Caraga State University

College of Agriculture and Agri- Industry

Ampayon, Butuan City

Option 5

Applied Field Crops

Name: Meca Y. Plaza Date Performed: September 3, 2019

Course & Year: BAT IV Date Submitted: September 6, 2019

INTRODUCTION

A cropping system refers to the type and sequence of crops grown and practices
used for growing them. It encompasses all cropping sequences practiced over space
and time based on the available technologies of crop production. Cropping systems
have been traditionally structured to maximize crop yields. Now there is a strong need
to design cropping systems which take into consideration the emerging social,
economic, and ecological or environmental concerns. Conserving soil and water and
maintaining long-term soil productivity depend largely on the management of cropping
systems, which influence the magnitude if soil erosion and soil organic matter dynamics.
Crop diversification is an important option in sustainable agricultural systems.

OBJECTIVES

1. To be able to familiarize the different system.

2. To evaluate and compare the different cropping system.
3. To be able to identify the different cropping system.
DIFFERENT CROPPIN SYSTEM

 Multiple cropping

In agriculture, multiple cropping is the practice of

growing two or more crops in the same piece of land
in same growing seasons instead of one crop. It is a
form of polyculture.

 Monoculture

Monoculture is the agricultural practice of

producing or growing a single crop, plant, or
livestock species, variety, or breed in a field or
farming system at a time.

 Slash and burn

farming is a form of shifting agriculture where the

natural vegetation is cut down and burned as a method
of clearing the land for cultivation, and then, when the
plot becomes infertile, the farmer moves to a new fresh
plat and does the same again.
TYPES OF MULTIPLE CROPPING

 Sequential cropping

refers to growing crops in sequence within

a crop year, one crop being sown after the
harvest of the other. When two or more
crops are grown in a year on the same
land.

 Double cropping

is a method many growers are turning to in an

effort to get the most out of their land. A form of
intensification, double cropping is defined as
planting two different crops in the same field
during a single year.

 Triple cropping

means planting and harvesting three crops in

one year off of the same field. There are two
main reasons why triple cropping is practiced.
The other is to maximize the amount of nitrogen
or other crop nutrient that can reasonably be
applied onto a piece of land.

 Ratooning
 is an ancient method of propagation in
sugarcane in which subterranean buds on the
stubble (the part of cane left underground after
harvesting) give rise to a new crop stand, which
is usually referred to as the 'ratoon' or the
'stubble crop' as opposed to 'plant crop', which
is raised from seeds or seedlings.

MAJOR INTERCROPPING SYSTEMS

 Parallel cropping

When two crops are grown in a same time in a

particular land as parallel to each other but
those crops have different growth habits, no
competition and they can express their full yield
potential, then it is called parallel cropping.

 Companion planting

in gardening and agriculture is the planting of

different crops in proximity for any of a number
of different reasons, including pest control,
pollination, providing habitat for beneficial
insects, maximizing use of space, and to
otherwise increase crop productivity.

 Multi-storey

agroforestry system is intended to make the

best use of resources (soil, moisture and
space) for increased farm income. It is also
very effective against soil erosion. Previously,
continuous monocropping of annual crops
resulted in erosion and serious soil fertility
decline.
  Synergetic cropping

The yields of both crops are higher than of their

pure crop on unit area basis e.g. Sugarcane +
Potato.

TYPES OF INTERCROPPING SYSTEMS

 Additive series intercropping

In such type of intercropping, one crop is

main /base crop and another crop is intercrop.
Intercrop is introduced into the base crop by
adjusting or changing crop geometry.

 Replacement series

Both the crops are component crops. Neither is

the base crop nor is the intercrop. It means the
plant population of both component crops is
less than their recommended population in pure
stand.

 Mixed intercropping
 Growing two or more crops simultaneously
without distinct row arrangement is also
referred to as mixed cropping.
 Row intercropping

Growing two or more crops simultaneously

where one crops are planted in rows is often
simply referred to as intercropping.

 Relay intercropping

Growing two or more crops simultaneously,

during the part of life cycle of each is called
relay intercropping.

 Strip intercropping

Growing two or more crops simultaneously in

strips wide enough to permit independent
cultivation bat narrow enough for the crops to
interact agronomically.
OTHER FARMING/ CROPPING SYSTEM

 SORJAN CULTIVATION

developed by Indonesian farmers, is a system

that constructs an alternate of deep sinks and
raised beds. Its features can adapt to both dry
and wet. seasons.

 ALLEY CROPPING

is the planting of trees or shrubs in two or more

sets of single or multiple rows with agronomic,
horticultural, or forage crops cultivated in
the alleys between the rows of woody plants.
REFERENCES

http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/sequential-cropping-pigeonpea
http://agamerica.com/farming-smart-double-cropping-ga-fl-sc-nc/
http://cestanislaus.ucanr.edu/newsletters/August_200438050.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratooning
http://agricultureandagricultureinformation.blogspot.com/2013/09/som
e-terminology-related-to-multiple.html#.XWobWTAzbIU
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companion_planting
http://bswm.da.gov.ph/philcat-slm/slm/getslmtech/9/multi-storey-
cropping
http://sites.google.com/site/completeagriculturejkyadav/agronomy/eco
-farming/explain-intercropping
https://sites.google.com/site/completeagriculturejkyadav/agronomy/ec
o-farming/explain intercropping
https://www.philrice.gov.ph/philrice-adopts-sorjan-cropping-system/
https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs144p2_0
13890.pdf