Q) For the following pedigrees, give the most likely mode of

inheritance.

Answer: Y linked trait

Major features of the trait:

 Y chromosome is present only in males. So Y linked genes only

transmitted from father to son, never from father to daughter.
 Y-linked inheritance is also known as holandric inheritance.
 In case of Y linked traits, skipping of generation is absent.
 If the father is affected, all of his sons will be affected.

Answer: X linked recessive trait

Major features of the trait:

 More males than females are affected.

 (These traits appear more frequently in males. Reason: males need to
inherit only a single copy of the allele to show the trait, whereas
females must inherit both copies of the allele (one from each
parent) to show the trait)

 This mode of inheritance shows skipping of generation. Unaffected

(carriers) mothers can have affected son.
 Father to son transmission never possible
 All daughters of an affected fathers is found to be carriers.

Answer: Autosomal dominant trait

Major features of the trait:

 Both sexes show the disease with equal frequency.

 Both sexes can pass these traits to their offspring.
 no skipping of generation observed
 Affected offspring should have an affected parent
 Unaffected parents never pass the trait to offspring

Answer: Autosomal recessive trait

Major features of the trait:

 Occurs in both sexes with equal frequency.
 Trait usually skip generations
 Affected offspring are usually born to normal parents.
 When both parents are heterozygous, approximately ¼ of the
offspring will have the trait.
 Consanguine marriages increase the chance of this trait
 Disease occurs only when a person inherits two alleles for the
trait, one from each parent

Answer: Autosomal recessive trait