 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 J‫א‬‫א‬

١٥٣ 

  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
?   ‫א‬ ?  ?  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬       
  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬،
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W،‫א‬
K?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 J‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 W‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫אא‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 W J٢
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬(Ea)  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 Ea = k n φ W‫א‬
 K‫א‬WK‫א‬‫א‬Wn‫א‬‫א‬W φ ،
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢
‫א‬‫א‬(IL)‫א‬ (VL)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W،‫א‬
E‫א‬) VL = Ea – R aIL
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬:Ea،
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:Ra
 K(‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
‫א‬‫א‬ •  K •
K‫א‬ K •
K‫א‬ • K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
K • K •
K  • K •
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{١F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
+ Vdc -

K
V'dc
+ -
R fc
U RD A
L IL
If
E K1
U
R
A
A
A1 A1

RL
E2 ‫ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬E1 M ‫ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ G Ea V V
E1 E2

A2
A2
B2 B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1 B1

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١{١‫א‬
 
 K(K1‫)א‬W‫א‬‫א‬K٢{٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٢{٤
 ‫؟‬If‫א‬ φ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬EKKF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
DR‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬،K1‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬KR‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬120 ٪‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KRfc‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، n = …….. r.p.m W‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
1,2Ifn   0  If [A]‫א‬
      Ea[v]W
 K‫א‬KKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬،If‫א‬ (Ea)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
E a[v] n= rpm

0 If [A]
 
 K‫א‬KK٢{١ ‫א‬
-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬K
 ‫א‬ •
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KEar = …….V‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  •
‫؟‬‫א‬Ear.‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫؟‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
. Ea1=Kn1 φ N1‫א‬
 Kn2‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬)‫א‬
 . Ea2 = Kn2 φ ‫א‬
 E٢١F‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 Kn2 = …… r.p.mKIf‫א‬Ea‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢{٤
EKKF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(n)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠١F‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
(If = o,5 Ifn ) ‫א‬If‫א‬ K1‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  k‫א‬ •
DR
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،If = ….. AW‫א‬ •
 
       Ea[v]W  KK
nn   0 n[r.p.m]: ‫א‬‫א‬ 

-٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬ ،n‫א‬‫א‬Ea‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E a[v] Ifn = A

0 n [rpm]
 
 K‫א‬KKW٣٠١‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬K
‫؟‬‫אא‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 : n‫א‬KKIf1‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬Ea1 = K φ n

 Ea1= k' If1 n 
  Ea2 = K'If2nKKIf2‫א‬n ‫א‬
If2
 E2 = I f1
E1 WIf2‫א‬Ea2n

KIf2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣{١‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬ •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 KE K1 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬٢٠٤
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬If
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
 .IfnK‫א‬‫א‬ K1‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬DR‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬
 R‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، K1‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 Ifn = ….. AW‫א‬n = …… r.p.mW‫א‬
Ifn   0 I [A] ‫א‬
    U0 =…v U[v]‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬I(A)‫א‬U  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 

-٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

VL [v] n= rpm
Ifn = A

0 I L [A]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٤{١‫א‬
WK
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫אא‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
VL 0 − VL
K‫א‬ L ∆ V [%] = × 100 ‫א‬‫• א‬
VL 0
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VL0 = Ea0

DVL [%]

0
I L [A]
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬W٥{١‫א‬
 
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢
 
‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K •
K •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K •
 
 

-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٣
 KE٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
+ Vdc -

U RD A
L
K1
U
E
Rf
t IL A
A1 A1 U q
s
E2 E1 V V
M G
‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬

E2 ‫ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬E1 ‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬

A2
A2
B2 B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1 B1

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٢
 

-٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

KE١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK1‫א‬‫• א‬
KK‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬RD‫א‬،‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
KRf‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K[E1-E2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  o
 K[B2-A1]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ 
 
 KEF‫א‬ ،
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣١٣
 KK1‫א‬E١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KK1‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬Rf‫א‬‫• א‬
E٢١٣‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WE‫א‬F‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬،EF‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EF‫א‬ •
‫؟‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 W‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٣١٣
K‫א‬‫א‬
KK1‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬Rf‫א‬‫• א‬
E٢١٣‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KV = …v‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬Rf‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬FIf‫א‬ •
K
K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

KRf‫א‬‫• א‬
KV = …v‫א‬ •
‫؟‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ١١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫؟‬?‫א‬‫?א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣٣١٣
K‫א‬‫א‬
KK1‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬Rf‫א‬‫• א‬
  ‫א‬KK‫א‬ •
E٢١٣‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KV = …v‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬ Rf‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬K
K‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

‫؟‬?‫א‬‫?א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬Rf‫א‬‫א‬،K1‫א‬‫• א‬
  ‫א‬KK‫א‬ •
E٢١٣‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬(V)‫א‬(A) ‫א‬ •

- ١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

In=…              IL [A] :‫א‬

            V0=... V [v]W‫א‬
              W‫א‬
V0 − V
 ∆V L [%] = ×100
V0
 
 K‫א‬
 K(IL)‫א‬(∆VL)‫א‬E٢٢F‫א‬‫א‬

∆VL[%]

0
IL [ A ]
 
 K‫א‬W٢٢
V0 − Vn
K ε [%] = V0
× 100 ‫א‬‫• א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬(IL)‫א‬(V)‫א‬E٣٢F‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

V[ V ]

0 IL [ A ]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١ 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬٢ 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

K1

IL A

V V
t

‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
A1 U q
s
E2 E1 D2 D1
M G ‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺗﻮاﻟﻲ‬

A2

B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٣

KK1‫א‬‫• א‬
E٢١٣‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬Rf‫א‬‫• א‬
KV0 = …v‫א‬ •
In
K ‫א‬K1‫א‬ •
2
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o

- ١٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬(V)‫א‬(A) ‫א‬

In=…           0  IL [A] :‫א‬

            V0=... V [v]W‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٣
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬(IL)‫א‬(V)‫א‬E٥٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

V[ V ]

0 IL [ A ]

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٢

- ١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

K‫א‬‫א‬٤٢٣
E٥٢F‫א‬E٣٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣  
‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ٢
V − Ra I a
 W n = Kφ W‫א‬n [rpm]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬W φ • K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WV •
K : K • K‫א‬‫א‬WRa •
K‫א‬‫א‬WIa •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V
  n ≅ W‫א‬ V‫א‬RaIa‫א‬
Kφ

 ‫א‬E ‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ •  K٢ •
‫א‬ • K •
 •  •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K •
K‫א‬ •  •
K‫א‬ • K‫א‬‫א‬
 • K‫א‬ •

- ١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬K
 K(Magnetic-powder Brake)‫א‬
Udc -
+

U RD A
L
U
Rf E Ia
If

A1 A

A1

D2 D1
M
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
E2 E1
‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازي‬
A2

B2
cw
B1

 
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٣

- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،E١٣F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬D2‫א‬B2‫א‬
  ‫א‬،K‫א‬ •
RD‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KRf‫א‬n0 = ……….[rpm]‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

                Ia [A]‫א‬
                T [Nm]‫א‬
              n0=... n [rpm]‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬
B2  ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬،E١ ٣F
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬D1‫א‬
  ‫א‬،K‫א‬‫• א‬
RD‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KRf‫א‬n0 = ……….[rpm]‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
In
K I a ≅ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
3
 ‫א‬‫א‬K   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
                Ia [A]‫א‬
                T [Nm]‫א‬
              n0=... n [rpm]‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ia‫א‬‫א‬E٢٣F‫א‬‫א‬

T T
Nm Nm
‫ﻣﺤﺮك اﻟﺘﻮازي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺮك ﻣﺮآﺐ‬

0 Ia [ A ]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢٣
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٣F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

n n
rpm rpm
‫ﻣﺤﺮك اﻟﺘﻮازي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺮك ﻣﺮآﺐ‬

‫ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺪوران‬:٣‫ـ‬٣ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺗﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻀﻮ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬

0 Ia [ A ]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٣F‫א‬‫א‬
 

n n
rpm rpm
‫ﻣﺤﺮك اﻟﺘﻮازي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺮك ﻣﺮآﺐ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺪوران‬:٤‫ـ‬٣ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﺰم‬

0 T [ Nm ]
 
- ٢٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬١٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬F،E١٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ RD‫א‬،
K‫א‬
A1 ‫א‬،‫א‬Rf‫א‬  •
‫א‬
If0 =…..An0 = ………rpm
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Rf‫א‬‫א‬If‫א‬ •
 Knn‫א‬120%‫א‬‫א‬W
 
                If [A]‫א‬

- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

                n [rpm]‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥٣F‫א‬‫א‬ 
n
rpm

0 I f[ A ]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٣
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ KE٦ ٣F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 K
+
Vdc ‫ﻣﺼﺪر ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬
+ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
K1
K
If
Rf
A1

A1 V
V

E2 E1 M
‫ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺘﻮازي‬

A2

B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KE٦٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KRf‫א‬Ifn‫א‬ ‫א‬K1‫א‬ •
K‫אא‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،K ‫א‬‫• א‬

                V [v]‫א‬‫א‬
                n [rpm]‫א‬
 
- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧٣F‫א‬‫א‬ 
n
rpm

0 V[ v ]
 
  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧٣ 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
- ٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤
‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ٢
V − Ra I a
W n = Kφ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n [rpm]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬W φ • K‫א‬‫א‬WRa • ‫א‬‫א‬WV •
K : K • K‫א‬‫א‬WIa • K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
VL
  n ≅ W‫א‬ V‫א‬RaIa‫א‬
Kφ
 ، ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K(Ian) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K (Ia) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
V
‫א‬ ‫א‬KK n ≅ K ' I W
  ‫א‬
a

 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 •  KK٢ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 • ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ K •
K‫א‬ • K •

- ٢٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F‫א‬
 K(Magnetic-powder Brake)‫א‬
+ Vdc
K

V
U A
L V
RD
Ia A

A1

D2 D1
M
‫ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ‬

A2

B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
B1 ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٤
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
KE١٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬RD‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬120%‫א‬‫א‬W
 
               Ia [A]‫א‬
              n [rpm]‫א‬‫א‬
              T [Nm]‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣١٤
 
 K(Ia)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٤F‫א‬‫א‬
 

n T U= v
rpm Nm

0
  Ia [ A ]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢٤
 
 
 
- ٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٤F‫א‬‫א‬
 

n U= v
rpm

0
  T [ Nm]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣٤
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٣٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٤
RfE١٤F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Rf  ‫א‬KE٥٤‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
Rf

‫ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ‬

D2 D1
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٤
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤
K Rf‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KRf ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬K‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬Rf ‫א‬ •
K(120% nn) ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٣١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٤F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٣٤
KE٢١٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K(A1-A2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫• א‬
KE٢١٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K(D1-D2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫• א‬
KE٢١٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٣٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
   
- ٣٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 J‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
 K •
K٢ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K •
KOscilloscope‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K •

- ٣٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٥F‫א‬‫א‬
 
I10
W A
Pi
V1 V V V2

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢١٣
KE١٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

               I10 [A]‫א‬
              Pi [w]‫א‬
              V1 [v]‫א‬‫א‬
              V2 [v]‫א‬‫א‬
              V1
  ‫א‬
V2
 
 K‫א‬٣١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(I10)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٣٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

V1
V

0
  I10 [ A ]
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢٥ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٥F‫א‬‫א‬
Pi
[W]

0
  V 1[ V ]
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣٥

- ٣٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٤١٣
 K‫א‬
V1
‫؟‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
V2
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K
‫؟‬B = f(H) ‫א‬V1 = f(I10) ‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫אא‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
FV1=V1n‫א‬  ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKE‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٣٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬٢٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٣
(Oscilloscope)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٥F‫א‬‫א‬

‫راﺳﻢ ذﺑﺬﺑﺎت‬

‫ﺟﻬﺎز إﻟﺘﻘﺎط‬
‫ﻓﺎرق ﺟﻬﺪ ﻋﺎزل‬

1Ω
V V1

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٤٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ W
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٣
 
KE٤٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
V1n
K‫א‬‫א‬ V1 ≅ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
4
K‫א‬E٥٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ٣٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

: ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﻴّﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴّﺔ‬
........ / div

: ‫زﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ‬
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 
 
V1n
 ( V1 ≅ )‫א‬W٥٥
4
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬FK ‫א‬‫א‬V1=110%V1n‫א‬ ‫א‬  •
K‫א‬E٦٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EV1n

: ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﻴّﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴّﺔ‬
........ / div

: ‫زﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ‬
........ / div

 
 
- ٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 EV1=110%V1nF‫א‬W٦٥
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤٢٣
V1n
K V1 ≅ ‫א‬
4
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KEV1=110%V1nF‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٤٢٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬(B)‫א‬‫א‬ •
(H)‫א‬‫א‬(I10)‫א‬K ‫א‬ •
 B = f(I10)‫א‬‫א‬ B = f(H)‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،٣١‫א‬E٧٥F‫א‬

- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

B 3 B 3
2 4
4
2
5 5
1 1

6 2π 6 I 10
0
π ωt 0

7 11 7 11
8
8 10 10
9
9

I 10

0
1 2

3
2π π
ωt

 
  
 K‫א‬W٧٥ 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٤٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦
‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٦F‫א‬
I1 I'1 Rp Xp
I0
Ic Im
V' 2 Z'L
V1 Rc Xm

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٦
 
K‫א‬‫א‬WN2 •  W
N1 ‫א‬‫א‬WX1،r1 •
K‫א‬W a = N •
2 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬WZL • ‫א‬‫א‬WX2،r2 •
‫א‬‫א‬WRp = r1 + a2r2 • K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WRc •
2
‫א‬WXp = X1 + a X2 • K‫א‬W Xm •
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WIc •
2
‫א‬WZ'L = a ZL • K‫א‬ W Im •
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WN1 •
- ٤١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

  I2
 V ' 2 = aV2  I '1 = •
a
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٢
 WK‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٦F‫א‬
Rc r1 R p
‫א‬W R'c = 2 • R
‫א‬‫א‬W s 2 = r + 2
= 2 •
a a a
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
Xm X1 X p
‫א‬W m X ' = • = + = 2 •
a 2  W X X 2
a2
s
a
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

aI 1 aI'1= I 2 Rs Xs
aI0
aIc aIm
V1 V2 ZL
a R'c X'm

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢٦ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
K‫א‬ •  K •
K‫א‬‫א‬ • K٢ •
 • K‫א‬ •
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬١١٤

- ٤٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،(I2 = 0)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٦‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 EI2 = 0F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣٦
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٦F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
I10
W A
Pi
V1n V V V 20

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤٦

- ٤٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
V1n[v] V20[v] I10[A] Pi[w]
       
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬١
V1n
Zm =
I 10 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWZm‫א‬ •
P
cos ϕ 0 = i KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ϕ 0 = KKKKKKKKK 0 WU1n‫א‬I10‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
V1n I10
V12n
Rc = Pi KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWRc‫א‬ •

X m = Z m2 − Rc2 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWXm‫א‬ •
I c = I10 cos ϕ 0 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWIc‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

I m = I102 − I c2 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWIm‫א‬ •
 
 K‫א‬( U1n , I10 , Ic , Im )‫א‬‫א‬٢

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٥٦

- ٤٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
 K
‫א‬‫א‬،( I 10 ≅ 0 ) I1n  ‫א‬ I10  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٦‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦٦
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٧٦F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
I 1sc
I 2n
W A
Psc
V A
V1sc

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧٦

- ٤٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬
KV1n‫א‬‫א‬5%،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KI2n‫א‬‫א‬
 
V1sc[v] I2n[A] I1sc[A] P1sc[w]
       
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
P1sc
Rp = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWRp‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
I 12n
V1sc
Z 1sc = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW Z1sc‫א‬ •
I 1sc
WXp‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 Xp = z12sc − R p2 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٤
 KE١٤F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Rs =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK •
Xs = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK •
Zs =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK •
R'c=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK •
X'm = KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK •

- ٤٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٤٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧
K‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢
K‫א‬ • K٢ •
K‫א‬ • K٢ •
K‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
 
W‫א‬‫א‬٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F‫א‬
 V2n =KKKKKKKKKKvW‫א‬ S =KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKVA : ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫• א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK[I 2n]‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
I2
K
A

V V1n V V2 ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬

 
  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٧
-٥٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬١١٣
K‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬
KE١٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬V1n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 V20=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK v‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،K ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ∆VR = V20 – V2W‫א‬‫• א‬
 
I2n=…             I2 [A]
                  V2 [v]
                  ∆VR [v]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE١٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬V1n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫• א‬
 V20=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK v‫א‬ •
،E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬،K ‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
∆VL = V20 – V2W‫א‬‫• א‬
 
I2n=…             I2 [A]
                  V2 [v]
                  ∆VL [v]
-٥٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٣١٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬V1n‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫• א‬
 V20=KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK v‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،K ‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ∆VC = V20 – V2W‫א‬‫• א‬
I2n=…             I2 [A]
                  V2 [v]
                  ∆VC [v]
 K‫א‬٤١٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬I2 ‫א‬V2‫א‬،٢٧‫א‬
K‫א‬‫ • א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ • K‫א‬‫• א‬

V2 V2 V2
V V V
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺜﹼﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻷﻭﻤﻲ‬

0 I 2 (A)
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٧
-٥٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬٥١٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬I2 ‫א‬∆V‫א‬،٢٧‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬

-٥٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

∆V L ∆V L ∆V L
V V V
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺜﹼﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻷﻭﻤﻲ‬
0 0 0
I 2 (A)

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣٧
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK................................................KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫؟‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.......................................................KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٧F‫א‬
 
I1 I2

W A A
P1
V1n V V V2 R

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٤٧‫א‬
K[P2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K[P1]‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤

- ٥٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

KE٤٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬R ‫א‬ •
 
I2n= 0 I2 [A]
  V2 [v]
P2 = V2 I2 [w]
 P1 [w]
P2
 η [%] = ×100 W‫א‬
P1
 
K‫א‬٣٢٤
 KI2‫א‬ η ‫א‬E٥٧F‫א‬K

η[%]

0
  I2[ A ]
 K‫א‬W٥٧
‫؟‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.....................................................................................KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKK......................................................................................................................................................................
 W‫א‬‫א‬
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
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- ٥٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
 ..........................................................................................................................................................................

 

- ٥٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 J‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٨
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{٨F‫א‬

I1 I' R '2
2 R1 X1 X '2
s
I0

Iµ Im

V1 Rµ Xm

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١{٨‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬WX'2 , R'2 • K‫א‬WV1 •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WRµ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
K‫א‬WX m •
2 2
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞
  X ' 2 = X 2 ⎜⎜ N1 ⎟⎟  R' 2 = R2 ⎜⎜ N1 ⎟⎟ 
⎝ N2 ⎠ ⎝ N2 ⎠ ‫א‬‫א‬WX1, R1 •
 ‫א‬‫א‬WN1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : N2 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WX2 , R2 •
K‫א‬Ws •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٦٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WXp , Rp •
2
⎛N ⎞
 R p = R1 + R2 ⎜⎜ 1 ⎟⎟ •
⎝ N2 ⎠ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
2
⎛ N1 ⎞ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  X p = X 1 + X 2 ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 2⎠
N
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
KE
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K •
K •
K‫א‬٢ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬  •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •

- ٦١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٤
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢{٨F‫א‬
 
U10
I0 V
P1
A W1
‫ﻗﺪرة ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻷوﺟﻪ‬

M
‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬

3N
W2
P2
  K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٢{٨F‫א‬
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KE٢{٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
  .k‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 P2 =……..WP1=……..WU10 =………VI 0 = …..…A

- ٦٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 KK‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣{١{٣
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬(s)‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE١{٨F‫א‬،Es = 0F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣{٨‫א‬

 K ϕ 0 ‫א‬‫א‬ I0 , Ia , Im ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤{٨‫א‬

- ٦٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 EV1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫ ؟‬W2W1W‫א‬‫א‬P2 P1‫א‬‫א‬ Pi‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K( Pi )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
Pi
  cos ϕ 0 = 3U I WE cos ϕ 0F‫א‬‫א‬K
10 0
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 ‫ ؟‬ϕ 0 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 W ( R0 )W‫א‬‫א‬(R0)‫א‬‫א‬K

U 102
 KE‫א‬F??‫א‬ Rµ = P  •
i

3U102
 KEF??‫א‬ Rµ = P  •
i
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 Qi = Pi tg ϕ 0( Qi )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 W ،EXm)‫א‬‫א‬K
U 102
  KE‫א‬F????‫א‬ X m = Q  •
i

3U 102
 KEF????‫א‬ X m = Q  •
i
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 K‫א‬٢{٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٤
- ٦٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥{٨F‫א‬
 

I 1sc U 1sc
V
P1
A W1
‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻷوﺟﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴّﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪر ﻗﺪرة‬

M
3N
W2
P2
  K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٥{٨‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤
 KE٥{٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  I1sc = I1nW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬K
 W‫א‬
U1sc = …...V P1 = …….W P2 = ..….W I1sc = …….A
 KK‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٤
 K‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 . (V1=K φ mF φ m‫א‬‫א‬V1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،V1n V1sc‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٦٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦{٨‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 ‫؟‬W2 ,W1W‫א‬‫א‬P1,P2‫א‬‫א‬Pisc‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 W(Pisc)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
V1sc
 Z 1sc = I 1sc WE Z1scF‫א‬ •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
Pisc
Rp =  : ( Rp ) ‫א‬ •
3I 12sc
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

X p = Z 12sc − R p2 W( Xp )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٦٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 
 
 
 

- ٦٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٩
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢

K •
 K‫א‬٢ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K(Magnetic Powder Brake) •
K •

 ‫א‬‫א‬٢
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{٩F‫א‬
 K
 K(Magnetic Powder Brake)‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٦٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

L1 L2 L3

A
I1

W1 W2
Pi1 Pi2

cos ϕ

M
3N
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٩١
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢٣
 ‫؟‬‫א‬ •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KE١٩F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
Kk‫א‬ •
‫א‬K،I1n‫א‬Tn‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬
- ٦٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

              T [Nm]W‫א‬
               I1 [A]W‫א‬‫א‬
              W‫א‬‫א‬
  cos ϕ
              Pi1[w] WW1‫א‬‫א‬
              Pi2[w]WW2‫א‬‫א‬
              P1[w]ZPi1+Pi2 W‫א‬
              n [r.p.m]W‫א‬
              W‫א‬‫א‬
n −n
s[%] = 0 × 100
n0
              ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P2[w] =n.TL9,55W‫א‬
              W‫א‬‫א‬

 η [%] = P × 100
2P
1

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٣٣
 W‫א‬E٢٩F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬I1‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ cos ϕ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬s‫• א‬

 W‫א‬E٢٩F‫א‬‫א‬

- ٧٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬n‫• א‬
K‫א‬P2‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬η ‫א‬ •

 

- ٧١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٢٩
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٤٣
KI1= f(T)W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K cos ϕ = f(T) W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
s = f(T)W‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
n = f(T)W‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ٧٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
P2 = f(T) W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
η = f(T) W‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٧٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٠  
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬
 
 ٢
 F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬ K(∆/Y)L‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
    •
‫א‬
K
KL •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
K

- ٧٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٤
E ∆ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(∆/Y)L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤
 ‫א‬E3,7KwF‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E١١٠F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١٠
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
-٧٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

  I = …… A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K YF L‫א‬‫א‬٢{٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٢{٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E٢١٠F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KL،‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬EYF
 KE ∆ F‫א‬

-٧٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 K∆/Y)FL‫א‬‫א‬W٢١٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
KEYF‫א‬Q‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE ∆ F Q‫א‬ •

-٧٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
EK∆) K(Y)   ‫א‬
    I [A]  ‫א‬
    U[v]  ‫א‬
    n[r.p.m]  ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬٣٢٤
 K‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫∆(؟‬/Y)L‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫∆(؟‬/Y)L‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 

-٧٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬٣٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣٤
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KU2‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬E٣١٠F‫א‬
 
L1 L2 L3

K1

K2

M
3N
 
 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬W٣١٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢٣٤
KK1‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK2‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 

-٧٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 K2 K1 K2K1
    I [A]  ‫א‬
    U[v]  ‫א‬
    n[r.p.m] ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬٣٣٤
 K‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 
 
 
 
 

-٧٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬٤٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬E٤١٠F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
L1 L2 L3

M
3N
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٤١٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢{٤{٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 
-٧٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

EF ‫א‬ EF‫א‬
    I [A]  ‫א‬
    U[v]  ‫א‬
    n[r.p.m]  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬٣٤٤
 K‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 

-٨٠-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١  
 ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 K٢
 

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٠‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣

K • K‫א‬ •
 Magnetic Powder Brake K‫א‬ •
  •
‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  •
K‫א‬
K
K •
‫א‬  •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١١F‫א‬
 
L1 L 2 L 3

M
3

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١١
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
KE١١١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
K[3,2 ][1,3 ][1,2 ]W‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫• א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٨٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬٣١٤
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬١٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢١١F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 E
 ٢١١F‫א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ،[4, 0]‫א‬‫א‬WRd4
 ‫א‬‫א‬
1 2 L3  K[3, 0]‫א‬‫א‬WRd3
K[2, 0]‫א‬‫א‬WRd2
K
 K[1, 0]‫א‬‫א‬WRd1
 
K L M

M
3 3 2 1
4 0

0 4
K L M 1 3
2 2
3 1
4 0

 
   
 EF
EF

 K‫א‬‫א‬W٢١١
 
- ٨٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬Rd1 , Rd2, Rd3, Rd4‫א‬ •
 Rd4=….ΩRd3=….ΩRd2= ….ΩRd1=….Ω
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KERd = Rd4 ‫א‬F
KE٢١١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K??‫א‬‫א‬ •
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬(n)‫א‬ •
K(Rd = Rd3)3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬(n)‫א‬
( Rd = Rd1) ( Rd = Rd2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( Rd = 0)

Rd = 0 Rd = Rd1 Rd = Rd2 Rd = Rd3 Rd = Rd4  

          ‫א‬
Rd[Ω]
          n [rpm]W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣١١F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٨٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

n
[rpm]

0
  Rd [ Ω ]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣١١
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٢١١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
Kns = …………. [rpm]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
K4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KERd = Rd4 ‫א‬F
KK‫א‬‫• א‬
K 2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KERd = Rd2 ‫א‬F
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،(T)‫א‬(n)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ •
 KERd = 0 ‫א‬F 0 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٨٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

               n [rpm]W‫א‬‫א‬
              ns − n
 s [% ] = × 100 ‫א‬
ns
              Rd = Rd2 = ….. Ω
T[Nm]W‫א‬
               Rd = 0 Ω
 T[Nm]W‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤١١F‫א‬‫א‬
 Rd = 0 Ω •  Rd = Rd2 = ….. Ω •
 

T T
Rd = 0 Ω Rd = Ω
Nm Nm
Ω
Rd = 0 Ω

Rd = Rd2 =

0
  s [%]
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤١١
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Rd‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٨٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤
‫ﺿﺎﺑﻂ ﺟﻬﺪ‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻻوﺟﻪ‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣٤
K  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥١١F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
M
3  K
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٥١١  
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢٣٤
KE٥١١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،K ‫א‬‫• א‬
K V1 = V1n W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،(T)‫א‬(n)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬V1 = 85%V1n‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬V1 = 70%V1n‫א‬ •

             n [rpm]W‫א‬‫א‬
            ns − n
  s[%] = × 100 ‫א‬
ns
            V1 = V1nT[Nm]W‫א‬
            V1 = 85%V1nT[Nm]W‫א‬
            V1 = 70%V1nT[Nm]W‫א‬

- ٨٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬٣٣٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦١١F‫א‬‫א‬
V1 = V1n •
V1 = 85%V1n •
V1= 70%V1n •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

T T T
Nm Nm Nm
V1 = 70%V1n

V1 = 85%V1n

V1 = V1n

0
  s [%]
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦١١
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٤٣٤
K‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
K‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

- ٨٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 J‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   J‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٢
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
٢
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{١٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W E •  K‫א‬‫א‬WR •
K(I)‫א‬‫א‬WV •  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WXS •
 
Xs I
R

E V

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١{١٢
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
K‫א‬‫א‬ •  K٢ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ • K •
‫א‬‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ K‫א‬ •
 • K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •
- ٩٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W١{٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١٤

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E٢{١٢F‫א‬
 KRfK‫א‬K(Y)
Udc
+ -

K1
V

U
RD A
L
U
E
R

A1

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬

E2 M GS
E1

A2
B2 If
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ A
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1
Rf

K2
Vdc
  + -
 K‫א‬W٢١٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬٢١٤
 KE٢١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
- ٩١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

  K1 ‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬  RD‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
 K(R)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK2‫א‬
.(Ifn) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬(If) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Ifn=…              0 If [A]‫א‬
                V(v)‫א‬
                V
 E = ‫א‬
3
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬٣{١{٤
 n = …… r.p.m‫א‬‫א‬E = f(If)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
I SC E
n= r.p.m
A V

0 If [A]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣١٢
- ٩٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬W٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬E٤١٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
Udc
+ -

K1

U
RD A A
L
U
E
R

A1

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬
E2
M GS
E1

A2
B2 If
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬
A
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1
Rf

K2
Vdc
  + -
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٤١٢

- ٩٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬٢٢٤
 KE٤١٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬Rf‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( In‫א‬‫א‬ FK‫א‬‫א‬
              If [A]‫א‬
 In….             Isc[A]‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٣٢٤
 n =….r.p.m‫א‬Isc=f(If) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣١٢F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬٣٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٥١٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
+ Vdc=10V-

I A

V
v

GS

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥١٢
- ٩٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬٢٣٤
3I n I n
‫א‬‫א‬
 K I n  
4 ، 2 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬      
R' ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
R =
2 R1 + R 2 + R3 V[v] I [A]
R' =
3
      In
  R1 = .....Ω  = ... A
  2
R =…. Ω R'= ….. Ω   3I n
  R 2 = .....Ω  = ... A
4
  R3 = .....Ω  I n = ... A

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٤٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬(Zs)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

I sc E B
A V

C
A
0 I fn If [ A ]
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦١٢
 
- ٩٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Zs)
 KE٦١٢F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
E AB
  Zs = R + X s = =
2 2

I sc AC
WIfn‫א‬‫א‬
W(Zs)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
W(Xs)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 

- ٩٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٣

 
‫א‬‫א‬K١
 W‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
K •  K٢ •
‫א‬ • K •
K‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ K‫א‬ •
‫א‬ • K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 • K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬١{٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{١٣F‫א‬
 K(Y) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
- ٩٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

Udc
+ -

K1 ‫اﻟـــــــــــﺤﻤـﻞ‬

RD A A
U
L
U
E
R K3 V
V
A1 N
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺎدل‬

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬
M GS
E2 E1

A2 Rf If
B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ A
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1
K2

  + Vdc -
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١٣‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K K1 ‫א‬١K
 ‫א‬‫א‬RD‫א‬‫א‬٢K
 K‫א‬
.R‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .Rf‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ If‫א‬KK2‫א‬٤K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٩٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 .(K3‫א‬F‫א‬ V0 =…….. v ‫א‬٥K

‫א‬(V)‫א‬(I)  ‫א‬،‫א‬،K3‫א‬٦K
 W‫א‬
 If =…… A W‫א‬ n =KKK.....KKKKr.p.mW‫א‬
  
In=.. 0 I[A] ‫א‬
  V [ v]‫א‬
‫א‬
∆V R = V0 − V ‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١{١٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥K١KF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥K١KW
‫א‬‫א‬(V)‫א‬(I) ‫א‬‫א‬, K3‫א‬٦K
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 If =…… A W‫א‬ n =KKK...KKKKr.p.mW‫א‬
 
In=.. 0 I[A] ‫א‬
  V[ v]‫א‬
‫א‬
∆VL = V0 − V ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١{١٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٠٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥K١KF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥K١KW
 W‫א‬‫א‬(V)‫א‬(I) ‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬٦K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 jf =…… A W‫א‬ n =KKK...KKKKr.p.mW‫א‬
 
In=.. 0 I[A] ‫א‬
  V[ v]‫א‬
‫א‬
∆VC = V0 − V ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬V = f(I)‫א‬E٢١٣F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬ K‫א‬‫• א‬  K‫א‬‫• א‬
 

V V V
V V V
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺜﹼﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻷﻭﻤﻲ‬

0 I[A]
 
 
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢{١٣‫א‬
- ١٠١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 K‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∆V = f (I ) ‫א‬E٣١٣F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬

- ١٠٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

∆VC ∆V L ∆VR
V V V
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻷﻭﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻭﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺜﹼﻲ‬

0 0 0
I[A]

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣{١٣‫א‬
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK....................................................................................................................................
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK..............................................................................................................
 

- ١٠٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٤
 
‫א‬‫א‬١
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
٢
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣
 K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •

- ١٠٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{٤F‫א‬
  (Y)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
Udc
+ -

K1

U
RD A
V
L
K
U
E
R

A1

‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﺗﻮازي‬
E2 M GS
E1

A2
Rf If
B2
‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ A
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
B1
K2

  + Vdc -
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١٤

- ١٠٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K K1 ‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬RD‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
 .R‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬Vdc‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬Rf ‫א‬If‫א‬K2‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬١
 F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬٢
 KR‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ،E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬٣
 KRf‫א‬‫א‬If‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٠٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 
  

- ١٠٧ -
   ١٥٣ J‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
١ ..................................................................... K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١
٨ ................................................................. K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢
١٨ .....................................................K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣
٢٧ .............................................................. K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤
٣٣ ................................................................... K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥
٤١ ...................................................... K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦
٥٣ ...................................................................... K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧
٦٠ .......................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٨
٦٨ ............................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٩
٧٤ ............................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٠
٨١ ............................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١
٩٠ ........................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٢
٩٨ ......................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٣
١٠٤ .................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٤
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS