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CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND EDUCATION
PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
PE 205 (BASKETBALL)
HANDOUTS

HISTORY

The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts by Canadian physical education
instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football. The game became established fairly quickly and grew
very popular as the 20th century progressed, first in America and then in other parts of the world. After basketball became
established in American colleges, the professional game followed. The American National Basketball Association (NBA),
established in 1946, grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century, and basketball became an integral
part of American culture.

Invention of the game

The game of basketball as it is known today was created by Dr. James Naismith in December 1891 in Springfield,
Massachusetts, to condition young athletes during cold months. It consisted of peach baskets and a soccer style ball. He
published 13 rules for the new game. He divided his class of eighteen into two teams of nine players each and set about to
teach them the basics of his new game. The objective of the game was to throw the basketball into the fruit baskets nailed
to the lower railing of the gym balcony. Every time a point was scored, the game was halted so the janitor could bring out
a ladder and retrieve the ball. After a while, the bottoms of the fruit baskets were removed. The first public basketball game
was played in Springfield, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892.

NBA
The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a men's professional basketball league in North America; composed of 30
teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada). It is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States
and Canada, and is widely considered to be the premier men's professional basketball league in the world.
The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball Association of America (BAA).[1][2] It changed
its the name to the National Basketball Association on August 3, 1949, after merging with the competing National Basketball
League (NBL). Today, the NBA's regular season runs from October to April, with each team playing 82 games. Its playoffs
extend into June. NBA players are the world's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player.
Eastern Conference
Atlantic

 Boston Celtics
 New Jersey Nets
 New York Knicks
 Philadelphia 76ers
 Toronto Raptors

Central

 Chicago Bulls
 Cleveland Cavaliers
 Detroit Pistons
 Indiana Pacers
 Milwaukee Bucks
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Southeast

 Atlanta Hawks
 Charlotte Bobcats
 Miami Heat
 Orlando Magic
 Washington Wizards

Western Conference

Northwest

 Denver Nuggets
 Minnesota Timberwolves
 Oklahoma City Thunder
 Portland Trail Blazers
 Utah Jazz

Pacific

 Golden State Warriors

 Los Angeles Clippers
 Los Angeles Lakers
 Phoenix Suns
 Sacramento Kings

Southwest

 Dallas Mavericks
 Houston Rockets
 Memphis Grizzlies
 New Orleans Hornets
 San Antonio Spurs

PBA
The Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) is a men's professional basketball league in the Philippines composed of twelve
company-branded franchised teams. Founded in 1975, it is the first professional basketball league in Asia and is the second
oldest continuously professional basketball league existing in the world after the NBA,[1] established before the "open era"
of basketball in 1990 where FIBA allowed longstanding domestic leagues, which mostly had predated the PBA, to become
professional. The league's regulations are a hybrid of rules from the NBA and FIBA.
The league played its first game at the Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City on April 9, 1975.[2] Its main offices are located
along Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. Avenue (C-5 road), Eastwood City, Bagumbayan, Quezon City
The Philippine Basketball Association was founded when nine teams left the now-defunct Manila Industrial and Commercial
Athletic Association (MICAA), which was tightly controlled by the Basketball Association of the Philippines (BAP), the FIBA-
recognized national association at the time.[3] With the BAP controlling the MICAA, the league was de jure amateur, as
players were only paid allowances. This is much like what was done in other countries to circumvent the amateur
requirement and to play in FIBA-sanctioned tournaments such as the Olympics. MICAA team owners were not pleased with
how BAP, then led by Gonzalo "Lito" Puyat are taking away their players to join the national team without consulting them
first.[4] The teams that bolted away from the MICAA are the Carrier Weathermakers, Crispa Redmanizers, Mariwasa-Noritake
Porcelainmakers, Presto Ice Cream, Royal Tru-Orange, Seven-Up Uncolas, Tanduay Distillery, Toyota Comets and the U/Tex
Weavers. Leopoldo Prieto, the coach for the Philippines at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics, was appointed as the first
commissioner and Emerson Coseteng of Mariwasa-Noritake was chosen as the first president of the league's Board of
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Governors.[5] The first game of the league was held at the Araneta Coliseum on April 9, 1975, featuring Mariwasa-Noritake
and Concepcion Carrier.

Current teams
Team Joined PBA Titles Head coach
Alaska Aces 1986 14 Alex Compton
Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 1979 11 Tim Cone
Blackwater Elite 2014 0 Aries Dimaunahan
Columbian Dyip 2014 0 Johnedel Cardel
Magnolia Hotshots 1988 14 Chito Victolero
Meralco Bolts 2010 0 Norman Black
NLEX Road Warriors 2014 0 Yeng Guiao
NorthPort Batang Pier 2012 0 Pido Jarencio
Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 2016 0 Louie Alas
Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 2006 2 Caloy Garcia
San Miguel Beermen 1975 26 Leo Austria
TNT KaTropa 1990 7 Bong Ravena

MPBL (Maharlika Basketball Pilipinas League)

History
Manny Pacquiao launched the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League on August 29, 2017. According to Pacquiao, the
league is not intended to be a competitor to the Philippine Basketball Association, the country's top professional basketball
league. The MPBL will feature both a regional commercial and barangay-level league with teams on the commercial side to
have a home locality in addition to a corporate sponsor.
The league was planned to start as early as September 23, 2017 with at least six teams. A pre-season was held with the
Bulacan Kuyas finishing as champions.
The inaugural cup of the MPBL, the Anta Rajah Cup commenced on January 25, 2018 and was participated in by ten teams.
In the opening game at the Smart Araneta Coliseum, the Parañaque Patriots secured a 70-60 victory over the Caloocan
Supremos.] The first conference was ran until April 19, 2018 where the Batangas City Athletics crowned as the league's first-
ever champion.
After the Anta Rajah Cup, the MPBL will plan to conduct the staging of the second conference, which will be patterned after
the National Basketball Association (NBA). The tournament will begin on June 12, 2018, coinciding with the Philippine
Independence Day celebration, with additional expansion teams including from the Visayas and Mindanao region will set
to join the year-long conference divided into Northern and Southern Conferences. The two winning teams from the
divisions will face off in the National Championships and the winner will bring home a 10-million pesos worth trophy and
ball rings to be given for the members of the champion squad.
After its inaugural cup, the 2018 Anta Rajah Cup, the MPBL had expanded its roster of teams to 26. All teams are expected
to play in the next cup. After the ten expansion teams were admitted into the league, it closed its doors for new applicants
from Luzon. This was done to leave room for future Visayas and Mindanao teams. A meeting in Cebu was held on April 28
for potential Visayas and Mindanao teams. Davao Occidental Tigers became the first MPBL team from the Visayas-Mindanao
region
Current MPBL teams

Rank Group A (NORTH DIVISION)

1 Pampanga Giant Lanterns
2 Bulacan Kuyas
3 San Juan Knights
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4 Nueva Ecija MiGuard

5 Manila Stars
6 Navotas Clutch
7 Quezon City Capitals
8 Makati Super Crunch
9 Bataan Risers
10 Valenzuela SPV TOP Marketplace
11 Pasay Voyagers
12 Pasig Sta. Lucia Realtors
13 Mindoro Tamaraws
14 Caloocan Supremos
15 Bicol Volcanoes
Rank Group B (SOUTH DIVISION)
1 Basilan Steel
2 Davao Occidental Tigers
3 Imus Bandera
4 Batangas City Athletics
5 Rizal Golden Coolers
6 SOCCSKSARGEN KAPA
7 Bacolod Master Sardines
8 Iloilo United Royals
9 Biñan City Laguna Heroes
10 Parañaque Patriots
11 Muntinlupa Cagers
12 Marikina Shoemasters
13 Bacoor City Strikers
14 Cebu City Sharks
15 GenSan Warriors
16 Zamboanga Family's Brand Sardines

FIBA
The International Basketball Federation, more commonly known as FIBA (/ˈfiːbə/ FEE-bə), from its French name Fédération
internationale de basket-ball, is an association of national organizations which governs the sport of basketball worldwide.
Originally known as the Fédération internationale de basket-ball amateur (hence FIBA), in 1989 it dropped the
word amateur from its name but retained the acronym; the "BA" now represents the first two letters of basketball.
FIBA defines the rules of basketball, specifies the equipment and facilities required, organises international competitions,
regulates the transfer of athletes across countries, and controls the appointment of international referees. A total of 213
national federations are now members, organized since 1989 into five zones: Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania.
The FIBA Basketball World Cup is a world tournament for men's national teams held every four years. Teams compete for
the Naismith Trophy, named in honor of basketball's Canadian creator James Naismith. The tournament structure is similar
but not identical to that of the FIFA World Cup in football; these tournaments occurred in the same year from 1970 through
2014, but starting in 2019, the Basketball World Cup will move to the year following the FIFA World Cup. A parallel event
for women's teams, the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup, is also held quadrennially; from 1986 through 2014, it was
held in the same year as the men's event but in a different country. The women's tournament will continue to be held in the
same year as the FIFA World Cup.
History
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The association was founded in Geneva in 1932, two years after the sport was officially recognized by the IOC. Its original
name was Fédération internationale de basket-ball amateur. Eight nations were founding
members: Argentina, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Romania, and Switzerland. During the 1936 Summer
Olympics held in Berlin, the Federation named James Naismith (1861–1939), the founder of basketball, as its Honorary
President.
FIBA has organized a World Championship, now known as World Cup, for men since 1950 and a Women's World
Championship, now known as the Women's World Cup, since 1953. From 1986 through 2014, both events were held every
four years, alternating with the Olympics. As noted above, the men's World Cup will be moved to a new four-year cycle,
with tournaments in the year before the Summer Olympics, after 2014.
The Federation headquarters moved to Munich in 1956, then returned to Geneva in 2002. In 1991, it founded the FIBA Hall
of Fame; the first induction ceremony was held on 12 September 2007, during EuroBasket 2007. During its 81st anniversary
in 2013, FIBA moved into its new headquarters, "The House of Basketball", at Mies. Andreas Zagklis is the current Secretary
General of FIBA

Presidents
Years Name[3]
1932–1939 James A. Naismith (honorary)
1939–1948 Leon Bouffard
1948–1960 Willard Greim
1960–1968 Antonio dos Reis Carneiro
1968–1976 Abdel Moneim Wahby
1976–1984 Gonzalo Puyat II
1984–1990 Robert Busnel
1990–1998 George E. Killian
1998–2002 Abdoulaye Seye Moreau
2002–2006 Carl Men-Ky Ching
2006–2010 Robert Elphinston
2010–2014 Yvan Mainini
2014–2019 Horacio Muratore

Secretaries General
Years Name
1932–1976 Renato William Jones
1976–2002 Borislav Stanković
2002–2018 Patrick Baumann
2018–present Andreas Zagklis

Men's Tournaments
Basketball at the Olympics
FIBA World Championship
EuroBasket
FIBA Americas Championship
FIBA Asia Championship
FIBA Africa Championship
FIBA Oceania Championship
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Women's tournaments
Women's Basketball at the Olympics
FIBA World Championship for Women
EuroBasket for Women
FIBA Africa Championship for Women
FIBA Americas Championship for Women
FIBA Asia Championship for Women
FIBA Oceania Championship for Women

Basketball Positions
The five basketball positions normally employed by organized basketball teams are the point guard (PG), the shooting
guard (SG), the small forward (SF), the power forward (PF), and the center (C).
Typically the point guard is the leader of the team on the court. This position requires substantial ball handling skills and the
ability to facilitate the team during a play. The shooting guard, as the name implies, is often the best shooter. As well as
being capable of shooting accurately from longer distances, this position tends to also be the best defender on the team.
The small forward often has an aggressive approach to the basket when handling the ball. The small forward is also known
to make cuts to the basket in efforts to get open for shots. The power forward and the center are usually called the
"frontcourt", often acting as their team's primary rebounders or shot blockers, or receiving passes to take inside shots. The
center is typically the larger of the two.
POINT GUARD
The point guard (PG), [1] also known as the one, is typically the team's best ball handler and passer. Therefore, they often
lead their team in assists and are able to create shots for themselves and their teammates. They are often quick and are able
to hit shots either outside the three-point line or "in the paint", largely depending on the player's skill level. Point guards are
looked upon as the "floor general" or the "coach on the floor". They should study the game and game film to be able to
recognize the weaknesses of the defense, and the strengths of their own offense. They are responsible for directing plays,
making the position equivalent to that of quarterback in American football, playmaker in association football
(soccer), center in ice hockey, or setter in volleyball. Good point guards increase team efficiency and generally have a high
number of assists. They are often referred to as dribblers or play-makers. In the NBA, point guards are usually the shortest
players on the team and are mostly 6 feet 4 inches (1.93 m) or shorter.
SHOOTING GUARD
The shooting guard (SG) is also known as the two or the off guard. Along with the small forward, a shooting guard is often
referred to as a wing because of its use in common positioning tactics. As the name suggests, most shooting guards are
prolific from the three-point range. Besides being able to shoot the ball, shooting guards tend to be the best defender on
the team, as well as being able to move without the ball to create open looks for themselves. Some shooting guards also
have good ball handling skills, often creating their own shots off the dribble. A versatile shooting guard will have good
passing skills, allowing them to assume point guard responsibilities known as combo guards. Bigger shooting guards also
tend to play as small forwards. In the NBA, shooting guards usually range from 6 feet 4 inches (1.93 m) to 6 feet 8 inches
(2.03 m).
SMALL FORWARD
The small forward (SF), also known as the three, is considered to be the most versatile of the main five basketball positions.
Versatility is key for small forwards because of the nature of their role, which resembles that of a shooting guard more often
than that of a power forward. This is why the small forward and shooting guard positions are often interchangeable and
referred to as wings.
Small forwards have a variety of assets, such as quickness and strength inside. One common thread among all kinds of small
forwards is an ability to "get to the line" and draw fouls by aggressively attempting (post-up) plays, lay-ups, or slam dunks.
As such, accurate foul shooting is a common skill for small forwards, many of whom record a large portion of their points
from the foul line. Besides being able to drive to the basket, they are also good shooters from long range. Some small
forwards have good passing skills, allowing them to assume point guard responsibilities as point forwards. Small forwards
should be able to do a little bit of everything on the court, typically playing roles such as swingmen and defensive specialists.
In the NBA, small forwards usually range from 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m) to 6 feet 10 inches (2.08 m).[2]

POWER FORWARD
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The power forward (PF), also known as the four, often plays a role similar to that of the center, down in the "post" or "low
blocks". The power forward is often the team's most versatile scorer, being able to score close to the basket while also being
able to shoot mid-range jump shots from 12 to 18 feet from the basket. Some power forwards have become known
as stretch fours, since extending their shooting range to three-pointers. On defense, they are required to have the strength
to guard bigger players close to the basket and to have the athleticism to guard quick players away from the basket. Most
power forwards tend to be more versatile than centers since they can be part of plays and are not always in the low block.
In the NBA, power forwards usually range from 6 feet 8 inches (2.03 m) to 7 feet 0 inches (2.13 m).[3]
CENTER
The center (C), also known as the five, usually plays near the baseline or close to the basket (the "low post"). They are usually
the tallest players on the floor. The center usually scores "down low," or "in the paint" (near the basket, in the key), but some
can be good perimeter shooters. They are typically skilled at gathering rebounds, contesting shots and setting screens on
plays.
The center position has been traditionally considered one of the most important positions, if not the most important. The
range of players used in the position has transitioned from relatively slower but much taller "back to the basket" players to
players who would normally be classified as power forwards but can dominate the position with their defensive skills, or
mismatch ability to shoot from the high post. This has been due to the scarcity of players possessing the combination of
great skill, ideal height, and durability. This has been matched by the development of more fast-paced and athletic basketball
play, which calls for less traditional center play and a more up-and-down the court playstyle. In the NBA, centers are usually
6 feet 10 inches (2.08 m) or taller.

Basic Rules

Teams/number of players
Two teams of maximum 12 players, with a maximum of five players of each team on the court at any time.
Teams may make as many substitutions as they like.

The objective
The objective of the game is to put the ball in the opposing team’s basket.
The team with the most points at the end of the game wins.

Duration
The game consists of four periods of 10 minutes.
If the scores are tied, overtime periods of five minutes will be played until one team has more points than the other (at the
end of the 5-minute period)

Scoring
A basket scored from near the basket (inside the three-point arc) is worth two points.
A basket scored from far (beyond the three-point arc) is worth three points.
A basket scored from the free-throw line is worth one point.

Moving the ball

The ball may either be passed from one player to another, or dribbled by a player from one point to another (bounced
while walking or running).
Before passing or shooting the ball, a player may take two steps (without dribbling).
Once a player has stopped dribbling, he may not start to dribble again.
Once the team in possession of the ball has passed the half-court line, it may not cross back over the line with the ball.

Shot clock
When a team gains possession of the ball, they have a maximum of 24 seconds to attempt a shot.
Additionally, offensive players may not remain within the restricted area (key) for more than three consecutive seconds.
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Fouls
A personal foul occurs when there is illegal contact between two opponents. A player who makes more than five personal
fouls is excluded from the game.
A foul made on a player attempting a shot results in the awarding of the same number of free-throws as those of the shot
taken (two from inside the arc, three from outside). If a player is fouled but makes the attempted shot, the shot counts and
an additional free-throw will be awarded.
Once a team has made four fouls in a period, each additional foul (on a player not attempting a shot) will result in the
automatic awarding of two free-throws.

Rule Differences

The main FIBA, NBA and NCAA rule differences are summarised in the following table:

Rule FIBA NBA

Playing time 4x10 minutes 4x12 minutes

5 minutes over-time (OT) 5 minutes over-time

Shot clock 24 seconds 24 seconds

After offensive rebound: 14 seconds

3-point line 6.75m (6.60 on baseline) 7.24m (6.70m on baseline)

Time-outs 2 in first half 6 regular

3 in second half (but only 2 in last 2 per OT period
two minutes of the 4thperiod) = 60 or 100 seconds
1 per OT period + 1 short time-out (20 seconds) per half
Always 60 seconds The second short time-out can be carried over
Never carried over to OT period
!!! additional regulations

Jump ball and alternating Jump ball to star game
possession The one losing initial jump ball gets
possession for the next jump ball
situation
Alternating possession between
teams thereafter for all jump ball
situations
Jump ball to star game
The one losing initial jump ball gets possession
to start 2nd and 4th quarters
The one winning initial jump ball gets
possession to start 3rd quarter
All other jump ball situations played as "real
jump ball"

Individual foul Foul out on 5 (personal and Foul out on 6 or 2 technical

technical)

Team fouls and bonus free- 2 free-throws awarded for each
throws (non-shooting) foul after the 4th
period (includes player technical
fouls)
Does not include offensive
fouls/fouls by team in possession
2 free-throws awarded for each foul after
the 4th team foul or last two minutes of
each quarter, whichever comes first
Does not include offensive fouls and
technical fouls
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Rule FIBA NBA

Technical foul 1 free throw and possession of 1 free throw per technical foul; play
(penalty) the ball at centre resumes at the point of interruption; foul
is charged to individual in question (and
automatic fine assessed)

Goaltending/basket No blocking a ball in downward No blocking a ball in downward flight

interference flight towards the rim. towards the rim.

Once the ball strikes the rim, any An imaginary cylinder exists that has the
player can play the ball (i.e. swat basket as its base. Touching the ball while
it away or tap it in) any part of it is in this cylinder (and still
has a chance to go in) is a violation

Zone defense Legal Legal but…

defensive player may not stay in the lane
(a.k.a. key, restricted area) for longer than
three seconds if he is not actively
guarding an opponent

Player numbers 00, 0, 1-99 Any one or two digit number

00 (or 0), 1-5, 10-15, 20-25, 30-35, 40-45, 50-55

EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES

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FIBA Playing Court Dimensions

 The playing court shall have a flat, hard surface free from obstructions with dimensions of 28 m in length by 15 m
in width measured from the inner edge of the boundary line. All lines shall be drawn in white color, 5 cm in width,
and clearly visible. Also, team bench areas shall be marked outside the playing court limited by 2 lines as shown in
the image above.

 The playing court shall be limited by the boundary line, consisting of the endlines and the sidelines. These lines are
not part of the playing court. Any obstruction including seated team bench personnel shall be at least 2 m from the
playing court.

 The free-throw line shall be drawn parallel to each endline. It shall have its furthest edge 5.80 m from the inner edge
of the endline and shall be 3.60 m long. Its mid-point shall lie on the imaginary line joining the mid-point of the 2
endlines.

 The restricted areas shall be the rectangular areas marked on the playing court limited by the endlines, the extended
free-throw lines and the lines which originate at the endlines, their outer edges being 2.45 m from the mid-point of
the endlines and terminating at the outer edge of the extended free-throw lines. These lines, excluding the endlines,
are part of the restricted area. The inside of the restricted areas must be painted in one colour.

 The 3-point field goal area shall be the entire floor area of the playing court, except for the area near the opponents’
basket, limited by and including the 2 parallel lines extending from and perpendicular to the endline, with the outer
edge 0.90 m from the inner edge of the sidelines; and an arc of radius 6.75 m measured from the point on the floor
beneath the exact centre of the opponents’ basket to the outer edge of the arc. The distance of the point on the
floor from the inner edge of the mid-point of the endline is 1.575 m. The arc is joined to the parallel lines. The 3-
point line do not belong to the 3-point area.

 The 2 lines of 0.15 m in length shall be marked outside the playing court at the sideline opposite the scorer’s table,
with the outer edge of the lines 8.325 m from the inner edge of the nearest endline. These are the throw-in lines.

 The no charge semi-circle areas in the playing court are marked by a semi-circle with the radius of 1.25 m measured
from the point on the floor beneath the exact center of the basket to the inner edge of the semi-circle. Then, it was
joined to by the 2 parallel lines perpendicular to the endline, the inner edge 1.25 m from the point on the floor
beneath the exact centre of the basket, 0.375 m in length and ending 1.20 m from the inner edge of the endline.

Backboard

Basketball and sizes

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Spalding was the first company to produce a basketball for official use. Company founder A.G.
Spalding made the first dedicated basketball in the last years of the 19th century at the behest
of James Naismith. It has produced basketballs since that time and has produced the NBA’s
official game ball since 1983. They also produce the basketballs for the WNBA and NBA
Development League. The company also produces a wide variety of balls for the consumer
market.

In 2012, it also became official provider for both

the Euroleague and Eurocup competitions.[7] It also serves as provider for Liga ACB.
Spalding became the new supplier for NBL Australia in 2010.[8]

Molten

Molten, a Japanese sporting goods manufacturer, has the current contract to provide game
balls for:

 All International Basketball Federation (FIBA) world championships and continental

qualifying events.
 All FIBA Asia events.
 The VTB United League.
 Many domestic leagues, including NBL Australia, Argentina, Uruguay, British Basketball
League, France (women), Greece, Indonesia, Italy, Lithuania, the Philippines, Poland
(women's), and Portugal.
Until the 2006–07 season, it had provided balls for both Europe-wide competitions organized
by Euroleague Basketball, the Euroleague and ULEB Cup(now the Eurocup). Molten's top-of-
the line product is the GL7, a leather ball with a distinctive 12-panel design
Size
Size Type Circumference Weight
29.5 in (75 cm) 22 oz (620 g)
7 Men [749–780 mm [567–650 g
29.5–30.7 in][5] 20–23 oz][5]
28.5 in (72 cm) 20 oz (570 g)
6 Women [724–737 mm [510–567 g
28.5–29.0 in][5] 18–20 oz][5]

NBA Trivias

1. Muggsy Bogues (Shortest player in NBA history)

At 5 feet, 3 inches, Tyrone Bogues, better known as Muggsy Bogues, holds the record as the shortest
player in NBA history. He was drafted by the Washington Bullets in 1987, but he's best-known for playing with the
Charlotte Hornets alongside Alonzo Mourning and Larry Johnson

Isaiah Thomas is definitely one of the shortest NBA players. Isaiah Thomas, currently playing for the Cavs, stands at
a bare 5′ 9″. Standing next to him, is John Wall who is 6′ 4″

2. Manute Bol and Gheorghe Muresan (Tallest players in NBA history)

The two tallest NBA players of all-time, Manute Bol and Gheorghe Muresan, both played for Washington. Each
man was listed at 7'7”

Boban “Bobi” Marjanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Бобан Марјановић; born August 15, 1988) is a Serbian
professional basketball player for the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He also represents
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the Serbian national basketball team in international competitions. Standing at 7-foot-3.5-inch playing the center position,
he is the tallest active player in the NBA.

3. Highest NBA player salary by season (2018 – 2019 season)

Player [7] Salary Team

Stephen Curry $37,457,154 Golden State Warriors
Russell Westbrook $35,665,000 Oklahoma City Thunder
Chris Paul $35,654,150 Houston Rockets
LeBron James $35,654,150 Los Angeles Lakers
Blake Griffin $31,873,932 Detroit Pistons

4. The oldest person ever to play in the NBA was Nat Hickey, a coach who activated himself as a player for a game
two days before his 46th birthday. The youngest player ever to play in the NBA was Andrew Bynum, who played his
first game only six days after his 18th birthday. The oldest active player is Atlanta Hawks guard/forward Vince Carter,
who is currently 42 years old. The youngest active player in the NBA is Detroit Pistons forward Sekou Doumbouya, the
15th overall pick in the 2019 NBA draft, who is currently 18 years old.

PBA trivias

1. Edward Joseph "E. J." Feihl (born March 27, 1970) is a Filipino retired basketball player of German-Filipino descent.
He stands 7'1" tall, making him the tallest Filipino professional basketball player ever to play in the PBA to date

Gregory Slaughter, 7’0” (current teallest PBA player) playing Center under the Ginebra Gin Kings team.

2. Billy Abarrientos , Shortest player in PBA history. He stands 5’5” tall and used to be the uncle of Johnny Barrientos.

Eman Monfort, the current shortest player in PBA. He stands 5’6” tall and playing PG for the NLEX Warriors team

3. June Mar Fajardo, (6’10”) is the current highest paid PBA player. Playing center for the San Miguel Beermen team.
4. Kerby Mariano Raymundo, Raymundo joined the PBA at the age of 19 when Red Bull made the decision to move
to the PBA from the PBL making him the second youngest player to join the league. He played six games for Red
Bull in his debut in the 2000 All-Filipino Cup, but was banned by the league for the rest of the season after finding
out that Raymundo falsified his requirements to enter the league. The league required players who have graduated
from high school in 1996, while Raymundo graduated only a year later before going to Letran.

Current Oldest and youngest active PBA players,

 Pauliasi Taulava (born March 2, 1973), also known as Asi Taulava, is a Tongan-born Filipino
professional basketball player in the Philippines who currently plays for the NLEX Road Warriors in the Philippine
Basketball Association (PBA). He is the oldest active player in the league and is currently in his 18th season. Standing
6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) tall and weighing 245 pounds (111 kg), Taulava is considered by many to be one of the greatest
and most dominant Filipino basketball players to ever play the center position in the PBA. Throughout his 21-year
career, Taulava has used his size and strength to overpower opponents for points and rebounds. He is also a many-
time member of the Philippine national team in international competitions.
 Robert Lee E. Bolick Jr. (born September 13, 1995) He is the current youngest PBA player (24 years old) and is a
Filipino professional basketball player for the NorthPort Batang Pier of Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). He
played college basketball for the San Beda Red Lions of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines).
He plays point guard position.
 13

BASIC SKILLS IN BASKETBALL

1. Dribbling
In basketball, dribbling is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it to another player or
shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously with one hand while walking or running
down the court
 High Bounce
The high dribble is used when you are trying to move the ball up the court very quickly. Typically, you will see high dribbles
after steals and during fast-break opportunities. To execute a high dribble, keep you torso erect and push the top of the ball
forward, well ahead of your body. The bounce of the ball should reach anywhere from between your upper thigh to slightly
above your waist.
 Change of Pace
A change of pace dribble is used to cause your defender to lose his balance as you move the ball forward with a high
dribble. The change of pace occurs when you slow your momentum moving the ball forward and relax your torso. The
defender, thinking you are slowing down, goes back on his heels. You rapidly accelerate past him.
 Crossover
If your defender is making a strong attempt to prevent you from going right or left, using a crossover dribble can be effective.
For example, if your defender is trying to prevent you from going to your right, you would perform a crossover dribble to
your left. To do so, flick the ball across your body from your right hand to your left hand, while simultaneously moving your
right foot across your body to your left. It is important to keep your body low; your dribble should be no higher than your
knees. Accelerate past your defender by pushing off with your left foot.
 Between the Legs
The between the legs dribble is used to go past a defender who is overplaying you. If you are going left, begin with rapid
low dribbles with your right hand. Take a deep step forward with your left foot and flick the ball through your legs to your
left hand. Keep your body low as you move forward to your left.
 Behind the Back
If you want to change directions while keeping a good view of the entire court, a behind the back dribble can be effective.
If you want to move to your left, begin dribbling with your right hand. To execute this dribble you need to place your hand
on the side of the ball. Step forward with your left foot while simultaneously wrapping the ball behind your back, across the
back of your thighs, and flick the ball toward your left hand. Be sure to plant your right foot before stepping forward with
your left foot.

2. Passing
Is a common technique in sports that use balls and pucks. ... Passing in basketball has been defined as "The deliberate
attempt to move a live ball between two teammates", a definition which might equally apply across other sports equally
well, albeit with a change to the item being passed where appropriate .

 CHEST PASS
The chest pass is named so because the pass originates from the chest. It is thrown by gripping the ball on the
sides with the thumbs directly behind the ball. When the pass is thrown, the fingers are rotated behind the ball
and the thumbs are turned down. The resulting follow through has the back of the hands facing one another 
with the thumbs straight down. The ball should have a nice backspin.

When throwing a chest pass, the players should strive to throw it to the receiver's chest level. Passes that go
low to high or high to low are difficult to catch.

 BOUNCE PASS
The bounce pass is thrown with the same motion however it is aimed at the floor. It should be thrown far enough
out that the ball bounces waist high to the receiver. Some say try to throw it 3/4 of the way to the receiver, and
that may be a good reference point to start, but each player has to experiment how far to throw it so it bounces
to the receiver properly. Putting a proper and consistent backspin on the pass will make the distance easier to
 14

judge.

 OVERHEAD PASS
The overhead pass is often used as an outlet pass. Bring the ball directly above your forehead with both hands on
the side of the ball and follow through. Aim for the teammate's chin. Some coaches advise not bring the ball
behind your head, because it can get stolen and it takes a split-second longer to throw the pass.

 BASEBALL PASS
A baseball pass is a one-handed pass that uses the same motion as a baseball throw. This is often used to make
long passes

 DRIBBLE PASS
The dribble pass is used to quickly pass the ball with one hand off of the dribble. This can be an air or bounce
pass. You'll see Steve Nash do this all of the time.

 BEHIND-THE-BACK PASS
A behind-the-back pass is when you wrap the ball around your back to throw the ball. It is used to avoid the
defender when making a pass across the front of you would be risky. It can also be used to throw the ball to a
player trailing on the fast break.

 PUSH PASS
The Push Pass is one of the most functional passing techniques in basketball. Especially useful in the half court, the
strength of the push pass is in the ability to keep the ball away from the defender when passing.

 BLIND PASS
A pass that a player makes without looking at the puck's path or at the intended recipient of their pass. The goal
of the blind pass is to fool opponents into thinking that the puck is going one way when it is really going in
another direction. A blind pass can also be called a "no-look pass"

 ALLEY - OOP PASS

An alley-oop in basketball is an offensive play in which one player throws the ball near the basket to a teammate
who jumps, catches the ball in mid air and slam dunks it before touching the ground.
The alley-oop combines elements of teamwork, pinpoint passing, timing and finishing.

3. SHOOTING
A basketball shot made over the head with the hand that is farther from the basket. jump shot, jumper. (basketball) a player
releases the basketball at the high point of a jump. lay-up, layup. A basketball shot made with one hand from a position
under or beside the basket (and usually banked off the backboard)

 Jump Shot

A jump shot is most frequently used for a mid to long-range shots, including shooting beyond the arc.
To achieve balance when facing the basket for a jump shot, you have to take a wide stance, usually, shoulder width apart,
bend your knees and square your shoulders. Make a fluid, explosive upward leap and at the apex of the jump, follow
through by shooting the ball. When the ball is released at the apex of the jump shot, keep your elbows straight to ensure
that it is pointed in the direction of the basket. Concentrate on the flicking of your wrist and holding it in position to provide
the ball with momentum and spin.

 Hook Shot
A hook shot is when the shot is made while your body is not directly facing the basket.
 15

To execute a shoot shot, you need to face the basket sideways so that your shooting hand dribbling the ball is facing away
from the basket. This is also the stance to help guard the ball against your opponent. This makes it difficult for your opponent
to try to block the shot due to the distance created between you and your defender.
To make the shot, jump with your left foot pushing off the ground if you’re making a right-handed shot or vice versa. The
shooting arm should be slightly bent, and it should thrust upwards as the ball is lobbed with a flick of the wrist.
The hook shot is a staple of many players in the National Basketball Association, including notable stars such as George
Mikan, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Magic Johnson, and Yao Ming.

 Bank Shot
A bank shot is when any shot made where the ball hits the backboard before heading into the net.
To execute a bank shot, treat it as though you’re taking a jump shot but this time, aim slightly higher by shooting for the
backboard. Jumping higher can also sometimes mean jumping slightly backwards when aiming for the basket to prevent
defenders from blocking the shot. The ball should not be hitting the rim too much after bouncing off the backboard. The
ball should then bounce off the backboard and into the net.

 Set Shot
To begin the shot, crouch down with your knees apart and face the basket. Your shooting hand should be behind the ball
with the wrist cocked. If you are a right-hand shooter, your right leg should be just ahead of your left as your knees bend.
Make sure your shooting hand is facing the basket

 Layup
A layup is a shot made from short range by a player moving towards the basket. Usually utilising the backboard if he
approaches the hoop from an angle. This is also one of the most basic and common way of scoring a basket in the game.
To execute a layup, dribble the ball towards the basket. If you’re on the right flank, dribble the ball with your right hand.
At the three-point line, or within two metres from the basket, take two giant strides towards the hoop and attempt to score
by throwing the ball at the top corner of the backboard or lay the ball gently into the basket.

 Slam Dunk
The dunk is usually the most spectacular shot and is one of the toughest feats in basketball. It usually requires more jumping
ability than shooting skills. To execute a slam dunk, dribble and charge towards the hoop when ready to execute the dunk.
Jump explosively to get as high as possible and leap towards the hoop. Lift the ball above the rim and push or slam it
forcefully through the rim. Most people jump off one foot, but you might find that you can jump higher off both feet. So
there you have it, six ways of scoring in basketball.

 Alley - oop
A play in which one player throws the ball into the vicinity of the rim and a jumping team-mate catches it and scores
a basket in one motion, usually with a dunk.

 Reverse lay – up
The Reverse Layup is a more stylish method of making the ball from close. Generally you fake the defender into defending
a regular layup on the near side and then jump to the far side of the basket before shooting

4. REBOUND
A rebound, sometimes colloquially referred to as a board, is a statistic awarded to a player who retrieves the ball after a
missed field goal or free throw. Rebounds are also given to a player who tips in a missed shot on his team's offensive
end. Rebounds in basketball are a routine part in the game, as most possessions change after a shot is successfully made,
or the rebound allows the defensive team to take possession. A rebound can be grabbed by either an offensive player or a
defensive player.

Types of Rebound
 16

 Offensive rebounds, in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and does not change possession, and
"defensive rebounds", in which the defending team gains possession.
 The majority of rebounds are defensive because the team on defense tends to be in better position (i.e., closer to
the basket) to recover missed shots. Offensive rebounds give the offensive team another opportunity to score
whether right away or by resetting the offense

5. DEFENSE
In many team sports, defence or defense is the action of preventing an opponent from scoring. The term may also refer to
the tactics involved in defense, or a sub-team whose primary responsibility is defense

 Man-to-Man Defense
Man-to-man defense has each defender assigned to defend a certain offensive player... his or her "man". Sounds simple
enough, but great man-to-man defense is much more than that. Defenders two-passes away from the ball drop off their
man into "helpside" defense. So away from the ball, the man-to-man defense looks and acts a lot like a zone defense, while
you have a defender pressuring the ball at all times. Man-to-man defense has the advantage of maintaining pressure on the
ball at all times. This defense may be susceptible to guard dribble-penetration, but this can be avoided by your on-ball
defenders learning to become good defenders, your adjacent wing defenders learning to "hedge" in the seams, and by
having good helpside defense.

 Zone defense
is a type of defense, used in team sports, which is the alternative to man-to-man defense; instead of each player guarding a
corresponding player on the other team, each defensive player is given an area (a zone) to cover . The names given to zone
defenses start with the number of players on the front of the zone (farthest from the goal) followed by the numbers of
players in the rear zones. For example, in a 2–3 zone two defenders cover areas in the top of the zone (near the top of the
key) while three defenders cover areas near the baseline.

 2-3 Zone

The two-three zone player alignment consists of two players positioned just above the free throw line and three
players stationed along the baseline.

Strength: Baseline & Rebounding

Weakness: Wings & top of the circle
 17

 2-1-2 Zone

The Two-One-Two zone has a similar player alignment as the two-three zone, except that the middle
baseline player assumes a high position just below the free throw line.

Strength: Middle & Three second area

Weakness: Wings, corners & top of the circle

 1-2-2 Zone

The One-Two-Two or "Jug" zone player alignment consists of one player at the top of the circle, two players on the
wings, and two players on the baseline.

Strength: Outside
Weakness: Middle & corners

 3-2 Zone

The Three-Two Zone is similar to the One-Two-Two zone except that the point defender drops back to the free
throw line. This allows the wings to exert more pressure.

Strength: Across free throw line

Weakness: Top of Circle & corners
 18

 1-3-1 Zone

The One-Three-One Zone consists of a point station at the top of the circle, three players position across the free
throw line and one player in front of the basket.

Strength: Across free throw line & Top of Circle

Weakness: Corners

FOUL
A foul is an infraction of the rules more serious than a violation. Most fouls occur as a result of illegal personal contact with
an opponent and/or unsportsmanlike behavior. Fouls can result in one or more of the following penalties:

 The team whose player committed the foul loses possession of the ball to the other team.
 The fouled player is awarded one or more free throws.
 The player committing the foul "fouls out" of the game.
 The player committing the foul is suspended from some number of subsequent games.

CLASSES OF FOUL

Personal foul
A personal foul is the most common type of foul. It results from personal contact between two opposing players.
Basketball features constant motion, and contact between opposing players is unavoidable, but significant contact that is
the fault of illegal conduct by one opponent is a foul against that player. Most personal fouls are called against a defensive
player. A personal foul that is committed by a player of the team in possession of the ball is called an offensive foul. When
neither team is in clear possession of the ball, a foul is called a loose-ball foul.

Flagrant foul
A flagrant foul is violent player contact that the official believes is not a legitimate attempt to directly play the ball within
the rules.
 The NBA and NCAA men's competitions define a Flagrant-1 foul as unnecessary contact, and two such penalties leads
to ejection of the player. A Flagrant-2 foul is contact that is both unnecessary and excessive, and requires ejection.
 FIBA and NCAA women's competitions penalize excessive or unjustified contact between opponents. Their terms for
the respective levels of foul are an unsportsmanlike foul and a disqualifying foul.

Technical foul
A technical foul is a foul unrelated to physical contact during game play. The foul may be called on a player in the game,
another player, a coach, or against the team in general. This class of foul applies to all of the following:
 Unsportsmanlike conduct outside the scope of the game, such as taunting, profanity, or conduct toward an official.
 A personal foul committed by a player who has fouled out of the game but is readmitted to the game because of the
lack of substitutes.
 Requesting a timeout when the team has already used their last allotted timeout.
 Illegal gamesmanship, such as delay of game.
 19

 A variety of other situations, such as arranging the players in an illegal defense.

In the last two cases, the rules may call for the referee to give a warning rather than assess a technical foul on the first
infraction.

TYPES OF FOUL

Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.

 Pushing — Contact that displaces an opponent (for example, pushing a player away from the basket, or using
body weight to affect a player's movement).
 Holding — Contact that interferes with a player's freedom of movement (for example, physically grabbing a player
driving to the basket).
 Illegal use of hands — Extending the hands outside the cylinder and causing illegal contact (for example, going for
a steal but hitting the player's hand or arm, or hitting the arm of a shooter).
 Hand-checking — Contact by the defense on a ball handler that impedes a player's speed, quickness, rhythm,
and/or balance.
 Illegal use of elbow — Moving one's elbow outside the cylinder to disadvantage an opponent. This mostly occurs
during a post-up play situation, where either offense or defense attempt to gain a better position.
 Illegal use of legs or knees (on the dunk): Jumping up with one knee forward as to intentionally hit the defender .
 Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving. When an offensive player sticks out a limb and makes physical
contact with a defender in an attempt to block the path of the defender.
 Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a defensive player. The ball is
given to the team that the foul was committed upon.
 Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to prevent
an opponent's drive to the basket.
 Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to steal the
ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.
 Advantage Foul. A player who has a “clear path to the basket”, or has just passed to someone who is practically
there, can be awarded two free throws and possession of the ball, negating any advantage from fouling.

VIOLATIONS
A common violation is the most minor class of illegal action. Most violations are committed by the team with possession of
the ball, when a player mishandles the ball or makes an illegal move. The typical penalty for a violation is loss of the ball to
the other team. This is one type of turnover.

 Ball-handling violations:
o Backcourt violation (Over and back)
o Carrying or palming
o Double-dribble
o Traveling
 Excessive time taken:
o Defensive three-second violation (Illegal defense) (penalized as a technical foul)
o Five-second rule
o Shot clock violation
o Time line violation, exceeding the time limit to reach the frontcourt (8- or 10-second violation)
o Three seconds rule (Lane violation)
 Other violations:
o Basket interference
o Goaltending
o Ball kick violation
o Stepping out of bounds and throwing the ball out of bounds may also be considered violations that result in loss
of the ball.
 20

BASKETBALL TERMINOLOGIES

 Air ball: A shot that misses the rim or backboard.

 Alive: Offensive player who has the ball and has not dribbled.
 Alternating Possession Rule: The possession arrow changes direction after each subsequent jump ball or held ball
situation, alternating which team gets possession for the throw-in. The first possession after a held ball goes to the team
who lost the opening jump ball to begin the game.
 Assist: A pass to a teammate that results in a made basket.
 Backboard: The flat surface directly behind the basket. The basket is connected to the backboard.
 Backdoor: An offensive move where a player cuts behind the defenders and receives a pass for a field-goal attempt.
 Ball Handler: The player with the ball. Usually the guard at the start of the play.
 Bank Shot: A shot where the ball is first bounced or banked off the backboard at such an angle that it then drops into the
basket.
 Basket: Consists of the rim and the net, also known a ‘the hoop’.
 Basketball: A round ball made of rubber, leather or synthetic leather. Comes in 3 different sizes (size 5, 6 or 7).
 Blind Pass: A pass from a ball handler who does not see their receiver but is estimating where they should be.
 Blocked Shot: The successful deflection of a shot by touching part of the ball on its way to the basket, and preventing a
field goal.
 Blocking: The use of a defender’s body position to legally prevent an opponent’s advance. It is the opposite of charging.
 Boards: The backboard which the ring or basket is attached or slang for a ‘rebound’ – the act of a player grabbing the ball
after a missed shot attempt.
 Boxing out: The defensive player turns and faces the basket following a shot and with his or her back to the opponent,
and ensures that the player being guarded can’t ‘rebound’ the ball.
 Charging: An offensive foul, which occurs when an offensive player runs into a defender who has established position.
 Court vision: A player’s ability to see everything on the court during play.
 Crossover dribble: When a ball handler dribbles the ball across their body from one hand to the other.
 Cut: A quick movement by an offensive player without the ball to gain an advantage over the defense usually directed
towards the basket.
 Dead: Offensive player has the ball and has already used their dribble. They must now either pass or shot the ball.
 Dead Ball: Any player with the ball that is not ‘live’. This occurs after each successful field goal, free-throw attempt, after
any official’s whistle or if the ball leaves the court, then play is stopped.
 Defense: The act of preventing the offense from scoring. Defense is the team without the ball.
 Down court: The direction a team on offense moves, from its backcourt to its frontcourt and towards its own basket.
 Double Dribble: The act of dribbling the ball, stopping the dribble or motion of the ball and beginning to dribble
again. Results in a violation and turnover.
 Downtown: Referred to as a shot that was considered to distant for the normal shooter to take or in the ‘3-point’ area.
 Dribble: The act of bouncing the ball up and down. The offensive player with the ball uses the dribble to move the ball
around the court.
 Drive: The movement of an offensive player while aggressively dribbling towards the basket in an attempt to score.
 Dunk: A shot in which a jumping player slams the ball down into the opponent’s basket from above.
 Established Position: When a defensive player has both feet firmly planted on the floor before an offensive player’s head
and shoulder gets past them. The offensive player who runs into such a defender is charging.
 Exhibition Game: The act of playing another team and the outcome not being counted in any league standings.
 Fake: A movement made with the aim of deceiving an opponent. This can be done with either a pass or a shot fake.
 Fastbreak: The act of moving the ball quickly down court by an offensive team in hopes of getting ahead of the defense to
score.
 Feed: To pass the ball to a teammate who is in a scoring position.
 Field Goal: When the ball enters the basket from above the rim during play. It is worth two points.
 Flagrant Foul: This is unnecessary or excessive contact against an opponent.
 Floor: The area of the court within the end lines and the sidelines.
 21

 Floor Violation: A player’s action that violates rules but does not prevent an opponent’s movement (traveling, double
dribble, etc.). They are penalized by a loss in possession.
 Foul: Actions by players, which break the rules but are not floor violations. They are penalized by a change in possession
or free throw opportunities.
 Fouled Out: A player having to leave the game because they have committed five fouls.
 Foul Shot or Free Throw: An unguarded shot taken from the foul line by a player whose opponent committed a personal
or technical foul, which is worth one point.
 Free Ball: A ball, which is in play but is not in the possession of either team, also called a ‘loose ball’.
 Free Throw: The act of shooting the ball from the marked free throw line (ranging 10-15 feet from the basket) while the
remaining players line up down the ‘key’. Shot is taken at the result of a foul or technical foul being called.
 Give and Go: An offensive play in which a player passes the ball to a teammate and cuts towards the basket for a return
pass to score.
 Goaltending: Interference with a shot by touching the ball or basket while the ball is on, over, or within the rim. Also
touching the ball on its downward flight to the basket before it hits the rim.
 Guarding: The act of following an opponent around the court to prevent them from getting close to the basket, taking an
open short or making easy passes.
 Half time: The rest period between two halves of the game. Usually 5 minutes in length.
 Hand checking: Illegal use of hands, usually on the back or hips of the offensive player.
 High percentage shot: A shot that is likely to go in the basket, typically taken near the hoop.
 High post: A player who is stationed in or near the free throw semicircle on offense.
 Hoop: The basketball rim and backboard players shoot the ball towards in attempt to score points. Also referred to as the
‘basket’.
 In the Paint: Being in the large rectangle area under each basket or the foul lane area, which is painted a different
color. AKA ‘the key’.
 Inbounds: The area within the end lines and sidelines of the court.
 Incidental Contact: Minor contact usually overlooked by officials which does not give the opposing team an unfair
advantage or affect the outcome of the game.
 Inside Shooting: Shots taken by a player near or under the basket.
 Jump shot: Field-goal attempt by a player with both feet off the floor, enabling the player to shoot over the defender.
 Lay-up or Lay in: A shot taken after driving to the basket by leaping up under the basket and using one hand to shoot the
ball off the backboard.
 Loose Ball: A ball that is alive but not in the possession of either team.
 Lower Percentage shot: A shot that is less likely to go in the basket, usually taken further away from the hoop.
 Match-ups: Any pairing of players on opposing teams who guard each other.
 Outlet Pass: The first pass made after a defensive rebound to a teammate to start a fastbreak.
 Outside Shooting: Shots taken from the perimeter, further away from the hoop.
 Pass: When a player throws the ball to a teammate to advance the ball during a possession.
 Personal Foul: Contact between players, which may result in excessive physical contact or provide one team with an unfair
advantage. Players may not push, hold, trip, hack, elbow, restrain or charge into an opponent. These are also counted as
team fouls.
 Pivot: A center, also the foot that must remain touching the floor until a ball handler who has stopped dribbling is ready to
pass or shoot.
 Possession: To be holding or in control of the ball.
 Post Position: The position of a player standing in the low post or high post in the ‘key’ area near the hoop.
 Rebound: A term used to describe the actual retrieving of the ball as it rebounds from the backboard or the ring after a
missed shot.
 Receiver: The player who receives a pass from the ball handler.
 Referee: The person(s) assigned to the game to maintain the flow and integrity of the game.
 Sag: When a defender moves away from their opponent toward the basket they are defending.
 Scrimmage: Practice play between squads of one team.
 22

 Shooter: A player who takes a shot at the basket in attempts to score.

 Shooter’s roll: This is the ability to get even an inaccurate shot to bounce lightly off the rim and into the basket.
 Shooting Range: The distance from which a player is likely to make their shots.
 Squaring up: When a player’s shoulders are facing the basket as they release the ball for a shot. This is considered good
shooting position.
 Steal: To take the ball away from an opponent.
 Strong Side/Weak Side: Whichever side of the key that the ball is on when on offense is called the strong side. The other
side is the weak side. If the ball changes sides, the weak side is now the strong side.
 Substitute: A player who comes into the game to replace a player on the court.
 Switch: Two defensive players change checks during live play.
 Technical Foul: A special violation called at the discretion of the referee towards players, coaches or the team. Infractions
include an intentional or flagrant contact foul, unsportsmanlike conduct or other actions detrimental to the spirit of the
game.
 Throw-in: The method by which a team with possession inbounds the ball.
 Time-out: A period of sixty seconds during which the play is stopped and teams discuss strategy and a moment to allow
players to rest.
 Tip-off: The initial jump ball that starts the game.
 Trailer: An offensive player that follows behind the ball-handler.
 Violation: An infringement of the rules, which does not involve contact. The opposing team is awarded the ball for a
throw-in from out of bounds.

Types of tournament

 Single Elimination Tournament

The single elimination format is by far the easiest to organize. The name says it all, if a team loses one time they are out of
the tournament. This type of tournament works best if you have a large number of teams and a short time frame. Single
elimination tournaments don't work well for "matches" that are very short in time.

 Double Elimination Tournament

The double elimination tournament is my favorite format, and along with single elimination is the most popular. To be
eliminated from this type of tourney, a team or player must lose two times. There is a winner's bracket and a loser's bracket,
everyone starts in the winner's bracket. Upon defeat they will move to the loser's bracket where they will battle their way to
play in the championship match, which they must defeat the winner's bracket champion twice.
 23

 Triple Elimination Tournament

Not quite as popular as the Single and the Double, the triple elimination format is good to add to you arsenal if you are
looking to add a few extra matches for the participants. Just as with the other two, Triple Elimination simply means that a
team or player needs to lose 3 times in order to be eliminated from the tournament. When a team loses in the winner's
bracket they will drop to loser's Bracket 1, when they lose there they will drop to loser's bracket 2. If beaten in loser's bracket
2 they are eliminated from the tournament.
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 Round Robin
The Round Robin Tournament is fairly popular and simply means that every team will play every other team in the
tournament one time. This allows for a wide variety of opponents, and as opposed to an elimination tournament the teams
can see how they match up with all teams. Based on the number of participants, the round robin format can be broken up
into "pools". A pool is a group of teams that will play round robin and the winner of each pool will usually face off in a
championship tournament. Example: A normal 24 team Round Robin Tournament would have 276 games, so the ideal way
to run this would be to break it up into 6 Pools of 4 teams which would have 36 total games. You could then take the 6
winners from each pool and have a single elimination tournament to decide the overall championship.
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#1 Fundamental Philosophy
Whether it’s LeBron James, Kobe Bryant, Kevin Durant or any other NBA superstar, they all played youth
basketball at some point. For parents and coaches, basketball leagues are great to keep your kid active and
interested in teamwork and sports.

The fundamental coaching philosophy consists of teaching basic basketball fundamentals such
as shooting, dribbling, passing, rebounding and etc. If your players learn and understand the proper
shooting fundamentals, your team will be a good shooting team no matter what offense you run.
The fundamentals of shooting include proper footwork, position, follow-through, and so on.
This coaching philosophy is for coaches who have a younger team and loves “attention to detail” and also
understands that the little things count.
Here are some vital tips when utilizing the fundamental coaching philosophy:
 As a coach, it’s vital that you are able to teach the right fundamentals that will last with players for their
remainder of their playing careers.
 It’s also vital as a coach that you are able to be yourself while teaching kids valuable lessons.
For children who are just lacing up their shoes for the first time, they may not be interested in scoring in
double digits or even winning championships. And as hard as it may be for you to deal with that, at the
fundamental level it is valuable philosophy to be able to implement.

#2 Autocratic Philosophy
As children get a bit older, the assertion and required passion will shift from fundamentals to a desire to
win and demonstrate a difference in talent levels. This is where you can utilize the a utocratic basketball
coaching philosophy and can excel. These types of coaches make the decisions for their team and
demonstrate a tough-love type of atmosphere in practice and during games. Players may not completely
understand the passion that comes at this time, but as they get older they’ll quickly learn the importance
and methodology that their coaches put into place.

#3 Democratic and Goal Oriented Philosophy

Democratic and goal oriented basketball coaching philosophies are often found within teams that may not
have a superstar, but rather a complete team that can come together and be there best. You have seen the
stories and heard of teams that were able to upset the much more talented opposing teams.
Well this wouldn’t have been possible without te amwork and a goal to drive to. Coaches who implement
these specific type of philosophies put an emphasis on letting the team run itself and the players making
the best decisions for the team.

#4 Aggressive Philosophy
As players get older and certain individuals separate themselves from the rest of the talent pool, it can be
difficult for a coach to keep everyone on the team together. This is especially apparent at the collegiate level
when some players are only there with the intentions of catapulting them selves into the NBA. When this
becomes the case, aggressive basketball coaching philosophies are seen by many of the best college coaches
in the world. Whether it’s Tom Izzo, Bill Self or even Bob Knight, they all have a bit of edge to them that really
makes their teams work harder and gets them motivated. These coaches are known for sticking up for their
teams and pointing their aggression at referees, especially since they know that they have certain talent on
their team that is there only to make it to t he NBA.
In addition, these types of coaches have to manage different types of egos. An aggressive basketball coaching
philosophy allows for coaches to hold control of the team, while still maximizing the talent they have on the
team.

Three reasons to be considerate when utilizing the Aggressive Coaching Philosophy:

1. Coach Mike Rice was fired from Rutgers University
2. Anger and aggression is just not as effective with kids today
3. Hurt players confidence and their interest in the game
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As a coach, you have to be smart on how you use aggression as a coaching style. Any aggression should
have a positive reinforcement. Be constructive not critical!

#5 Humanistic Philosophy
If you ever become a professional basketball coach or are a current professional basketball coach, you will
always wonder why it is so hard to control players in the same way.
After all, asking players to run a set of suicides can seem to be a bit overdone when they are getting paid
millions of dollars to show up. Instead, great coaches like Phil Jackson and Gregg Popovich have shown that
a humanistic approach, which is where they implement a plan and let the players carry it out, can be
incredibly successful at this level.
A humanistic approach varies in success, considering some players get paid and their production drops off.
But when done the right way, it can be the most successful coaching philosophy around individuals who get
paid extremely large amounts of money to play a game for a living.

Conclusion
If you want to become a good coach, you will first have to develop a coaching philosophy tha t fits your
personality and teaching method.
Each coach has their own way of running their team. However, a lot of this has to do with the age level and
the talent that makes up the team. With the philosophies outlined here, coaches have a better idea of w hat
may be best to try with their team and how they can get the most success out of their players.
Whatever your coaching style is, coach and teach with passion !

Prepared by: Mr. Armel C. Loon BPE., MATPE (June 24, 2019)
PE 205 Instructor