Welcome To Goa Dairy!

INTRODUCTION:
Domestic animal diversity represents one of the most neglected as well
as
threatened aspects of biodiversity. Local breeds of milch animals are
vested with traditional farming and pastoral communities, who manage
them according to their indigenous knowledge and in tune with local
ecological constraints. Causal factors for their extinction include loss of
grazing land, globalisation of the economy, catastrophes, conflicts, legal
restrictions on the marketing of their products etc. Never the less, many
local livestock breeds continue to represent the lifeline of rural
populations. While they may not be able to compete with “improved
breeds” in milk and meat yields, they fulfil a much wider range of
functions and provide a larger range of products.
Being able to thrive even with low fodder inputs, their maintenance is
ecologically more sustainable, especially in marginal environments.
Requiring lower levels of health care and management, they commonly
entail a lower workload for women in comparison with exotic breeds. As
is becoming increasingly clear, they often have scope for speciality
products and can be essential to preserve habitats and cultures. At the
local level, the loss of a breed means the loss of a livelihood strategy and
loss of indigenous knowledge. At the global level, it means decreased
manoeuvring room for adapting to environmental and economic
changes.
It also emphasises the need for the active involvement of indigenous
communities and the role of local knowledge and institutions in
conservation.
Project aims at supporting and fostering the following activities:
• Study and document indigenous knowledge relating to livestock
breeding.
• Make case studies of local cows that are threatened and the social,
economic and political factors involved.
• Exchange information between farmers’ associations, scientific
institutions
• Build capacity of farmers in the conservation and development of local
cows breed.
Goa State has large number of indigenous non- descript milch
animals. Due to their low milk production and lack of facility of indoor
feeding these animals tend to wonder in search of feed and water
.Available stock of animals contributes few thousand litres of milk for
the State production, ranging from 1-3 litres of milk per animal /day.
These animals are physically sound and having greater potential to
sustain
diseases and climatic changes . In spite of having good milk
producing
traits and disease resistance power, these animals are deprived of
good
animal management practices by their owners. Thus they become
uneconomical to rear. They tend to destroy vegetation and even
consume waste material leading to further decline in the health
conditions .
Considering the available milk traits, milk
quality and
sustainability of these animals, it high time to ensure
their genetic
improvement, reproductively and quality nutrition there by
enhancing the
milk producing capacity of these animals in the state.
Goa State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Union “Goa Dairy” was
established in the year 1984. A member owned Federal Body of
178 Rural Dairy Co-operative Societies spread all over the State
of Goa, having 19100 farmer families as their members
procuring presently on an average about 65000 liters of milk per
day.
A Co-operative Institution, having modern Dairy Plant of
1,10,000 liters per day capacity, supplying 95,000 liters of milk
per day to the urban/semi urban consumers through 440 Milk
Booths and 850 full time Distribution Agencies.
A modern Cattle Feed Plant, manufacturing around 12,500 M.
T. of High Protein, Bypass Cattle Feed, Calf Ration &
Pregnancy Ration per annum to cater to the nutritional
requirements of milch animals of this State.

NEED BASED OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

 To enhance the milk producing capacity of the local cows.

 To maintain genetic character responsible for disease
resistance, climatic adaptability and enhance milk production
traits.
 To develop good calves to have economically viable milch
animals.
 As an awareness of crossbreeding technique in local cows.
 To save vegetative destruction by local cows
 To minimise the stray nature of the local cows.
 Promote employment in local youth in dairy sector.
Our Achievements

Goa State Cooperative Milk Union received the 1st place in All
India Dairy Excellence Awards 2017 in West Zone comprising
of Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, in 1 lakh
category from National Dairy Development Board, Government
of India

Meet Our Farmers

We are cooperative, owned and run by the farmers who grow the
food, who milk the cows, and who bring you your cheese which
means instead of arguing over how to grow profits, we’re
discussing what’s best for our farms, our families and our food.

Start Your Business

We’re proud of our family owned farms that produce excellent

quality milk that is wholesome, delicious and packed with
essential vitamins and minerals and free of antibiotics or
artificial growth hormones.
 GOA STATE CO-OPERATIVE MILK
PRODUCERS’ UNION LIMITED
CURTI – PONDA
GOA also known as ‘Gomanchal’ – the name itself suggests it’s
a land of cows. Cow rearing and agriculture was the
predominant profession in Goa. Inferences to this fact can be
found in historical studies as well other folk literature. However,
till liberation of Goa in 1961 there were no efforts made to any
form of systematic development of Animal Husbandry or Dairy
Industry.
Post liberation, an independent Directorate was established to
look after Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services, thus
heralding the progressive out look in the field. Govt. introduced
some schemes for increasing milk production, such as
improvement of local buffalo breed by introducing Surti bulls.
The subsequent cross breeding programme, taken on large scale
at Union territory level (Goa was a Union Territory then.
Statehood was conferred in 1961), had an impact on milk
production in Goa. Efforts to further increase in milk production
were done in late seventies. Cross breeding as well as procuring
milch animals from the neighboring States led to increase in
milk production and steady growth of milk production in Goa,
thus creating a positive impact.
In order to meet the local demand of good quality milk
Government started a dairy unit in 1967 and was procuring
about 1000 LPD. A milk pasteurization plant was established at
Panjim. The visionary leader and the first Chief Minister of Goa
late Dayanand Bandodkar, a good friend of Dr. Kurien (the
father of Operation Flood) requested Dr. Kurien to set up a
Dairy Plant suitable for Goa. Dr Kurien gave Goa 1000 LPD
plant. Later, when the milk production increased, the
government with the help of NDDB established a Dairy Plant at
Curti Ponda Goa in 1971. The capacity of the plant was of
10,000 LPD. Government collected milk from the Societies and
individuals, which, however, fell short of the demand. Hence,
milk had to be procured from the neighboring States –
Government was procuring and processing about 6,000 to 8,000
LPD milk at Ponda.

CO – OPERATIVE MOVEMENT IN DAIRY

AND ITS EFFECTS
In 1972 a State level Federation of Societies was established, but
it did not meet the aspirations due to many reasons. The main
activity of the Federation was collection of milk from remote
areas and supply of Cattle feed to the producers. The activities
of the Dairy were in a phased manner handed over to the Goa
State Co-op. Milk Producers’ Union Ltd., and that marked the
real beginning of Dairy activity in Goa. The finance provided
by NDDB as soft loan under perspective plan, contributed to the
greatly to the success – farmers were benefited by getting better
price and consumers by getting regular supply of good milk.
This support ensured the progress of the Milk Union and put the
Union on a sound footing.
The emergence of the Tourism Industry posed a challenge to the
dairy farming, with people giving up dairy farming, as it
provided white collar employment. Tourism contributes to
pollution but it is also creates demand for dairy products. In this
the dairy have a major role to play – with increased awareness
of the deterioration of environment, dairy can create
employment and entrepreneur opportunities which will not only
balance the ecology and benefit the environment but also make
the State of Goa financially sound. It is an accepted fact that
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry activities play a major role
in protecting environment and controlling the pollution.
In order to achieve this a coordinated and concerted effort from
all the stakeholders is a must – Producers, Societies and Milk
Union and other concerned agencies should co-ordinate and put
their best efforts to make the State of Goa self sufficient in Milk
production. Government schemes like Kamdhenu for the
purchase of milch animals have to be popularized to enable
beneficiaries to take up dairy farming.
Goa State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Union “Goa Dairy” was
established in the year 1984. A member owned Federal Body of
178 Rural Dairy Co-operative Societies spread all over the
State of Goa, having 19100 farmer families as their members
procuring presently on an average about 65000 liters of milk
per day.
A Co-operative Institution, having modern Dairy Plant of
1,10,000 liters per day capacity, supplying 95,000 liters of
milk per day to the urban/semi urban consumers through
440 Milk Booths and 850 full time Distribution Agencies.
A modern Cattle Feed Plant, manufacturing around 12,500 M.
T. of HighProtein, Bypass Cattle Feed, Calf Ration &
Pregnancy Ration per annum to cater to the nutritional
requirements of milch animals of this State.
Apart from milk Procurement, Processing and Milk Product
making like Shrikhand, Amrakhand, Paneer, Lassi, Flavored
Milk, Curd & Pure Ghee, the Union is engaged in increasing
milk production by providing Technical Input Services, which
includes Veterinary Aid, Vaccination Programme, Artificial
Insemination Services for Breeding and Fodder
Development Activities. The Union has also started
Productivity Enhancement Programme and Clean Milk
Programme for increase in milk production.
Fodder Seeds of good quality, Root Slips of Perennial Grasses
are supplied to the farmers at the doorsteps, free of cost. So far,
around 2,000 farmers have started cultivating fodder in their
own plots.The approximate area under cultivation of Fodder
is 550 hacters.
Women participation programmes such as WDCLP and
organization of Self Help Groups are taken up by Union. So
far, under the above programme, 8200 farmers have been
given orientation of scientific dairy business and 800 farmers
have been sent to Anand under Farmer Induction Programme.
INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO GOA DAIRY LTD

BBA Department of Goa Multi-Faculty College organized an

industrial visit to Goa Dairy Ltd, Ponda on 5th August 2016 for
FYBBA Students. The divisions A & B were taken separately to
see the dairy so that everyone gets the clear information as how
the processes go about. Students were first taken to RMRD
(Raw Milk Receiving Dock) section. The concerned Incharge
explained that milk is bought from 200 set ups to this section.
After receiving the milk there are various quality tests done to
check the quality of the milk E.g. Organo Laptic Test. Further in
the Production Section, there is separation of cow milk and
buffalo milk.
Core part is the pasteurization of milk. This section is referred to
as “Heart of Production.” Then it is sent to processing section
where packing of different milk is done namely high fat milk,
low fat milk etc.
Then Dr. Dhuri gave students a brief idea of how the whole of
the Goa dairy plant works as in how many members are
involved, people and families employed. He also told about the
facilities provided by the government and by Goa dairy to the
dairy farmers.
Visit was indeed a very informative one and students acquired in
depth insights about the functioning of a Dairy Unit. Students
were accompanied by Mr. Kaustubh Kamat and Mr. Rajendra
Gounder from Department of Business Administration and
Economics respectively.
Goa's dairy farming rises, milk production up
20%
The number of dairy farmers in Goa has more than doubled
during the past year, boosting the production of milk by almost
20 per cent, signalling a white revolution in rural areas of the
coastal state.
State government officials claim that schemes implemented by
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services (AHVS) are driving
the production as more people take to dairy farming.
Official statistics reveal that the production has risen from
40,000 litres per day during 2011 to 51,000 litres per day from
December 2012 onwards.
Officials also claim that milk production will touch 68,000 litres
by end of fiscal 2013. The number of farmers registered under
various schemes implemented by Animal Husbandry And
Veterinary Services (AHVS) has increased from 6,067 last year
to 15,557 in the current year.
Giriraj Vernekar, Special Assistant to Chief Minister in-charge of
agriculture and AHVS said that the schemes were tailor-made
for the requirements of dairy farmers.
"The aim was to make dairy business lucrative. The farmers
should get the profits," he said. The flagship Kamdhenu scheme
was modified after Manohar Parrikar took over the reins giving
more incentives to the farmers, Vernekar said. Official records
reveal that Kamdhenu scheme subsidy worth Rs 1.9 crore was
distributed during the current fiscal as against Rs 82 lakh during
last fiscal. The incentives worked and the number of farmers
swelled. "I have come across a dairy farmer who has constructed
a house and can afford a monthly EMI of Rs 25,000," Vernekar
said.
Goa, which has a requirement of 3.5-4 lakh litres of milk every
day is largely dependent on neighbouring states for the supply.
The cooperative movement in Goa Milk Union was not fruitful,
as milk production remained low till end of last year. "Things
are changing now for better. We have set a target of having one
lakh litres of additional milk production from Goa itself, which
will decrease our dependence on other states, B Braganza,
Director, AVHS said.
Around 5,000 new animals would be purchased by various
farmers in the state, he added.
Goa State Coop Milk Producers’ Union
Hindustan Foods Limited
Name: Goa State Coop Milk Producers’ Union Hindustan Foods Limited

Sub Category:

Address: Goa State Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union Ltd. , Curti, Ponda – Goa 403 401

Contact Person:

Designation:

Tel. No: 91- 832 – 313790, 0832 – 2312247

Email: goadairy@goadairy.com, goadairy1@dataone.in

Website: http://goadairy.com/

Industry Type: parlour

Profile:
Goa State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Union “Goa Dairy” was
established in the year 1984. A member owned Federal Body of
178 Rural Dairy Co-operative Societies spread all over the
State of Goa, having 19100 farmer families as their members
procuring presently on an average about 65000 liters of milk per
day.

A Co-operative Institution, having modern Dairy Plant of

1,10,000 liters per day capacity, supplying 95,000 liters of
milk per day to the urban/semi urban consumers through
440 Milk Booths and 850 full time Distribution Agencies.

A modern Cattle Feed Plant, manufacturing around 12,500 M.

T. of HighProtein, Bypass Cattle Feed, Calf Ration &
Pregnancy Ration per annum to cater to the nutritional
requirements of milch animals of this State.

Apart from milk Procurement, Processing and Milk Product

making like Shrikhand, Amrakhand, Paneer, Lassi, Flavored
Milk, Curd & Pure Ghee, the Union is engaged in increasing
milk production by providing Technical Input Services,
which includes Veterinary Aid, Vaccination Programme,
Artificial Insemination Services for Breeding and Fodder
Development Activities. The Union has also started
Productivity Enhancement Programme and Clean Milk
Programme for increase in milk production. Fodder Seeds of
good quality, Root Slips of Perennial Grasses are supplied to the
farmers at the doorsteps, free of cost. So far, around 2,000
farmers have started cultivating fodder in their own plots.The
approximate area under cultivation of Fodder is 550 hacters.

Women participation programmes such as WDCLP and

organization of Self Help Groups are taken up by Union. So
far, under the above programme, 8200 farmers have been
given orientation of scientific dairy business and 800 farmers
have been sent to Anand under Farmer Induction Programme.

Competitor
Goa, conventionally associated with feni, beer and wine when it
comes to beverages, appears to be heading for a milk war.
The state government’s decision to allow Gujarat-based Surat
District Co-operative Milk Producers Union Limited (SUMUL)
to set up milk procurement facilities in four agrarian sub
districts, has brought the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the
existing Goa Dairy Co-Operative Milk Producers Union Limited
at logger heads.
While the BJP has accused Goa Dairy of sabotaging milk
production, the latter has charged the BJP with trying to finish
the dairy, one of the largest undertakings in the co-operative
sector, after the ruling party failed to take control of it.
It all began when on January 7 with a government notification
allowed SUMUL, which markets the popular milk and dairy
products brand of the same name, to set up procurement
operations in Sattari, Sanguem, Canacona and Quepem sub-
districts, which account for the biggest chunk of milk production
in Goa.
Dairy co-ops compete for the huge milk
market in Goa
Goa state now has two dairy co-ops competing for its market
with the news that Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing
Federation, which trades as Amul, is opening a processing
plant...
Marketing:

1) The union has received 96.0 percent of Revenue by Selling milk, the rest

by milk products. High share of liquid milk sales in total milk is good for the

union because it brings the cash component at a faster rate. The market share of

union was highest in Goa state, where its on an average share was 57.64 percent

over the years and lowest share in Maharastra state. The total milk sold in study

area of Belgaum district, Belgaum city constitutes major share which its on an

average was 48 percent but the total milk sold by all channels in Belgaum city

union brand constitutes only 15 percent, private brands were main competitor to

union brand.

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2) The union is unable to procure the required quantity of milk even to meet

the required demand for liquid milk. The union has purchased milk from other

dairies (5.64.%) and reconstituted its powder to meet the demand for the liquid

milk in its marketing area during lean season. In flush season union sends milk to

other dairies. In case of distribution of milk union has 13 routes all are operational

and 281 agents are distributing milk in its operational area, (Belgaum district,

Goa and Maharastra). The commission paid to agents differs with different types

of milk but on an average commission paid to different them was Rs.0.75 paise

per liter. The distribution at transportation cost was Rs.0.64 per liter. The union

sold maximum milk and products through commission agents and least through

milk parlours.

3) On an average about 305 Dairy Co-Operative Societies are functioning

under profit. These DCS are to be encouraged by providing all infrastructure

facilities. At the same time, about 20 DCS are functioning under loss with Rs 2.09

lakhs. These DCS are to be restructured so as to avoid losses.

4) The targets and achievements of milk procurement has been observed

continuously and found that the union failed to reach target during the year 2005

-06 and, over all achievement of the year was 93.99 percent. The cause for this

non achievement was over ambitious target. But in flush season target was

achieved due to the availability of surplus milk.

5) The amount of milk procured by private agencies in the study, area was

higher. There were 16 dairies in operation, among which 6 dairies procurement

was appreciable, they are namely Hatson, Warna, Sahyadri, Deccan, Bharat and

Mayur. The procurement of these units was 80 thousand liters per day and all

together private agencies procurement was 195 thousand liters perday. All private

agencies share was 72.16 percent in the study area.

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6) Similarly, milk sales share is also higher in the study area. In milk

marketing network five private dairies have captured major market in total milk

sold, namely they are Mayur (6.12%), Arokya (5.92%), Morana (4.15%)

Krishana (3.40%), Wama (2.47%). All private 18 agencies’ market share is 33.25

percent, but union share is only 16.78 percent and 49.95 percent milk is being

sold by loose milk vendors. To increase unions share in the market union should

increase its agents in the operational area of Private agencies and should make

survey often to consider consumer preferences. The sales promotion measures are
very important to increase sales in competitive atmosphere and union should pack

and sell milk to consumers at required quantities.

7. Socio-Economic Features of Dairy Formers:

On an average, age of dairy farmers has been found to be 49 years. The

proportion of literacy found to be 75 percent. The illiteracy is relatively highest in

small farmers than medium and large farmers. The average family size of dairy

farmers is about 6 members and land holdings is 9.04 and 1.74 hectares in large

and small farmers respectively with regard to cropping pattern. Sugar crop is the

predominant crop in kharif season and groundnut is major crop in rabi season.

8. Composition of Milch Animals:

The herd size crossbred cow per farm household is smallest in small

farmers, whereas it is highest in large farmers. But, indigenous cows are relatively

more in number in all the categories of farmers due to low maintenance and

purchase cost. On the other hand, buffaloes population is highest in small farmers

than in medium and large farmers. This trend shows that as the size of land

holding increased the animal population also is increased.

All the small farmers do not have a separate shed for the animals. Whereas

most of the medium farmers have one shed each and large farmers have more

than one shed each.

9. Pattern of Feeding:

With regard to feeding pattern, among dry fodder, green fodder (dry

weight) and concentrates, dry fodder has been the major source of animals feed
accounting more than 50 percent of animals diet followed by green fodders (dry

weight) (30 percent) and concentrates (20 percent). This is attributed to greater

availability of dry fodders in the study area as reflected in the cropping pattern.

Dry fodder is the highest in small farmers as compared to other farmers. Green

fodder is more in large farmers than in others. In crossbred and indigenous cows

small farmers use more concentrates in as compared to buffaloes.

10. In case of crossbred cows, small farmers use highest amount of concentrates

which is mainly due to its intensive care taken by them to increase milk yield

form a smaller heard as compared to larger heards. While in indigenous cows use

farmers category due to intensive care for milch animal, but on the whole, more

concentrates are used by large farmers in absolute term due to high income. In

buffaloes, concentrates use is highest in case of medium farmers than small and

large farmers; because of medium farmers used more maize, wheat and jowar

available at lower cost.

11. Milk Yield response to feeding :

In the case of crossbreed cows, among all the explanatory, however, the

impact of concentrates on milk productivity is higher in small farmers than

medium and large farmers. In case of indigenous cows, green fodders is most

predominant factor affecting milk production. Under large farmer category there

is enough scope to increase the use of concentrates than in small and medium

farmers.

12. Economics of milk production :

The overall net return is maximum in small and medium farmers than in
large farmers. This is mainly due to the managerial skills exhibited by small dairy

farmers in betters utilization of their resources, boosting output form dairy

enterprise. In indigenous cows, the net returns are maximum in large farmers

314

followed by small and medium farmers due to higher milk yield. In buffaloes net

returns are maximum in small farmers followed by medium and large dairy

farmers. This is again due to the good managerial skill of small daily owners.

13. The cost of milk production was lowest in the case of small farmers than

in others. On an average, the cost per liter of milk production was Rs. 5.78 Rs.

8.00 and 6.90 in case of cross bred cow, indigenous cow and buffalo,

respectively.

14. Pattern of employment in dairy Units :

In all categories, use of hired labour dominated and it was the most

dependable labour (63.92 %) followed by hired mute labour which was found to

be 36.08 percent of the total hired labour force. Roughage collection,

transportation, cleanings milk, feeding cleaning sheds were the operations of

labour employed in dairying. Hired labour was much in large farmers than in

small and medium farmers. It was quite natural that large farmers could absorb

higher hired lobour force to turn out large scale operations, but small farmers

utilized mainly more family labours.

15. Pattern of production and utilization of milk:

The highest milk yield was found in crossed cows followed by buffalo and

indigenous cows. But in all three types of milch animals, highest milk yield was
obtained by the small farmers compared to other categories owing to intensive

dairy management practices of small farmers. At the same time, milk sales were

also maximum in small farmers than others. Major income of farmers was

supplemented by dairy than agriculture, but milk retention was more in large

farmers as compared to medium and large farmers.

The quantity of milk consumed and processed have been increased with the

increase in farm size among all types of animals. This could be attributed to the

prevalence of joint family and good economic conditions of large farmers as well

315

as surplus milk availability after meeting the consumption requirements. Small

farmers have processed milk mainly for butter/ghee while medium and large

farmers meant for producing butter, curd, khoa and other products.
Major problems faced by the union :

The major problems faced by the union were identified and are listed as

below.

i) Frequent changes in the milk procurement price has made fluctuation in

milk procurement.

ii) Increasing number of defunct Dairy Cooperative Societies which reduced

milk procurement.

iii) Low volume of liquid milk sale.

iv) Increase overheads of the union.

v) High procurement cost.

vi) Decrease in the numbers of milk supplying members.

vii) . Increase in milk handling losses.

viii) Inadequate technical staff of the union.

ix) Strong competition from private agencies.