CHAPTER III

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This chapter represents the method used in the process of undertaking the research. This

contains the research design, chemicals and reagents, plant extraction, phytochemical screening,

the procedures used in the study and the statistical analysis used in the treatment of data.

Research Design

The design used by the researchers in the study is the experimental design. With this

method, the researchers have the ability to study the variables to find the answer to the stated

problem and to analyze the potentiality of Aloe vera and its phytochemical components.

Research Study

This study seeks to investigate the use of experimental design towards discovering the

phytochemicals in Aloe vera against type 2 diabetes. The plant sample, Aloe vera gel, will be

obtained within Tandag City. Phytochemical screening is used to determine if Aloe vera contains

properties that can be used against type 2 diabetes.

Sampling Design

The sampling design used in this research is applying the non-probability purposive

sampling design. It means that the plant material, Aloe vera gel, was purposefully sought for and

was tested for the specific use of this research. The materials used were gathered from Tandag

City, Surigao del Sur.

Chemicals and Reagents

All chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade and were obtained from and

within the area of Tandag City, Surigao del Sur.

Plant Extraction

Collected 100 grams of fresh Aloe Vera from Tandag City Public Market which were

then washed and cut. The outer coating was then sliced and the gel inside was extracted. Then it

was crushed to soften the gel and to further liquify.

Preparation of Disks with Extract

Twenty microliters of extract were dispensed into each sterile paper disk. The

impregnated paper disk was placed in a sterile petri dish and air dried for 1 hour under the

Laminar flow hood. (Guevara et al, 2004)

Phytochemical Analysis

The gel extract was subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening for the presence of

some chemical constituents such as steroids, phenolics, fixed oil, alkaloid, glycoside, saponin,

flavonoid, tannins and carbohydrate. Investigation for the presence of the phytoconstituents

(Edeoga HO, 2005; Harborne JB, 1998).

Screening of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activity

Phytochemical components were analyzed qualitatively and screened for pharmacological

activities of Aloe vera. The analyzation was used to determine the presence of certain chemical

constituents.

Conceptual Framework
Statistical Analysis

This study used One-way Analysis of Variance to analyze and study the given results.

The Tukey’s multi-comparison test was then used to compare the following effectiveness

between the various treatments that were found in the phytochemical screening of Aloe vera gel

as a substitute for anti-hyperglycemic drugs to treat type 2 diabetes (Noninsulin-dependent

Diabetes Mellitus).