6 Basic Properties of Circles (I) NON-FOUNDATION

Name :
6A
Date :
Mark :
6.2 Chords of a Circle
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Key Concepts and Formulae

1. If ON ⊥ AB, then AN = BN.
[Abbreviation: line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord]
O

A B
N

2. If AN = BN, then ON ⊥ AB.

[Abbreviation: line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord
O
⊥ chord]

A B
N

3. If OM ⊥ AB, ON ⊥ CD and AB = CD, then B

M
OM = ON.
A
[Abbreviation: equal chords, equidistant from centre] O

C D
N

4. If OM ⊥ AB, ON ⊥ CD and OM = ON, then B

M
AB = CD.
A
[Abbreviation: chords equidistant from centre are O
equal]
C D
N

1
 Measures, Shape and Space

In this exercise, unless otherwise specified, O is the centre of a circle.

1. In the figure, N is the mid-point of the chord AB and ∠NOB = 55° .
Find ∠OAN.
O 55o
Solution
B
ON ⊥ ( AB ) (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord) N
A
OA = ( OB ) (radius)

∠OAN = ∠( OBN ) (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )

But ∠OBN = 180° − ( 90° ) − ( 55° ) (∠ sum of ¡ )

= ( 35° )

∴ ∠OAN = ( 35° )

2. In the figure, OC = 5 cm, ON = 3 cm and ON ⊥ CD. Find CD.

Solution
O
5 cm
CN = ND (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord) 3 cm
C D
By Pythagoras’ theorem, N

CN = 52 − 32 cm
= 4 cm
∴ ND = 4 cm
∴ CD = 8 cm

2
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

3. In the figure, AB = 8 cm, OM = ON = 2 cm. Find C

A
(a) the chord CD,
2 cm
(b) OD. 2 cm N
O
M
(Give your answers in surd form if necessary.) 8 cm

Solution B
D

(a) CD = AB (chords equidistant from centre are equal)

∴ CD = 8 cm

(b) DN = NC (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord)

8
∴ DN = cm
2
= 4 cm
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

OD = ON 2 + ND 2

= 22 + 4 2 cm
= 20 cm
= 2 5 cm

4. In the figure, OM = ON, OM ⊥ AB, ON ⊥ CD, ∠MBO = 30° 30o B

and OB = 5 cm. Find M D
m
5c

(a) OM, A
O
(b) CD. N

Solution
C
(a) OM = 5 sin 30° cm
= 2.5 cm

3
 Measures, Shape and Space

(b) MB = 5 cos 30° cm

5 3
= cm
2
AM = MB (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord)
 5 3
∴ AB =  2 ×  cm
 2 

= 5 3 cm
CD = AB (chords equidistant from centre are equal)

∴ CD = 5 3 cm

5. In the figure, AB = 24 cm, ON = 5 cm and ON ⊥ AB. Find the

radius of the circle. N
A B
5 cm
Solution
O
AN = NB (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord)
AB
=
2
= 12 cm
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

OB = ON 2 + NB 2

= 52 + 122 cm
= 13 cm
∴ The radius of the circle is 13 cm.

4
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

6. In the figure, OB = 4 cm, OM = 2 cm and OM ⊥ AB. Find the B

length of AB. M

A 2 cm 4 cm
Solution
O
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

MB = OB 2 − MO 2

= 42 − 22 cm
= 2 3 cm
AM = MB (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord)

∴ AB = (2 × 2 3 ) cm
= 4 3 cm

7. In the figure, OM = ON, AM = MC, BN = NC and ∠ACB = 60°. A

Find ∠MON. M

Solution O 60o C
OM ⊥ AC (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord)
N
∴ ∠OMC = 90°
B
ON ⊥ BC (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord)
∴ ∠ONC = 90°
∠MON = 360° − 90° − 90° − 60°
= 120°

5
 Measures, Shape and Space

8. In the figure, BN = NC and ∠BAN = 30°. Find ∠OCN. A

30o
Solution
AN ⊥ BC (line joining mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord) O
∴ ∠ANB = 90°
∠ABN = 360° − 30° − 90° (∠ sum of ¡ ) B N C

= 60°
OA = OB (radius)
∠OBA = 30° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
OB = OC (radius)
∠OBN = ∠OCN (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
Q ∠OBN = ∠ABN − ∠OBA
= 60° − 30°
= 30°
∠OCN = 30°

9. In the figure, CD is the common chord of two identical C

circles of centres A and B. M is the mid-point of CD. If

AM = (x + 1) cm and MB = (4x + 4) cm, find the
2
M
value of x. A B

Solution D

AM ⊥ CD (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord)

BM ⊥ CD (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord)
AM = MB (equal chord, equidistant from centre)
(x + 1)2 = 4x + 4
x 2 + 2x + 1 = 4x + 4
x 2 − 2x − 3 = 0
(x − 3)(x + 1) = 0
x = 3 or x = −1 (rejected)

6
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

10. In the figure, AB = 48 cm, BC = 56 cm and OC = 82 cm.

Find
(a) OM, O
82 cm
(b) the area of ¡ OAC.
M
A C
Solution B
48 cm 56 cm
(a) AM = MB (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord)
48
∴ MB = cm
2
= 24 cm
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

OM = OC 2 − MC 2

= 822 − (24 + 56)2 cm

= 324 cm
= 18 cm

(b) The area of ¡ OAC

1
= (AC )(OM )
2
1
= (48 + 56)(18) cm2
2
= 936 cm2

7
 Measures, Shape and Space

11. In the figure, the radius of the circle is 13 cm. AB and CD are perpendicular C

chords intersecting at P. If AB = CD = 24 cm, find the length of BC.

Solution N O

Let M and N be the mid-points of AB and CD respectively.

P
A
OM ⊥ AB (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord ⊥ chord) M B
D
24
∴ MB = cm
2
= 12 cm
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

OM = OB 2 − MB 2

= 132 − 122 cm
= 5 cm
ON = OM (equal chords, equidistant from centre)
∴ ON = 5 cm
∴ PB = PC
= (12 + 5) cm
= 17 cm

BC = PB 2 + PC 2
= 17 2 cm

8
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

12. In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle with vertices lying on a circle of

radius 15 cm. D P C

(a) Prove that AOC is a straight line. Q O N

(b) If AB = 24 cm , find the area of ABCD.
A M B
Solution

(a) Join QN and PM as shown in the figure.

DA = CB property of rectangle
OQ = ON equal chords, equidistant from centre
DC = AB property of rectangle
OP = OM equal chords, equidistant from centre
Let OQ = ON = a and OP = OM = b.

OC = a +b
2 2
and OA = a2 + b2
Q ON = PC and
PC = PD (line from centre ⊥ chord bisects chord)
∴ DC = 2a
Similarly, AD = 2b
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

AC = (2b)2 + (2a)2

= 2 a2 + b 2 cm
= AO + OC
∴ AOC is a straight line.

(b) Consider ¡ AMO

AB
AM =
2
= 12 cm
By Pythagoras’ theorem,

OM = OA 2 − AM 2

= 132 − 122 cm
= 5 cm
∴ CB = 10 cm
∴ The area of ABCD = (10 × 24) cm2 = 240 cm
2

9
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I) NON-FOUNDATION

Name :
6B
Date :
Mark :
6.3 Angles in a Circle
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Key Concepts and Formulae

1. ∠ AOB = 2 ∠ APB P

[Abbreviation: ∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ]

ce

B
A
Q

2. ∠ APB = 90° P

[Abbreviation: ∠ in semi-circle]
A B
O

3. x = y P

x
[Abbreviation: ∠s in the same segment]
Q
y

A B

10
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

In this exercise, unless otherwise specified, 3. C

O is the centre of a circle. Find the unknowns

in the following figures. (1 – 12)
O 120o
1. B
x
B
x
A
O

70o Solution
C reflex ∠AOC = 360° − 120° (∠s at a pt.)
A
= 240°

Solution reflex ∠AOC = 2∠ABC

(∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce
)
1
∠ABC = ∠( AOC ) = 240°
2
240° = 2x
x = ( 35° )
x = 120°

2. B

A 100o

O 4. B
x C

x 30o
A C
O
Solution
reflex ∠AOC = 2∠ABC
(∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce
)
x = 2 × 100° Solution
x = 200° ∠ABC = 90° (∠ in the semi-circle)
x + 90° + 30° = 180° (∠ sum of ¡ )
x = 60°

11
 Measures, Shape and Space

5. A D 7. C

60o x

C x
A B
O

Solution Solution
x = 60° (∠s in the same segment)
∠CAB = x (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
∠ACB = 90° (∠ in the semi-circle)
x + 90° + x = 180° (∠ sum of ¡ )
x = 45°

6. D 8. E 30o
A x
70o D
x
C

A C
B B

Solution Solution
∠ABC = 70° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ ) ∠EBA = x (∠s in the same segment)
∠ACB = 180° − 70° − 70° (∠ sum of ¡ ) ∠BEC + ∠ECB = ∠EBA (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
= 40° ∴ 30° + 25° = x
x = 40° (∠s in the same segment ) ∴ x = 55°

12
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

9. D 11. C

x
x 35o
C A B
O O D

B
135o
A
Solution
Solution ∠ACB = 90° (∠ in the semi-circle)
∠CBD = 180° − 135° (adj. ∠s on st. line) ∠CBA = 180° − 90° − 35° (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 45° = 55°
∠COD = 2∠CBD Consider ¡ BCD
(∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce
)
x + 90° + 55° = 180° (∠ sum of ¡ )
x = 2 × 45°
x = 35°
= 90°

10. C 12. C

x 60o

110o O
D B
E x B
50o
A
A

Solution Solution
∠EDC = ∠BAE ∠OAB = x (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
(∠s in the same segment) ∠AOB = 180° − x − x (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 50°
= 180° − 2x
∠CDE + ∠DCE = ∠CEB (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
∠AOB = 2∠ACB
50° + x = 110°
180° − 2x = 2 × 60°
x = 60° x = 30°

13
 Measures, Shape and Space

13. In the figure, AB is a diameter of the circle. If AB is produced D

to C such that DA = DC and ∠ABD = 60°, find ∠ADC.

Solution 60o
A C
B
∠ADB = 90° (∠ in the semi-circle)
∠DAB = 180° − 60° − 90° (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 30°
∠DCA = 30° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
∠BDC = 60° − 30° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
= 30°
∴ ∠ADC = ∠ADB + ∠BDC
= 90° + 30°
= 120°

14. In the figure, AB intersects OC at K. If ∠ACK = 70° and B

∠BOC = 110°, find ∠KBO. C
K
70o
Solution O 110
o

A
1
∠CAB = × 110° (∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce
)
2
= 55°
∠CKB = 70° + 55° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
= 125°
∠KBO + ∠BOK = ∠CKB (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
∠KBO = 125° − 110°
= 15°

14
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

15. In the figure, diameter AB is produced to C. If BC = BD and D

∠BCD = 30°, find ∠DAB.

Solution A 30o
C
B
∠BDC = 30° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
∠DBA = 30° + 30° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
= 60°
∠ADB = 90° (∠ in the semi-circle)
∠DAB = 180° − ∠ADB − ∠DBA (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 180° − 90° − 60°
= 30°

15
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I) NON-FOUNDATION

Name :
6C
Date :
Mark :
6.4 Relationships among Arcs, Chords and Angles
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Key Concepts and Formulae

1. If ∠AOB = ∠COD, then
¡_ ¡_
(a) AB = CD
A D
[Abbreviation: equal ∠s, equal arcs]
O

B C

(b) AB = CD
A D
[Abbreviation: equal ∠s, equal chords] O

B C

¡_ ¡_
2. If AB = CD, then ∠AOB = ∠COD.
A D
[Abbreviation: equal arcs, equal ∠s]
O

B C

3. If AB = CD, then ∠AOB = ∠COD.

A D
[Abbreviation: equal chords, equal ∠s]
O

B C

16
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

Key Concepts and Formulae

¡_ ¡_
4. If AB = CD then AB = CD. A
D

[Abbreviation: equal chords, equal arcs]

C
B

¡_ ¡_ D
5. If AB = CD, then AB = CD. A

[Abbreviation: equal arcs, equal chords]

C
B
¡_ ¡_
6. AB : CD = x : y
D
[Abbreviation: arcs prop. to ∠s at centre] y C

O
x

A
B

¡_ ¡_ Q
7. AB : CD = m : n P
n
[Abbreviation: arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ]
ce
m
D

B C

17
 Measures, Shape and Space

In this exercise, unless otherwise specified, O 3. C

is the centre of a circle. Find the unknowns in

12 cm
the following figures (1 – 4)
1.
30o x
60o 70o
B
A
x cm

4 cm Solution
6 cm
∠ACB = 180° − 60° − 70° (∠ sum of ¡ )
Solution = 50°

4 x 50°
=
x
=
( )
(arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ )
ce = (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
30° ( 6 ) 12 60°
x = 10
4
x = × 30°
6
= 20°

2. E 3 cm 4. C
D
12 cm 6 cm
y
B
A O x
25o O
x cm 125o A
B C

7.5 cm

Solution Solution
∠ACB = 90° (∠ in the semi-circle)
x 25
= (arcs prop. to ∠s at centre)
7.5 125 ∠CBA = 180° − 90° − x (∠ sum of ¡ )
x = 1.5 = 90° − x

y 3 12 90° − x
= (arcs prop. to ∠s at centre) = (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
125° 7.5 6 x
y = 50° x = 30°

18
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

¡_ ¡_
5. In the figure, if AB : BC = 3 : 4, ∠AOB = 45°, OB and AC intersect
at K, find
O
(a) ∠BOC, (b) ∠CAB, (c) ∠OKC. C
o
45
K
Solution
¡_ ¡_ A B
(a) AB : BC = ∠AOB : ∠BOC (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
3 45°
=
4 ∠BOC

∴ ∠BOC = 60°

1
(b) ∠CAB = ∠BOC (∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce
)
2
1
= × 60°
2

= 30°

(c) ∠AOC = ∠AOB + ∠BOC

= 45° + 60°
= 105°
OA = OC (radius)
∠OAC = ∠OCA (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
180° − 105°
= (∠ sum of ¡ )
2
= 37.5°

∠OKC = 45° + 37.5° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )

= 82.5°

19
 Measures, Shape and Space

6. In the figure, ABC and AED are straight lines. If AD = AC, D

¡_ ¡_
find EB : BC.

Solution E

∠BDC = 110° − 65° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )

110o 65o
A
= 45° B C

Q ∠ADC = 65° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )

∴ ∠EDB = 65° − 45°
= 20°
¡_ ¡_
∴ EB : BC = 20 : 45
= 4 :9

¡_ ¡_ D
7. In the figure, AB is a diameter of the circle and BC = CD.
¡_ ¡_ C
If ∠CAB = 15°, find BD : DA.
A B
Solution 15o O
¡_ ¡_
Q BC = CD
∴ ∠DAC = 15° (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
Join OD.
∠ADO = 30° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
∠DOB = 30° + 30° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
= 60°
∠DOA = 180° − ∠DOB (adj. ∠s on st. line)
= 180° − 60°
= 120°
¡_ ¡_
∴ BD : DA = 60 : 120 (arcs prop. to ∠s at centre)
= 1: 2

20
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

¡_ ¡_
8. In the figure, ∠PQS = 30°, ∠QRS = 75° and SR = 2PS. If PR and P
S

QS intersect at K, find ∠PKS.

K
Solution
30o
¡_ ¡_
Q SR = 2PS Q 75o
R
∴ ∠SQR = 2 × 30° (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
= 60°
∠SRP = 30° (∠s in the same segment)
∴ ∠KRQ = 75° − 30°
= 45°
∠QKR = 180° − 60° − 45° (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 75°
∴ ∠PKS = 75° (vert. opp. ∠s)

9. In the figure, AB is a diameter of the circle. If BC = CD, A D

prove that OC // AD.

Solution O C

Let ∠DAC = a.
∠CAB = a arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce B

OA = OC radius
∠ACO = ∠CAO base ∠s, isos. ¡
= a
∴ OC // AD alt. ∠s equal

21
 Measures, Shape and Space

10. In the figure, diameter AC of the circle is perpendicular to chord BD. A

(a) Prove that ¡ ABE ≅ ¡ ADE.

¡_ ¡_
(b) If ∠EAD = 30°, prove that AD = 2CD.
O

Solution B D
E
(a) AE = AE common side
C
BE = ED line joining centre ⊥ chord bisects chord
∠AEB = 180° − 90° adj. ∠s on st. line
= 90°
∴ ∠AEB = ∠AED
∴ ¡ ABE ≅ ¡ ADE S.A.S.

(b) ∠ADE = 180° − 90° − 30° ∠ sum of ¡

= 60°
∠ABE = 60° corr. ∠s, ≅ ¡ s
¡_
AD ∠ABE 60 2
¡_ = = =
CD ∠EAD 30 1
¡_ ¡_
∴ AD = 2CD

22
6 Basic Properties of Circles (I) NON-FOUNDATION

Name :
6D
Date :
Mark :
6.5 Cyclic Quadrilaterals
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Key Concepts and Formulae

1. ∠A + ∠C = 180° and ∠B + ∠D = 180° A

[Abbreviation: opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.]

D

2. ∠DCE = ∠DAB A

[Abbreviation: ext. ∠, cyclic quad.] D

C
E

In this exercise, unless otherwise specified, O is the centre of a circle. Find the unknowns in the
following figures (1 – 11)
1.
85o

x 115o

Solution

x + ( 85° ) = 180° (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)

x = ( 105° )

y = ( 115° ) (ext. ∠, cyclic quad.)

23
 Measures, Shape and Space

2. C
D
25o

x
A B
O

Solution
∠DAC = 25° (base ∠, isos. ¡ )
∠ADC = 180° − 25° − 25° (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 130°
∠ ADC + x = 180° (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)
x = 180° − 130°
= 50°

3. A

45o D
55o
x

B C

Solution
x = 45° (∠ in the same segment)

∠ADC + ∠ABC = 180° (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)

x + 55° + y = 180°
45° + 55° + y = 180°
y = 80°

24
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

4. D

x B
A

Solution
∠ADC = 60° (prop. of equil. ¡ )
∠ADC + ∠ABC = 180° (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)
∴ ∠ABC = 120°
∠BCA = x (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )
x + x + ∠ABC = 180° (∠ sum of ¡ )
2x + 120° = 180°
x = 30°

5. In the figure, ABCDE is a pentagon inscribed in the circle. If ∠EBC = 70°, E

∠BAE = 120° and DE = DC, find ∠BED. D

A 120o
Solution
∠EDC = 180° − 70° (opp. ∠s. cyclic quad.)
70o
= 110° B C

∠DEC = ∠DCE (base ∠s, isos. ¡ )

180° − 110°
∠DEC = (∠ sum of ¡ )
2
= 35°
∠ECB = 180° − 120° (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)
= 60°
∠BEC = 180° − 70° − 60° (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 50°
Q ∠BED = ∠BEC + ∠CED
∴ ∠BED = 50° + 35°
= 85°

25
 Measures, Shape and Space

A
6. In the figure, BCDF is a cyclic quadrilateral. ABC, AFD, EFB and
EDC are all straight lines. If ∠FDE = 96° and ∠BFD = 120°,
find B
(a) ∠FED, (b) ∠ABF. F
o
120
Solution 96o
C E
D
(a) ∠FED = 120° − 96° (ext. ∠ of ¡ )
= 24°

(b) ∠FDC = 180° − 96° (adj. ∠s on st. line)

= 84°
∠ABF = ∠FDC (ext. ∠, cyclic quad.)
= 84°

7. In the figure, ∠ADB = 40°, CB = CD and AD // BC, find ∠BAD.

A D
40o
Solution
∠DBC = 40° (alt. ∠s, AD // BC)
∠BDC = 40° (base ∠s, isos. ¡ ) B C

∠BCD = 180° − ∠DBC − ∠BDC (∠ sum of ¡ )

= 180° − 40° − 40°
= 100°
∠BAD = 180° − ∠BCD (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)
= 180° − 100°
= 80°

26
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

¡_ ¡_
8. In the figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. If BC = 3BA and A
D

∠BDC = 60°, find B

60o

(a) ∠ADB, (b) ∠ABD.

Solution 50o

C
∠ADB ∠ADB 1
(a) = = (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
∠BDC 60° 3
∴ ∠ADB = 20°

(b) ∠BAD = 180° − ∠BCD (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)

= 180° − 50°
= 130°
∠ABD = 180° − ∠ADB − ∠BAD (∠ sum of ¡ )
= 180° − 20° − 130°
= 30°

¡_ ¡_ ¡_ ¡_
9. In the figure, AB : BC : CD : DA = 6 : 5 : 4 : 3. A
D
(a) Find
(i) ∠BCA, (ii) ∠ACD.
O
(b) Hence, determine whether BA ⊥ AD.
B C
Solution
¡_ ¡_ ¡_ ¡_
(a) (i) AB + BC + CD + DA = circumference of the circle
∠BOA + ∠BOC + ∠COD + ∠DOA = 360°
∠BCA + ∠BAC + ∠CAD + ∠ACD = 180° (∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce)
¡_ ¡_ ¡_ ¡_
But ∠BCA : ∠BAC : ∠CAD : ∠ACD = AB : BC : CD : DA (arcs prop. to ∠s at ¡ ce
)
= 6:5:4:3
6
∴ ∠BCA = × 180°
6 +5 + 4 +3
= 60°

27
 Measures, Shape and Space

3
(ii) ∴ ∠ACD = × 180°
6 +5 + 4 +3
= 30°

(b) ∠BCD = ∠BCA + ∠ACD

= 60° + 30°
= 90°
∠BAD = 180° − ∠BCD (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.)
= 180° − 90°
= 90°
∴ BA ⊥ AD

10. In the figure, AC = AD, prove that ∠ABC = ∠AED. A

E
Solution
B
∠ACD = ∠ADC base ∠s, isos. ¡
∠ABC = 180° − ∠ADC opp. ∠, cyclic quad.
∠AED = 180° − ∠ACD opp. ∠, cyclic quad. C D
∴ ∠ABC = ∠AED

28
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

11. In the figure, ABC is a straight line, AO // BD and AO = AB. E

(a) Show that ∠AOD = 2∠DBC.

(b) If ∠CBD = 60°, prove that OABD is a parallelogram. O D

Solution
C
(a) ∠DBC = ∠AED ext. ∠, cyclic quad. A B

∠AOD = 2∠AED ∠ at centre twice ∠ at ¡ ce

∴ ∠AOD = 2∠DBC

(b) ∠AOD = 2 × 60°

= 120°
∠OAB = ∠CBD corr. ∠s, AO // BD
∠OAB + ∠AOD = 60° + 120°
= 180°
∴ OD // AB int. ∠s, supp.
Since OD // AB and AO // BD, OABD is a parallelogram.

29
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I) NON-FOUNDATION

Name :
6E
Date :
Mark :
Multiple Choice Questions
In this exercise, unless otherwise specified, 3. In the figure, BC is a diameter of the
O is the centre of a circle. circle and AB = AD = DC. Find
∠ABD.
1. In the figure, POQ is a straight line,
OC = 10 cm, AB = CD = 16 cm. A D

Find PQ.

16 cm B C
A B
P

Q
C 16 cm D A. 27°
B. 28°
A. 11 cm B. 12 cm C. 29°
C. 13 cm D. 14 cm B D. 30° D

2. In the figure, AM = MB. Which of the 4. In the figure, AC and BD intersect at K.

following is / are true? Find x.
D

x
O
A
42o K
A B 45o
M
C
58o

I. OM ⊥ AB B

II. AO ⊥ OB A. 32°
III. ¡ OAM ≅ ¡ OBM B. 35°
IV. ¡ OBM ≅ ¡ OBA C. 45°
A. I D. 50° B

B. I and II
C. I and III
D. I, III and IV C

30
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

5. In the figure, find x. 8. In the figure, AB is a diameter of the

circle and AD // OC. Find x.
D

x C
O

x 35o
A B
A o
35 23 o C O

A. 115° B. 116°
A. 100° B. 105°
C. 117° D. 118° B
C. 107.5° D. 110° C
6. In the figure, AB is a diameter of the
circle. Find x. 9. In the figure, find x + y.
C A
D
44o
B
x
x O E
A B y

C D

A. 19° B. 21° A. 215° B. 220°

C. 23° D. 25° C C. 225° D. 230° C
¡_ ¡_
7. In the figure, AD = DC. Find x. 10. In the figure, BD is a diameter of the
circle. Find ∠DBC.
A

D D
x
A
45o
53o

100o
C B C
B
A. 30° B. 35°
A. 65° B. 67°
C. 36° D. 37° D
C. 69° D. 80° A

31
 Measures, Shape and Space

11. In the figure, ABC and AED are straight 14. In the figure, COD is a diameter of the
lines. Find ∠EDB. circle and AB ⊥ CD. If AB = 8 cm and
D CM = 2 cm, find the radius of the circle.
C
E o
48 M
A 36o A B
B
O
C

A. 11° B. 12°
C. 18° D. 22° B D
¡_ ¡_ ¡_
12. In the figure, BCD : CDA : DAB = A. 2.5 cm B. 3 cm
3 : 4 : 6. Find ∠ADC. C. 4 cm D. 5 cm D
A
15. In the figure, chord ED and AB are
produced to meet at C. If ED = DB,
D AB = AE and ∠DCB = 30°, find ∠EAB.
E
C

B D

A. 105° B. 110° O

C. 115° D. 121° B A
30o
B
13. In the figure, AOB is a diameter of the C

circle and ∠ DAO = 50° . If DC = CB , A. 50° B. 55°

find the value of x + y . C. 58° D. 60° D
D

x
C 16. In the figure, ∠ABC = 105°, ∠BCE = 70°
y and AB = BC, find x.
A 50o B
D
O
x
C
E 70o

A. 90° B. 98°
105o
C. 105° D. 112° C A B

A. 100° B. 102.5°
C. 105° D. 107.5° D

32
 6 Basic Properties of Circles (I)

17. In the figure, ABDF is inscribed in the 19. In the figure, AB and BC are two chords
circle. AFE, BDE, FDC and ABC are the of the circle. If reflex ∠COA = 285°,
straight lines. If ∠E = 22° and ∠C = 30°, find x + y.
find ∠A. B
E

22o
285o

y
O
x
F

D C A
30o

C
A. 30°
A B
B. 37.5°
A. 60° C. 52.5°
B. 64° D. 75° B
C. 68°
20. In the figure, AB is a diameter of the
D. 78° B circle. Find ∠DOC.
D
18. In the figure, which of the following 125o C
MUST be true?
K
E
A B
F O
a D
y
x
c
b
A. 70°
d
C B. 75°
A
B C. 78°
A. b + c = 180° D. 82° A
B. a + d = 180°
C. a = x + y
D. d = b + c − 90° C

33