LOCAL

GOVERNMENT
UNIT

LAWRENCE JARANILLA
G-11 EINSTEIN

ALLAN V. DIZON
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
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1. History and Law of LGU
Before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, most people lived in small
independent villages called barangays, each ruled by a local paramount ruler called a datu.
The Spanish later founded many small towns, which they called poblaciones, and from those
centre’s roads of trails were built in four to six directions, like the spokes of a wheel. Along
the roadsides arose numerous new villages, designated barrios under the Spanish, which were
further subdivided into smaller neighborhood units called sitios.
Officially local government in the Philippines, often called local government units or
LGUs, are divided into three levels-provinces and independent cities; component cities and
municipalities; and barangays. In one area, above provinces and independent cities, is an
autonomous region, the autonomous region of Muslim Mindanao. Below barangays in some
cities and municipalities are sitios and puroks. All of these, with the exception of sitios and
puroks, elect their own executives and legislatures. Sitios and puroks are often led by elected
barangay councilors. Provinces and independent cities are organized into national
government regions but those are administrative regions and not separately governed areas
with their own elected governments.
Alicia was once called’’Angadanan Viejo’’ (which means “Old Angadanan”) when the
new Angadanan was relocated in 1776 to its current location near the Angadanan Creek.
The old Angadanan town was part of the Cagayan Valley province. The entire Cagayan
Valley province. The entire Cagayan Valley was one large province which the Spaniards
called La Provincial Del Valle de Cagayan, but divided into two new provinces in 1839 by
the Spanish conquistadors. One retained the old name Cagayan which comprised all towns
from Aparri to Tumauini; while a new province of Nueva Vizcaya was created composed of
all towns from Ilagan City to the Caraballo del Sur including Catalangan, Angadanan (now
Alicia), and Palanan, with Camarag (Echague) as its capital.
When the Philippine President Elpidion Quirino signed Executive Order No.268 on 28
September 1949, the Old Angadanan was renamed and created the municipality of Alicia in
honor of then Quirino’s wife, who was murdered by the Japanese during the Japanese
occupation.
REPUBLIC ACT NO.7160 LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
DEVOLVING CERTAIN FUNCTIONS TO LGUs, INCLUDING THE ENFORCEMENT
OF LAWS ON CLEANLINESS AND SANITATION, AND PREPARATION OF THEIR
RESPECTIVE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS.
The issuance of Executive Order 766 on January 7, 1982 effected the turn-over of
supervision of Real Property Tax Administration (RPTA) Program from the then, Ministry of
Local Government and Community Developmental (MLGCD) to the Ministry of
Finance(MOF) including the technical and administrative support of the project together with
the personnel, appreciations, equipment and records. The transfer of the administration of
RPTA Project was a result of evaluation of the project conducted and the consensus of the
agencies
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2. Political requirement

2.1 Mayor

• Citizen of the Philippines

• At least 23 years of age

• Registered voter in the city/municipality where the candidate intends to

be elected

• Resident of the city/municipality for at least 1 year immediately

preceding the election day

• Able to need and write Filipino or any other local language or dialect

2.2 Vice Mayor

• A citizen of the Philippines

• At least twenty-three (23) years of age on Election Day (for candidates in

highly-urbanized cities; or at least twenty-one (21) years of age on Election Day
(for candidates in independent component cities, competent cities and
municipalities).

• Able to read and write Filipino or any other local language or dialect.

• A registered voter in the city or municipality where he intends to be

elected.

• A resident in the city of municipality where he intends to be elected for

at least one (1) year before the Election Day.

2.3 Sangguniang Bayan

• At least eighteen (18) years old on Election Day.

• Able to write and read Filipino or any local language or dialect

• Registered voter in the constituency in the locality

• Resident thereof for a period of not less than 1 year immediately

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preceding the day of the election.

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3. Function of LGU as Municipal:

3.1 Executive

• To execute all laws and municipal ordinances;

• To supervise the administration of the town;

• To issue orders relative to the maintenance of peace and orders;

• To preside over the meetings of the municipal council;

• To recommend measures to the municipal council aimed at the

improvement of the social and economic conditions of the people.

3.2 Legislative

• Be the presiding officer of the Sangguniang Panglungsod and sign all

warrant drawn on the City treasury for all expenditures appropriated for the
operation of the Sangguniang Panglungsod;

• Exercise the powers and perform the duties and functions of the city
mayor in cases of temporary vacancy as provided under these rules;

3.3 Judiciary

• The Philippines is divided into thirteen judicial regions, for the purpose
of organizing the judiciary. The judicial regions still reflect the original regional
configuration introduce by President Ferdinand Marcos during his rule, except
for the transfer of Aurora to the third judicial region from the fourth. This
judicial regions are use for the appointment of judges of the different Regional
Trial Court
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4. LGU as Corporation

LGUGC is the first private corporation to go into the financial guarantee

business in the Philippines. It is the private sector link in public- private
partnerships for local development financing. Powered by the values of good
governance, LGUGC mobilizes the resources of private sector financial
institutions toward funding the local development projects.

LGUGC was incorporated in March 1998 with the primary mandate of

granting local government units (LGUs) access to private sources of capital by
providing credit enhancement to LGU debt. Its credit enhancement facilitates
the entry of LGUs with development projects in the capital market. LGUGC’s
stockholders are members of the Bankers Association of the Philippines and the
Development Bank of the Philippines.

Starting 2004, LGUGC gradually expanded its coverage and extended its
guarantee services to water districts, electric cooperatives, renewable energy
technology projects and medium and large enterprises that are into
infrastructure development projects.

With proven track record for almost two (2) decades, LGUGC is the name to
trust in the Philippines financial guarantee business.
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