SCADA

Chapter I
Truong Dinh Chau
Email: chau.truong@hcmut.edu.vn
Hand phone: +84 (0)91. 543-74-40
 Lecturer

Truong Dinh Chau

Dept. of Control & Automation
Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
Email: chau.truong@hcmut.edu.vn
chau.truong@me.com
Hand phone: +84 (0)91. 543-74-40

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Aims
• For engineers in the area of control engineering,
automation and electrical engineering
• Conceptions of Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition (SCADA) system
• Structures, components of HMI/SCADA systems,
• SCADA overview
• Popular SCADA packages

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Chapter Outline
• Conceptions

• Components of SCADA systems

• Functions of SCADA

• SCADA vs. DCS

• Popular SCADA packages

• Citect

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Conceptions

Truong
Truong
Dinh
Dinh
Chau,
ChauHo Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
 Conceptions • Automatic control is applied in local
control loops
Supervisory Control Conception
• Loop: acquire data from
Supervisory Control vs. Automation Control
process/objects via sensors to PLC
CPU. PLC realizes defined control
algorithm and output the control
signals to process/objects via
Actuator
actuators

Process Local control loop

Sensor

PLC

Control

Converter Motor

Speed

PLC

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Conceptions
Supervisory Control Conception
Supervisory Control vs. Automation Control
Without Supervisory Control
• SETSPEED is fixed (e.g. 1500 RPM)
• START/STOP the MOTOR locally

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Conceptions
Supervisory Control Conception
Supervisory Control uses HMI
With Supervisory Control
• SETSPEED is flexible changed
• The MOTOR can be start/stop from PC

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Conception
SCADA

SCADA -  Real-time DAQ

 Processing
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
 Archives
Supervision, Control And Data Acquisition
 Monitoring
 Control

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Components

Truong
Truong
Dinh
Dinh
Chau,
ChauHo Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
 Components of SCADA systems
Traditional SCADA
Traditional components:
• RTU
Master Remote • MTU
Terminal Communication Terminal • CS
Operator Process
Unit System (CS) Unit
(MTU) (RTU)

process

Internet
Internet sensor
process

PLC
Router Router

sensor

operator

sensor

CS RTU
MTU
process

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Components of SCADA systems
Modern SCADA
SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

HMI
Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

Components:
• Field devices
• Remote I/Os
• PACs, PLCs
• Communication systems
• HMIs
• SCADA primary, SCADA standby
• SCADA clients

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Example of SCADA systems
Simple SCADA system

SCADA software

PLC

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Example of SCADA systems
Complex SCADA system

Enterprise ERP System

Plant Historian Manufacturing Batch System

Execution
System

ProcessRedundant
System
Engineering
Station
Servers

Operator Clients

Hot-Standby Safety
PAC Controller PAC Controller
Plant Floor HMI

Field Remote IO

Distributed IO
Remote IO

Drive Motor
Protection
Motor
Starter Energy Remote Site
Smart Instrumentation Monitoring iPMCC

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Design principle of SCADA software

2 part of SCADA software

• PLC independent part
• Connecting with PLC part

2 components of SCADA software

• Design tool creates SCADA applications
• Runtime engine runs the SCADA applicatios

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Functions

Truong
Truong
Dinh
Dinh
Chau,
ChauHo Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
 Functions of SCADA systems
• Information data acquisition from controllers located in the
low level
• Saving the obtained data in storages
• Processing of obtained information
• Graphical interpretation
• Receiving command from operator and transfer them to
controllers
• Event registration regarding to control process and personal
actions
• Prevention or notification about events and alarms
• Reporting
• Data exchange with enterprise automated control systems
• Direct automatic control of control processes

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Technical keywords of SCADA
• Graphics displays
• Tag
• Alarms, Events
• Trends: Real-time, historical
• Report
• I/O driver
• I/O server
• Real-time
• Multitasking
• Openness
• Scalability
• Data access
• Database
• Networking
• Fault tolerance and redundancy
• Client/server distributed processing
Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
 Typical tasks in SCADA systems
• Input/output task
This program is the interface between the control and
monitoring system and the plant floor.
• Alarm task
This manages all alarms by detecting digital alarm points and
comparing the values of analog alarm points to alarm
thresholds.
• Trends task
The trends task collects data to be monitored over time.
• Reports task
Reports are produced from plant data. These reports can be
periodic, event triggered or activated by the operator.
• Display task
This manages all data to be monitored by the operator and all
control actions requested by the operator.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Distributed architecture of SCADA systems
Logical architecture

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Distributed architecture of SCADA systems
Physical architecture

Individual tasks may be enabled on a single server

Report Server
or distributed using a Client/Server architecture
Client

Alarm Server
Trend Server
I/O Server

Report Server Alarm Server Trend Server I/O Server Client

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 SCADA vs. DCS

Truong
Truong
Dinh
Dinh
Chau,
ChauHo Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
 SCADA vs. DCS
1. DCS is process oriented, while SCADA is data acquisition
oriented.

2. DCS is process state driven, while SCADA is event driven.

3. DCS is commonly used to handle operations on a single

locale, while SCADA is preferred for applications that are
spread over a wide geographic location.

4. DCS operator stations are always connected to its I/O, while

SCADA is expected to operate despite failure of field
communications.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Engineering a Process System in SCADA
The Mapping

SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

• Engineer plans for mapping between the SCADA

Systems and Controllers.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Engineering a Process System in SCADA
The Controllers

SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

• Engineer programs the controllers.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Engineering a Process System in SCADA
The Remote Input Outputs

SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

• Engineer configures and programs

Remote Input Outputs.
Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Engineering a Process System in SCADA
The Instruments

SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

• Engineer configures all the instruments.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Engineering a Process System in SCADA
The SCADA Systems

SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

• Engineer programs the SCADA systems.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Engineering a Process System in SCADA
The Communication and Mapping Validation

SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

• Engineer validates the mapping

between SCADA to Controllers and
down to instruments.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 The DCS Method
Engineering with DCS

Server
SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers
Workstation

Switch
Remote IOs Instruments

• For a DCS implementation, a

DCS Server and some
workstations are attached to
the network.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 The DCS Method
Engineering with DCS

DCS Server SCADA Primary SCADA Standby

Switch

Hot Standby
Process Application Controllers

Engineering Clients Switch

Remote IOs Instruments

• Once the project is done, we

Deploy the configurations
down to the elements of the
entire system.

Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.

 Popular SCADA

Truong
Truong
Dinh
Dinh
Chau,
ChauHo Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.
 Popular SCADA packages
SCADA packages Company

WinCC Professional Siemens

WinCC OA Siemens

Citect Schneider Electric

Wonderware System Platform Invensys

ClearSCADA Control Microsystems

FTV Rockwell Automation

iFIX Intellution
Truong Dinh Chau, Ho Chi Minh City Univ. of Tech.