, the protocol guarantees that information is
transmitted and received properly between the ZigBee
module, the CAN bus vehicle, the position control unit
and the computer controller.
Fig. 3. V2V using Zigbee for Collision warning systems[6]
Field trials approved that, even though the optimal
communication range of ZigBee showed fluctuation
when there was a 2.4GHz disruption in the network or
when the gain antenna was used, ZigBee could be applied
to the forward-collision warning system in the required
setting[6].
E. 5G Enabled Technology
Recent developments in the broad realm of the IOT are
pushing standard changes in VANET's, V2V, and
some ITS apps shall include very low latency, further
reduced than that presently supplied by modern
communication networks.
The demand for connected cars will be extremely big in
terms of the number of linked endpoints and the data
exchanged. Given time, all vehicles will have the
ability to connect to everything smart, from people to
material items, timely relevant data, and products of
all kinds, in a completely elastic and safe manner.[7]
The shift to 5G is due to existing courses, and it is widely
believed that 5G cellular networks should solve
challenges that are hard to address by 4G, namely
better capacity, more dependable data rate, lower End
to End latency, substantial device connectivity,
limited costs and coherent Quality of Experience
provisioning.[7]
When operating at fast speeds, a car might warn adjacent
cars before shifting the roads or slowing down. From
the obtained warnings, neighboring cars alert drivers
or even semi-automated driving in an urgent scenario
so that they can respond more rapidly to decrease the
number of road mishaps.
Fig. 4. For V2V applications using 5G technology[7]
Situations where there may be many cars, few can obtain
unique ends located in V2V form rather than being
directly linked to base stations. Connections to the
network shall be created through these cars. Not only
does this reduce access stress at base stations, but it
also increases spectrum performance
.
III. CONCLUSION
Here, I have characterized the advantages of 5G
technology with V2V communication in terms of low
latency, extraordinarily high bandwidth and dependability.
The notion of V2V communication in a 5G cellular setting
has been introduced. Review of Zigbee protocol was shown,
and applications of V2V in VANET's were summarized
along with its risks and challenges. Concepts of mainstream
V2V technologies such as DSRC were also added.
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