 Personal Defenses- hindi tumatalab sa HIDC

 Complete but undelivered

 Delivered but incomplete
 Incomplete and undelivered
o Pag HIDC- pwedeng i-enforce yung instrument, he can collect kahit na may personal defense
 What is foreign bill?
ANS: Inland and foreign bills of exchange. - An inland bill of exchange is a bill which is, or on its face
purports to be, both drawn and payable within the Philippines. Any other bill is a foreign bill.
Unless the contrary appears on the face of the bill, the holder may treat it as an inland bill.

Where a foreign bill appearing on its face to be such is dishonored by nonacceptance, it must be
duly protested for nonacceptance, by nonacceptance is dishonored and where such a bill which has
not previously been dishonored by nonpayment, it must be duly protested for nonpayment. If it is
not so protested, the drawer and indorsers are discharged. Where a bill does not appear on its face
to be a foreign bill, protest thereof in case of dishonor is unnecessary.
 What do you call the separate paper where indorsement was done?
ANS: Allonge
 Effect of undated instrument: NOT VOID. It is considered dated on the date of issue.
 Instrument without due date: NOT VOID. It is payable on demand, at sight, or upon presentment
 Causes for the discharge of the instrument
ANS: (a) By payment in due course by or on behalf of the principal debtor;
(b) By payment in due course by the party accommodated, where the instrument is made
or accepted for his accommodation;
(c) By the intentional cancellation thereof by the holder;
(d) By any other act which will discharge a simple contract for the payment of money;
(e) When the principal debtor becomes the holder of the instrument at or after maturity in
his own right.
 Violations in Bouncing Check Law
 Notice of dishonor should be personally received by the drawer